MATTER -anything that takes up space and has mass SOLUTIONS, SUSPENSIONS AND COLLOIDS

STRUCTURE OF MATTER •SOLUTIONS

-The atom is the building block of matter -Homogenous Mixture
-All substances are composed of atoms -Appears to be one substance but really are two or more
-Atoms are in constant motion substances dissolved in solvent.
-The combination of atoms leads to millions of different -Evenly distributed
materials with different properties -Contains two components: Solute and Solvent
ATOMS [solute: the one added to solute. Ex: powdered juice
-Smallest unit of matter solvent: the one that distributes the solute. Ex: water]
-Retains all chemical properties of an element -Universal solvent: water
-composed of 3 types of particles: protons, neutrons and DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
electrons •UNSATURATED SOLUTIONS
MOLECULES -Below saturation point
-is formed when 2 or more atoms of any element are held -More can dissolve
by chemical bonds. •SATURATED SOLUTIONS
STATES OF MATTER -A solution in which a solvent is not capable of dissolving
•SOLID any more solute at a given temperature.
-Particles are packed vibrating in a fixed position -No more can dissolve
-Have a definite shape and volume •SUPER SATURATED SOLUTIONS
•LIQUID -A large amount of solute at a temperature it will be
-Particles are tightly packed, but are far enough to slide reduced, the extra solute crystallize quickly.
over one another -Above saturation point, solute gathers at the bottom.
-Have an indefinite shape and volume TWO TYPES OF SOLUTION DEPENDING ON SOLVENT
•GAS •AQUEOUS SOLUTION
-Particles are very far apart and move freely -Have an -Solvent is water
indefinite shape and volume -Solute dissolved in water
•PLASMA •NON-AQUEOUS SOLUTION
-Exists when atoms are in an excited state -Solvent is other than water
-Stars are plasma because of a nuclear fusion Ex: -Solute is dissolved in other substance except water.
lightning, auroras, neon TWO TYPES OF SOLUTION DEPENDING ON SOLUTE
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER •DILUTE SOLUTION
•MIXTURE -Small amount of solute, large amount of solvent
-Combination of two substances that can be separated by •CONCENTRATED SOLUTION
physical means -Large amount of solute, small amount of solvent
-Homogenous & Heterogeneous HOW TO COMBINE SOLUTIONS
*HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE •Mixing -stirring or shaking
-Are well blended, only one phase of matter is present. •Heating
-Unable to separate in mechanical means. •Crushing
-Homo= alike/same •SUSPENSIONS
*HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE -A heterogeneous mixture
-Made up of more than one phase -Some particles settle out of the mixture upon standing
-Hetero=different •COLLOIDS
•PURE SUBSTANCE -The particles are spread evenly through dispersion
-Only one kind of matter medium.
•ELEMENT -Do not settle upon standing
-Made up of one or more of the same kind of atoms
chemically combined.
•COMPOUND
-Made up of different kinds of atoms chemically
combined.