•

A T •

. DE AAIS DA I. ,..
~

j
C A GE 0 Y MO
•T'f"o..l P D y
THE EG PT P 0 A TIO OCIETY

I
94

(If
- ' ... . ' .
• f I f
 •

l l }

I 11 Ian) 11
~
I I I
l I J I l t
I pi J I
r I
buaft U I
1 arr 1f I r t
ll 10 l n II ~ Ill I 1l I I
} n t 1tJ11 I l II I i1
l
Tcwah a .I 6
"11111
out r
~ I 1r .it r ' 1th J1 hclOOUT, tt
• r

T1w Shr• TOMI OF chc pbn Pl. I 111 u

t ' cl rr111h dut th I
o da 11 or n1 n 111 li pr an eh 1 rnl J 1
no of chc Jat<'t' I ra could 1m11 t 1a.td n 1 t 11 1
DI.tut n1h:ab, chc u 'l r. ITill I I \ f. !t I 1m I l I Ill ll r
u I ping . II Bd u '11ini tra I null r c nil t f ha
• • • 1 th 11111 p; 1n1 hJml r I n I 1 1 t. 1f th l J, l 1
alPL • • + ulki c r t d J>3 l nd 11, 1 t 1}1 l 1rul I an l , r l t
• abnapfl "'11 n 1t n1 r IOJ in ( ulc 111 tl1 r: nd rl l '°""'
4'] b ' •

•
•

• • • i6 ant cham " he n out on tl1

plac of tntcr111mt
h nd t m th1
bt-lo\\', B f llou•
• • • • • • ~

• 4
locul for burta1 atn runnrl
• • •
,\J
high up must Ix: a t buri I pi . F • 1f n •
• • • 4S
• • • • • • . are mercl · d pa1n11g d ' ac to
The tomb \Ya da 'er~ b ond 1n ha
pla

clurcd and put i11 rJ b) l11n1. He lso rop1 m t f r t .. ~c.

hr l began to t.ik n tnt t In the tomb, tht publ1 l10l1 ho Wt rt¥ mut1f1tao
wall had ken place either during or honl :aft ha rhcr I f.
b • the robba and w abl to rcplac of thcn1. I then Nd
aurancc, which had air ad · btto tn\•ad b)• an tn nd. lr
at for the II useum of
fiona the f; theoopaa a corw 1•
• du. ttOlk dw analClbGlll focmd 1111 Ow • C.,..aipc ""' . . . m'ially
tbt .... MW! lllCI' \-.w h plw a1 uM!Ott W crw ol W CIMlll!pm. e..illlt •lltril
" • ..,. me ••·wed
1
I hopr ro bt folli "ed en - • d. alibltt z•JOll ro ...... plrioi of
pal w srar'lbr ' • _......
I
 IS
-
 THE RECORDS
river-bank, to long carrying-poles. Thus "vhen the god left or entered his dark retreat it was
on the shoulders of his priests. Besides this vessel which lay on its pedestal in the shrine, the
god al~o possessed a real counterpart capable of taking the water and being to"ved, as the n1odern
dah_ab1el1 often is. It is this real craft \.vhich we see to the left provided \Vith a naos within
which tl1e model bark could be set on its pedestal and be transported, under general acclai1n,
to orl1er t.e1nples across 01· t1p or dovvn the river. Tl1e Lia1nage to this rep1·ese11tatio11 can be
n1ade good fron1 other \!Valls. The two 1nasts in fro11t of the i1aos sho'v tl1at this si111ulates
the great temple of the god. On its long pedestal, or alter11atively 011 tl1e balustrade of tl1e
shri11e, Ran1esses II, as the reig11i11g king of the time, is sho'''n n1aking offering to this deit)r.
The pictures of the bark differ i11 one respect, viz. that tl1e ·fi11ial at prow ai1d stern formed b)r
the ha~vk' s heaLi of Mo11t-Rer, cro\, ned \vith the sun-disk at1d attached to the collar of his
1

hu1nan form, is sometimes rep1·ese11ted as single and sometimes as double. In this particular
picture possibly the profile of tl1e hawk was duplicated as well. The repetition might indicate
that the head was 011 a flat plate attached to each side of the vessel. The two uraei often seen
on t11e single disk of Mont may l1ave pro, ided the god of war with special invul11erabilit)r.
1
1

The rather foolish-looking collar was probably adopted because it resembled the 11eb-sign.
011 the prow of the real vessel two figures offer ince11se, libatio11, and flowers to the god.
One is in ''izier' s dress, the other i11 tl1e robes of a priest. The text overhead re,reals who rhe)1
are: Maki11g ce1zsi11g a11d libatio11 to Mont) lord of On (i.e. Hermo11this, Armant), t!Jat /Je 111ay give
good and pvtre food to t!Je ka of t!Je Osiris) the hereditary lord, the 111ayor-,,iz:jer1 User111011t, born of
Maia1 ( a11d to) t!Je Osiris1 the priest of Mont1 lord of On1 lfuy1 bor11 of Maia. It is surprisi·ng that
2

these t'-VO brothers should be give11 prominence without the co11nexion with the tomb-owner
bei11g stated, for Khans does 11ot appear in the episode. A11y doubt as to the existence of tl1e
vizier Usermont has been settled by tl1e recent disco,rer}, at Armant of a much-damaged stela3
contai11ing a ritt1al prayer to Mont and a h} mn to the same god. The cartouche of tl1e reigning
1

king on it l1as been usurpeli by Harem9ab. Usermo11t is likel)1, therefore, to have been in
office under Tutrankhamun or Ay, but not to ha,,e co11tinued u11der Hareml)ab. No ' 1izi,er of
the first is kno\v11, 011e of the seco11d, a11Ll Prarmesse u11der tl1e last; but by that time there seen1s
to ha,,e bee11 a northern, as well as a souther11, vizier. A similar harking back to digi1itaries
of a former age is prese11teL-l by two other tombs of the sa1ne period. In No. 324 (Pl. xxx111
of- the prese11t volt1me, witl1 p. 46 below) this same vizie1· U ser1no11t is sl1ow11 witl1out any
explicit indicatio11 of his connexio11 witl1 Hatia)r, the ton1b-0"''11er. Again in No. 5I the vizier
Iml)otep is depicted i11 con1pa11}' witl1 his belo,,eJ so11, t!Je lJiglJ-priest of A111u11, J:Iapusonb a11d /Jis
jat/Jer, t/Je /Jigh-priest of A111u11) K/Je11se111!Jab. A real co11nexio11 of tl1e ' 1izier U sermont with
4

the family of Kho11s seen1s probable, but the relatio11sl1ip "''as 11ot supplied to the draughtsma11,
5
being perhaps too dista11t to be defi11ed more closel)r.
Farther to the rigl1t the two tug-boats are seen, secured to tl1eir charge b)7 strong ha\ivsers. But
tl1e readiness with which rl1e Egyptian passed fro1n reality to S}1mbol is ma11ifest in that a naval
officer i 11 each tug is holding it by a tl1in rope i11 toke11 of l1is eagerness to haul t11e barge of the
1 Cf. Lanzo11e, Ditjonario di Mitologia Egizi a,, PI. cxrx, 3 · <=> •

:z Th.e last signs of che name. 0 Q~~ were written ~ver <> 0~~ in.the first ·Occurrence and over~ :~:;;:.~ in the second.
3 Mo11 d and Myers 1 Teniples of Amzatzt, Pl. 101, 3, with pp. 184 f. in .the Text volun1e.. . . .
4 Da,,ies, Two Rantesside T onibs, PI. xv, with pp. 20 ff. [The genealogical problen1 here is further discussed by Lefebvre, H1stoire

d . . t p
. es grati ds pre res, p.
4
6 ff]
·
5 [For further remarks on this topic see below, p. 46 .]

13
 &om the girdle by ornan1e11tal cl1a111!1,
Ill 11ae from the time of T utl1111o~ ls JII
ic u a case for the apparatus of :\!itt o·
nly it might hold pall)rfl of s1,clt~
• 1'his does not point to aslro110111).
of me king. perhaps 011 tl1c d:t} of
tbia when he 1s acting as 1'r1cc.t,

laold. For the1n thr pr1c:;ts

eclse of the wcsttrr1 "itscrt rit
, 65: 'But cvc11 so, tl1crc
' rwo RamtSSltU Tot11bs.
164); to be restored,
of Tuthmo •~ l.

inlock (loc.
of l would
name, see

• At
 THE RECORDS
goddes , ekl1ber, bei11g 110\\', pe1·l1aps, \\ icl1i11 l1er do111ai11.
1
KJ1011s l1as agai11 placed l1is l~111cl,es
(? ' in chc barge, this ci111e reversing their posicions, so chac Huy is officiating and the vizier
Use1·111011t assisting l1i111. T ucl1111osis Ill a11d Ra111esses II ai·e sl10\i\r11 11011ouri11g ·tl1e g·o d 011 tl1e
'''all of tl1e 11a,os: tl1e ti.tt1l,at·}1 of ·rl1e latter appears .011 cl1e cabe1·11aclcs fro11-i ,,,]1icl1 offe1·i11gs ~lr,e
111ad,e 011 tl1e tiepartt1rc a11d at·1·i,,aJ. of rl1e goti. T11e tt1gs a1~e getti11g tl1e l1a"''sers 111~1de fast a11d
1

t11e 111aru1es are ag.ai11 gi,1i11g a displa)' of rl1eir trai11i11g i11 ar111s. 011e seems to l1a\1 e k11ocked
his oppo11e11t' s staff~ fron-i l1is grasp, so tl1at tl1e 0111)' d.efe11ce l1e can offer is a ,,,e1·bal 01Je7 It is
A111i"i11 '\\,/Jo git1es \1ictor;1. Tl1e tugs are llOt tl1e sa111,e ~1s befo1·e; judgi11g h)1 rl1e decoratio11 of- tl1e
captai11' s box, cl1ese are l1orse-tra11sporrs of the ar111}' or of t11e king. T '~'O 111e11 111ai.11taii1 the
1

co11ti11ual. offe.ri11g to ·cl1e god. T11e}1 are tlJe cha1"iotee1. of tlJe st·al,le of Usi111arrer-setpe11rer (i.e.
Ra111,esses II), Raria a11d t!Je c/Jarioteer, lia; [the for111er is see11 again at the fu11eral of Khans,
Pl . X\' 1·]. T11ere being 110 roo1n for a captain ot- proper statt1re on the boat, the desig11er has
placed l1in1 011 the shore (vV est Wall). He is t!Je officer (of tl1e ship ?) ' The . . . of Pharaoh'1
2

P s/Je~ bor11 of (?) Jv[aiay.

Here agai11 the arri,1al of the bark is greeted fron1 r11e sl1ore by priests a11d priestesses who
dedicate offerings, these placed i11 tabernacles or, whe11 more modest, in the open. The officiants
ai·e t!Je ste\>.,ard of ( Q11ee11) Ti)1 i1z t!Je estate of A ,11l'un1 t!Je royal scribe, Userplt) vvho casts it1ce11se on
3

the pile from a platter ( so also 011 the tug belovv), and the tomb-owner Khans, here described
as .overseer of [the cattle of] Metzk!Jeprurer) 4 i.e. T uthmosis IV. Khans is accompanied b)' his
n1·o ther [t!Je chantressJ of Mo11t1 lord of 0111 T wosret1 b}' his wife Taiay1 5 by !Jer daz~g!Jter R·iry) and by
a small girl. Other piles of food are served by /Jis father (?) the imy-bnt (?) of Me1zk!Jeperrlr)
Dbutpai and by the priestess of Tjene11et of On1 Ru; the goddess Tjenenet was tl1e co11sort of
6

Mont, \Vho had rooms in the temple of Tud and probably also at Armant ( On) ; t1ote that
priestesses are extremely rare after the Old and Middle Kingdoms and must ha,,e pla}red a
vet}' m .i nor part in the hierarcl1}', almost always ser\ring goddesses. [To the lady Ru r,e fer the
\Vords dauglJter of the chantress of Mo1·1t Mai in front of the first of the four ladies behind her, who
accordingly was her mother. The other three are described abo,,e as /Jer d.auglJte1" ,the .Priestess
Tent ........ , deceased; her da·ughte·r the chantress [of Mo11t] Nes11ub; and her daug!Jter t/Je clJantress
of Mont <Aati. J [Precede11ce is give11 in these legends to tl1e priestess, doubtless because of her
higl1 rank, though in poi11t of fact her figure bri11gs up the rear, round the corner on the West
7
Wall.] The two priestesses in this group of wome11 have sl1aven heads and wear a gown of
special simplicit},· The flower carried by one of the sisters is probably a papyrus umbel seen
.f rom above.
If, on the assumption that the scene is continuous in spite ,o f the intervening border, we turn
1
[Jc is difficult to see how Davies would have justified this relationship. The question-mark is his.]
2
[Substitute the marine; the word wrw is the term describing simple soldiers, or chose \vho performed a like function on board
ship.]
3 [Lepsi·us, Denkmiiler, Text III, P· 263, shows that the cartouche, DO\\' damaged, :read a\\ QQ~; so too Oa, ies's ~urnah note-book.]
1

4 A nore-book shows the central 1 of r111c11 below ~; this title occurs several ti1nes belo\\' in the ro1nb, e.g. PI. XI, bottom,

rigl1t.
s Surel)' the error of son1eone for Muriay, the known wife of Khons [see below, pp. 28 f. J.
6 [A note-book, confirmed by a photograph, gives ~::.~:~as the beginnin,g of this legendi which is quite unintelligible and

can hardly be interpreted as is done by Davies; Ranke, Personennamen, 407, 22, quotes the name D}:iutpai from this tomb, but
this is his sole example. J
7 [Davies regar,ded the first of rhe four won1en behind Ru as a daughter of hers like the rest; this seems clearly a mistake, and

his ·C01111nents have been revised accordingly.] .

15
I

•
 B
. PI . 1
,~, find that the cer en10111 al bar k bas b c
lOU et ~ e~ t of
0
fj · b d ·. l · icd
cl1c 0 11 ':
ea k n rom at aroc a11 ts 111g carr I I ~ a :le tl1e sl1ort s l a 11t1110 . .
. . J T11c barge ia c 1t1s i11 c . o )Ou1i1e)'
o11t, o ne R a'1110. . c, '' alk L1 ., it Sll c. 0 f ] S rl1) a11ocl1er ·111li tl1e cl11· J-
.. . .c A .111 a11 c ( 11 o t , c o u ' ( . e seat
aero cl1e rt' er. co che la11 .i111g- cage 101·I b1 , of . cs priests, . --: l fx , . . . ·.
011e of ,,, 10111 o -i-e t. s 111c e 11se a11 l
1
of chc gcxi. Ic 1s nlec ot1c 1dc rJ1c cc111 p c }' r~ 0 , 1· ..J 5 'd b 1
. d b Tlie)' address rl1e a1)p1·0,1c 1111g goL1 : a 1 ~' j\1/0111
rh c o th er a rr1pl ,·ase of '''atcr a11 a ot1qucc. ,
o~ o 11, c co111e. 011 ast ro111e ro111 . l l .
.. · • r 111ost ort1>1,11ate Je r ea111 111 ? \V

\'try cItar of \ 11s1011 •

. .; gods ex 1itlt a11d t/Je rz te
her ,,,ntc/Je1·s ( ? .3 H er co111pa11) ' °-1 · · .. .
of 111ce11se 1s 111nde r.01.
.J
~font of . ................... for the ka of (?) tbe .. . .. . of the lord of Eg) pt · · · · · · · · N aklitr (:). 1

This close i quire oh cure.• . .

· l f T rl os1· s Ill a11d tl1e main gateY\ a}1 bet\\'ei) 1

The P}'j ons of r11e ren1ple carr} t Ile tttu ar) o u 1111 ..,
71 . _ .e11
them i named Beautiful is his appearing. No\v though the ~lai.n tetnple of Armant ~s of Ptolen1aic
date recent exca\ ario11s l1a\'e sho\v11 rui11s of- earlier bt11ld111gs, tl1e most promtiient of "''l11cl1
1

is in full accord '"'ith the facts. The figure of the hawk protecttn~ the king w~ich is seen against
the pylons is presumably on a perch and carried at the tail of the little procession; there are other
cases too where it faces backwards.
Finally we see the bark at rest in a shrine, as in Pl. x1. Khons pours out a libation in front
of it: Offering incense and cool water doubly pure for the ka of tbe royal spirit, Menkhcperrer, (the
products) of heaven and earth and of that which Jfarpi brings. They are twice pure f or thy ka a11d th)'
ka is satiified with them., viz, bread, beer, cattle, jowl, cloth, incense, oint111ent, various grain and vege-
tables, for thy ka, 0 good god, lord of the Two Lands) Menkheperrer) sotz of tl;e Sun) Tuthr11osis (III) (the
products) of sky and earth, and [whatever is given to? ] 5 the greater a11d lesser enneads) a11d to nll tlJe gods
of heaven and earth, and6 to (?) the royalty (?) of Menkheperrlr) the absolved spirit; tl;at tlJo zt 111Cl)1est gi\1e
all food good and pure, good and pleasant, to thy (sic) ka, thy javourite) the high--priest of 1'1Ie11klJepe1·,·er,
Khons, called To. May he give . ... 7 Though this dislocated text is on behalf of T utl11nosis III,
I take the shrine to be one of Mont, but dedicated by that king. Thus Khans, bei11g ii1 a ren1ple
where his patron has claims on the god, takes the opportunity to invoke blessi11gs on the L-lead
king and, by a side wind, to obtain a share for himsel£ A fragment (Pl. xx) 11as preserveL-l l1is
feet and a curious detail. The bird-soul of Khons is seen accompanying him whe11 excrcisi11g
his priestly functions. I know no parallel to this except its repetition on Pl. .XIV (botto1n,
1 [The ten says clearly 'by', but Davies, realizing that the following speech was addressed to Mont on his r cttrr11 t o his hon1e-
temple at Armant, has not unnaturally emended in into n 'to'. None the less, there is reason to think that the Eg)'prian scribe
meant 'by', see the editorial re111arks on these scenes on pp. 17 f., below.] 2 [Better 'is she', nan1el) On.] 1•

3 (The text after 'walls' evidently becomes extremely hard to read, and the admirable photographs afford but little help.

However, one of Davies's early note-books gives ll ll ll 111 f )' followed by an obscure group which, wirh the slight
e111endation of the last word into g Q••
yields the sense How fortunate are the walls of the gods who are in Anriant.]
4 [The note-book vaguely suggests 1c...1 after it and gives ~ at the bottom of the line, yielding ••. all that happens ( ?) against
the Ostrls To a steward ••• , but one may well doubt whether this is correct. Still more obscure are the last two colun111s, ,,·here
the note-bo~k has nothing exc~t the final •• justifteJ. Doub~ess the name of the second priest was here given.]
s [For this suggested supplying of the destroyed words Davies had simply waerfor.]
6 [If Q't/ is a mistake for or a misreading of Q1 one might render: 0 Menlchepm1r, IMbolJ (bm an) all tbings gool and pure, all tbi11gs
gooJ 11rul swatfar tby ka, that thou mayst Javour the high-priest, &c.]
7 [The note-book gives ,il.i! as the condl1ding signs. This looks as there wae Q,t ad d ••• /1 good burial 011 (the
Wist ef Dehn 11) with sudden breaking off of the text after on.]
 NS CALLED TO
THE TOM B OF KHO ' · · .
~ towarLtS the h1gh-pr1 cst Rar111ose in
.
. I . ,,. l . . n1a\ ' 11~1 , , e !>tOOL . .
fou11dat1011 at A r111a11t. 111 t iat case:, ic ' . t- ·, '" t of r11e R am esseum occuptcLi towards
. · . . .. , r 1e cl11e prtt:s .
• • - - /' • • I' , es s com111 c11 ,
_; , - T Llt 111os1s
. d I . 'd I
a t 111r a cer11at1 ''e to c,011s1 e1·. t 111 t 1st be ac. n11ttel , h · main' purpose has bcen to sl1ow J ow
. . r1de 11ce; t etr . . 1
. - .. · 0 of sttc 1 sce11es as . ·

. . · · er t e ot1twar ' e
~ . , ave 1e l r1es at
. . sen to armon1z t e
J • ' b · e oui1 d for av 1es s tentative surmise
ocee e art er sour o - a . · e "
re trad1t1ona rem1n1sce11ce o t e ld
presence of the ,,11lture-oodL1ess over h ea d seems a ine . d . h b h f; l
·1on is accompan1e eit er y t e a con-ood
0
7 • . . ·
Ki11gdon1 rel1efs ,vherc tl1c king, starting on a campa b ' b
- h 1. 1 I dd
orus ot Be det or else L)\7 t 1e ,,u ture-oo ess o f El-Kab ·
' see now ]EA xxx, 52.J
H • ~ I:>

We must now return to the pictures lying below this series, though but little is left of them.
Those 011 the EAST WALL, SouTH S10E (Pl. x1) are separated from the scene above by the. deep
floral band just mentioned, but this is omitted on the South Wall and doe~ not o~cur in ~he
North Bay. What is preserved on the East Wall shows the owner or his relations being
ministered to in couples. One (or two) such groups are lost to the left of Pl. XI. The first to
be presented depicts the priest Khons and his mother ( ?) having food consecrated to them by
a lector, P9asye. Four women lend their support. The occasion seems to be that of lighting a
1

lamp for the dead, for three candles and two pyramidal tapers are shown, all bou11d round \Vith
red ties ( ?) to hold them together as they burn. Immediatel}, to the rigl1t of this is a scene
2

where Khons, who is called To, sits at meat, this time as overseer of t/Je cattle of A1e11kbepritrer
( i.e. T uthmosis N ) and along with his grandmother ( ?), May, his mother T \\1osr,et, and
3

her daughter the chantress of Mont, Wiay. The name of the officiating son is lost ; Ma}r is styled
the greatly praised of lfatbor, lady of On.
On the SouTH WALL (Pl. x11) the lower register is broken away to the left, so tl1at 'A'e ha,re
only the end of a large pool, almost filled by a square island on which ceremo11ies probabl}1
connected with the statue or mummy are being performed. This recalls an unpublished picture
4

in Tomb 222 where rites are being paid to the mummy, in the presence of Isis, on ai1 island
having flowers growing on its sloping banks; water surrounds the island and on it the bark ,of
the dead is floating. To the right of the pool in the tomb of Khons are representations of the
meal of the dead. In the upper row a son of Khons, the high-priest of Sobk Usemzont, sits ,-.ritb
,
1
[A good ~hotograph ~o~ms all the readings shown ~n the Plate. Unless irr
is a niistake for q};/ and l\JVJ £or ~. Davies's
Ject~r PJ:ias! e cann~t ~e JUSt16ed;. ~ould p~ psy ~e a vocative thou bltsstd one ? The preceding words describing the scene depieted
(Makin~ tt.nsing aml libation to tbe ?srris, the hrgh-prttst of Ml'!1<htperrir, Khons) are exactly paralleled by those a(;compan}•ing the some-
what similar act s~own at _the right end of the same register, and point to the figure to left of the lighted tapers being Khons;
as in the upper register he 1s here high-priest of Mont, of Tud presumably.] 2 c __ D · · ]EA ff.
[F • d th ( )' I , '£ , h uld b -xc av1cs m x, 9
e now XXX1I, 9 .

18
 THE RECORDS
his 111other Ruia and his sister Tjesy) dauglJter of Ritia. The lo,ver scene, \\'itl1
1
a ma11 (?) and
three wome11 as recipients, is almost lost.

WEs: W.ALL, NoRTH S10E. This wall (Pl. xiv) is devoted to the worship of Osiris, the
erstwhile ki11g of Egypt taki11g tl1e pi.ace of 11is successor of tl1e m.oment. Here the kiosk ii1
whicl1 tl1e god is enthro11ed 1nakes a brave splash of colour wit11 its heavy entablature, its gaudy
colun111s of a composite sort such as no architect ever condescended to employ in stone, and
~he screeni11g curtain drooping festoon-like from the top of the columns. The god's throne, too,
is of t11e or11ate false-door type and l1is collar and pectoral i1early cover his body. The latter
is purely decorative; an amulet which depicts his O\Vn \VOrship can have no protective value.
The S\\1ag behind the head of Anubis is again only an excuse for colour in an over-coloured
panel. The epithets of the god are ti1ne-wom and disti11guisl1ed only by faults in grammar.
Tl1e offerings in front of the god are piled up on the four high stands in an impossible way.
Tl1e little sot1l-bird of Kl1011s is agai11 seen catching what drips fro1n the table of the god. The
text appended may be: The soul of the Osiris) the [priest of Mont ?JJ born of ( ?) Twosret) drinking
v.1ater fro ·111 O'Ltt of t!Je water-ja·r ( ?).
The officiant, presumabl)1 Khans, is t1si11g an rankl1-shaped \ ase "''ith a hawk's heal-l on an
1

in,1erted lotus as a co\ er, a11d a bird's head and neck as a spo11t. The skin he '''ears sho\VS the
1

titulary of T uthmosis III, his patron. His unnamed companions are probably his mother, his
son Usermo11t, and his wife Mutiay, judging by Pl. x, belo'l-v, of which this may be a replica.
Mutiay' s two children are adult, though so small; the one is named Kharemweset, second priest
of T uthmosis III, and the other Wiy, chantress of Amlin. For the artist, as for his colleague
of our day, colour and fantasy are everything and reality only a twisted basis for these. He
buries the ladies' sistrums in foliage and makes their 111enyets unwearable by adding the pro-
jecting head of a goddess, \vho, as we learn from that of the girl, is Miit. The son has legs
twice the human length and an overlap to his skirt in v11bid1 the artist has seen an attractive
resembla11ce to a leaf. What texts there were have i1early faded out; indeed, it is doubtful
2

if there was material for filli11g a11y but the first pa11el of columns.

NoRTH WALL (Pl. xv). Khans, being mortuary priest of T uthmosis Ill, depicts ii1 the upper
part of this wall the public parade of the king, as he l1ad done already for Mont. On the right
we see tl1e archaic boat containi11g the naos of the long-dead king to whon1 Khons consecrates
an offerit1g. The vessel is afloat on a T-shaped pool, ending in a walled quay, and is being
towed by a war-ship which displays on the hull the emblen1s of botl1 the falcon-l1eaded Mo11t. and
the ram-headed Amiin. The desigi1 on its standard may yield tl1e name Usera1nii11 or possibly,
by a rebus, that of Ramesses II. The officer in charge of tl1e tug is the_ st~ndard-bearer of the ~reat
regitnent of Menmarrlr (i.e. Sethos I) Usermont; .he makes a burnt offer1n~ towards ~e de1~ed
king. The graining of the sides would show that the boat was p~ank-b~1lt, and with_ foolish
unreality the connecting rope lies slackly in the hands of tl1e captain and 1s made fast, if at all,
to the head of the steering-oar.
1 [The reading Tjesy is very doubtful. At one mo111ent Davies cried to read ...a1< QQ t] VViay as in Pl. xv, botto1n right; but this

seems hardly possible.] . . . .

2 These and all other skirts have the usual folds put in m white on a yellowish ground.

19
 TH E TOMB OF KHONS, CALLED TO
- I - I J· · cl 1 f rJ 1 ~ ''O)'aoe ]1,1s .i rs su1nn1it insc1·ibet1 \\' i tl1 tf1e
Th e P)"'1011 o f t 1e rcn1p e ''' 11c 11 1s 1 goa1 o t: o . _
. . · h - ~ I1e ki 11 o ado1·1110 Amt111~ It n1a ) 7
be tliottol1t
11a111e o f T t1tl1111os1s III a11li a . pa11cl 111 its gate s O'\'~ r b , · ·
0
. . . b
· · ] - 1 · ·,.. J ... I1 · 1 of tl1c waterway JOlt11119'0 tl1e tc111 pl
o f., t Ile11, as t11e S1xcl1 P)' lo11 of Ka1·11ak.1 t so, t 11s ts t lt e a:lll c
2
\\irl1 cl1e Nile, at I1igl1-\'\'ate1· at :111)' 1·ate.
1
• •
· I M k · ' · ~ . .1 0111 e J l)), e1ol1t mortuary priests wl1ose
As 111 t 1e progress of 011c, c11e "111g s statt1e ts "'' C c Ll • o . .
· d · I 1 c ·1
na111cs 111 tcate 10\i\' r 101·ougl1l)l' rl1e 1 ~11111 ), o t- KJ l
io11s 1al
.J1 pt1s.. l1eL1 tts way 111to tl11s bra11ch of t1
_ . . .
1e

hierarchy. Each of these n1en brings an offering the size ot \Vhtch is proporti~nate to his
priority of place. Tv10 lectors of t11e cult of Tuthmosis 111, Khary and Kl arem weset, precede. 1
The rest are :
The high-priest of A111enophis II, N eferl;Otep (the f athcr ~f Khons).
His t\\'O sons, high-priests of T uthn1osis I, Nay and luy; cf. Pl. x r, top, and see P· 14, n. 7
ad fi11.
His son, the lector of king [ An1cnophis II (?)], Mcnt[l)otpe
3
J.
[His sonJ ........ of An1e11opl1is II, T o. 4

His son, high-priest of- Sobk, Usermo11t.

In the same way a group of vvornen, chantresses of Mont, act as mourners for the dead king
and are met h}' five others, representing the temple of Amlin, to which he comes, and sent out
to mourn with those that mour11. A little edifice inscribeL1 for tl1e ki11g indicates tl1e hospitalit)'
prepared for him. 5 On the otl1er side of this the wome11 1·aise 11ands and sistrums i11 \''elcorne.
The approaching group i11cluLies ... ia )' ; .... nofret (?), the Llat1gl1ter of Maa11y; [ the11 perl1aps
Mut[iay], and after a gapJ Tayse11; Maia; Umero; Hent11ofret. The five m eeti11g tl1e111 are
perhaps daughters of T wosret rather than of Mutiay; they i11clude Maia, W osri, a11Li Maat1)',
daughter of Tentiunet. Mutia}7 may have precedence here o\rer T "'osret as being a cht111t1~ess
of Anzun, in whose temple they are; sl1e is stated to be (leader) of tlJose w!Jo be,.vail. Bel1i11c1 l1er
1 6

T wosret and her daughter T entiunet, .b oth of them chantresses of Mont, make offeri11g.
The lower part of the wall is devoted to a vet}' differe11t sce11e, i11 ~vhich Khans' s lesser role
7

of overseer of the cattle of T uthmosis IV is concerneL1, and here, as if i11 this capacit}, fan1iliarit)'
8
might be used, he is called merely To. Accompanieti by his wife Rt1ia, his son, \>..'erb-priest ai1c{
lector of Mont, Usermont,9 a11d his daughter, Wiay, he sits i11 a11 arbour with a flat roof ,,,}1icl1, if •

one took the picture seriously, might be of reeds smeared witl1 mud (blue 011 gree11). A sta11dard
is fixed in the ground inside, as also outside under the trees. It appears to be tl1c 11a111e of tl1e
estate from which the cult of the king was financed. It contai11s the cartoucl1e of T utl1111.osis IV
1 [Son1e doubt is thrown on this in the editorial comments, above, p. 18.J
2 This pool is not chat shown in Davies, Tomb of Nifer-botep, Pl. XLII, since chat had had to make '''a}r for the Ra1nesside l1)rposr)1
le
hall. Bue chis quay may be the extant one at the end of the dromos of sphinxes of Rarnesses II. No such \Vater\\'a}r see111s to l1a\ e 1

led to either temple of the king on the west bank at this date.
3 The names of both king and priest are doubtful here; so, too, was that of the king in Pl. x 1 •
4 [Perhaps Khons himself, though not elsewhere named as a priest of Amenophis n; at all events Usern1ont follo\\'ing \\'aS 3

son of Khons. J
~ The text on .the left ~s been alt~red by the i~sertion of chan~ress ( ?) a11d lord of the two lands in tbe ..• ; perhaps to rectif}r
epithets of the king, possibly to substitute an opening of the description of Mutiay.
6 [According to Wb. I, 117, 15 ff.; 118, 2 ff. iby can signify either a cry of joy or a cry of grief.]
7 [Perhaps substitute 'earlier', see below, p. 2 7. J

s _Proof ~at this is an alt~native name h~ been fo1:1°d in Pl. x1 and elsewhere. I<hons may have received this soubriquet
o~mg to his reverence for his grandfather T1oy, of which name To is an abbreviation (Sethe in zAs xuv, 92) . (Against this
view seep. 27, near top.] 9
An error; Usern1ont the son was chief priest of Sobk. [But see below, P· 2 s, n. 3 .J
20
 THE REC 0RD 1

fr~n ed
1 in a corner a1~d greeted by the goddess Maree.' 1-0 is addrcs ing eh h rd n1en ,vbo
bring the cattle and their young for his inspection. He says: j\1a;1 l\10111 shov.1 ;•011 fa,1011r. 1-hc a11i111als
of th~ god are t/Jriving. Bring this calf to the te111plc. ] t is not: ar all easy ro find rhe calf in question,
but It can be seen at the far end of the lo\\1er ro,v, doubled llP in a net and looking nlore like
111 11
a 0 ke) t11a11 a ca1£ Tl:ic pleasa11t escape of rl1e cl1icf p1·iest f1·0111 r11e gloo111 of a tc111ple i11ro
7
1

1
cl e opc11 fields is suggested b), r11e b1·ar1cl1i11g tt·ees '"'J1icl1 ope11 a11d close rl1e le\ el ' 'ista. ] 11 tl1e 1

uppe1· ro''' cl1e peasai1t i11 ,cJ1argc, tlJe 1·ii11·aljoie111a11, Kaka, pt~ostrares l1i111self before l1is e111plo)1e1·.
T11e .a11i111als i11 his cl1a1·ge are la11k) a11d scra \l\'Il)' to ca1~icact11·c a11d rl1cre are 11ot 111a11) cal \ cs
1 1

ru1111111g, but si11ce Mo11t, T 0 a11d tl1e artist '''ere pleased \l\'itl1 tl1e111, \\'e ougl1t i1ot to be a~itical.
1

Tl1e i11e11 cart·}' the ab11or111al a111,ou11t of 'va.te.r ,,,J1i.cl1 t11e f ellal1 absorbs i11 place ,o f food, a11d
nets to bri11g back \1\1eakli11gs or fodder. Tl1e scco11d f ore111;111, N efe1~sekl1rt1, is as obseguio·us ,as
l1is fe.Ilo'1''· He has fewer ki11e to look after, bt1t witl1 tl1ree 11el pers c111Li a L-log 11as a11 easy task,
tl1ougJ1 a flock of goats is adL1eci. Se, eral of tl1e latter l1ave tl1ose twi11 caru11cles wl1icl1 rl1e
1

fellah co11sid,ers tl1e sigi1 of a gooci breed.

EAST WALL, NoRTH SIDE (Pl. xvi). The upper part is reser,red for a ''er}r terse a11d 'bare
depictio11 of the di, ine judgen1ent hall. T ~vel,,e deities for1n a cou11cil with Rer at their '11ead
1 2

a11d tl1e deceased and his motl1er ( ?) at the rear. Tl1e last 1na)r count it a good sigi1 tl1at tl1e}'
are gi,1e11 something to eat \·\ l1ile tl1e)r '''air. Finall)r, ha,ring stOOLl tl1e test of the bala11ce, tl1e}1
1

are led b)r Horus, son of Isis, to his father Osiris with the pro11ou11cement :3 T/Je Osiris KIJ011s,
/Jigh-,priest of Me11k!Jeperrer1 lJas co111e to 011es for wlJoni (?) riglJteoits11ess is itpon /Jis nzoitth and rig!Jteo1ts-
11ess i1.po11 /Jis ha11ds. He 11ever '\\>roug!Jt wicked11ess (against) t!Je great 011es in tlJis land) a11d tra11sgres-
sit1114 !Jt1S 11ot bee11 joit11d i11 !Ji111. He did what the kirzg desired a11d t!Jat tvit/J \VlJic!J t!Je g<)ds are
pleased ( eme11li hrrt). His !Jeart /Jas co111e fortlJ J-i·tstified (m1rgrvv) ; he /Jas 1zot bee11 acczttsed (srb·f ?);
he /;as 11ot bee11 fou11d si1if11l; t!Je great E1·111ead ( ?) of the gods i11 t!Je /Jalls of T1-ittlJ 1-ejc>ice g1·e1atl)1 o\1e1~
a jittst 111a11 pro11i11g jitst ( ?). There follo'"' some brief r1otes: His 111otlJer t/Je c/Ja11t1·ess of l\1.011t1
Ttvosret. T/;e g1.tardia11·c>f t!Je balt111ce, A1114lJis, (sa)'S ?)1 'TIJ)' qualities a're sc1tisjt1cto1)1'. The l1ig/J-priest
of Sobk) User111011t1 so11 of KIJ011s) (sa;1s), 'T!Jt1-i~ co1nest \Vit/J acquittal (?) . . . .) Tl1is trial ot- the
t-·lead is attended, curious I)' enougl1, b}1 the f amil)', and it is l1is n1other, not his \vife, '''ho1n
Kl1ons selects to share l1is absolt1tio11.
Tl1e lowet. sce11e supplies tl1e actual bt1rial "''ith tl1e usual adju11cts the porticoed ton1b \¥itl1
p)rra1nidal superstructt1re, tl1e stela i11scribed ,,,ith a pra}1 er for recitatio11 b)' '''ell-'''ishers, tl1e
t~'O coffi11s, t11e mournu1g \i\Tite Mutia}1 at1d daughter W[ia])1( ?), the lector 'Khar)7, \i\1110 pro-
nou11ces the usual formula of purificario11, tl1e lecror Khare1nweset '"'110 inakes the i11agical passes,
the chest of 11is instruments, the priestl}1 son Usermo11t "''ho reads tl1e spell for ope11i11g t/Je 111014t/J
of t/Je Osiris) t/Je /JiglJ-priest To) but "''ho begi11s Ho, Osiris, priest Kho11s) ai1d six 111our11i11g '\ vo111e11 1

w/;o weep. T11e spells read aloud are t11e traditio11al 011es. 011 the extreme rigl1r is t11e bier,
headed b)r a procession. A n1ai1 purifies tl1e patl1 of tl1e priest To \i\7ith milk, sa}ri11g four ti111es
1 The nan1c, fra 111ed as in a palace \\'ind0\\1 and fi1cing Maret, n1a}r, b}1 a rebus, give tl1e na111e or-his mortuat)' ten1ple as Shespet-
Maret. That of Amenophis II had been Shespet-ro11ekh. . .. _. .
z [The}' appear co be Atuin, Shu and T phenis, Mo11t and TJenenet, next t\\1 0 doubtful, the11 Os1r1s, Haroer1s, Isis, Nephthys,
and another dubious goddess.]
J [The Editor has ,·entured to n1odif)1 Da\ ies's rendering of this \ ery faulty passage at se, eral points.~
1 1 1

4 Oa,·ies ga\•e as rendering spoker1 evil, but perhaps A~ Gq ;~~should be emended.

21
 THE TOMB OF KHONS, CALLED TO
Doubly purt !. The co\v lacks the rope, and her calf, the foreleg ~f which, follov.iing_ a barbarou
111
custom, has been severed, lin1ps along v.•ich bleeding stun1p.'_ Six en repres_entatives of holi
cities ( ?) draw the bier, perhaps aided by an atcad1cd tean1 111 tbe lowest rcg~ster. La111ent ing
men are identified as ( 1, 2) wCrb-priests and lectors of the ten1fle of Mo'.zt, Nebamun and Uscnnont,
both of them sons of T entiunet; (3) their father .. · · Raria, with tbe same office; (4) the
werb-priest of Mont Pshed, son of Maan)1. Two v.•ome11 follow; they are wrongly called the
2

charioteer Raria and the high-priest of Sobk) User111011t respecti\ ely.

7

THE SECOND DooRWAYJ leadi 110 co the Passage lJas lost its i11ciseLl jambs, bt1t l1as i·erai 11 ed
the lintel (Pl. xix, cop} The scei~ is formal, the fa111ily making offering, with na·ive self.
interest, to Osiris and Isis 011 tl1e rigl1t a11d to Rer-I:-J,arakl1ti and A11ubis 011 tl1e left. I 11 tl1e
latter case the text reads: Ojferi11g all good a11d pitre food to tlry ka, 0 livi11g god) f or t!Je ka of t!Je /JiglJ-
p-riest of Me11kheperrer) Kho1is. Bel1i11d him is t/Je house,..·111istress1 t!Je cha1ztress of A111u11) Maia) wirl1
a small daughter; after then1 con1es /Jis (?) so11, t/Je seco11d priest of Menk/;eperrer, K/Jare.111~1fsct.
On the opposite side the legend reads: Givi11g~ praise to thy ka, Osiris 011r1ophris) pri11ce (of eter11it)1)
for the ka, &c., as before. As name of the woman was perhaps originall} writte11 [or begu11] His 1

mother T wosret, to be followed by overseer of the /Jorses of the lord of t/Je two lands, User111c>11t; there
has been some unintelligible alteration, and in the first of the three short columns 've ca11 disce1·n
His son, the head of the stable, as in Pl. x.
The South Reveal of this doorway retains only the feet of a priest followed b)7 those ot- a
woman and of a man, facing outwards. [However, Jsome special!y interesting fragn1ents (Pl. 2C~I,
top left) seem connected and must belong here. On one we have the titles of a vizier ... .. higlJ-
priest of Maret and mayor •....• adjoining a baton ( ?) on which, strangely enough, the ope11i11g
words of a ritual prayer are written. With this must go the bald head of a large figure a11d still
more certainly the upper hem of a vizier's robe, with the characteristic suspe11di11g cord a11d
ribbon and a hand grasping a handle. This must be the personage of whom the famil)1'vere so
proud, the vizier Usern1ont, already met with in Pl. XI (see p. 13). [Davies hesitate<.i 1nt1ch
about the fragments of inscription now shown behind the here-mentioned figure of tl1e \ izier, 7

· ing at one moment that they might have come from the South Wall of the Passage. 011e
can still read some titles that do not occur elsewhere in the tomb, viz...... j at/Jer of tl;e gt1d,
beloved of the god, over the secrets of ...., and below this, •••. [of] the lord of tlJe two la11ds, i 11 t/Je /Jeart
of [his lord] . . . . . in On,. werb-priest • • • • •J
The North Reveal has under the Anubis frieze the remains of some short colum11s ot- l1ie1·0-
glyphs refening to the figures of Khons, a son of his and a woman carrying a bouquet (Pl. ~'{I,
top right). We can still read ••• His son, [the high-priest of] Sob~ User1nont. His 111otlJer, tlJe grentl)'
praised of the lord of eternity, the cbantress of Mont, [Ruia].5
•

THE PA~AGE. Just inside the doorway on the

was a harper, who is to be recko11eL1 to rl1e
scene on the SouTH WALL. There the whole of the upper part has been removed save for
1 See above Pl. v and for further references p. 9, n. S·
s [So Davies, who made a slight slip, here corrected, in reapea: of the namea. But aarely it is meii who are depicted, differi11g
a
only from those in front of them in that the latter are priests and me1efaie MM 1111 leads.]
J [l:rom this point onwards only rough notes have baa uaileble.]
• For enamel •.• and for T~ ••• possibly l;a'&t.
• The tatorations are from Pl. ut, boaom, c'1 M
 THE RECORDS
scraps of the frieze, and not n1uch is left of the lo\ver. The scene V\'as very formal. Three men
were shown seated on lightly built chairs with stands of food in front, and to then1 ministered
two standing men, the first of the1n a priest. All the n1en wore sandals. Some fragments of
inscription have been fitted into their probable places in Pl. xvrr, below. From these it would
appear that the first seated man was the tomb-0"1-vner hi1nself: ... to thy ka, [thou overseer of cattle
of] Menkheprurlr, [Khans], deceased, high-priest of Mo11t, Iord of [Djorry?], . . . . . . . Among the words
of the officiant all that can be recovered is ... to thy ka, thou greatly praised of A111U11 (and of) Mont
lord of ..... .
011 the NORTH WALL onl}1 tin), scraps at top and bottom exist, and the latter is broken b)7 a
complete gap not tar fro111 t11e entrance. Fartl1e~ alo11g a woman's foot is seen upon a mat
(Pl. XVII, top). After anotl1e1· gap tl1ere may be the traces of the base of a naos, the top of which
is preserved under tl1e frieze. Outside this naos there was depicted a tree and then a man ( ?)
,i\,itl1 J1is back to it. [Tl1e true explanatio11 of this scene, subsequently lost sight of by Davies, is
\ ouchsafed b}' so1ne inscriptio11s preserved in a note-book that was kept in ~ur11al1.
1 1 On the

1i11tel of the naos ran tl1e inscription: ~~~~!+ ~~@t""j~J ::- ~r: 1 ~·""'.-9-&~~~
[The 2

Horus) Stro1zg Bi.ill], K/Jare111wiset) t/Je Ki11g of Upper a11d Lower Egypt) Menk!Jeperrir; /Je r1zade (it) f or
/Jis jat/Jer Mont, gi\1e11 life like Rer. This shows that the t1aos represents the temple of Mont,
,,,J1ere Khans was the l1igh-priest. Adjacent in the note-book are the topmost signs of some
\rertical columns, whicl1 must have been visible above the man in front of the tree and the naos
ai1d n1ake it clear that he was the high-priest himself i11 tl1e act of receiving a bouquet:

~ ~ if~~ bouquet Jlf ~ ~

~~ ~ D r1 i IQ>

~~
~ ~ ~1 ~ (read .d~ ~)
~~~~
Receiving a boiJquet ........... (who) loves to gi·ve .......... a good old age to the Osiris, tlJe high-
priest [of Mont, K/Jo11s, justified]. Of the columns to the left tl1ere are left only the initial "''ord
By and the sign for Thoth (Dl)ut- ...), possibly the begi1111i11g of a personal 11ame.]3

THE THIRD DooRWAY projects slightly ai1d is cor11iced. The li11tel and jan1bs 011ce carried
incised polychrome texts starting from the ce11tre ai1d ru1111i11g along a11d dovvn in opposite direc-
tions; [only enough remains to sl1ow tl1at 011 tl1e left tl1e ritual formula '~'as addressed to I)
4 1

Harakhci and ~~t'tfil~~:.~ ,;:!~[1 ' 1]~ • ••• ~ lord of

(2) Amun, ,a11d on tl1e right to ( r) Osiris
the Sacred Land, lord of eternity, beneficent god of the Ennead . . . and (2) Anubis ~ ~ ~ ~ lord ::i ....
J.
of Rostaw, upon . . . . . . Each narrow space outside tl1e jambs was decorated '~1 itl1 ,a brightly
coloured bouquet in paint.
Both REVEALS beyo11l-l this have lost everythi11g, except that at each im1er end sits a lad), facing
outwards with one or more small figures beside l1er. Eve11 thus much is very broke11.

1 [On P· 52 of a notebook labelled Prlcis of Theban To~nbs, 3.] .

2 (The last signs are marked with a query, and we~e ~v1dently .thought uncerta~n.J
3 (The only other personal nan1e in the tomb beg1nn1ng thus 1s the problematical D~urpay, see above, p. 15, n. 6.]
4 [Prlcis, loc. cir.]

23
 THE TOMB OF KHONS , CALLED TO
THE ANTECHAMBER, as described above, p. II, was small and rough, and covered with yellow-
washed plaster. It is of i11terest only as leadi11g to cl1e SJ1rit1e.
THE SHRINE, front view of whid1 is shown in the photograph Pl. XLI, top. The framing of the
door was only roughly built up in painted tnud. The jam~s are lost, but on the lintel worship of
the dog Anubis by Khons and a lady is depicted on each side of a central colu~n of l~st. text. A
broad border of polychrome chequer runs around the framing, but above the lintel this 1s forced
on to the ceiling. · . .
Inside the Shrine the paintings have one surprising feature. There is nothing worthy of much
remark on the Back Wall (Pl. x v111, left), where O siris, his body ~end~rly s~pported_ by Anubis,
as though the latter scarcely trusted his own work of reconstruction, is p~r1~ed by _incense and
water at the hand of Khons; the scene is distinguished from hundreds of s1m1lar designs only by
its coarse and bold execution a11d by the gaudy brilliance of the colouring, for which scope was
offered by the leopard-skin, sash, sporran, and libation vase of Khons; a twist of lotus-flowers
obligingly floating out into a vacant space of the design is characteristic of this ·baroque period.
But on the South Wall (Pl. xv111, right) the divinity to whom Khons, surnamed To, makes an
offering of lotus and papyrus is no other than King N ebl)epetrCr-Mentbotpe of the Eleventh
Dynasty. The reason for the appeara11ce·of that king ""'as 11ot the family interest in mortuary
1

cults, nor yet in the first instance atl}' reverence for the great Theban rulers of bygone ages; the
reason was rather that the temple of this particular monarcl1 lay und~r the western cliff and con-
tained the chapel of the cow-godliess fjat~or. Thus he sta11lis for the W est·just as she so often
2

does, and the present representation forms a pendant to tl1e picture, too rough ai1d too much
damaged to have been thought ·worth reproducing, of Kho11s worshipping the goddess of the
West, the scene that occupied the North Wall.

3. THE FRIEZES
In the South Reveal of the Entrance (Pl. x) and 011 thr,ee sides of the H all (Pls. XI, XVI) the
frieze above the pict11res shows the common Ramesside type of a couchant Anubis alternating
with two kheker ornaments. This pattern is repeated 011 both sides of tl1e Passage (Pl. X\111) . The
group diminishes in size as the available height contracts. On the W est Side of the Hall tl1e
frieze consists of two Jed-symbols in polychrome alter11ati11g with two colum11s of text (black
on yellow) giving the titles of the tomb-owner or of relatives of his, the ,vhole co11tained be-
tween two horizontal block borders; the black hieroglypl1s are onl}' occasionally preser\1ed.
South of the doorway there are ten such panels of text, but 011ly the four sho·,i\111 in Pl. XIII pro,1ide
an · g of interest. On the North Side there are five panels, but only the i1a.m e of Khons
(twice) and high-priest on a third panel can be read; on this side the space tapered away, and half
the length is occupied, as often in such cases, by the rippling coils of a serpe11t, here ,i\,ith an
offering before it making it into a divinity.
1 [The accompanying text starts with the words: Tah to tbyseif, it being placed (at) tby nose, [this bouque,t ef] A111c11-Rcr, lord of
btoven • •.•J
:& So in Tomb 2 77, where King Menc}:iotpe and his black wife Neferys are displayed over the passage descending co the bt1ri1l

vault, along with a picture of the mummy being carried down for intern1ent; behind the two royal stat ues is the Co,v e111erging
from the mountain. There is no other reason for the appearance of Mmt9otpe here. For this picture see Foucart, in Biill.
11111. lg., v, s&. XI, 261 if., with Pl. I, and better in Hera1an11,s article Min. la Jntscbm Inst• •••• in Kairo, VI, Pl. 6, c.
 THE FRIEZES
Such frieze inscriptions as th .c . · d
· ose aiore-1ne11t1one tnost1)' co11fine themsel,res to the titles and
.
name of the tomb-owner a11d l1is~ w11e. ·c H ere t h e me11t1011· of severaI different
· - ·
perso11aoes 01.ves our
tomb
. the character
· of a fa ·1 1- S · fi I ·
· m1 Yto1110. tart111g rom t 1e rigl1t tl1e four pa11els co11ta111 the follow- · <::> <::>

1no
o
lege11ds·
· I
~ .' TlJ 0 [ · · l 1• 1 · "\!]
e . s zrts t Je 1J1g1J.-przest <?; M kh
eJt eperrer K!Jo11s) borrz of t!Je clJantress of Mo11t T wosret;

II~, The Os1~1s the high-priest of <"Akheprurer Nejer{JOtep; his wife the chantress of Mont Twosret; IV,
His son t~e hig~-priest of <"Akheperkarlr Iuy; his 111other the chantress of Mont T wosret. For the identity
and relat1onsh1ps of these people see the special section below, pp. 26 ff.

4. THE CEILINGS
T ~eaunent of this subject i~ apt ~o be very dull when coloured plates cannot be provided, but
this tomb affords an exception, s111ce tl1e soffit of the E11trance a11L1 tl1at of the Third Doorway
are decorated with fI yi11g birds i11stead of the usual geon1etrical patterns. Tl1e outer pa11el 1

(Pl. xx, ce11tre) is less attracti\re, bt1t n1ore reasonable, since the pigeons ( ?) that fill it in strict!}'
ordered arr,a}1 might be supposed to be hovering in a yellow sky overhead. The birds are light
blue witl1 white m1derparts and red leos b
aoainst
b
a }'ellow oround
t:>
·
'
possibl''
J
there were butterflies
'
in cl1e interspaces left b}' the twelve birL-ls. The panel is surrounLiel-l b)' a chequered border of
blue, red, blue, green, blue, red, a11d blue squares. The birds meet one as one enters, as indeed
they 1ivould if one entered a tomb inl1abited b)' nati\1,es 110,valia}rs.
T.l1e i1111er soffit (Pl. XIX, botto111) is more pleasing, if less appropriate to the situation. Here
the birds are liucks; flyi11g irregularly over i1ests built in clt1mps of poppies, ma11drakes, a11d cor11-
flowers. Grassl1oppers are to be see11 l1ere and there. It is as tl1ot1gh the birds were alarmed by
an intruder. The border is plai11. lt makes a bright pictt1re, pai11ted sketchil}' on a rougl1 vvl1ite
surface, but is, of .course, visible 0111), whe11 one is directl}1 be11eath the low ceiling.
In the Hall the usual }'ellow ba11ds (void of text) to.r m t.\VO pa11els in each 'ba·)'· The pa11els are
filled with common patterns, t11e 011e a chel1uer of quatrefoils 011 )'ello''' alternati11g '"'ith black
ones on r,ed, the other ( to the ,east) for1ned l1}7 blue le11toids on red. The axial spac,e had some-
thing different, possibly birds. The soffit of the Second Door'''a)' is adorne,d '''ith bm1cl1es of
grapes ai1d vine-leaves in alter11ate squares.
The ceiling of the Passage is sligl1tl)' cambered. Tl1ree ba11ds '''itl1 black texts 011 )'ellovv
divided it into two panels. Tl1e texts at tl1e sides are show11 ii1 Pl. xx. That starti11g from the
middle of the east end a11d proceedi11g to the left of a ''isitor faci11g tl1e Entrance, the11 do,\111, and
ending in the middle of the west end, reads as follows: A ritual offering to Osiris-Khenta111entet, the
great god, lord of To-djoser, ( to) Pta[J-Sokar within the secret shrine, (to) Res-wedja in front of Rostav.'.,
2

(to) Anubis (in Jront of) the god's booth, (to) N ejertl111 ( and to) Horus-lf.eknu, the ~r~at god upon 1~1s
....., that they 111 ay grant a sight of all the secrets of the underworld, entrance and extt.111 the necropo~is,
and that bis soul be not turned back at any of the gates of the underworld, for the ka of lnn1 greatly praised

A
- k· ";
nzen,.Rer, ing °-' the gods, the great god, 111aker of
'J
all t/Jat 1s,
t/Jat lJe 111ay gra11t 1ne to see /J111z in tbe
cc f d 'eh a somewhat sirnilar design see Davies, Tonib of Neftr-potep, Pl. LVI and the references op. cit.,
• For th e some o a oorway w1 . . . . . . PI
I fr Tomb 1 5 is shown in colour Nina M. Davies, Ancrt1Jt Egyptian Paintings, • Cl.
p. 16, n. 30. The examp e om 9 .. .. 1 J
i [He who awaks hale, a name of Osiris, see Worttrbucb der ag. Spracbt, 11, 451, 14.

25
E
 •

THE TOMB OF KHONS; CALLED TO

· 11 ce t!Jat /Je 111 a caz tse o e1-i11 s to

· ' · ed . · · · · · · · · · ., t Ja t t Je lJa11
iiice 11 se 111t1 e 111a e i t11to J1111 as iti1t
. . - / sit e . not er 111e o t
d J 1
repro ucea 011 t ..11s p~1ge· (F io 4)
b. · '
was..
fot111Li
_
1n tl1e
.
note-book ept
· 1·
at Kt1r11a}
· 1
'
W 1
but is abs·e11r fro111 r11e otl1er note-book t1·0 whicl these cei g texts l1ave
111 111
~L
~
~~
•
b l . b M _ Da,,ies. it 111 t 1st be tl1c legend of the central band
ee11 t.1ra '"'11 out · )' . rs. ' _ . I .
~ • ..
49
d 1· ' ' lL1111g,
· .J • b d
as a o,,e state , the ceilino
, b ot the Passaoe
· b
i11to two pa11e s, tl1e \VOrLis

real : rtti:ta o er111g o . J

tlJe rzecror1olis) . . ....... ( illegible?) for the ka of the high-priest of Mo11t of

=

' .J_:
~ r
1 lord
' cC Djorty (TuLi), T1_1.] . .

'ii either side, a.:.chcguer pattern of quatrefoils, alternately black on yellow with
- 1'
red ce11tre a11Li four spots, and red on wl1ite with black centre and spots.
---

'9:
5. KHONS, HIS FAMILY AND ASSOCIAT ES
[An atten1pt to establish the genealog}' of Khons may be found i11 A. Weil' s
book on the vizier of Egypt, his authority for the names being the copies of
2

the tomb i11scriptio11s n1ade by Sethe for the purposes of the Berlin Dictionat)r.
•
I
Davies' s papers comprise a nu111ber of similar attempts, but these bei11g un-
I
I
I dated, it is hard to determine his t1ltimate conclusions. In such circumstances
I

the only practical course seemed to be to in,restigate rhis and the cog11ate prob-
lems with some degree of independence, though, of course, e' 1 er)1 eftort has been
made to check the results here reached with those that had at one time or anotl1er
i~ commended themselves to Davies himself. Apart from the ''iz ier User1no11t
c :
•
"
~

• LT ( see above, p. 13), none of the men and wome11 n1entioned in T oni.b No. 31
appears to be kn0wn from any other source. That this vizier, "''110 n1a)' l1a,1 e
•••
held office under Tutrankhamiin, was connected witl1 the famil}' of Kho11s is
a ---h probable from his mention in the tomb, fron1 the recurre11ce of l1is 11ame as
that of several persons belonging to the family, and from the i1a111.e ot- his
FIG. 4·
mother Maia, borne also by one of the wives of Khons.
Khons himself, the owner of the tomb, was usually designated by that name, in fact i 11 all our
Plates except XIV, where his figure is unaccompanied by any legend, and xvn, xx1, where ,ve 11a,1e
but the merest fragments. T 0 this name is thrice appended I c:::;, ~ called To, where is of a a
course for ~~AA ( Pls. XI, bottom; x111, upper half, in text; xv1n), and sometimes the alt~r11ati,,e
name To stands alone (Pls. XI, bottom, further to the right; xv, below; xvi, below, on tl1e ritu~:il
papyrus and again further to the right; ceiling inscription, above, Fig. 4). There are strong
reasons for thinking that the ~ ~ ~ ~ Tjoy mentioned in a panel of the frieze in Pl. XIII (see above,
p. 25) was yet another alternative name; for not only does its bearer receive the title bigb-priest of
1 (On PI. xx che signs i 11?/ have been omitted by mistake from between ~ and the cartouche.]
2 [Die Vt(.itrt Jes Pharaonenreiches, p. 103.]
 KHONS, HIS FAMILY AND ASSOCIATES
Menkbeperrlr, _rhe commonest of those attributed co Khons, and not only is be accon1pa11ied by a
\\'Oman bcaru1g che name and title of one of Kl1ons' s '\\•ives (for Maiay, see belo,v), but also in
1:"on1b 23 a man called Tjoy is frequently described as called To, and Sethe (ZAS XLIV, 92) has
rightly recognized in the alternation Tjoy- To one of those stereotyped pairs of na1ne and nick-
name ( cf. Robert and Bob in English) to which he '\\•as the first to dra\v attention. Only once in
D~vies's n1anuscript notes docs he appear to have had an inkling of t11is explanation; for hi1n
TJO}' was possibly the fat11er of Khons' s father Nefetl)Otep, an hypothesis which has nothing to
recomme11d it. 1

The principal office of Khans ,,..,as chat of ~ U-@1"·"1~ high-priest of Men kheperrer (i.e.
1
T uthmosis III), se,e Pis. x, t\~1 ice; xv, top; XVI, both top ai1d bottom; xv111; x1x; xx, c,eiling
inscription. In this capacit}7 11e appears to ha\ e been exhibited Pl. xv11, at top (see p. 23) , but much
1

more clearl} is he seen fu11ctio11ing thus i11 tl1e top register of Pl. x.v, ,vhere the statt1e of tl1e dead
1

king is to\ved b) boat to tl1e pylon of his temple, whether it was at Karnak, at Arma11t, or tl1e
1

'~rest ba11k ar Thebes; 011 the diffia1lt)r of deciding this issue sec abo\'e, pp. 17 £; 20, n. I. W elcomi11g
the r '0 } al barge i11 the same sce11e are six priests, of whom the last but one is named To a11d bears
1

rhe title ~--·· .~@t $f 11] [lJiglJ-priest of] '.AklJepritrlr1 i.e. Amenopl1is II; and since l1e is preceded
b)1 the father and thre,e brotl1ers of Khons, just as in Pl. x1, and is follo,ved by a priest wl1om \Ve
kno,v ro ha\ e been a so11 of Khons, in all probability his eldest, it seems impossible to doubt
1

chat it is Khons, called To, vvho is here depicted. However, nov\rl1ere else is he gi\ en this title, 1

\vhich had bee11 that of his father Nefer}:iotep; whether we have here a scribal mistake, or whether
Khons did actually inherit that office from his father, lack of evidence prevents us from kno,ving.
A third priestly dignity of Khans was that of I ~~ef R"7 <'D> c~\ lJigh-priest of Mo11t; lord of Djorty,
and in Pl. XI he is seen officiating before this his god at Djorty (Tud) itself; the title occurred
possibly also in PI. xv11, South Wall, and certai11ly in the text, p. 26, Fig. 4. It ""'as perhaps at
an earlier stage of his career that Khons held the position of \ 1 ~ 1~ o t""'' ~ overseer of ca.ttle 1
,

of Me11kheprurer (i.e. T uthmosis IV), since the scene re.presenti11g him in this capacit}, (Pl. ·x v,
belo\\1) shows him seated with his wife Ruia (~~~~),who was not the wife depicted 'vith hin1 at
his funeral (Pl. xvi). Many temples possessed their own herLis of cattle, a11d each temple staff,
as here that of the mortuary temple of T uthmosis IV at Thebes, had to include a11 official
•
especially charged with their management; the same occupation of K11011s is named also Pl. XI,
bottom, and probably Pl. xv11, South Wall. Lastly, there is 110 reason to think that tl1e appellation
~ ~ ~ ;,., ~ --. j j j ,~ l 0 l greatly Javoured of t/Je gods lords of eter11ity (Pl. xx, ceili11g text) was an}1thing
other than a decorative epithet.
Apart from the vizier Usermont and his brother ljuy, t,ogether with their mother Maia (see
above), the most senior members of the family known to us are t'he father of Khons N efer}:iotep,
and his mother T wosret. The father, whom we have stated to have been the higl1-priest ,o f
2

Amenophis II (besides Pl. xv, top, see Pls. XI, upper register; XIII, frieze; in the last-me11tioned
place his name is coupled with chat of Twosret, who is explicitl}7 said to be bis wife). The
mother T wosret, to whom Khons seems to have been much more devoted than to either of his
wives (see Pls. x, bottom; x1, top right; also at bottom; XII, top right; xiv, bottom; xv, middle
1 [For another possibility with regard to the father of Nefer~orep, see the next note. J .
2 [There is perhaps a doubt whether in the words his father applied to the officer Ncbem~e)1 er 1n the tug, Pl. XI, his may not
refer co Nefer~ocep in che top row; see above, p. 14, n. 1.J
27
•
 '
\

THE TOMB OF KHONS ; CALLED TO

row, I efi:; XVI, top) v;ras a .po ...- !::j = gg chan tress of Jv[ont) lord of On ~p 1. ~· botto ; Xl I• top
01

· h ) d · Kl b ·
rtg t , a11 , ir \\ as perl1aps rl11·011gl1 l1er tl1at io11s o ta1ncc
1
g • :l l1is co1111ex1on w1tl1 Arma11t
· a11d it ,
s
god. ·
Tl1ree so11s of- N eter
- h-otcp, \i\'110 we1·e co11seque11t1)· 1:1 ro rJ.1crs of Kl1ons
1
. ' are depicted Pl.
. x1' top

(To) as their fourth, perhaps that \Vas their sequence of birth; they arc ~ ~ ~~ ay an ~}~~~
-C.0 tJJ
Iuy,' ead1 of them a 1~~ -~ high-priest of ffikheperkarer ( i.e. Tuthmos1s _I, see P· 14, n. 4), and
R· • .~ Mencl;iotpe, a .!.. c:0 -~' ,::'.) lector-priest of !"Akhepr11rlr ( i.e. Amenophis II ; the cartouche is
a little doubtful, but its probability is enhanced by the fact that the fat~er served the sam e cult). A
daughter of T wosret, and consequent! y a sister of Khans, is shown with her mother at the f estivi-
cies connected with T uthmosis III PI. xv, middle row, left; tl1is was the chantress of Mont Tentiunet

seen attending the same festivities, while two of her sons =~~~ Nebamun and 1H U ser-
=:
mont,2 both of them (]' i ~ J ?;/ n 1~~if! werb-priests and lectors of the house of Mont were present
with their father <p~l\~ Raria, also a werb-priest and lector, at the funeral of Kho~s (Pl. xvr, at
bottom). A son of the lady Maany, ~;'.:!~ Pshed by name, was a werb-pr1est of Mont
'
• (Pl. bottom) ; a daughter ot- the same lady was named Pl. xv, middle register.
XVI,
We have seen that a wife of Kho11s named Ruia, perhaps his first, is depicted with hitn whilst
he is exercising his functio11s as superintendent of cattle, Pl. xv, below. H ere she is accompanied
by a son i I'nt:: Usermont, who was a InJJ ~ t:.:1 r1A) werl1-priest a1zd lector of lvlo11t) and b}, a
g
1
• I
MWM
g •
3

daughter~ ~ ~~ Wiay, a chantress of tl1e same god. It is obviously the same son, but advanced
to the rank of 1~~ ,..~~~ high-priest of Sob~ who is show11 Pl. XII, at bottom, receiving offerings
together with his mother and a sister whose name is ratl1er dot1btful; see too Pl. XXI, top right.
This same son, with the same high title, is presented to us 11ot 0111)' at the feast of T uthmosis
III (PI. xv, top left), but also reading the ritual of Openi11g the Mouth at the funeral of his
father (Pl. XVI, bottom) and at the last judgement before O siris ( ibid., top right). These facts
place it beyond a doubt that he was the eldest son of Kho11s, and as sucl1 he was probabl)' seen in
the picture of the worship of Osiris, Pl. XIV (so, too, Da,1ies, abo,,e, p. 19) . T o °"'hat to\~1 11 the cult
of his god Sobk belonged we are not told, but one thinks natural! y of ln1.iotru, perl1aps a little N. of
Er-Rizei~at, hence not far from Thebes. Elsewhere i11 rl1e tomb a daughter of K11011s 11amed
4

}~~[~~~] Wiay (PI. x, below) or }~~r1i (PI. xiv) is me11tio11ed i1ext to l1is so11 ~o 1 ~~
Kharemweset, who was 1~8w-, 0 t'""'~ second priest of Me11kheperrlr, ai1d. these 'vritings of her •

name might easily be phonetic spellings of the name of the afore-mentio11ed daughter of Rt1ia;
but whereas the latter was a chantress of Mont the former was a Chantress of An1un (Pl. xrv),
which renders the identification doubtful. The mother of the second priest Kharem,~reset just
mentioned was: "~ ~~~ Maay (Pl. x1x, top left), who was likewise a chantress of Amu11.
Now though it is nowhere explicitly so stated, this Maay whom we find again portra),ed next •

to Khans in Pl. x1, bottom, where she is accorded the epithet ~ ~ QQ~~PNM~ '""7 go greatly praised tf

1
lln the frieze Pl. XIII Iuy, bearing the same title, is named together with bis mother Twosret.]
2
(Possibly t!1is was_the priest named on ~e nor~hern stela (above, p. n ), together with (his wife?) l:Ientnofret ; for her see
also Pl. xv, nuddle, r1gh~.] . . ~Davies ~ecessarily assumed this tide to be a mistake, see above, P· 20, n. 9].
4 [See now the correcc1on 1n Gardmer, Ancient Egyptian Onomastic11, Text, 11 2 7 .._*{.]

28
 •

KHONS, HIS FAMILY AND ASSOCIATES

above that tl1e Tjo)1 of t11e frieze pa11,el of Pl. x111 \l\'as i1011e ocl.1er rl1a11 To, i.e. KJ1011s J1imself,
'\oVC shall recognize her also in the i¥°-' ~ '.:.:; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ chantress of 1l111t!11 Maiay, whose na1ne
0
ther~ accon1pa11ies his. The question now arises: "vhat 'vvas the relationship of this Maay or •

Ma1ay to the chantress of A111U11 ~~~ lvf11tia definitely stated to be his wife and acting as chief
mour11er at tl1e fUneral of Kl1011s (Pl. xvi) ? She ,,,as also pro111i11e11t at the festi,ral of T utl1n1osis
III (PI. xv, 111iddle, behi11d ·r}1,e sl1ri11e). 111 ,riew ot- tl1e ide11tical title a11d the commo11 ii1itial at1d
fi11al elen1ents in the nat11es, it see111s 'by 110 means unlikely tl1at Maa}r or Maia}1was an abbre\1 ia-
tio11 of Mt1tia, and that tl1·e possible t\l\' O \'Vi ,,,es '"'ere i11 realit), 0111 )7 one. Da, ies was probably 1

correct in t11i11ki11g that rl1e ~~ ~q~~ Taia}1 '''ho stands next to the mother T\\ osret ii1 Pl. XII, 1

t,o p right, '~1 as this wife Mutia}, ,,,,itl1 l1er name slight!), 1nisspelr. At any rate we can hardly
doubt t11at sl1e '"'as a '"'ife of K11011s, ,,,hose daughters, accordi11gl )1, will be five out of t11e six other
'l\10111 e11 i11 t11e same group, tl1e t'vo cl1antr.esses of Mont ~ ~:~ J!1 N es11ub and ;'=' ~ ~ Q~ 9\ati, the
pri,estess Te11t ....... and tl1e ~~~ ~ n ~ g£ ~&~priestess of Tje11e1iet of On Ru, at1d the titleless
~1on1an or cl1ilt1 ~&~~~ Ru}'· 'It n1ust be the mother of the priestess Ru who sta11ds holding a
sist:run1 i1n.mediatel}' behi11d her, for here Ru is described as ~ 1* ~;~~ 0 q~ the dauglJter of the ...
c/Ja1·1tress of Mo11t Mai. The 111ention of Mai here goes far to prove that Mutia}, and Maay or
Mai,a}' or Mai are no more tha11 variant names. The onl}r difficulty is that Mai here, as also ·i n
•
Pl. X\' , middle register, right, is presented as a chantress of Mo11t, not of Amiin; perl1aps she and
the abo,1e discussed Wia)r, the daughter of the first wife Ruia, e11joyed both titles.
There remains to be mentio11ed one more so11 of Kl1011s, 011ce again of the ancestral name
Usermont; l1e was a " ~~~ n head of the stable (Pl. x, below; Pl. x1x) ; the name of his mother is
u11known. So far as can be elicited, the11, and subject to a few doubts, the family of Khons may
be represe11ted in the f ollowi11g tree; the names of me11 are printed in small capitals, those of
•
w,ome11 m romans:
ABSREVIATI ONS
eh. = chantress of Ieee. = leccor (of)
h. =head ·of pr. = priest of
h.-pr. = high-priest of '"· = '~·trb-priesc (of)

I
I I ,
USERMONT Huy NEBEMHEYET •

Vizier pr. ·Mont officer

l........................·-···-···················~·············································N·E·FE~~oTEP = Tl\'osrct
h.-pr. Am. JI eh. Mont.

I
NAY TUY MENTHOTPil
•
1. Ruia = KHONS = :i.. Mucia (? = Maia}f) RnrIA = T cntiunct
,eh. Mont h.-pr. Tuch. Ill eh. Amlin \ v .• lecc.
h.-pr. Tuch. I h.-pr. Tuth. I leer. Am. IJ(?)
&c. &c. eh. Mont 2'1ont

I I I I
Maia
I
Usi ... Ma any
I \
N ESA?.tUN
I
'U sERMONT
USERMONT \\Tia}' T jcs)'?
,~,_
w. lcct. Mont. eh. Mone I lcct. M ont w. lect . M ont
later eh. Amlin P SHED
h.~pr. Sobk ~·.Mont

r········-·-···-..··············1 I I
USERMONT KHAfEMWHsET Ru Ncsnub rAari Tent ... Ruy
h. stable .znd. pr. Tuth. III pr. 1"jcnenct eh. Mont eh. Mont pr.
•
(see, too, p. 30)

Since a grandson of T entiunet, the sister of Khons, wa.s alre~dy a prie~t. whe~1 Khans died, and
since two of the three sons of Khons by chat time held h1gl1-pr1estly pos1t1ons, 1t seems pro~able
that he himself reached a ripe old age. Perhaps the whole of his manhood belonged to the reign of
Ramesses II, whose cartouche is found on boats and shrines depicted in the tomb, see pp. 13, 15, 16.
29

•
 m the f2,1nily of Khons,
are. givai below in alpha-

fttR XDt secead row.

batsom.
ofT . m,atfestivalof thatking, PI.xv, top row;
Jtist possibly identical with the son who was second

J.llDe ~ as KHA.rBMWBsBT.
D, Pl. XJJ, third row; it is quite doubtful whether this

Feat regin1e1Jt of Nebmarrer (i.e. Amenophis ID),

paudfather of , see p. 14' with n. 1.
a
.....
xv, bottom.
and seep. 18, n. 1•
...esses II), Pl. XII, third row; see too

aHS II), in the tug. PL xn, third

middle register, right.

of the Mont

festivities

... stela,
•
-

A-.. --

I
•
I
I
.. i
-- -·-·-·J1:
+- Deacent
 --
•

- - -- --
- -.
--
-
-
1·
- .._...,

- •
0
e
cc
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