APOGEE BACnet System e-Learning

APOGEE BACnet e-learning

CPS Product Management Team

Nov 2012

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 Apogee BACnet

Apogee BACnet
Apogee BACnet/IP DDC
Apogee BACnet MS/TP DDC

?
!
Enjoy the course!

Page 2 December 12 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BACnet

BACnet MLN

BACnet MLN

BACnet ALN

BACnet ALN

BACnet FLN

BACnet FLN

Case Study

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 APOGEE BACnet
Management
Network
Level

BACnet/IP
Automation
Network

PXC Modular PXC 36 PXC 16 PXC 24

Level

BACnet MS/TP RS485 BACnet MS/TP RS485

Network
Network

VAV ATEC UEC16/24 G120P PPM :

PTEC
Level

1. BACnet/IP
Level
Field
Field

2. RS485 BACnet MS/TP

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet

(
)

( )

BACnet MSTP BACnet IP

ZigBee CBA (Commercial Building Automation
Page 5 December 12 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
APOGEE BACnet

BACnet MLN

BACnet MLN

BACnet ALN

BACnet ALN

BACnet FLN

BACnet FLN

Case Study

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 APOGEE MLN

BACNET/IP LAN WAN

BACnet/IP
Level Network
Management-

•
BACnet Server BACnet Client
•
•
•
•BACnet DDC : BACnet •
•Insight workstation: BACnet •
•

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE MLN

BACnet MLN
Insight 571-010-3PX-USB Insight 571-020-3PX-USB
+ BACnet Server : 571-189 Client: 571-188
1. Server Insight APOGEE BACnet

2. Client Insight
BACnet/IP

-
• 571-195 BACnet Option
• 571-196 BACnet Option 2
• 571-197 BACnet Option 5

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet Operator Workstation Softwares
(B-OWS)

For the latest information on BTL listed products, refer to

www.bacnetinternational.org/btl.

- OWS
BT LB
A S NO
er H
chneid
S
JCI
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
 Green Function in Insight - Enhanced Graphics Option EGO

• Insight Graphic

Insight

• PPCL

• 571-151
Insight3.10

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

” Angular“ ”Column“

KW) KWh)
14 14
12 12
12 12
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
CO2, SO2, N2O, CH4, NOX

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet Advanced Workstation Software
(B-AWS)

APOGEE BTL

APOGEE
PXC Modular
Insight
Controller
3.12

New! Device: B-AWS (Advanced Workstation)

BIBBs:

PICS:

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BACnet

BACnet MLN

BACnet MLN

BACnet ALN

BACnet ALN

BACnet FLN

BACnet FLN

Case Study

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet ALN

BACnet/IP 1 Insight Server = 1000 controllers = 64 ALN

• PXC Modular
• PXC Compact (PXC16,PXC24,PXC36)
BTL B-BC
Level Network
Management-

BACnet/IP
Level Network
Automation-

PXC Modular
PXC 100 PXC00
PXC Compact
PXC 16 24 36

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet

BACnet Building Controller (B-BC) APOGEE BACnet Products

BACnet Advanced Application Controller (B-AAC)

BACnet Application Specific Controller (B-ASC)

BACnet Smart Actuator (B-SA)

BACnet Smart Sensor (B-SS)

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BTL

PXC Compact Controller

PXC Modular Controller PXC36 24 26

Device: B-BC (Building Controller) B-BC (Building Controller)

BIBBs:

PICS:

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet Building Controller (B-BC)

B-BC

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC
PXC I/O

PX
PXCC

TX-I/O
TX-I/O //

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC

(TCP/IP BACnet/IP) RS-485 TCP/ IP

RS-485
DDC TCP/IP RS-485
24VAC

RS-232 USB MMI

U

2000 /

MPC885 (PowerPC®)
133 MHz
72 MB
10/100Mbps
RS-485 1200 bps ~115.2 Kbps
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
PXC
PXC
“ ”
“ ” (PXX.485.3) 3
BIM (PXB1.P1) TX-I/O /

PXC (PXC00-PE96.A) (PXC100-PE96.A)

(PXC00-PE96.A ): TX-I/O
TX-I/O (PXF-TXIO.A )

(PXC100-PE96.A ): TX-I/O

PXC00-PE96.A

PXC00 PXC100 (PXX-485.3)

BIM (PXB1.P1) TX-I/O

PXC100-PE96.A TX-I/O

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 PXC “ ”
“ ”
PXC + (TXS.12F4) + TX-I/O
PXC 64 TX-I/O 500

TX-I/O
PXC-M

1 2 3 4
TX- 50m
I/O 24AWG

TX-I/O
TX-I/O 5 6 7 8

,
TX-I/O
9 10

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC FLN “ ”
PXC + FLN (PXX.485.3)

FLN
PXX.485.3

RS-485 , 1200
24AWG
BACnet MSTP FLN
FLN1 FLN2
FLN3

1 BACnet MSTP

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet ALN PXC Modular

PXC Modular – BACnet P2

•ALN: BACnet/IP ALN
•FLN: PXC Modular + PXX485.3 (FLN- ) 3FLN
P1 BACnet MS/TP P1 FLN 3 FLN
FLN 32 BACnet MS/TP FLN FLN1
96 FLN2 FLN3
• PXC100 DIN 64
TX-I/O 500 I/O I/O PXC00
PXF-TXIO.A License manager)

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACNET-ALN PXC Modular

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC

BACnet/IP

BACnet MS/TP

PXC Modular :
BTL BACnet Building Controller (B-BC)
BACnet/IP BACnet MS/TP

I/O
I/O (TX-IO) 500 /
HMI

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC MODULAR P2 VS BACnet

P2 RS485 1200bps~115.2Kbps BACnet

ALN ALN
TCP/IP 10M/100M BACnet/IP 10M/100M

FLN1 FLN1
P1 32Nodes MS/TP 96 Nodes (1/4 or 1/8 load)
FLN2 FLN2
P1 32Nodes
FLN3 FLN3 9600bps~115.2Kbps
P1 32Nodes

115.2Kbps
MODBUS
P1/BACnet
FLN1
MODBUS 32Nodes A
FLN2
MODBUS 32Nodes B
FLN3
MODBUS 32Nodes C

Remark: Graphic made by Li Peng

page 27 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC-16 PXC-24

PXC-16, PXC-24
BACnet/IP

I/O
MS/TP MS/TP

:
I/O

MS/TP FLN
ALN 1000 IP
ALN/MLN

Flash
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
PXC
ALN
Ethernet TCP/IP RS-485 BACnet/IP BACnet MS/TP
”F” FLN
PXC Compact RS-485
ALN RS-485 Ethernet)
FLN ALN TCP/IP

PXC
RS-232 USB MMI Ethernet
Ethernet
ALN
U RS-485
ALN
RS-485
ALN/FLN
ALN/FLN
100MHz
24M (16M RAM, 8M Flash)
A/D 16 bits
D/A 10 bits
PXC16,PXC24
AHU,PAU,

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC I/O

PXC16 PXC24
UI
(DI ) 2 0 UI ) DI ( )

(DO) 3 5 0-10VDC ( 20 Hz)

4-20mA
(AO) 3 3
Ni 1000
(UI) 3 3 Pt 1000
10k Ohm
(UI/O) 5 9 100 k Ohm
UI/O
UI
0-10 VDC
0 4
X
(UI/O)
UI/O , 4-20mA ,

DO
DO Class I

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet ALN -PXC16&24

• PXC Compact 16&24 – BACnet P2

• ALN: PXC Compact BACnet/IP ALN,
FLN: PXC24EF PXC16EF LSM-FLN 1 FLN. ( PXC24EF
PXC16EF +LSM-FLN)
P1 BACnet MS/TP
Island BUS!

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet ALN - PXC16&24 P2 VS BACnet

P2 P2
PXC24F PXC24F
ALN ALN
RS485 TCP/IP
1200bps~115.2Kbps 10M/100M

FLNP1 31Nodes FLN

P1 31Nodes
4800bps~38.4Kbps 4800bps~38.4Kbps

BACnet

PXC16/24F
MS/TP 9600bps~115.2Kbps
ALN
BACnet/IP 10M/100M

MS/TP 31Nodes 9600bps~76.8Kbps

FLN
P1 31Nodes 4800bps~38.4Kbps
Remark: Graphic made by Li Peng

page 32 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC Compact 24&16

PXC16.2-EF.A+LSM-FLN
PXC24.2-EF.A+LSM-FLN

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
PXC-36

PXC-36
BACnet/IP

I/O
MS/TP MS/TP

FLN TX I/O

:
I/O

MS/TP FLN
TX-I/O
ALN 1000 IP
ALN/MLN
Flash

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC 36 I/O

AO: 0-10V / 4-20mA

PXC-36

(DI ) 4 DO: Class I

(DO) 3
DIs: ( 20 Hz)
(AO) 3

(UI) 2 UIs:0-10V, 4-20mA, L&G- Ni 1000

Pt 1000 10k
Ohm 100 k Ohm
(UI/O) 24

UO: 0-10V / 4-20mA 18U+6X

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC36 Island Bus

Island Bus TX-I/O I/O

TX-I/O
4 TX-I/O
Island Bus TX-I/O
50 160

50

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC36
ALN “B” “A”
Island
RS485 (B A) BACnet/IP MSTP FLN
BACnet/IP P1 FLN P1 FLN
“B” –
BACnet MS/TP ALN FLN
“A” – P2 TCP/IP FLN FLN
RS485 – “A” P2 RS-485 ALN FLN
– “B” “A”

Island Bus FLN FLN

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet ALN – PXC 36

PXC Compact 36 – BACnet P2

ALN BACnet/IP
FLN P1 BACnet MS/TP BACnet
MS/TP, 1 RS-485 MS/TP , RS485
P1 , RS-485 P1
Island Bus 4 TX-I/O 1 TX-I/O

TX-I/O BACnet MS/TP FLN P1 FLN

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet ALN – PXC 36 FLN

FLN
ALN “B” “A”
(1/4 OR 1/8 Load)

TCP/IP P1 FLN P1 FLN 96

P2
RS485 ALN P1 FLN 96

BACnet IP P1 FLN P1 FLN 96

BACnet IP MS/TP FLN 96

BACnet MS/TP ALN/FLN 9600 bps to Kbps

RS485 ALN 1200 bps to 115.2 Kbps
RS485 FLN 4800 bps to 38.4 Kbps

Remark: Graphic made by Li Peng

page 40 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC Compact 36

PXC Compact 36-BACnet

PXC Compact 36, BACnet

Firmware PXC36-E.A PXC Compact 36 with FW 3.2 FW3.2

PXC Compact 36 with Firmware 3.2, Expansion I/O capability and

PXC Compact 36, BACnet support for up to 96 P1 or MSTP FLN devices. I/O 96
Firmware, Expansion I/O, FLN PXC36-EF.A P1 MSTP FLN

PXC Compact 36 license Manager

Expansion I/O Option LSM-IB36.A Enables Island Bus on PXC Compact 36. ISLAND BUS

Enables FLN support for 96 P1 or MSTP devices on PXC Compact 36.

FLN Option LSM-FLN36.A 96 P1 MSTP

Enables both Island Bus expansion and FLN support for 96 P1 or MSTP
devices on PXC Compact 36. ISLAND BUS 96 MSTP
Expansion I/O and FLN Option LSM-36.A

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 PXC Web

• Web
•

• USB

• --- Web
• ---
• ---

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
 PXC Web

Internet Explorer 6.0 Firefox 3.6

cookies enabled, Adobe Flash Player

Plug-in 10.1

BACnet IP PXC Modular

PXC Compact 16/24/36

SSN
WEB LSM-FPWEB P55801-Y104

571-214 P55801-Y139

Fireware FW 3.2.2 545-486 BPZ 545-486

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC BACnet Web
PXC Web HMI Web

Web Internet Web PXC Web

PXC Web Internet
--

Web PXC Web Internet PXC

PPCL FLN

BTL B-BC BACnet BACnet BACnet

BACnet

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 PXC PXM10S PXM10T

/
PXC PXC

PXC (TEC
PPM )
/
---- PXC
----
PXC PXC ----
2
(PXM10S)

page 48 October, 2010 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXM 10

PXM10T PXM10T

PXM10S
PXM10S
/

16 24 5 / PXA-HMI.CABLEP5

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXM10T/S

FLN
PXM10S

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BACnet

BACnet MLN

BACnet MLN

BACnet ALN

BACnet ALN

BACnet FLN

BACnet FLN

Case Study

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BACnet
BACnet MS/TP FLN NEW!
Management
Level

BACnet/IP and Web Services

5
Automation
Level

:
BACnet MS/TP BACnet MS/TP
1. PXC24 Unitary Equipment Controller (UEC)
Field Level

2. PPM - New I/O

3. Programmable BACnet TEC
3 2 4. PXM10S – for a single controller view
5. BACnet Web Server – for an ALN

page 52 August, 2010 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

UEC16/24 ---PXC16/24.2-UCM.A
:
FLN( )
16/24 .– 8/16 UI/O
B-AAC Advanced Application Controller---
, ,

PXM10T HOA
:
----
----16/24 8/16 ,

PXC-16/24 PXC16/24.2-UCM.A
BACnet MS/TP

UEC PXC 24 BACnet/IP ALN, LSM-24.A

MS/TP FLN
IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
PXC-16/24
HMI/Telnet Commission Tool PPCL
CT PPCL Power Process Control Language

BASIC
TX I/O 16/24 16/24 I/O 8/16 16/24
I/O

BACnet MS/TP EIA-485 BACnet MS/TP

BACnet MS/TP BACnet MS/TP BACnet
TEC BACnet PXC
PXC-36
BTL B - AAC BACnet
BACnet B-AAC

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet PTEC TEC

PPCL ( 200 )
B-ASC Application Specific Controller---

PTEC: (16 ) 3 AIs, 2 DIs, 8 DOs 3 AOs

PTEC (8 ) 1 AI 1 DI 2 DIs, 6 DOs

---- PPCL
---- PPCL ( LOOP, GOTO, IF/THEN, ON/OFF, RELEASE, SET,
TABLE, DBSWIT, MIN, MAX)

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet TEC –
BACnet TEC (PTEC) PPCL

PPCL :
PPCL

PTEC PPCL

App #6573 + PPCL PTEC

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 -PTEC

550-490P Siemens BACnet Programmable Heat Pump Controller

550-491P Siemens BACnet Programmable I/O Expansion Board

550-492P Siemens BACnet Programmable VAV TEC with Series Fan and 3 Stage Electric Heat

550-493P Siemens BACnet Programmable Unit Vent Controller

550-495P Siemens BACnet Programmable VAV Controller (long)

550-496P Siemens BACnet Programmable Fan Coil Controller (long)

PTEC

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

BACnet PPM

I/O , FAU-

---- HVAC

---- 12

SSN

6 BACnet MS/TP PPM-1U32.BPF S55664-J102

6 BACnet MS/TP PPM-2U22.BPF S55664-J104

12 BACnet MS/TP PPM-2U3322.BPF S55664-J106

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 BACnet MS/TP PPM

I/O BACnet MS/TP I/O

BACnet MS/TP FLN PXC I/O

6 I/O 12 I/O 3 PPM 6 12 I/O I/O

BACnet MS/TP EIA-485 BACnet MS/TP

BACnet MS/TP BACnet MS/TP
BACnet TEC BACnet
PXC PXC-36

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

PXC UEC PTEC PPM

PXC PXC
o I/O o I/O
oALN oALN

oI/O oI/O

oEthernet/485 oEthernet/485
UEC16/24
o o o

oI/O oB-BC oB-BC

PTEC oMSTP/485
oI/O oB-AAC
o o
PPM oB-ASC
o
BACnet TEC
oI/O
o I/O
oMSTP/485
o
o
oB-ASC

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

APOGEE BACnet

BACnet Web Server - for an ALN view

PXM10 – for a single PXC view

Programmable TEC
PXC24 Unitary Equipment Controller (UEC)
I/O
PPM – digital, analog, and mixed

ATEC with Room Units

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 APOGEE BACnet ( )
BACnet/IP
Management
Level

Insight Insight
Server Client
BACnet/IP
10M/100M 100Nodes MAX

PXC36 PXC24 PXC16

Automation

4 Drops
PXC M 500 Pts
Level

TX / IO
TX / IO
Field Level

Remark: Graphic made by Li Peng

page 62 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 APOGEE BACnet ( )
BACnet/IP +BACnet MS/TP NEW!
Management
Level

Insight Insight
Server Client
BACnet/IP
10M/100M 100Nodes MAX

PXC36F PXC24F PXC16F

Automation

4 Drops
PXC M 500 Pts
Level

TX / IO
MS/TP 96Nodes (*Remark) TX / IO MS/TP 31Nodes MS/TP 31Nodes

MS/TP 96Nodes (*Remark)

Field Level

PPM PPM
PTEC TEC ATEC PPM UEC24 UEC24

* Remark: 96 nodes is 1/4 or 1/8 load device ** Graphic made by Li Peng

page Recommendation:
63 IC BT CPS
device qty <60, to keep the good network performance Building Technologies / CPS -Training
 APOGEE BACnet ( )
BACnet/IP +BACnet MS/TP +WebServerNEW!
Management
Level

Internet Explorer 6.0 Internet Explorer 6.0

Firefox 2.0 Firefox 2.0
BACnet/IP
10M/100M 100Nodes MAX

PXC36F
Automation

4 Drops
PXC M 500 Pts
Level

TX / IO
MS/TP 96Nodes(*Remark) TX / IO
* Remark:
MS/TP96Nodes(*remark)
Field Level

96 nodes is 1/4 or 1/8 load device

Recommendation: device qty <60,
to keep the good network performance
PTEC TEC ATEC PPM
PPM
Remark: Graphic made by Li Peng
page 64 IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
 Firmware 2.x BACnet -P2

2.x

APOGEE P2 SYSTEM

571-010/571-020

(MLN)

BACnet MS/TP Driver ( LSM-INT-BMSTP

PXC MODULAR ) P2 Ethernet /RS485 (FW 2.X
(BLN

BACnet MSTP FLN P1/ RS485

(FLN

P1 ATEC P1 PPM
IC BT CPS P1 TX/IO Technologies / CPS -Training
Building
BACnet system VS P2 system

APOGEE BACnet SYSTEM APOGEE P2 SYSTEM

571-010/571-020
571-010/571-020
+ 571-188/571-189
(MLN)

(MLN)
BACnet IP (Ethernet) FW3.X P2 Ethernet /RS485 (FW 2.X

PXC16.2EF/
PXC100/PX
PXC24.2EF/
C00E.A +
(BLN

(BLN
PXC36EF
PXX485.3

BACnet MS/TP (RS485) P1/ RS485

S/TP
t M
ne
(FLN

C (FLN
BACnet ATEC BACnet PPM BA P1 ATEC P1 PPM P1 TX/IO

-I/O
TX IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training
APOGEE BACnet

BACnet MLN

BACnet MLN

BACnet ALN

BACnet ALN

BACnet FLN

BACnet FLN

Case Study

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 Project Information – Region East (1157 pts)

Project Type: Hotel AL

NIC
Point Type: (TOTAL: 1157 pts)
CH
DO: 284 TE
AO: 56 BY
TE
DI: 725 A
D
AI: 9 UP
DS T
E E OR
P
- N UP
S
(PXC+TX- (PXC+UEC+
I/O) PPM)
407,827.92 APOGEE 41% 336,888.86 APOGEE 36% 17%

134,029.23 Sensor 13% 134,029.23 Sensor 14% 0%

325,366.11 Valve 33% 325,366.11 Valve 35% 0%

130,760.00 3rd-party 13% 130,760.00 3rd-party 14% 0%

997,983.27 total 100% 927,044.21 total 100% 7%

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 AL
Project Information – Region North (2211 pts) NIC
CH
Project Type: Office building TE
BY
Point Type: (TOTAL: 2211 pts) E
AT
DO: 501 D
AO: 198 UP
DS T
DI: 1181 E E OR
P
AI: 331 - N UP
S

(PXC+TX) (PXC+UEC+PPM+ BALL VALVE)

819,991.73 APOGEE 32% 717,878.30 APOGEE 33% 12%

293,939.69 Sensor 11% 293,939.69 Sensor 13% 0%

1,037,212.24 Valve 40% 736,096.66 Valve 34% 29%

440,200.00 3rd-party 17% 438,000.00 3rd-party 20% 0%

2,591,343.66 total 100% 2,185,914.65 total 100% 16%

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

 Project Information – Region South (1322 pts) AL
NIC
Project Type: Office building CH
TE
Point Type: (TOTAL: 1322pts) BY
DO: 310 E
AT
AO: 85 D
UP
DI: 865 DS RT
AI: 62 E
E O
- N UPP
S

(PXC+TX) (PXC+UEC+PPM+ BALL VALVE)

377,124.05 APOGEE 57% 333,058.58 APOGEE 58% 12%

77,930.61 Sensor 12% 77,930.61 Sensor 14% 0%

140,070.68 Valve 21% 99,363.97 Valve 17% 29%

62,400.00 3rd-party 9% 62,400.00 3rd-party 11% 0%

657,525.35 total 100% 572,753.16 total 100% 13%

IC BT CPS Building Technologies / CPS -Training

: www.siemens.com.cn/buildingtechnologies

7 1

100102
010-64768888
010-64776360

500 A 7
200082
021-38893889
021-38892815

208
9
510620
020-37182888
020-37182105
IC BT CPSCopyright © Siemens
BuildingSwitzerland
Technologies / CPS
Ltd. -Training
All rights reserved.