Chapter Respiration

Activity Experiment 2.2: Effect of smoking on lungs.

Aim
Problem statement
Hypothesis
Variables (a) Manipulated:
(b) Responding:
(c) Constant:
Materials Cigarette, cotton wool, litmus solution and matches or lighter

Apparatus U-tube, conical flask, rubber stopper, filter pump, rubber tube, glass tube, retort stand with
clamps and wooden block
Procedure 1. The apparatus is set as shown in the diagram below.
2. The temperature reading inside the U-shaped tube, colour the cotton wool, the colour
of the universal indicator is observed before the experiment is started.
3. Then, the cigarette is lighted up and the filter pump is turned on so that the cigarette
smoke is sucked into the U-shaped tube and the universal indicator.
4. The reading of the thermometer, the colour of the cotton wool and the universal
indicator is observed after the experiment is carried out.
5. Observations is recorded in the table.

To filter pump

Universal indicator

Tabulation of data
Materials Observation
Before After
Thermometer reading (oC)

Colour of white cotton wool

Colour of universal
indicator solution
Discussion 1. Which part of the respiratory system is represented by cotton wool?
…………………………………..

2. Explain the inference of changes occurred:

(a) Thermometer reading ………………. because burning of cigarette releases
…………………
(b) Colour of white cotton wool turns …………………. because cigarette smoke
has …………….
 (c) Colour of universal indicator changes from ………………………. to yellow
because cigarette smoke is an ………………. gas.

3. Based on the inference stated, identify the contents of the cigarette smoke that
cause the changes.

Effect on the lungs Content of cigarette smoke

Dries the lungs

Darken the lungs

Corrode the tissues of the lungs

4. What is the gas in cigarette smoke that may reduce the oxygen content in the inhaled
gas?
………………………………………
5. Name the substance that cause the addiction to smoker.
……………………………………
6.

Peter

Andy

Who is passive smoker? Do you think the passive smoker may face negative effect?
Why?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
Conclusion Cigarette smoke contains cigarette tar (brown-coloured substance) and acidic gases that
damage the lungs. The hypothesis is accepted.

*Any suggestion to improvise the experiment? You may include the suggestion to gain the suggestion mark.