FactShots - Current Affairs Revision Module - PRELIMS 2023

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THEME : ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY

JANUARY 2022 - MARCH 2023

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Water Pollution
1.1 Reports in News
Underground Pollution In News
1.2 Species In News
Plastic Pollution
1.3 Indian laws/policies related to
1.12 Pollution Related Issues News
environment in news
1.13 Forest Related Issues In News
1.4 Indian Environmental Organisations
1.14 Biodiversity Related Issues In News
In News
1.15 Indian Govt Schemes / Initiatives/
1.5 Protected Areas In News
Measures / Miscellaneous In News
1.6 Tiger Reserves In India
1.16 Environment Related
1.7 Recently Added Ramsar Sites In India
Agreements/conferences/protocols/s
1.8 Other Ramsar Sites In India
ummits, Etc.
1.9 World’s 36 Biodiversity Hotspots In
1.17 Forest Related Issues In News
News
1.18 Climate Change In News
1.10 Environmental Organisations In
1.19 Alternate Energy In News
News
1.20 Biodiversity And Forest Related
1.11 Environmental Pollution In News
Issues In News
Air Pollution

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 FactShots - Current Affairs Revision Module

1.21 Pollution And Wastes Related Issues

In News
1.22 Climate Change Related Issues In
News
1.23 Species In News
1.24 Wetlands In News

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 FactShots - Current Affairs Revision Module

PROTECTED AREAS IN NEWS

State Name Why In News Details Like Location, Flora, Fauna, River Passing Etc.
Tripura Sepahijala Wildlife Two baby leopards join ❖ Location: Bishalgarh, Tripura.
Sanctuary sepahijala zoo after 12 ❖ A woodland with an artificial lake and natural botanical and
years. zoological gardens.
❖ A kind of zoo plus garden and sanctuary.
❖ Fauna and flora: clouded leopard, spectacle langur, capped
langur, pig-tailed macaque, slow loris, barking deer, wild boar
and flora-Artocarpus chaplasa, Albizzia procera etc.

Uttarakhand Shivalik Elephant Uttarakhand govt ❖ Location: much of this reserve falls inside protected areas:
Reserve announced repeal of Rajaji national park, Corbett tiger reserve, Nandaur wildlife
the decision to denotify sanctuary, and Sonanadi wildlife sanctuary.
the Shivalik elephant ❖ Home to almost all of Uttarakhand’s wild elephants.
reserve to expand the ❖ Protects key patches and corridors that allow elephants to
airport in Dehradun move from their habitats near the Yamuna river in the west to
those on the Sharda River in the east.
❖ A monitoring the illegal killing of elephants (mike) site in India.
Tamil Nadu Cauvery South Tamil Nadu has ❖ Location: Krishnagiri and Dharmapuri districts
Wildlife Sanctuary notified the sanctuary ❖ Connects cauvery north wildlife sanctuary of Tamil Nadu with
as state’s 17th wildlife cauvery wildlife sanctuary in neighboring Karnataka.
sanctuary, under wild ❖ Maintains further continuity to the Nilgiri biosphere through
Malai Mahadeshwara wildlife sanctuary, Billigiri Rangaswamy

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life (protection) act, temple (brt) tiger reserve in Karnataka and Sathyamangalam
1972. tiger reserve and erode district.
❖ Important elephant habitat comprising of 2 elephant corridors:
Nandimangalam-Ulibanda
❖ Corridor and Kovaipallam-Anebiddahalla corridor.
❖ River: cauvery river

Mudumalai Tiger Newly captured and ❖ Location: Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu at tri-junction of 3
Reserve reintroduced wild states- Karnataka, Kerala and TAMIL NADU
elephant PM2 ❖ Shares boundary with Wayanad wildlife sanctuary (Kerala) on
(pandalur makhna) in west, Bandipore tiger reserve (Karnataka) on north.
Mudumalai Tiger ❖ Part of the Nilgiris biosphere reserve.
Reserve is adapting to ❖ Among the 14 tiger reserves in India which received
new habitat. accreditation of global conservation assured tiger standards
(CA|TS).
Theppakadu elephant ❖ River: Moyar.
camp in Mudumalai ❖ Forest type: tropical evergreen forest, moist deciduous
Tiger Reserve is oldest forest, moist teak forest, dry teak forest, secondary
elephant camp in Asia, grasslands and swamps.
established before ❖ Fauna and flora: elephants, gaur, tiger, panther, spotted
independence. deer, barking deer, wild boar, porcupine etc., birds like-
minivets, hornbill, fairy blue birds, etc.

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Odisha Bhitarkanika Number of newborn ❖ Location: Kendrapara, Odisha.

National Park saltwater crocodiles in ❖ At the south end of the national park is the Gahirmatha beach
Bnp reached a record which is the lone mass nesting spot in Indian ocean region.
3,700 this year during ❖ Has India’s largest heronry.
the nesting period. ❖ Rivers: lies in the estuarial region of Brahmani, Baitarani,
Dhamra and Patasala river.
❖ Forest type: second-largest mangrove forest in India (after the
Sundarbans).
❖ Fauna and flora: saltwater crocodiles, hyenas, wild boar, open
billed stork, grey heron,, white ibis etc.
Rajasthan Desert National A green agriculture
Park (DNP) project funded by the
FAO’S global Get Complete File from - factshotsupsch.stores.instamojo.com/
environment facility
(GEF) will help with the Any Queries - WhatsApp 7806995125
conservation of critical
biodiversity in DNP.
Ranthambore A tiger was recently ❖ location: junction of Aravalli valley and Vindhya’s near Sawai
Tiger Reserve shifted from Madhopur district in eastern Rajasthan . also, a national park.
Ranthambore tiger Ranthambhore fort, a UNESCO world heritage site, situated
reserve (RTR) to inside the park.
Sariska tiger reserve ❖ lakes: Padam Talao, Malik Talao, Raj Bagh Talao.
(str). ❖ Rivers: enclosed by Chambal river and Banas river from the
two sides.
❖ Forest type: dry deciduous forest and open grassy meadow.

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❖ fauna and flora: tigers, leopards, striped hyenas, sambar

deer, chital, nilgai, etc.
Sariska Tiger A tiger was recently ❖ location: Alwar district of Rajasthan .
Reserve shifted from ❖ part of the Aravalli range.
Ranthambore tiger ❖ harbors neelkanth temple; Pandupol hanuman temple;
reserve to Sariska tiger Kankwadi fort.
reserve. ❖ forest type: mountains, grasslands, dry deciduous forests.
❖ fauna and flora: Indian leopard, jungle cat, caracal, striped
hyena, golden jackal, etc. And bird species, such as sand
grouse, harbor quails, crested serpent eagles, etc.
Tal Chhapar To protect the ❖ location: thar desert, Rajasthan and part of famous
Blackbuck sanctuary, Rajasthan shekhawati region. tal is Rajasthan i word means plane land.
Sanctuary high court ordered a only sanctuary in India with a good number of blackbucks in
“complete prohibition” an almost tree-less, saline and flat-land. “mothiya” or pearl-a
on any action to reduce special type of grass is found here.
wildlife sanctuary’s ❖ forest type: grassland
area. ❖ fauna and flora: desert fox, desert cat and migratory birds are
harriers, eastern imperial eagle, short-toed eagle, little green
Court directed to bee-eaters etc.
complete the formalities
for declaration of eco-
sensitive zone
surrounding tal
chhapar at the earliest

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Maharashtra Sanjay Gandhi A pair of Asiatic lions ❖ Location: Borivali east, Mumbai
National Park have been brought to ❖ Previously known as 'Borivali national park'.
the sanjay gandhi ❖ Site of archaeological importance because of presence of
national park from Kanheri caves which represent a rare fragment of Buddhist
gujarat. history.
❖ Forms approximately 20% of Mumbai’s geographical area.
❖ 2 man-made lakes inside the park premises, Tulsi lake and
Vihar lake.
❖ Tribes in the area: Warlis and Mahadeo Kolis.
❖ River: Dahisar river.
❖ Forest type: southern mixed-deciduous forest
❖ Fauna and flora: leopard, monkey, spotted deer, Indian hare,
wild cat etc. And flora are dominated by the tectona, albizzia,
terminalia, butea, bamboo etc.

Madhya National Chambal To end illegal sand ❖ Location: area spanning across three states of Madhya
Pradesh Sanctuary (NCS) mining, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
Pradesh plans to make ❖ A riverine sanctuary.
it legal in parts of NCS. ❖ Main area for species reintroduction programme of crocodilian
Sand mining has been species Gavialis gangeticus (gharial).
banned in ncs since ❖ Listed as an important bird area (iba).
2006. ❖ Rivers: Chambal river (tributary of Yamuna river) and its
tributary Parvati.
❖ Forest type: part of Khathiar dry deciduous forests ecoregion.

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❖ Flora and fauna: gharials, Gangetic dolphins, mugger

crocodiles and several rare turtle species
Durgavati Tiger Madhya Pradesh (MP) ❖ Location: spread across Narisinghpur, Damoh and Sagar
Reserve wildlife board approved districts of MP.
a new reserve for tigers ❖ A green corridor linking PTR with Durgavati to be developed
of panna tiger reserve for the natural movement of the tiger to the new reserve.
(PTR). ❖ Forests: tropical mixed dry deciduous forest and some teak
forests.
One-fourth of PTR will ❖ Flora and fauna: leopard, wolf, jackal, sloth bear, barking
get submerged due to deer, four horned antelope etc.
linking of ken-Betwa
rivers.

In wake of river linking

project, National Tiger
Conservation Authority
(NTCA) had asked U.P
and M.P governments
to notify new tiger
reserves.
Madhav National Tigers are being
Park (MNP) reintroduced in the
MNP more than six Get Complete File from - factshotsupsch.stores.instamojo.com/
decades after they were
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last seen there in

1960s.

Ladakh Changthang Cold Department of science ❖ Location: Ladakhi Changthang plateau in the east of Leh
Desert Wildlife & technology has district.
Sanctuary announced setting up ❖ Situated between Ladakh and Tibet (China) border.
of India’s first dark sky ❖ Has Korzok village, considered to be the world’s highest
reserve at Hanle in village.
Ladakh as a part of ❖ Home to highest altitude water lakes, namely, Tso Moriri
Changthang wildlife (a Ramsar wetland site),
sanctuary. ❖ Pangongtso and Tsokar.
❖ Rivers: Indus river
❖ Fauna and flora: snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, wild yak, bharal,
brown bear, kiang or Tibetan wild ass, dark-necked crane.
Karakoram Ladakh has identified ❖ Location: easternmost reaches of Karakoram range in Leh
(Nubrashyok) WLS proper mapping and district.
boundary identification ❖ Bounded on north and south by China and Pakistan, the
of Changthang and Karakoram ranges lines the north.
Karakoram sanctuaries ❖ Situated just to the north of Hemis national park, east of
along India-China Deosai national park and to the northwest of the Changthang
border as a priority WLS.
concern. ❖ Community of diskit is located in the heart of the sanctuary.
❖ Kargil is situated to the west of Karakoram wildlife sanctuary
Wildlife institute of India within the Suru river valley.
(wii) has been asked to ❖ Rivers: Shyok river (tributary of the Indus)

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map and identify areas ❖ Flora and fauna: Tibetan antelope (chiru) Tibetan gazelle,
of 'high conservation Himalayan ibex, shapo, bharal, wild yak, snow leopard etc.
value' to help
'rationalise' boundaries
- allowing for addition
or deletion of land.
Kerala Wayanad Wildlife money spider, ant- ❖ Location: southern trenches of famous western ghats.
Sanctuary mimicking spider have ❖ Contiguous to protected areas of Nagarhole and Bandipur
been reported for the national parks of Karnataka on north-east and Mudumalai
first time from national park of Tamil Nadu on south east.
Muthanga range of ❖ Covers the Wayanad plateau situated at the confluence of
Wayanad Wildlife three biologically distinct and diverse regions- the main
Sanctuary. western ghat mountains, the Nilgiri hills and the deccan
plateau.
❖ Component of the Nilgiri biosphere reserve.
❖ Tribal communities in the area: Kuruma, Paniya, Kattunaicka,
Urali, Kurichiar and Adiyar.
❖ Sanctuary is divided into two parts- Muthanga towards the
east and Tholpetty on the north side.
❖ Rivers: Kabini river (tributary of Cauvery river).
❖ Forest type: south Indian moist deciduous forests, west coast
semi-evergreen forests and plantations of teak, eucalyptus
and Grewelia.

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❖ Fauna and flora: elephant, gaur, tiger, panther, sambar, red

headed vultures and white Rumped vultures, spotted deer,
four-horned antelope , wild boar, sloth bear, Nilgiri langur etc.
Bihar Valmiki Tiger The forest department ❖ Location: extreme north- eastern end along the international
Reserve of Bihar has border with nepal in western Champaran district.
established an elephant ❖ Contiguous with Nepal's Chitwan national park to the north,
rescue centre in Valmiki sharing a forested boundary with Sohagibarwa wildlife
Tiger Reserve. sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh.
❖ Only protected area where Gauris found in the Shivaliks and
Gangetic plains landscape.
❖ Among the 14 tiger reserves in India which received
accreditation of global conservation assured tiger standards
(ca|Ts).
❖ Rivers: Gandak river on the west boundary
❖ Forest type: unique combination of the terai-bhabar
vegetation.

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