GAMA-ICTM ProgramBook v3-1

PROGRAM BOOK
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
01 Preface
02 Introduction
03 The schedule
04 Speakers and Moderators
05 Abstract
PREFACE Eggi Arguni, MD., PhD
General Chairperson of GAMA-ICTM 2022
On behalf of the Center for Tropical Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with World Mosquito
Program Yogyakarta and supported by Tahija Foundation, we are proud to host the first “Gadjah Mada
International Conference on Tropical Medicine (GAMA-ICTM) 2022 with the theme “Global Challenges in
Emerging Infectious Diseases” during 15-17 November 2022.
Although infectious diseases have declined significantly since the last decades, most low and middle-
income countries (LMICs) including Indonesia, still bear a significant proportion of the infectious diseases
burden. Malaria, Tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS remain the biggest infectious-diseases killers in the country.
Dengue infections are continuously reported in Indonesia as one of the most important mosquito-borne
diseases.
Groundbreaking research conducted produces new technology and approaches to controlling infectious
diseases. For example, in dengue WMP Yogyakarta with Monash University and supported by the Tahija
Foundation, developed Wolbachia technology to control dengue in Yogyakarta City, and the results are
encouraging. Wolbachia is effective in decreasing 77% of dengue cases, and decreasing 86% of the
hospitality rate.
We thank all speakers, moderators, and participants that are involved in this conference. We hope from this
conference, you not only gain updated knowledge but also can contribute to improving public health.
Thank you,
Eggi Arguni, MD., PhD

General Chairperson of GAMA-ICTM 2022
PREFACE
RIris Andono Ahmad
Director of The Center for Tropical
Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Dear Colleagues,
We are pleased to organize our first Gadjah Mada International Conference on Tropical Medicine (GAMA-ICTM
2022). Bringing the theme of “Global Challenges in Emerging Infectious Diseases”, this conference is a
collaboration of the Center Tropical Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, the Tahija Foundation.
When COVID-19 hit us, it impacted all aspects of our life, including delivering essential health services. All
health resources are shifted to COVID-19 clinical care while our focus on other diseases is decreasing. The
report shows that malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and dengue cases drop because of the health-seeking
behaviour changes because of fear of contracting COVID-19 in health facilities. At the same time, we know that
infectious diseases remain the biggest killer in the country.
Much ground-breaking research has produced new approaches and technologies, such as Wolbachia for
dengue and vaccines for dengue and malaria. Through this conference, we want to invite scientists, health
professionals, students, and experts from multi-discipline to share and disseminate the latest update on
tropical infectious diseases.
We will discuss various topics, from pandemic preparedness and recovery, epidemiology and surveillance,
COVID-19, Tuberculosis, Malaria, HIV/AIDS, Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), Dengue, One Health, and Travel
Medicine.
We want to thank all speakers, moderators, and participants involved in this conference. Through this
conference, we can contribute substantially to improving public health, especially related to infectious
diseases.
Thank you,
Riris Andono Ahmad

Director of The Center for Tropical Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada
INTRODUCTION
GADJAH MADA INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON TROPICAL MEDICINE 2022
Global challenges in emerging infectious diseases
1. INTRODUCTION
Globally, morbidity and mortality rates attributed to infectious diseases have declined significantly
since the last decades of the 20th century. However, most low-income and middle-income countries
(LMICs) including Indonesia still bear a significant proportion of the infectious disease burden. Malaria,
tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS remain the biggest infectious-disease killers in the country and
disproportionately affects the country’s most vulnerable communities. Dengue infections are
continuously reported in Indonesia for decades as one of the most important mosquito-borne
diseases. Meanwhile, millions of people are at risk of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) such as
leprosy, filariasis, and worm infestations. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic that was declared as a
global health emergency in January 2020 has caused an adverse impact on the control of these
epidemics
The continuous threat of infectious diseases warrants investment on the development of novel
methods and improved diagnostics, treatments and preventive mechanisms through science and
technology. Groundbreaking research has recently produced new approaches and technologies such
as Wolbachia for dengue and vaccines for malaria and dengue. These latest updates on the control of
tropical infectious diseases need to be shared and disseminated among researchers, clinicians,
professionals and policy makers for adoption and scaling up.
The Center for Tropical Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada will host its first international conference
on infectious diseases to bring together scientists, health professionals, students, and experts from
multiple and complementary disciplines. The program includes plenary and symposium with invited
speakers, oral abstract and poster presentations, and debate - all focusing on tropical infectious
disease
THE COMMITTEE
Steering committee General chairperson
Yodi Mahendradhata Eggi Arguni

Riris Andono
Secretary and treasurer
Ahmad Adi Utarini
Siska Amelia
Steering committee Steering committee
Ari Natalia Probandari E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati

Ida Safitri Laksanawati Rina Triasih
Risalia Reni Arisanti Yanri Wijayanti Subronto
Citra Indriani Anis Fuad
Henry Surendra Riris Andono Ahmad
Astri Ferdiana Betty Nababa Tri Wibawa
Ahmad Watsiq Maula Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto
Plenary session Event session
Betty Nababan Vincentius Arca Testamenti

Martina Bintari Dwihardiani Henry Surendra
Equatori Prabowo Ahmad Watsiq Maula
Risalia Reni Arisanti
Promotion, multimedia, and documentation Logistic
Malida Magista Wahyuni Sutarta

Komang Gde Ardi Pradnya Septiawan
Sylva Haryosaputra
Asri Nuraeni
Nadya Realtya Souisa
Dedi Styawan
Lula Reezky Adriani
Muhammad Reza Velayani
Zoe
THE SCHEDULE
Day 1 - Tuesday, 15 November 2022
Time Agenda Speakers
08.00 – 08.24 Opening ceremony Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa
Moderator:
08.25 – 08.28
E. Elsa H. Murhandarwati
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Malaria symposium opening
Confronting the steep challenges in J. Kevin Baird

08.29 – 08.52 diagnosis and treatment of Plasmodium Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in
vivax malaria Indonesia (OUCRU-ID)
Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo

COVID-19 thread towards the 2030
08.53 - 09.13 malaria elimination Poespoprodjo Mimika District Hospital;
Pediatric Research Office UGM
09.14 - 09.37 Malaria vaccine Rintis Noviyanti

Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler Eijkman BRIN
09.38 - 09.56 Q&A Moderator and speakers
09.57 - 10.02 Break
Moderator:
10.03 – 10.06
Rina Triasih
Tuberculosis symposium opening Universitas Gadjah Mada
10.07 – 10.36 Child TB: Innovation and Advances in TB Ben Marais

Diagnosis and Treatment The University of Sydney
Comprehensive approach for TB Philipp du Cros

10.37 – 11.00
Elimination Burnet Institute
Pandemic recovery on TB-HIV (DOMINO Ari Natalia Probandari

11.01 – 11.24
project) Universitas Sebelas Maret
11.25 – 11.43 Q&A Moderator and speakers
11.44 – 11.49 Break

Moderator:
11.50 – 11.53
Adi Nugroho
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
HIV symposium opening
The (changing) epidemiology of HIV in Pande Putu Januraga

11.54 – 12.17 the world Udayana University
Yanri Wijayanti Subronto

12.18 – 12.41 Strategies to increase ART uptake
12.42 – 13.05 Control of sexually transmitted infection: John M. Kaldor

current status and challenges Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales
13.06 – 13.24 Q&A Moderator and speaker
13.25 - 13.38 Bridging before lunch time Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa
13.29 – 13.59 Lunch Time
Moderator:
14.00 – 14.03
Yodi Mahendradhata
Plenary session 1 opening
Nirmal Kandel
14.04 – 14.27 Pandemic preparedness & recovery
World Health Organization
David Heymann
14.28 – 14.51 What did we learn from COVID-19? London School of Hygiene & Tropical
Medicine
14.52 - 15.07 Discussion Moderator and speakers
15.08 – 15.13 Break

Parallel Oral and Poster Presentation
(breakout room)
Yanri Wijayanti Subronto (chairperson)

Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS Rina Triasih
Ari Probandari
Elsa Herdiana (chairperson)

Malaria and One health Astri Ferdiana
Henry Surendra
15.14 – 16.54
Riris Andono Ahmad (chairperson)

COVID-19 Anggraini Alam
Eggi Arguni
Rita Kusriastuti (chairperson)

Dengue and NTDs Tedjo Sasmono
Soroy Lardo
Pandemic prepadeness and recovery, Hari Kusnanto Josef (chairperson)

travel medicine, epidemiology and Anis Fuad
surveillance Citra Indriani
Day 2 - Wednesday, 16 November 2022
Moderator:
08.58 – 09.01
Tri Wibawa
09.01 – 09.24 Health security related to one health Wiku Adisasmito

concept University of Indonesia
Roger Frutos
09.25 – 09.48 Zoonoses and one health La recherche agronomique pour le
développement, Montpellier (CIRAD)
One health approaches for zoonotic Matthew Grigg

09.49 – 10.12
malaria Menzies School of Health Research
10.13 - 10.18 Break
Moderator:
10.19 – 10.22
Pornthep Chanthavanich
Mahidol University
Travel medicine symposium opening
10.23 – 10.46 Post pandemic travelling Watcharapong Piyaphanee

Mahidol University
Anticipating global impact on travel Wasin Matsee

10.47 – 11.10 medicine: Lessons learned from the
Mahidol University
COVID-19 pandemic
Risk assessment during pre-travel Levina Pakasi

11.11 – 11.34 The Asia Pacific Travel Health Society
consultations for specific population
(APTHS)
11.54 – 11.59 Break

Moderator:
12.00 – 12.03
Anis Fuad
Cross-cutting issues on COVID-19
symposium opening
When COVID-19 becomes endemic: The

12.04 – 12.39 impact on public health and health Gindo Tampubolon
The University of Manchester
systems
The potency of Volatile Organic

Compound (VOC) detection as a surrogate Dian Kesumapramudya
12.40 – 13.03
marker in COVID-19 and other respiratory Universitas Gadjah Mada
infections
Faris Naufal Rahman

Citizen Health App: The transformation
13.04 – 13.27 Digital Transformation Office (DTO), The
and challenges after Peduli Lindungi Ministry of Health
13.28 – 13.46 Q&A Moderator and speaker
13.51 – 14.24 Lunch Break
14.25 – 14.30 Debate introduction Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa
Debate: COVID-19 Booster: To be boosted or

14.31 – 15.06
not? Eggi Arguni (pro) Riris Andono Ahmad
(cons) Jarir at Thobari (moderator)
15.07 – 15.12 Break

Moderator:
15.13 – 15.16
Hari Kusnanto Josef
Josef Universitas Gadjah Mada
NTDs symposium opening
Research priorities in leprosy and

15.17 – 15.40 experience from leprosy endemic Anne Schoenmakers
NLR International
countries (I)
Research priorities in leprosy and

Astri Ferdiana
15.41 – 16.04 experience from leprosy endemic University of Mataram; NLR Indonesia
countries (II)
Current gaps & research priorities for

Achmad Naufal Azhari
16.05 – 16.28 neglected tropical diseases in South East WHO Indonesia
Asia
16.48 – 16.55 The end of the day 2 Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa
Day 3 -Thursday, 17 November 2022
Moderator:
08.56 – 08.59
Cameron Simmons
World Mosquito Program
09.00 – 09.23 Why haven’t we defeated dengue? Duane Gubler

Raman Velayudhan
09.24 – 09.47 What’s new on dengue vector control
Modelling the use of Wolbachia to Henrik Salje

09.48 – 10.11
combat dengue University of Cambridge
10.12 - 10.17 Break
Moderator:
10.18 – 10.21
Eggi Arguni
World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta
Wolbachia intervention symposium opening
Wolbachia releases for disease control:

Ary Hoffmann
10.22 – 10.46 replacement, suppression, and
University of Melbourne
something in between
Katherine L. Anders
Latest evidence from World Mosquito
10.47 – 11.10 World Mosquito Program; Institute of Vector-
Program
borne Disease, Monash University
World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta Adi Utarini

11.11 – 11.34
updates World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta
11.54 - 11.59 Break

Moderator:
12.00 – 12.03
Damayanti Buchori
Monitoring and impact study Bogor Agricultural University
symposium opening
12.04 – 12.27 Wolbachia establishment/Spread and its Warsito Tantowijoyo

impact on insecticide resistance World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta
Public health impact of Wolbachia Riris Andono Ahmad

12.28 – 12.51
intervention in Yogyakarta World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta
12.52 – 13.17 Mutation on dengue, aedes, and Kat Edenborough

Wolbachia Monash University
13.41 – 14.10 Lunch break
Moderator:
14.11 – 14.14
Bekti Andari
Community engagement and ethics World Mosquito Program
symposium opening
Mohammad Hakimi
14.15 – 14.38 Ethical issues on community consent
Alan Mee
14.39 – 15.02 Modified PAM Model - WMP Experience
Measuring and monitoring community

Citra Indriani
15.03 – 15.26 acceptance survey in Wolbachia
implementation World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta
15.46 – 16.00 The end of the day 3 Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa
SPEAKERS AND
MODERATORS
Day 1 - Tuesday, 15 November 2022
Malaria symposium
Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati has worked as a Parasitology lecturer at the
UGM Faculty of Medicine since 1998. Her Master education was earned at
the UGM Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine (1998-2000), and
doctoral education was completed in 2011 at Monash University, Melbourne,
Australia, on the topic of malaria. Apart from teaching, she is actively
conducting research at the Center for Tropical Medicine, in the malaria and
Elsa Murhandarwati neglected tropical diseases (NTD) divisions and has published her works
Universitas Gadjah Mada related to malaria and NTD in national and international journals. Recently,
she is head of the Parasitology Department at Faculty of Medicine, Public
Health, and Nursing UGM (2021-now) and also in charge of the management
of WHO-TDR Implementation Research special master program (2016-now)
at the same institution. This year at the GAMA-ICTM 2022 Elsa Herdiana
Murhandarwati will moderate the symposium on the topic of malaria.
Kevin Baird is the Head of the Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit in

Jakarta, Indonesia, and Professor of Malariology, at the Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford. Kevin Baird earned a B.Sc. in
Microbiology, M.Sc. in Biochemistry, and a PhD in Medical Zoology. He
served 22 years on active duty in the US Navy Medical Service Corps as a
Microbiologist specializing in malaria prevention, control, treatment,
J. Kevin Baird epidemiology, and immunology research. He has long focused on
Oxford University Clinical Research Plasmodium vivax malaria, particularly on the problem of G6PD deficiency
Unit in Indonesia (OUCRU-ID)
and primaquine therapy against relapse of that species. The unit in Jakarta
undertakes clinical trials of therapies against relapse of P. vivax, principally
in Indonesian soldiers but also in village settings, in addition to laboratory
and field studies of G6PD deficiency biochemistry, diagnostics, and
epidemiology.
Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo is a Pediatrician and researcher at Timika
Research Facility and Mimika District Hospital in Timika, Papua-Indonesia.
She also holds appointments with The Pediatric Research Office-
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada.
She earned her PhD at Menzies School of Health Research under the
Australian Leadership Awards Scholarship Scheme. She was a recipient of
Jeanne Rini P. Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellowships in Tropical Medicine. She
Mimika District Hospital; Pediatric has worked as a mother and child health consultant for UNICEF, WHO
Research Office UGM
Indonesia and The Indonesian Ministry of Health. Her research interest is
maternal and child health problems in developing worlds, focusing on
disease epidemiology and program evaluation. Her current research
focuses on the impact of malaria on pregnant women, infants and children
and defines strategies for its treatment and prevention.
Rintis is the Principal Investigator and Head of the Malaria Pathogenesis

Laboratory Unit at the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology in Jakarta,
Indonesia. Since 2011, she has been involved in research advancing malaria
vaccine development under the coordination of the Ministry of Research
and Technology in the Republic of Indonesia. She was also a member of
Expert Panels of Laboratory Working Group, the National Commission for
Rintis Noviyanti Malaria Eradication, as part of the Ministry of Health. Rintis graduated with
Pusat Riset Biologi Molekuler a PhD in Molecular Biology of Malaria Parasites from the University of
Eijkman BRIN
Melbourne in Australia and has spent her career researching this field. She
has headed many investigations and received prestigious awards and
internationally competitive grants, including the L'Oreal for Women in
Science Fellowship. This fellowship was auspiced by the L'Oreal-UNESCO
Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases hosted
by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Asia Pacific Malaria
Elimination (APMEN), Where Rintis studied the genetic diversity of malaria
parasites in Indonesia.
Tuberculosis symposium
Rina Triasih is a researcher, academic, and medical professional who

specialises in Pediatric Health and Tuberculosis. She began her studies
at Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, completing a MD. She continued
on to specialise as a Pediatrician at The University of Melbourne,
following this she gained a Research and Clinical Fellow position in the
Department of Respiratory Medicine at the Royal Children’s Hospital,
Rina Triasih Melbourne. She has been awarded numerous research grant awards
Universitas Gadjah Mada and collaborations such as the Zero TB Partnership with Burnet
Institute Melbourne where she is the Principal Investigator as well as
the Department of Foreign Affair and Trade project Papua New Guinea
and Republic of Indonesia Micro-Elimination of Tuberculosis where she
is currently the site Principal Investigator. She has thirty five academic
publications and has been an editor and contributor to seven books.
Rina Triasih has won various award, one was the Youngest Researcher
Award in the 12th National Congress of Child Health and the 11th Asean
Pediatric Federation Conference, Indonesia, 2002. This year at GAMA-
ICTM 2022 Rina Triasih will moderate the symposium on Tuberculosis.
Professor Ben Marais is a Pediatrician and infectious diseases
specialist interested in global health. He is renowned for his work on
childhood and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-tuberculosis (TB). He serves
on the executive committee of the NHMRC Centre for Research
Excellence in Tuberculosis Control and is a founding member of the
Australasian Tuberculosis Forum. He strongly advocates for Australia
Ben Marais to take a leadership role in coordinating enhanced TB and MDR-TB
The University of Sydney control efforts in the Asia-Pacific region. More broadly, as Co-Director
of Sydney ID, he works toward creating a dynamic multi-disciplinary
research community in infection, immunity and biosecurity.
Professor Marais trained as a Pediatrician in South Africa and worked

in the UK, the Netherlands, Canada and USA. He described the natural
history of childhood TB from the pre-chemotherapy literature. He
conducted a large, prospective cohort study documenting TB
incidence and disease diversity among children in Cape Town. As
Acting Director of the Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health at Stellenbosch
University, South Africa, his interest in the health of underserved
populations inspired a comprehensive review of healthcare delivery in
rural and remote areas.
Philipp is an infectious diseases specialist with more than 15 years of
extensive clinical and public health experience, and over 10 years’
experience in the management of TB/HIV programs. He has worked as a
TB/HIV advisor, and supported program implementation and research in a
range of settings. He has worked with MDR TB programs across Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan, India, Myanmar, Uganda, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. Philipp’s
Philipp du Cros work has a strong focus on research, in particular in the development of
Burnet Institute shorter treatment regimens for MDR TB, as head of the Manson Unit at
Médecins Sans Frontières in the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2017. In
addition Philipp is an expert member of both the WHO Guidelines
Development Group for Isoniazid Resistant TB Guidelines, and the European
Research Initiative for Tuberculosis. Philipp joins Burnet Institute as an
Infectious Diseases Specialist in the TB Elimination and Implementation
Science working group, supporting program implementation and research
activities.
Prof. Ari Probandari is a medical doctor with specific training and expertise
in public health. She is a facilitator of the WHO/TDR regional training center
in the South East Asia Region on implementation research. Her research
focuses on the implementation research of disease control programs,
program evaluation and health systems. Dr Ari Natalia Probandari, MPH.,
PhD, currently serves as Head of the Public Health Doctoral Study Program,
Ari Probandari Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. She is a doctor and holds a
Universitas Sebelas Maret Master of Science in Public Health and PhD from Umea University Sweden.
She is also a researcher at the Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta.
She is experienced as a WHO technical assistance consultant for
developing a national action plan for the control of sexually transmitted
diseases 2015-2019, the Indonesian Ministry of Health for developing a
national action plan for Tuberculosis control. She has written several books
that have been published.
HIV symposium
Adi Nugroho has expertise on behavioral change interventions, community
development programs, monitoring and evaluation and implementation
research and has experience working at NGO’s and academic atmospheres.
He began his studies with a Bachelor of Science in Public Health at
Diponegoro University Semarang specialising in epidemiology and tropical
diseases then progressed to a Master of Health Sciences specialising in
Adi Nugroho Health Promotion. He was chosen as an HIV scholar in 2016 at the Graduate
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh and also completed his
Ph.D. specialising in Public Health Education and Promotion. Adi Nugroho is
currently a faculty member at Universitas Lambung Mangkurat for two
health departments, a technical consultant on community engagement for
UNAIDS Indonesia in Jakarta and a technical project coordinator for the
Center for Tropical Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada. This year at GAMA-
ICTM 2022 Adi Mugroho will moderate the symposium on HIV.
John Kaldor is an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellow and UNSW

Scientia Professor. He holds a doctorate in Biostatistics from the University
of California. Berkeley, and began his research career at the International
Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon, France. For over 30 years, he has
built and led internationally recognised research programs at UNSW on the
epidemiology and prevention of infectious diseases. His research has
John M. Kaldor covered a wide range of projects, including the development and
Kirby Institute, Univeristy of New implementation of public health surveillance systems, investigations of
South Wales
infection-related cancer, cohort and cross-sectional studies of risk factors
for infectious disease transmission, and interventional trials of disease
prevention strategies.
Professor Kaldor is a past President of the Australasian Epidemiological

Association and currently serves as a ministerially appointed member of
the Repatriation Medical Authority. He was co-chair of the 2012
International Microbicides Conference and has been an invited speaker at
various national and international forums.
Yanri Wijayanti Subronto is an academician, clinician, and researcher in the
field of Internal Medicine, mainly Tropical and Infectious Diseases, at the
Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM and Dr Sardjito. She
completed his PhD at Leiden University, The Netherlands (in the field of
Tuberculosis Immunology) and is now active in the issue of HIV-AIDS.
Yanri Wijayanti Currently a member of the International AIDS Society (IAS), PETRI, Expert
Universitas Gadjah Mada Panel on HIV, AIDS, and PIMS of the Ministry of Health and serves as Chair of
the HIV AIDS Management Team, Head of the HIV Polyclinic (Edelweis) at Dr
RSUP. Sardjito, Head of the HIV AIDS Division at the Center for Tropical
Medicine FKKMK UGM. She is currently involved in Proactive and D2EFT
research (NIH and Litbangkes Kemenkes RI), DOMINO Study (LSHTM, The
Kirby Institute - UNSW, and UI), CopCOV study (Oxford Eijkman Research
Unit). Dr Yanri has been a part of ALMI since its inception and was involved
in preparing the SAINS 45 book, especially the chapter on Health and
Medicine.
Pande Putu Januraga is a Professor at the Department of Public Health and

Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University in Bali,
Indonesia; currently, he holds a position as the head of the Center for
Public Health Innovation (CPHI), a research centre focusing on developing
and conducting innovative methods to overcome public health problems
and issues in Indonesia. Dr Januraga also holds an academic status (level
Pande Putu Januraga C) as a senior lecturer at the Discipline of Public Health, Flinders University,
Udayana University Adelaide, Australia.
As a researcher, he focuses on developing public health programs and

policies for Indonesia's underserved, stigmatized, marginalized groups.
Furthermore, in delivering evidence-based public health interventions, Dr
Januraga has been involved in several local and national programs,
particularly HIV-AIDS prevention programs. Dr Januraga is currently a
program manager with Yayasan Kerti Praja (YKP), a leading NGO in HIV
programs for key affected populations, mainly female sex workers in Bali.
Plenary session 1 - Global Challenges in Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yodi Madendradhata is currently the Vice Dean for Research and
Development, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas
Gadjah Mada. His research interests are in the field of global health,
implementation science, disease control, health policy and health program
management. He began studying Medical Doctor at Universitas Gadjah
Mada and then proceeded to a Master of Science in International Health
Yodi Mahendradhata from the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Charite Medical Faculty, Humboldt
Universitas Gadjah Mada University, Berlin, Germany. He then completed his Doctorate in Medical
Science at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium and Ghent
University, Belgium. Yodi Madendradhata has authored and co-authored
numerous peer-reviewed articles and has been awarded the Scopus Young
Scientist Award by the United Nations University, Elsevier and Alexander
Von Humboldt Foundation. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022 Yodi
Madendradhata will moderate the plenary session on ‘Global Challenges in
Emerging Infectious Diseases’.
Nirmal Kandel is a Medical Doctor with an Executive Master’s in Business

Administration (EMBA), a Master’s in Public Health (Epidemiology), and a
Master's in Anthropology (Medical Anthropology). He has more than 20 years
of experience in health and development on national and international
levels. He has worked in WHO’s Health Emergency Program (WHE) since
2015 at WHO-Headquarters, Geneva, as the Head of the Evidence and
Nirmal Kandel Analytics for Health Security (EHS) Unit. He was a technical lead and focal
World Health Organization point for the National Action Plan for Health Security (NAPS) and the WHO
Benchmarks for IHR capacities. He was also a technical lead in developing
the JEE tools, processes, technical guidance, and training modules.
Before this, He worked on implementing IHR (2005) and emergency and
pandemic preparedness in Nepal and Indonesia from 2008 to 2015. He
served as Team Leader (Medical Officer) of Emergency and Humanitarian
Actions (EHA) as well as a Technical Officer for Disease Surveillance and
Epidemiology (DSE) at WHO Indonesia, National Professional Officer for
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE) at WHO Nepal; and Junior
Public Health Professional for Evidence Information and Policy (EIP) in
WHO- SEARO, India. Also, He worked for Vaccine-Preventable Disease (VPD)
surveillance and Immunization with WHO Nepal and as a Medical Officer for
the Department of Surgery at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching
Hospital.
Professor Kaldor is a past President of the Australasian Epidemiological

Association and currently serves as a ministerially appointed member of
the Repatriation Medical Authority. He was co-chair of the 2012
International Microbicides Conference and has been an invited speaker at
various national and international forums.
David Heymann holds a BA in general science from Penn State University,

an M.D from Wake Forest School of Medicine, and a DTM&H from the
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM). He is currently a
Professor of Infectious Disease Epidemiology at LSHTM and Head of the
Centre on Global Health Security at Chatham House, London. From 2012 to
March 2017, he was chairman of Public Health England.
David Heymann
London School of Hygiene & For 22 years, Heymann was based at the World Health Organization (WHO)
Tropical Medecine
in Geneva on secondment from the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). During that time, he rose from Chief of Research of the
Global Programme on AIDS to Founding Director of the Programme on
Emerging and other Communicable Diseases. He then was named
Executive Director of the Communicable Diseases Cluster, a position from
which he headed the global response to SARS. Finally, He was named
Assistant Director for Health Security and the Director General’s
Representative for Polio Eradication. Before joining WHO, Heymann was
based for 13 years in sub-Saharan Africa on assignment from CDC, where
he worked in Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, DRC and Malawi.
Day 2 - Wednesday, 16 November 2022
Plenary session 2 - One Health
Tri Wibawa is a medical and health science expert with research interests
in antimicrobial resistance, drug and vaccine development, genetic
susceptibility of infectious disease and vaccine development. He studied
his Medical Doctor at Universitas Gadjah Mada and then his Ph.D. in
Molecular Medicine at Kobe University in Japan. Years after this he
returned to Gadjah Mada Universitas to specialise in Clinical Microbiology.
Tri Wibawa Tri Wibawa currently is a professor at Universitas Gadjah Mada in the
Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing.
He is currently the chairman for three committees, one being the Ethical
Committee (research) for the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada.
This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022 Tri Wibawa will moderate the plenary session
on ‘One Health’.
Wiku Adisasmito is a specialist in infectious disease control, health policy

and health systems. His education began with a Bachelor of Veterinary at
the Bogor Agricultural Institute, he then progressed to a Master of Science
from Colorado State University and a Ph.D. at the same university in the
field of Environmental Health and Policy. He is currently a lecturer at the
Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health,
Wiku Adisasmito the University of Indonesia, for several undergraduate and postgraduate
University of Indonesia health analysis and policy-making courses. He is also currently involved in
the Tri Dharma network at the international and national levels. Most of his
research conducted since 1992 has the theme of the health system and the
control of infectious diseases. He acts as a Principal Investigator from
Indonesia to strategically position the University of Indonesia in research
collaborations and international scientific publications. This year at GAMA-
ICTM 2022 Wiku Adisasmito will present on ‘Health Security Related to One
Health Concept’.
Roger Frutos currently specializes in infectious disease dynamics and
infectiology and is the Research Director at CIRAD. He has served as
Professor and Deputy Vice-President of International Affairs with Asia at
the University of Montpellier, and he is an adjunct professor at Mahidol
University-Ramathibodi Hospital, as well as an invited professor at the
Universitas Gadjah Mada. He is also the Association of Southeast Asian
Roger Frutos Institutions of Higher Learning's Director of Projects and Partnership
La recherche agronomique pour le (ASAIHL). He is the director of DYNAMEID, a new international distance
développement, Montpellier
(CIRAD) learning Master program devoted to the study of the dynamics of emerging
infectious diseases. He conducts multidisciplinary and integrative research
on the dynamics of emerging and infectious diseases, spanning many
domains from microbiology and genomics to human sciences. He has
published and participated in 130 articles published in international
journals. This year at GAMA-ICTm 2022 Roger Frutos will present on
‘Zoonoses and One Health’.
Matthew Grigg is a post-doctoral researcher and early career fellow who

has experience conducting and leading studies related to epidemiology,
diagnostics and clinical drug trials of malaria and other tropical infectious
diseases. He completed a Bachelor of Medical Science and Surgery at the
University of Melbourne then progressed to a Diploma of Tropical Medicine
and Hygiene in Peru at the Gorgas Memorial Institute. He completed a Ph.D.
Matthew Grigg at Charles University University in Darwin and conducted a study on a type
Menzies School of Health Research of monkey malaria named Plasmodium, which is reported to mainly infect
humans in Malaysian Borneo and ended up traveling to the jungles of
Malaysia as a result of this study. Matthew Griggs is a medical practitioner
that actively works in rural Indingeous community in Australia near
Katherine and remote activities. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022 Matthew
Grigg will present on ‘One Health Approaches for Zoonotic Malaria’.
Travel medicine symposium
Pornthep Chanthavanich is an Associate Professor at the Department of

Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University. He
graduated a Medical Doctoral from Siriraj Medical School, Mahidol
University. He holds postgraduate qualifications, the first a Diploma in
Tropical Medicine and Hygiene from the Faculty of Tropical Medicine,
Mahidol University and second a Diploma of Tropical Child Health at
Pornthep Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, University of Liverpool. He has
Chanthavanich continued studying numerous diplomas and certificates at various
Mahidol University institutions to expand his knowledge and capacity. Focusing on vaccines,
tropical medicine, infectious diseases, and travel medicine, he is now the
President of the Thai Society of Travel Medicine, Immediate Past President
of the Asia Pacific Travel Health Society. He is also Secretary General of the
Asian Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Treasurer of the
International Society of Tropical Pediatrics. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022
Pornthep Chanthavanich will moderate the Symposium of Travel Medicine.
Watcharapong Piyaphanee is an Assistant Professor in the Department of

Clinical Tropical Medicine. He obtained his Doctor of Medicine degree and
Graduate Diploma in Clinical Science from Mahidol University. He has a
Diploma Thai Board of Internal Medicine, a Diploma Thai Board of Travel
Medicine from the Thai Medical Council and a Certificate in Travel Health
(CTH®) from the International Society of Travel Medicine. He also holds a
Watcharapong Diploma in Travel Medicine from The Royal College of Physicians and
Piyaphanee Surgeons of Glasgow, United Kingdom. He is the co-founder of the only
Mahidol University Residency Training Program in Travel Medicine. He is also a Site Director of
GeoSentinel Surveillance Network based in Bangkok, Thailand. He has done
numerous research studies on tropical/travel medicine. He has also
attended a Gorgas Course on Tropical Medicine in Peru. He actively
participates in all academic activities of D.T.M. &.H. and M.C.T.M. courses
and the Residency training course. He also takes care of patients/travelers
in the Travel Clinic and the Hospital for Tropical diseases. This year at
GAMA-ICTM 2022 Watcharapong Piyaphanee will present on ‘Post Pandemic
Traveling’.
Wasin Matsee is a specialist in travel medicine and currently works as a
Lecturer in the Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine Mahidol University.
He obtained his Doctor of Medicine degree from Chiang Mai University and
completed his Master of Clinical Tropical Medicine degree at Mahidol
University. He also holds a Thai Board of Preventive Medicine diploma from
the Thai Medical Council.
Wasin Matsee
Mahidol University Wasin Matsee primarily works in the Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
including the travel and fever clinics, and teaches travel medicine to
residents, infectious-disease fellows, and international visiting elective
doctors. His research interests are primarily in the field of travel medicine.
He is a member of the International Society of Travel Medicine, the Asia
Pacific Travel Health Society (APTHS), and the Thai Society of Travel
Medicine. His research interests include travel medicine, clinical tropical
medicine, high-altitude illness, and travel vaccine. This year at GAMA-ICTM
2022, Wasin Matsee will present on ‘Anticipating Global Impact on Travel
Medicine: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic’.
Levina Pakasi has dedicated herself to Travel Medicine for more than 15
years. In 2002, she completed the Foundation Course on Travel Health at
Glasgow University, United Kingdom. She is one of the Executive Board
Counselor Members for the Asia-Pacific Travel Health Society (APTHS) and
an Affiliate Member of the Faculty of Travel Medicine, Royal College of
Physician and Surgeon of Glasgow (UK). She was also a member of the
Levina Pakasi International Travel and Health (ITH) Consulting Group, World Health
The Asia Pacific Travel Health Organization, from 2012-2014. Currently, Levina Pakasi has put her focus as
Society (APTHS)
a Travel Medicine Advisor and founder of Travel and Adventure Medicine of
Asia since 2019. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Levina Pakasi will present on
‘Risk Assessment During Pre-Travel Consultations for Specific Population’.
Cross-cutting issues on COVID-19 symposium
Anis Fuad is a researcher and lecturer on population health informatics,

and his research interests are in public health informatics, digital
epidemiology, bibliometrics and social network analysis. He began his
studies with a Bachelor in Medicine at Universitas Gadjah Mada, then
proceeded to complete a Master's in Medical Informatics and
Communication Technology at the Faculté de Médecine Broussais Hôtel-
Anis Fuad Dieu, Université Paris VI. Anis Fuad has more than 15 years of experience in
Universitas Gadjah Mada various consultancies, research and related activities in collaboration with
the Ministry of Health, BPJS Kesehatan, hospitals, district health offices and
private sectors. He has published more than 30 articles in scientific
journals and local newspapers. Anis is also a working council member of
AeHIN (Asia eHealth Information Network). In 2021 he was appointed as the
Head of the Data and Information Division of PERSI (Indonesian Hospital
Association). Anis Fuad is also a Co-Principal Investigator for the Regulatory
and box for e-malaria, LPDP Ministry of Finance, 2020-2022. This year
GAMA-ICTM 2022 Anis Fuad will moderate the Symposium about ‘Cross-
Cutting Issues on COVID-19’.
Gindo Tampubolon specialises in research about healthy ageing with a

particular focus in cognitive ageing. Gindo Tampubolon is a senior lecturer
at the Global Development Institute, University of Manchester and a visiting
professor at the United Nations University, Helsinki. Besides being a senior
researcher, he is also a supervisor for Post Doctoral students in the
Gindo Tampubolon Statistics Genetics and Frailty field. He is actively involved in Manchester
The University of Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing. He has memberships in the
Royal Statistical Society, the Association for Computing Machinery, and the
Royal Society of Medicine. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Gindo Tampubolon
will present on ‘When COVID-19 Becomes: Endemic: The Impact on Public
Health and Health Systems'.
Dian Kesumapramudya is a specialist in pediatric neurology, molecular
genetics, and children's intelligence and competence development. He
graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine,
Universitas Brawijaya. He continued his dual education as a specialist
in Pediatrics and Master in Clinical Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine,
Universitas Gadjah Mada. He has also completed his doctoral education
Dian Kesumapramudya at Kobe University in Japan in Neurogenetics and Genetic Epidemiology.
Currently, he is practising as a paediatrician and deepening his
expertise in pediatric neurology by continuing to study as a neurology
fellow.
Additionally, he has developed a simple diagnostic system for tracing

the genetic aptitude of disease and developing genetic therapy. He has
a team and genetic analysis laboratory for the diagnostic process of
various rare diseases and research on the development of gene
medicine, including Spinal Muscular Atrophy, paramyotonia congenital,
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Infantile Neuronal-axonal Atrophy and
others. Together with parents of high school sufferers, he co-founded
and fostered the Indonesian Spinal Muscular Atrophy community and
developed gene therapy based on local wisdom to help deal with high
school cases. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Dian Kesumapramudya will
present on ‘The Potency of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Detection
as a Surrogate Marker in COVID-19 and other Respiratory Infections.
Faris Naufal Rahman is an innovative leader who values product,
research and value. He is currently Head of Product for the Citizen
Health App PeduliLindungi and works at the Digital Transformation
Office, Ministry of Health. He began his education at the Institut
Teknologi Bandung with a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering and
proceeded to RWTH Aachen University, Germany Maastricht School
Faris Naufal Rahman of Management to complete a Master of Management and
Digital Transformation Office Engineering in Production System. He has worked in diverse roles
(DTO), The Ministry of Health
for multiple organizations, from procurement transformation to
market researcher and then product manager and following this
his current position of head of product. He is innovative and
detailed in his work and has a passion for business and
entrepreneurship. Faris Naufal Rahmen is currently involved in
multiple project, one including the Piping and Irrigation Project in
Cikole, West Java. This year at GAMA-ICTM Faris Naufal Rahman
will present on ‘Citizen Health App: The Transformation and
Challenges After PeduliLindungi’.
Debate: COVID-19 Booster: To be boosted or not?

Jarir At Thobari is an epidemiologist, statistician and has
experience in vaccinology. He is currently the Principle Investigator
at the Cost Effectiveness study of Rotavirus Vaccine in Indonesia.
He began his education at Universitas Gadjah Mada with a Medical
Doctor and progressed to a Master of Clinical Sciences, Clinical
Epidemiology and Biostatistics. He completed a Master of Science,
Jarir At Thobari Pharmacology at Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck and then a
Universitas Gadjah Mada P.h.D. in Pharmacoepidemiology & Pharmacoeconomics at the
University of Groningen. Jarir At Thobari completed four additional
diplomas in multiple specialties at different institutions following
this which highlights his dedication to education, academic and
professional development. He has work experience as a researcher,
consultant, director of training and principle investigator in multiple
organisations. He has authored and published numerous
international journal articles on various research topics. This year at
GAMA-ICTM 2022 Jarir At Thobari will moderate the debate on ‘To be
Boosted or Not?’
Eggi Arguni is very active in public health research projects focusing
on dengue and immunology. She currently has multiple roles at
Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) as a lecturer, researcher and she is
also currently a Pediatric Infectious Disease Consult at the
Department of Child Health, Dr Sardjito General Hospital/Faculty of
Medicine. She began her studies at UGM with a Medical Degree then
Eggi Arguni progressed to complete her Ph.D. at the Graduate School of
Universitas Gadjah Mada Medicine, Chiba University, Japan. She continued her studies at UGM
in 2010 with a Master of Science to specialise and become a
paediatrician. Eggi Arguni has been the local lead scientist for
eleven years on the World Mosquito Program, Yogyakarta, which
aims to protect the community from mosquito-borne diseases
through innovative methods and operations. She has published and
authored numerous international journals with different research
focuses. This year at GAMA-ICTM Eggi Arguni will be the pro side of
the debate on ‘To be Boosted or Not?’ in addition of being the
moderator of Wolbachia intervention symposium.
Riris Andono Ahmad currently serves as Director of the Center for

Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and
Nursing(FKKMK) Universitas Gadjah Mada. He is a doctor who
obtained a Master of Public Health at the Umeå International School
of Public Health, Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences, Umeå
University, Umeå, Sweden. He then obtained his doctorate from the
Riris Andono Ahmad Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The
World Mosquito Program Netherlands. In addition, he also serves as Secretary of the
Yogyakarta
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Population Health
and coordinator of the Course of Field Epidemiology Training
Program for the FKKMK Postgraduate Program. Riris Andono Ahmad
has experience as a consultant in the health sector and a senior
researcher and was a WHO temporary adviser in the Development of
Good Health Research Practice Course Course Module on several
occasions. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Riris Andono Ahmad will
present on ‘Public Health Impact of Wolbachia Intervention in
Yogyakarta’. Additionally, he will be the cons side of the debate on
‘To be Boosted or Not?’.
NTDs symposium
Hari Kusnanto Josef is a professor and the Head of the Primary

Service Family Medicine Specialist Study Program at Universitas
Gadjah Mada. His area of expertise and research interest is focused on
medical and health sciences, epidemiology, public health, and health
service. Hari Kusnanto is also a doctor from FK UGM 1979. He
completed his doctoral degree at Yale University, School of Medicine
Hari Kusnanto Josef and graduated in 1991. Then he continued the postdoctoral program at
Universitas Gadjah Mada Harvard school of public health from 2001 to 2002, meanwhile the
family medicine specialisation was completed at UNPAD in 2017. He
has written and published numerous journal articles and various
journals. This year at GAMA-ICTM, Hari Kusnanto Josef will moderate
the Symposium on ‘Non-Transmittable Diseases (NTDs).
Anne Schoenmakers is an innovative and engaging leader in the medical

space in numerous capacities; she is a medical doctor and currently the
International Project Leader and Medical Scientific Advisor at No Leprosy
Remain. She began her education as a Medical Doctor at Queen Mary
University in London and progressed to a postgraduate degree in Primary
Care at the University of Amsterdam. Following this, she completed a
Anne Schoenmakers Doctor of Medicine and Masters of Science at Utrecht University. She is an
NLR International outstanding leader in her professional field and community, her most
recent volunteer position is as the Chairperson for Property Owners
Association, where she leads projects that create sustainable living
environments. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Anne Schoenmakers will
present on ‘Update on Leprosy: A Comprehensive Point of View’.
Astri Ferdiana's research focuses on disability, tropical diseases and
occupational health issues. She is currently an assistant professor at the
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram
(UNRAM) in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. In addition to her leading role at
UNRAM, she also works as a researcher at the Center for Tropical Medicine
at Universitas Gadjah Mada and as a research consultant for NLR
Astri Ferdiana Indonesia. She holds a Medical Doctor from Universitas Gadjah Mada, a
University of Mataram; Master of Public Health from the Royal Tropical Institute and a PhD in Public
NLR Indonesia
Health from the University of Groningen. Her research has been awarded
national and international research grants, including from USAID for “Spine
TB in Indonesia” in 2021 and WHO and UNICEF for studies in Papua and
West Papua on malaria between 2017 and 2019. She was also awarded the
Australian Government's Endeavor research scholarship for her spinal cord
injury research. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Astri Ferdiana will present on
‘Update on Leprosy: A Comprehensive Point of View’.
Achmad Naufal Azhari is an epidemiologist and environmental health

specialist with an educational background in public health, ecological
health, vector and ecology, toxicology, and epidemiology. He completed his
Bachelor and Master of Public Health at the Faculty of Public Health the
University of Indonesia. He has worked as national staff for the Neglected
Tropical Disease program at WHO Indonesia since 2015. In addition to the
Achmad Naufal A. NTD program, he has been supporting WHO Indonesia in responding to the
WHO Indonesia COVID‐19 pandemic since 2020. As a National Professional Officer for NTDs
Programme, he has provided technical assistance and support to the
Ministry of Health in increasing the coverage of preventive chemotherapy
for the lymphatic filariasis elimination programme until Indonesia reached
100% geographical coverage in 2017. Since 2020, in collaboration with FPH
UI, he has completed a seroepidemiology study of COVID‐19 infection in the
general population at the national level. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022,
Achmad Naufal Azhari will present on ‘Current Gaps & Research Priorities
for Neglected Tropical Diseases in South East Asia’.
Day 3 -Thursday, 17 November 2022
Plenary session 3 - Dengue : A Continuing Global Defiance
Cameron Simmons is an infectious disease scientist leading the global

implementation of the Wolbachia method. His expertise is in the clinical
and basic science of tropical infectious diseases, epidemiology,
immunology and vaccinology, portfolio and project management,
organisational management and leadership. He completed all his studies at
The University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Science (Honours) and a
Cameron Simmons PhD. He has significant leadership and operational experience in Australia
World Mosquito Program and the Asia/Pacific. He has Harvard Business School Executive Training
and is an Australian Institute of Company Directors graduate. He has
received numerous awards, including, in 2017, a Fellow from the Australian
Academy of Health and Medical Science. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022,
Cameron Simmons will moderate on ‘One Health.
Duane Gubler has specialized in insect-borne diseases with a particular

focus on dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. He is an Emeritus
Professor and founding director of the Emerging Infectious Diseases
Signature Research Program at the Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
He graduated from The John Hopkins University of Hygiene and Public
Health and has worked on tropical infectious diseases, emphasizing
Duane Gubler dengue, Aedes-transmitted and other vector-borne diseases. Duane Gubler
World Health Organization was the founding Chief of the Dengue Branch, United States Center for
Disease. Duane was in Control and Prevention (CDC) in Puerto Rico for nine
years and the Director of the Division of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases,
CDC in Fort Collins, Colorado, for 15 years. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022,
Duane Gubler will present on ‘Why Haven’t We Defeated Dengue Yet?’.
Raman Velayudhan is the global focal point for dengue prevention and
control. It is currently the Head of the Veterinary Public Health, Vector
Control and Environment unit at the Department of Control of Neglected
Tropical Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva. In his
present assignment, he also supports the secretariat for the Vector Control
Advisory Group. He also received the WHO DG’s reward for excellence in
Raman Velayudhan 2017 as a Zika incidence management team member. His primary
World Health Organization responsibility with the WHO included evaluating insecticides and teaching
master’s degree students in Medical Entomology. He has also undertaken
in-service training in Tropical Epidemiology. He has over 45 peer-reviewed
publications and has steered the development of several documents and
guidelines for WHO. This includes the dengue guidelines, the global strategy
for prevention and control of dengue, the handbook on integrated vector
management, the Global Vector Control Response and the Global Arbovirus
Initiative. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Raman Velayudhan will present on
‘What’s New on Dengue Vector Control’.
Henrik specializes in the spread of infectious diseases and uses

mathematical, computational, and field research to help understand how
pathogens spread in populations, assess control efforts, and support
policymaking. His studies began with a Bachelor's in Biochemistry from
Oxford University, a Biostatistics Degree from Johns Hopkins and a PhD in
epidemiology from John Hopkins.
Henrik Salje
University of Cambridge
Henrik Salje is currently a lecturer in the genetics department, where he
heads the Pathogen Dynamics Group. He is also an adjunct Assistant
Professor within the Department of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore. Much of his work is in
resource-poor settings, especially in Asia. He is particularly interested in
the dynamics of arboviruses such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya
viruses. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Henrik Salje will present on ‘Modeling
the Use of Wolbachia to Combat Dengue’.
Wolbachia intervention symposium
Eggi Arguni is very active in public health research projects focusing

on dengue and immunology. She currently has multiple roles at
Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) as a lecturer, researcher and she is
also currently a Pediatric Infectious Disease Consult at the
Department of Child Health, Dr Sardjito General Hospital/Faculty of
Medicine. She began her studies at UGM with a Medical Degree then
Eggi Arguni progressed to complete her Ph.D. at the Graduate School of
Universitas Gadjah Mada Medicine, Chiba University, Japan. She continued her studies at UGM
in 2010 with a Master of Science to specialise and become a
paediatrician. Eggi Arguni has been the local lead scientist for
eleven years on the World Mosquito Program, Yogyakarta, which
aims to protect the community from mosquito-borne diseases
through innovative methods and operations. She has published and
authored numerous international journals with different research
focuses. This year at GAMA-ICTM Eggi Arguni will be the pro side of
the debate on ‘To be Boosted or Not?’ in addition of being the
moderator of Wolbachia intervention symposium.
Ary Hoffmann is regarded as a leader in evolutionary biology and

applying evolutionary principles to applied problems. He began his
undergraduate studies at Monash University, Melbourne and the
University of Queensland and then undertook a PhD at LaTrobe
University, Australia. He has investigated how natural populations
evolve in response to environmental stresses, using Drosophila as a
Ary Hoffmann model system and applying the same approach to Trichogramma
University of Melbourne
parasitoids and pest organisms. His work has led to significant
advances in understanding how stressful periods influence
evolutionary rates and how insects adapt to overcome stressful
conditions. He has made seminal contributions to the study of
Wolbachia endosymbionts in insects, including the discovery of
Wolbachia infections in Drosophila, enabling the development of
Drosophila as a model system for understanding the population
dynamics of Wolbachia. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022 Ary Hoffmann
will present on ‘Wolbachia Releases for Disease Control:
replacement, suppression and something in between.
Katherine L. Anders specializes in epidemiological research and public
health practice and has over 15 years of experience. She is currently the
Director of Impact Assessment at the World Mosquito Program (WMP) and
joined this organization in 2015 as Epidemiology Manager after six years at
the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,
two years at the UK Health Protection Agency in London. Katie's work
Katherine L. Anders focuses on implementation science and epidemiological research to
World Mosquito Program; Institute demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of the Wolbachia biocontrol
of Vector-borne Disease, Monash
University method in WMP's global field sites and to support scaled global
implementation of the technology to maximize the public health benefit to
communities at risk of dengue and other Aedes-borne viruses. This year at
GAMA-ICTM 2022, Katherine L. Anders will present on the ‘Latest Evidence
From World Mosquito Program’.
Adi Utarini is a public health researcher who works on disease control for
dengue fever. Her studies began at Universitas Gadjah Mada where she
graduated from the Faculty of Medicine, then completed her Master's
Degree in Maternal and Child Health from the University of College London,
Master of Public Health, and Doctor of Philosophy from Umea University
Sweden in 2002. In 2011 she was awarded as a professor in Public Health at
Adi Utarini Universitas Gadjah Mada; she currently teaches policy and quality
World Mosquito Program management courses and research methods. In healthcare quality, she
Yogyakarta
leads the quality division at the Indonesian Hospital Association. She is the
main editor of the Journal of Hospital Accreditation, published by KARS and
PKMK UMG. Also, she is a member of the National Research Council and
previously served as the vice dean for research, community service and
collaboration at the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing,
Universitas Gadjah Mada. She is one of 10 people who helped shape science
in the 2020 Nature Version. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Adi Utarini will
present on ‘World Mosquito Program Updates’.
Monitoring and impact study symposium
Damayanti Buchori is an insect ecologist by training with a passion for

landscape ecology and land use change. She completed her
undergraduate degree at IPB University, Department of Plant Pests and
Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture; following this; she completed her
Master's in Entomology the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA. She continued her doctoral education at Ecology, Indiana University,
Bloomington, USA. Currently, she is a professor at the Department of
Damayanti Buchori
Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB, Bogor, Indonesia. She is also
Bogor Agricultural University
the Head of the Center for Transdisciplinary and Sustainability Science at
IPB University, Indonesia. She is also the lead Co-chair of Task Force 4:
Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, T-20 2022, Indonesia, one of
the engagement groups of G20. This year at GAMA-ICTM, Damayanti
Buchori will moderate the Monitoring & Impact Study Symposium.
Warsito Tantowijoyo is the Etymology Team Leader at the World

Mosquito Program in Yogyakarta. He graduated from the Department of
Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural
University and then completed his Master in Entomology Graduate
School, Bogor Agricultural University. He continued his doctoral studies
at the Center for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Dept. Of
Warsito Tantowijoyo Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne. He has been an
World Mosquito Program active author of numerous journal articles with various research
Yogyakarta
focuses. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Warsito Tantowijoyo will present
on Wolbachia Establishment/Spread and its Impact on Insecticide
Resistance.
Riris Andono Ahmad currently serves as Director of the Center for Tropical
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing(FKKMK)
Universitas Gadjah Mada. He is a doctor who obtained a Master of Public
Health at the Umeå International School of Public Health, Epidemiology and
Public Health Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. He then obtained
his doctorate from the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC,
Riris Andono Ahmad Rotterdam, The Netherlands. In addition, he also serves as Secretary of the
World Mosquito Program Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Population Health and
Yogyakarta
coordinator of the Course of Field Epidemiology Training Program for the
FKKMK Postgraduate Program. Riris Andono Ahmad has experience as a
consultant in the health sector and a senior researcher and was a WHO
temporary adviser in the Development of Good Health Research Practice
Course Course Module on several occasions. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022,
Riris Andono Ahmad will present on ‘Public Health Impact of Wolbachia
Intervention in Yogyakarta’.
Kat Edenborough is a virologist with over eight years of experience in

discovery biotechnology; her research has led to the development of
animal model systems to facilitate viral and antiviral research. She is
currently a research scientist at Monash University, Australia, investigating
dengue virus evolution and selection of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.
Her studies were completed at The University of Melbourne with a Bachelor
Kat Edenborough of Science (Honors) to begin. Then she proceeded to a PhD in ‘Influenza A
Monash University infection in the respiratory tract and beyond. Kat Edenborough has been
invited to speak at numerous conferences and has contributed to various
academic journal articles. This year at GAMA-ICTM 2022, Kat Edenborough
will present on ‘Mutation on Dengue, Aedes, and Wolbachia’.
Community engagement and ethics symposium
Bekti Andari is a specialist in communications and engagement with

over ten years of experience and a range of diverse projects and
communities across Asia. She has extensive experience in obtaining
support from communities with diverse backgrounds. Her studies began
at Universitas Gadjah Mada with a Bachelor's in Psychology and
progressed to a Master's in Gender and Development at Sussex
University, UK. Bekti Andari has worked as a consultant for numerous
Bekti Andari
organisations and projects, and her most recent position is Asia Regional
Project Manager – Communication and Engagement for the World
Mosquito Program. She received numerous awards, most recently in
2016 from Harian Jogja for The Influential Person for Health Sector
Award. At GAMA-ICTM 2022, Bekti Andari will moderate on ‘Community
Engagement and Ethics’ this year.
Mohammad Hakimi has exceptional expertise in obstetrics and

gynaecology and extensive experience as an evidence-based practice
expert. He is one of the professors at Universitas Gadjah Mada who has
published various scientific publications on a national and international
scale. He began his education in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas
Gadjah Mada, then studied the Obstetrics-Gynecology Specialist Doctor
Education Program at Universitas Gadjah Mada. He has actively authored
Mohammad Hakimi
Universitas Gadjah Mada numerous journal articles cited thousands of times. This year at GAMA-
ICTM 2022, Mohammad Hakimi will present on ‘Ethical Issues on
Community Consent’.
Alan Mee is a community engagement leader and practitioner. He has over
15 years of experience leading global organizations as they engage with
communities. He began his studies with a Bachelor of Geology and Minor in
Computer Science at the University College Dublin and progressed to a
Master of Geology and Computer Modelling at Keele University. His most
recent study was in 2019 with a Diploma in Business Sustainability
Alan Mee Management at the University of Cambridge. Alan specializes in
World Mosquito Program stakeholder engagement, community mobilization, social risk assessment,
cultural heritage, human rights, and social investment. He has worked
across North America, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. This year at
GAMA-ICTM 2022 Alan Mee will present on ‘Modified PAM Model- WMP
Experience’
Citra Indriani has an interest in Medical and Health Science and is currently
pursuing a doctoral degree at Universitas Gadjah Mada with research on
dengue elimination in Indonesia. She is heavily involved in outbreak
investigations and research in infectious diseases. Citra Indriani completed
her Master studies with the ASIA-LINK Scholarship Program in the Field
Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) FK-KMK UGM in 2006. She is
Citra Indriani currently employed at the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and
World Mosquito Program Population Health (BEPH), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing
Yogyakarta
(FK-KMK), UGM. he experience gained during the study process at FETP
made the writer realize that the science of epidemiology has saved
hundreds of children from death and the dead. The author then started his
career as a lecturer and assistant manager in the FETP. This year at GAMA-
ICTM 2022 Citra Indriani will present on ‘Measuring and Monitoring
Community Acceptance Survey in Wolbachia Implementation’.
ABSTRACTS
PRESENTATION
JUDGES FOR ORAL PRESENTATION
Breakout Rooms & Topics Judges
Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS Adi Nugroho (Chairperson)

Rina Triasih
Christa Dewi
Malaria and One Health E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati (Chairperson)
Astri Ferdiana
Henry Surendra
COVID-19 Riris Andono Ahmad (Chairperson)
Anggraini Alam
Eggi Arguni
Dengue and NTDs Rita Kusriastuti (Chairperson)
Tedjo Sasmono
Soroy Lardo
Pandemic preparedness and recovery, Hari Kusnanto Joseph (Chairperson)
Travel Medicine, Anis Fuad
Epidemiology and Surveillance Citra indriani
JUDGES FOR POSTER PRESENTATION
Anis Fuad Riris Andono Ahmad Astri Ferdiana

Eggi Arguni Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto Rina Triasih
E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati Yanri Wijayanti Subronto Citra Indriani
Ida Safitri Laksanawati Tri Wibawa Henry Surendra
ORAL
PRESENTATION
ABSTRACTS
COVID-19
High Level Antibody RBD among Healthcare Worker before the 2nd Booster
Amila Hanifan Muslimah [1], Bachti Alisjahbana [2,3], Marita Restie Tiara [3], Rudi Wisaksana [2],
Hofiya Djauhari [3], Arto Yuwono Soeroto [3], Agnes Rengga Indrati [4]
[1] Department of Internal Medicine
[2] Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of Internal Medicine
[3] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Diseases, Universitas Padjadjaran
[4] Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Department of Internal Medicine
[5] Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
Abstract
Background Fourth vaccine dose (or second COVID-19 vaccine booster) is recommended for healthcare
worker in Indonesia. Antibody level from the first three vaccine dose was expected to wane on all person,
however high transmission of SarsCoV-2 may also keep antibody level high. Our study aimed to determine
the SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody level to consider if the policy of fourth vaccination is necessary.
Methods This is a sequential surveys of health care worker in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. We
conducted the first survey on July 2021, before provision of the third vaccine doses (first booster). Second
survey at August 2021, one month after the third doses, and the third survey was done on August 2022, right
before the fourth vaccine doses. We use a point of care Immunochromatographic assay (FastBioRbdtm) to
measure SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody level where 20 Binding Antibody Unit (20 BAU) is the limit for
seropositive and maximum detection limit of 4000 BAU.
Result The first survey successfully surveyed 571 person, second and third surveys were 357 And 330
persons respectively. Median age of the participants was 41 years old, 46% were phsycian. During the first
survey, SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody level were median 41,4 BAU (0,2 – 2.049,6 BAU ) and 108 person has
negative result. On the second survey, we observed a median of 4000 BAU (840,4 – 4000 BAU). While on the
third survey, we reveal a median SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody level of 4000 BAU (144,8 – 4000 BAU). There were
124 of 330 people (37.5%) with COVID 19 infection between the second and third survey. The results showed
that doctor was associated with antibody lower infection rate and SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody levels post
third vaccination.
Conclusion We did not find waning of humoral immunity to COVID-19 among health care workers in our
hospital. Perhaps this is due to the high transmission of SarsCoV2. Most healthcare workers have very high
level of SarsCoV2 S-RBD antibody level 12 months post third COVID 19 vaccine dose. Based on this result, we
should consider if fourth vaccine dose is necessary.
Keywords: antibody, COVID 19 vaccination, healthcare worker

Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination Status and Spontaneous Abortion in
Pregnant Women
Leo Simanjuntak [1] and Benhard Christopher Simanjuntak [1]
[1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan, Indonesia
Abstract
Background : Pregnant women are at greater risks for morbidity and mortality if infected by the COVID-19.
Therefore, vaccination is critical in mitigating the risks. However, there is still limited data around safety
profiles of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women especially in Indonesia.
Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out from March – June 2022 at a private maternity clinic
in Medan, Indonesia. Subjects were asked to sign informed consent and then were interviewed and
examined. Demographic data, vaccination status, parity, gestational age, and the diagnosis were collected
and statistically analyzed. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were done to analyze the categorical
variables.
Results : Of the 319 subjects, 267 (84%) vaccinated and 52 (16%) unvaccinated. All of the vaccinated
subjects received at least 1 dose to 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy confirmation. There were
70 (22%) subjects with spontaneous abortion and 249 (78%) with normal pregnancy. All of our subjects
were having < 20 weeks of gestation, and majority were in reproductive age (82%) and primiparous (55%).
Multiparity or older gestational age were associated with spontaneous abortion occurence (p < 0.05). We
did not find association between pregnant women vaccination status and spontaneous abortion occurence
(p > 0.05).
Conclusions : Our data indicated that COVID-19 vaccination history was not associated with spontaneous
abortion occurence, and thus, adding information regarding the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in
pregnancy, especially in Indonesia.
Keywords : COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination, spontaneous abortion, pregnant women.

Assessing water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities in Timor-Leste during
COVID-19. Case study: Liquiçá and Manufahi Municipalities
Livia Siri Cruz da Costa, Edmund Weking, Alison Macintyre
Abstract
The provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in healthcare facilities is essential to support safe
and quality care. This has become even more pertinent during the COVID-19 pandemic, where hygiene and
infection control are essential if preventing the spread of COVID-19, especially in healthcare settings.
Currently, there is limited nationally available data on WASH in healthcare facilities in Timor-Leste. To
address this data gap and inform future priorities and programming on WASH health care facilities,
WaterAid assessed all public healthcare facilities in Liquiçá and Manufahi. The assessment was carried out
during 2020 as the COVID-19 response was underway.
In the study, it is found that the majority of facilities meet the basic service level for water and improved
toilets. Almost half of the facilities have amenities for hand hygiene at points of care and toilets. However,
healthcare waste management and environmental cleaning have the fewest facilities meeting basic
services levels, with almost half of facilities not segregating waste or treating and disposing waste safely.
Furthermore, two-thirds of facilities do not have guidelines available for cleaning and do not provide or do
not have staff that have participated in cleaning training for cleaners. Specifically on COVID-19, the medical
equipment disinfection would not be met in 33% of facilities, and less than 10% of facilities would be able
to manage single-use waste safely.
Therefore, there is a need to set targets and define a roadmap, establish national standards, improve and
maintain infrastructure, and then monitor and review data. These have been framed in line with WHO and
UNICEF’s Practical Steps for WASH in healthcare facilities.
Sinovac Vaccine and Presence of a Modest SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD Antibody Level
Prevented Death among Hospitalized Patients In Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung
Nanda Putri Ramadhani [1], Susantina Prodjosoewojo [1,2], Rudi Wisaksana [1,2], Agnes Rengga
Indrati [3], Yovita Hartantri [1,2], Bachti Alisjahbana [1,2]
[1] Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Padjadjaran University,
Bandung, Indonesia
[2] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Diseases, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
[3] Department of Clinical Pathology, Padjadjaran University, Bandung Indonesia
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic contributes to a significant death toll, especially among hospitalized patients.
Sinovac vaccine as the first regiment provided in Indonesia was expected to prevent mortality. Previous
natural infection with a high antibody should as well provide some level of protection. This study aims to
determine whether vaccines provided to patients and high levels of SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibody among
hospitalized patients protect to a fatal outcome.
This study is a retrospective cohort study. We collected data from hospitalized patients who were
confirmed positive for COVID-19, have information regarding vaccination, and have acquired tests of SARS-
CoV-2 S-RBD antibody levels during the first 10 days of hospitalization. We compare the mortality of
patients who have been vaccinated vs not vaccinated. Protection cutoff levels of SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD
antibody levels were determined using ROC analysis. We test of SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibody using Abbott.
From March 2021 to May 2022 we collected total sample of 160 patients and 118 fulfilled the requirements for
inclusion in the analysis. The patient has a median age of 52 years (36 – 64 years), male 51,7 % and 38,1% of
them were vaccinated using Sinovac. Mortality rate among patient vaccinated compared to non-vaccinated
were 3/45 (6,7%) vs 26/73 (35,6%). This result provided RR 0,187; 95% CI (0,060 – 0,583). Based on ROC
analysis, we found the cutoff levels of the SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD which best predict mortality was at 181,2
AU/mL. This level of antibody has a protective effect of 68,6% against the risk of death (adjusted OR 0,314;
95% CI (0,114 – 0,864).
Sinovac vaccine has good efficacy to prevent death among hospitalized patients. Having a high modest
level of SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD at beginning of hospitalization can reduce the mortality rate of COVID-19
patients. It is necessary to implement SARS-VoV-2 S-RBD antibody testing in a COVID-19 treatment protocol
as it has a prognostic and decisive value.
Keywords: COVID-19, mortality, SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibody, prognostic, protective

Acinetobacter baumanii Coinfection in Severe COVID-19 Patients in Wongsonegoro
Hospital ICU
Stefani Candra Firmanti [1], Salma Aulia [2]
[1] Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jln. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang,
Semarang
[2] Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang Jln. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang
Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter baumanii is one of the most common pathogens causing nosocomial
infections with characteristics that are resistant to almost all antibiotics. A. baumanii coinfection in severe
COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU cause worsens patient outcomes. This study aims to determine the
prevalence, bacterial susceptibility profile, and treatment options for A. baumanii coinfection in COVID-19
patients treated at Wongsonegoro Hospital ICU.
Methods: We performed a descriptive, retrospective study data based on medical records of patients with
severe COVID-19 who were admitted to the ICU in Wongsonegoro Hospital from June 2020 to September
2021. Bacterial identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Test was carried out through Vitek 2. Records
were evaluated for prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile from A. baumanii coinfection.
Results: A total of 1089 severe COVID-19 patients were obtained, and around 57.22% (622) were identified
got bacterial coinfection. A. baumanii was the most common cause of bacterial coinfection in 14.95% of
patients (93). The antibiogram profile of A. baumanii showed 100% resistance to ampicillin, aztreonam, and
cefazolin. A. baumanii was shown highly resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol,
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin (97.8%), cefepime, cefotaxime, gentamicin (94.6%), piperacillin (93.5%),
ceftazidime (92.5%), ampicillin-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam (90.3%), imipenem (87.1%),
meropenem (84.9%). The most effective antibiotic against A. baumanii was trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole, with a sensitivity of 55.9%. The prevalence of XDR in A. baumanii was high at 83.87%
(78), and MDR was 4.30% (4).
Conclusion: The prevalence of bacterial coinfection was high in COVID-19 patients treated in the ICU
Wongsonegoro Hospital. A. baumanii was the highest causative agent of bacterial coinfection. Almost no
antibiotics are effective against A. baumanii infection other than trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with
suboptimal sensitivity. Therefore, the discovery of new drugs and treatment protocols for A. baumanii
infection, especially in severe COVID-19 patients, is very urgent.
Keywords: Bacterial coinfection, COVID-19, Acinetobacter baumanii, antibiogram

Comparison of different SARS-CoV-2 serological assays in the seroprevalence analysis
of prospective cohort study (COVID-LIV) in the UK
Wega Wisesa Setiabudi [1], Daniel Hungerford [1,2,3], Krishanthi Subramaniam [1], Natasha Marcella
Vaselli [1], Miren Iturriza-Gomara [1,2,3], Tom Solomon [1,2,3,4], Emily R. Adams [3,5], Nigel A. Cunliffe
[1,2], Lance Turtle [1,3], Neil French [1,3], on behalf of the COVID-LIV Study Group
[1] Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, & Ecological
Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
[2] NIHR HPRU in Gastrointestinal Infections at the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
[3] NIHR HPRU in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
[4] Department of Neurology, Walton Centre, NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
[5] Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Abstract
Background Seroprevalence study provides invaluable information to estimate the extent and impact of
disease distribution within a population in the context of surveillance and emergence of novel infectious
disease. Careful consideration is needed in selecting and utilising serological assay that ensures robust
end-result inference. Here, we provided real-world evidence of how different Covid-19 serological assays
influenced seroprevalence analysis in our cohort.
Method In July 2020, we conducted a prospective Covid-19 household transmission study in Liverpool, UK
where participants underwent weekly nose and throat self-swabbing for 12 weeks and analysed for SARS-
CoV-2 PCR. Blood sample collection was conducted upon enrolment (baseline) and end of weekly swabbing
(follow-up), where we performed three different assays for IgG response from SARS-CoV-2 spike and/or
nucleocapsid antigen: COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test (Fortress); V-PLEX COVID-19 Coronavirus Panel 3 IgG Kit
(MSD); and Mologic Covid-19 IgG ELISA Kit (Omega).
Result From 176 households comprising 434 participants, complete serological status from three assays
was obtained from 287 participants at baseline and 204 participants at both baseline and follow-up.
Proportion of seropositive for Fortress, MSD, and Omega at baseline are 9% (95% confidence interval:
6.1%-13%), 15.3% (11%-20%), and 29.9% (25%-36%) and ever seropositive at follow-up are 15.7%
(11%-22%), 31% (25%-38%), and 35.7% (29%-43%), respectively. Cohen’s kappa statistic between
Fortress-MSD is 0.41; Fortress-Omega: 0.2; and MSD-Omega: 0.17.
Discussion Wide discrepancy of seropositive proportion between tests is a concern that influence disease
distribution estimation within the population. This highlights the importance of independent validation of
serological assays to ensure findings that may influence national public health policy. Continuation of
periodic monitoring serological assay performance, particularly with subsequent findings of new pathogen
variants and widespread vaccination, is essential.
ABSTRACTS
DENGUE
Cytokine Panel for Dengue Infection Severity Prediction
Josephine Diony Nanda [1], Chiou-Feng Lin [1,2,3,4]
[1] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University,
Taipei 110, Taiwan
[2] International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical
University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
[3] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
[4] Core Laboratory of Immune Monitoring, Office of Research & Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110,
Taiwan
Abstract
Backgrounds Dengue Infection is an arboviral disease with several risk factors promoting its progression
to severe disease. Together with its high incidence in tropical and subtropical areas, this disease increases
the burden of the healthcare practitioner, since no available drugs and vaccines widely available up to this
time. Moreover, the dengue warning signs from WHO that were established in 2009, reported in some
assessments do not provide a reliable prediction of severe dengue. For that reason, we aim to find some
biomarkers to predict severity using cytokines, as already proven in several other diseases.
Methods We did some literature study to collect widely checked cytokines in the dengue study and got 24
cytokines as the result. Further, dengue adult patient plasma samples (n = 30) and healthy adult
plasma samples (n = 6) were collected and checked using the Milliplex Human Cytokine
MAGNETIC BEAD 24 Plex customized kit. All cytokine concentrations (pg/ml) were then
converted to log10 and analyzed statistically. We also analyze the clinical parameters in dengue
patients.
Result The findings from our work showed a significant increase in 11 of the 24 cytokines in healthy (n = 6)
compared to dengue patients (n = 30). When we compare mild to severe dengue patients, the only
significant cytokine was IL-18 (p 0.001), accompanied by several clinical characteristics, platelet (p 0.002),
GOT (p 0.001), GPT (p ≤ 0.001), Creatinine (p 0.048), NS1 (p ≤ 0.001), and NST (p ≤ 0.001). Some other near
significant cytokines are IFN-γ (p 0.067), IL-6 (p 0.061), IL-8 (p 0.082), and RANTES (p 0.074). In the severe
groups with and without comorbid, IL-18 was found to increase significantly (p 0.04) together with an
almost significant change in white blood cells (p 0.052).
Conclusion Our findings show the effectiveness of a panel of dengue cytokine/chemokine assays used to
investigate the potential level of dengue severity at acute disease onset and also assist in a deeper
understanding of severe dengue pathophysiology using the cytokine study.
Insecticide Resistance Patterns as an Implication of Vector Control Strategies in
Populations of Aedes Aegypti from Denpasar, Bali
Erly Sintya [1], Wayan Widhidewi [1], Hegard Sukmawati [1], Tangking Widarsa [1], Putu Diah Witari [1], Putu Eka
Kartika Sari [1], Gregor Devine [2], Oselyne Ong [2], Gordana Rasic [2]
[1] Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University

[2] Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Abstract
Background: Dengue is endemic on the Indonesian island of Bali and imposes a heavy economic burden.
The only way to combat transmission is to target the mosquito vector: Aedes aegypti. In the capital,
Denpasar, outbreak areas are treated with insecticidal fogs and space- sprays but little is known about the
operational efficacy of the insecticides currently in use.
Design/Methods: Two molecular methods were used to assess the presence and frequency of major KDR
mutations (989P, 1016G, 1534C) within the Voltage-gated Sodium Channel gene (vgsc) across samples from 3
sites in central Denpasar: Melt-peak analysis and Sanger sequencing. Besides, WHO tube test was done
using Permethrin and Deltamethrin. Deltamethrin (type II pyrethroid) was chosen because this insecticide is
thought to induce resistance based both on the KDR and metabolic mechanisms. For genomic analyses, we
decided on 48 mosquitoes: 15 “susceptible” mosquitoes and 33 “resistant” mosquitoes.
Results: KDR mutations 1016G and 989P were present at >95% frequency in urban Denpasar in 2018,
increasing more than 30% since 2016, while the mutation 1534C decreased in frequency in the same period
(from 27% to ~20%). In WHO tube tests, Aedes from Denpasar showed low mortality rates when exposed to
diagnostic concentrations of permethrin (5.2%). Also, Deltamethrin caused 50% mortality in Denpasar
mosquitoes at the diagnostic time point (30 min) and 100% mortality rate in susceptible mosquitoes from
Australia (Cairns), allowing us to obtain good sample size for both “knocked down” and “alive” groups for
RED-seq analysis. Candidate markers (outliers) were identified in four P450 genes, all of which have been
previously linked to resistance to pyrethroids: CYP325G3, CYP18A1, CYP325T2, CYP6AK1.
Conclusions: Based on molecular detection, we demonstrate that the significant KDR mutations and SNPs
P450 group are presented in Aedes aegypti’s population from Denpasar, Bali. Those mutations are believed
to be responsible for pyrethroid resistance and metabolite resistance respectively.
The Influence of Diet Concentration and Density on Aedes aegypti Larvae which are
Resistant to Bacillus sphaericus 2362 that Impact on Development Time
Tjokropranoto, Rita [1], Satoto, Tri Baskoro Tunggul [2], Tjahjani, Susy [1]
[1] Faculty Medicine, University Christian Maranatha

[2] Faculty Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University Gadjah Mada
Abstract
Background : Aedes aegypti is a vector mosquito that transmit dengue virus.The prevalence of dengue
estimates that 3.9 billion people are at risk of infection with dengue viruses and number of dengue deaths
between the year 2000 and 2015 increased from 960 to 4032. Developmental timing are used to mosquitoe
population control. The use of bacterial larvicides Bacillus sphaericus 2362 (Bs 2362) to control vector
mosquitoes has grown rapidly over the past two decades, will become resistance. Study objectives were
Analysis of various diet concentrations larvae and analysis of various density larvae that affect the
development time of Aedes segypti which resistant to Bacillus spahericus 2362. We hypothesize that
various diet concentration larvae and various density larvae as well as influence the development time of
Aedes aegypti larvae.
Methods : were a laboratory exprimental research design using 900 larvae of Aedes aegypti were reared
from F1 eggs originating from laboratory caught eggs collected in Iquitos which were divided into 8 groups
consist of 4 groups variation concentrations of larvae diet (1%, 2%, 4%, and 8%), 4 groups negative
control that no treatment with Bs 2362 and 4 variation density larvae, 4 group of variation density larvae as
a negative control that no treatment with Bs 2362.The data measured was development time through the
daily counting for each life stage from II-instar to adult emergence Aedes segypti. The number of day
development time were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, continued by Tukey HSD test.
Results: One-way ANOVA of development time Aedes aegypti, variation concentrations of larvae diet was
highly significant with p=0.000. Tukey HSD results showed the development time of Aedes aegypti group I
compared with group II,III, IV concentrations of larvae diet were higly significant p=0.000.One-way ANOVA
of development time Aedes aegypti variation density larvae was highly significant with p=0.000.Tukey HSD
results showed the development time of Aedes aegypti group I of density larvae compared with group
II,III,IV were consecutive p =0.002 and p=0.000.
Conclusions : Increasing diet concentration larvae results in a reduction on development time of Aedes
aegypti and increasing the density larvae Aedes aegypti results on development time was longer.
Keywords: Diet concentration,Density, Aedes aegpty, Resistant, Bacillus sphaericus 2362 Development time
ABSTRACTS
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND
SURVEILLANCE
Clinical Manifestation, Risky Sexual Behavior and Sexual Transmitted Disease In
Individuals With Human Monkeypox Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-
analysis
Putu Satyakumara Upadhana[1], I Putu Hendri Aryadi[1]
[1] Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence suggests another transmission mode of human monkeypox virus (MPXV) are
individual with a history of sexual contact and risky sexual behavior. This study aims to identify the clinical
manifestation, risky sexual behavior, and sexual transmitted disease in individuals with MPXV.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct in the
last 1 year. Pooled prevalence, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals were analyzed using random effect
models meta-analysis of proportional with Stata Ver.17.
Result: In the initial search, 5576 studies were identified. After reviewing all of the studies based on
inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 3577
individuals with MPXV. The most prevalent symptoms were fever (61.0%;95%CI=57.0%-65.0%;p=0.00),
followed by lymphadenopathy (54.0%;95%CI=34.0%-73.0%;p=0.00), headache
(35.0%;95%CI=29.0%-41.0%;p=0.00), myalgia (32.0%;95%CI=27.0-37.0%;p=0.00), and anal pain
(27.0%;18.0-37.0%;p=0.00). The most prevalent risky sexual behavior were men who have sex with men
(92.0%;95%CI=88.0%-97.0%,p=0.00), bisexual (60.0%;p=0.00;I^2=99.98%), chemsex
(36.0%;95%CI=18.0%-55.0%), and heterosexual (27.0%;5.0%-49.0%;p=0.00). The most common sexual
transmitted disease were human immunodeficiency virus (39.0%;95%CI=35.0%-44.0%;p=0.00),
gonorrhea (16.0%;95%CI=6.0%-26.0%;p=0.00), syphilis (8.0%;95%CI=4.0%-11.0%;p=0.01), and chlamydia
(7.0%;95%CI=4.0%-10.0%;p=0.14). The pooled prevalence of hospitalization and history of previous
monkeypox vaccination were 6.0% (95%CI=4.0%-9.0%;p=0.00) and 13.0% (95%CI=10.0%-17.0%;p=0.02),
respectively.
Discussion: Sexual contact and risky sexual behavior could be the most important risk factor for MPXV in
specific populations. Educational campaigns and avoiding sexual intercourse with confirmed/suspected
cases should be prioritized.
Keywords: Human monkeypox virus, risky sexual behavior, sexual transmitted disease
The community seroprevalence of typhus group rickettsiae in Bandung, West Java,
Indonesia
Silvita Fitri Riswari[1,2] , Dewi Lokida[3,4], Deni Pepy Butar-butar[4], Gustiani Salim[4],
Siti Rasnawati Mony[2], Tri Kusniati[2], Herman Kosasih[4], Bachti Alisjahbana[2,5]
[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
[2] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Diseases (RC3ID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung,
Indonesia
[3] Department of Clinical Pathology, Tangerang District Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia
[4] Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Diseases (INA-RESPOND), Jakarta, Indonesia
[5] Department of Internal Medicine, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Rickettsial diseases are important causes of fever in tropical countries, including Indonesia.
Murine typhus, caused by obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria Rickettsia typhi, has been reported
from several hospitalized patients from Bandung. The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is
considered the gold standard for confirmation of rickettsial infection. Still, appropriate diagnostic cut-off
parameters in an endemic setting need to be assessed. This study examined background community
antibodies against typhus group (TG) rickettsiae in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, to provide
seroprevalence and endpoint titer data, which is needed for validation and defining the cut-off of
serological testing in an endemic area.
Methods: One hundred samples were randomized from bioarchived serum samples of healthy adult
subjects of a previously established adult cohort study. The IgM and IgG antibodies against TG were
screened at dilution 1:64 using IFA (Focus Diagnostics®). The IFA slides were examined by fluorescence
microscopy at a magnification of 200. Three trained technicians independently examined the slides.
Laboratory chief adjudicated discrepant results among raters. Positive samples with scores 1-4 were
diluted twice until the endpoint titer could be determined.
Result: Of 100 serum samples were taken from 66 males and 34 females, with a median age of 40 years
(range 21 – 52). Seropositivity of TG IgM and IgG was 40% and 68%. Among them, 36% were positive for
both IgM and IgG TG. The endpoint titer of IgM were determine at titer 64 (47.5%), 128 (40.0%), 256 (7.5%),
and 512 (5%), respectively. While the endpoint titer of IgG were detected at titer 64 (17.7%), 128 (14.7%), 256
(42.6%), 512(16.2%), 1024 (4.4%) and 2048 (4.4%), respectively. No significant age differences between IgM
seropositivity (p=0.68) or IgG seropositivity (p=0.2), and there was no association between gender and IgM
seropositivity (p=0.95) or IgG seropositivity (p=0.3).
Conclusion: This study confirmed the endemicity of rickettsial diseases in Bandung, Indonesia. Further
study is needed to validate and define cut-offs in relation to symptomatic rickettsia cases in Indonesia.
Keywords: typhus group rickettsiae, IFA, Murine typhus, Rickettsia typhi.

ABSTRACTS
HIV/AIDS
Oral Fluid HIV self-testing amongst young key population during COVID-19 Pandemi in
Badung Bali
Hendry Luis[,2], Gusti Ngurah Agus Arimbawa[2], Ni Made Betti Ratricia Surya Dewi[2]
[1] Magister of Health Law, Soegijapranata Catholic University.

[2] Bali Peduli Foundation
Abstract
Background HIV Self-Testing (HIVST) has been recommended as an innovative additional strategy to help
meet the testing gap in hard to reach communities. Besides the common stigma and misconception
around HIV that hinder young key population (KP) especially men who have sex with men (MSM),
transgender and People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) to access the testing services, COVID-19 pandemic put
another detrimental challenge to disrupt the HIV testing. Other means of testing strategy was needed to
supplement the HIV testing. Under the support of Global Fund, Bali Peduli Foundation provides Oral Fluid HIV
self-testing to young KP in Badung Bali.
Description The project was carried out in Badung district which has the second highest HIV burden in Bali
Province. A virtual and face to face approach were conducted to reach out to the discreet and hard to
reach KP from November to December 2021. The prospective candidates were then given HIV Oral Fluid
Testing (OFT). Clients were counsel and guided for the self-testing. Positive client were motivated to attend
a clinic for confirmatory HIV blood testing.
Result 743 clients were reached during the project period, 353 (47.5%) by face-to-face and 390 others
through virtual approaches (52.5%). 100 of them (13.5%) were adolescents <24 years old and 643 people
(86.5%) were >24 years old. 709 MSMs (95.4%), 12 TGs (1.6%) and 22 PWIDs (3%). Only 696 out of 743 clients
were offered OFT, 47 clients dropped out from OFT because they have accessed HIV testing centres within
the last 3 months. Only 95 eligible clients (13.5%) were willing to participate in the OFT and 3 of them (3.1%)
were tested positive and motivated to access the closest HIV clinic for confirmatory tests.
Conclusion: Oral Fluid HIV Self testing is still a novel means of HIV testing to KP. Although the uptake to the
project was low during the brief period, OFT still can be one of the alternative HIV testing to be offered to
KP. No emergencies or social harms were reported during the brief period of the project. OFT is expected to
continue despite the pandemic end and can be scaled up to help bridge the gap of HIV testing amongst KP
in Indonesia.
Intestinal Worm Infection Among HIV Patients in DR. Sardjito Central Hospital,
Yogyakarta
Umi Latifah[1,2], Supargiyono[2], Yanri Wijayanti Subronto[3]
[1] Biology Doktoral Student, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University

[2] Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Community Health and Nursery Gadjah Mada University
[3] Department of Internal Disease Faculty of Medicine, Community Health and Nursery Gadjah Mada University
Abstract
Gastrointestinal disorders are often found in people with HIV/AIDS. Diarrhea is one of the gastrointestinal
disorders caused by intestinal parasites. The risk of being infected by the intestine parasites increased
among the HIV patients due to the weakening immunity, as a result, the intestinal parasites would easily
infect the patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, to identify, and the relationship
between the body immunity level and demografi with intestinal parasitic infection among HIV patients in
Dr.Sardjito Central Hospital Yogyakarta. Out of 75 samples of faeces HIV patients collected from July 2017
until January 2018 based on the results of interviews, medical records, and microscopically examined using
the Kato-Katz, and Harada Mori. Data were analyzed using chi-square test with p-value more than 0.05 so
that the data was not statistically significant. Intestinal parasites found in the study included Ascaris
lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, and Hymenolepis nana. The prevalence of intestinal worm in
HIV patients at Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta from July 2017 to January 2018 was 6 (9,3%) of the 75 stool samples
examined. the lower the number of CD4+ T cells and the clinical stage with symptoms, the more types of
intestinal parasites found.
Keywords: HIV patients, intestinal worm infection, risk factors.

ABSTRACTS
MALARIA
New Antimalarial Drug Candidate Mangrove Plant Sonneratia alba against Plasmodium
berghei Mutant
Andita Fitri Mutiara Rizki[1,2], Wihda Aisarul Azmi[1,2], Muhaimin Muhaimin[3], Melva Louisa[2],
I Made Artika[1,4], Josephine Elizabeth Siregar[1]
[1] Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, JalanRaya Bogor Km.
46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
[2] Master’s Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No.
6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
[3] Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Indonesia
[4] Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University,
Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Abstract
Malaria is one of infectious disease that cause major burden for health aspect in the world, caused by
Plasmodium sp. One of concern faced to control malaria disease is antimalarial drug resistance, thus
requires solution by developing new antimalarial drug. Candidate of new antimalarial drug is expected not
only to kill sensitive parasite, but also the resistant one. The variation of sensitive and resistant parasites is
representing conditions in the field.
The mangrove plant Sonneratia alba has potential antimalaria activity against rodent parasite Plasmodium
berghei. This mangrove plant extract also has activity to inhibit DHODH enzymes in Plasmodium
mitochondria. We have collections of P.berghei atovaquone resistant with mutation in cytochrome b
mitochondria, and this mutation response to the mitochondria function. P.berghei Y268S atovaquone
resistant has been selected due to mutation similarity in human malaria. Therefore, we aimed to
investigate the efficacy of S.alba extract in P.berghei Y268S atovaquone resistant by in vivo method.
The method of antimalarial testing in rodent model was performed using standard suppressive test 4 days
treatment. Groups of 8-12 weeks BALB/c mice infected with P.berghei Y268S atovaquone resistant were
treated with variation doses of S.alba extract [1, 10, 30, 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)] with 3 mice per group
treatment. Bloodsmear observation were conducted for 4 days treatment.
The parasitemia level of group mice infected with P.berghei Y268S atovaquone resistant treated with S.alba
extract showed the increase growth of parasites with dose dependent (the higher dose has the slower
growth of parasite) compared with untreated group. Furthermore, P.berghei Y268S atovaquone resistant
group treated with atovaquone therapeutic dose showed the increase of parasitemia level during
treatment. As the temporary result, S.alba extract has potential antimalarial activity against P.berghei
atovaquone resistant.
Keyword: antimalarial, Sonneratia alba, Plasmodium berghei, atovaquone resistant

STRATEGY MALARIA PREVENTION IN THE ARMY MILITARY THE REGIONAL BORDER OF
INDONESIA WITH THE PAPUA NEW GINI (Study On Border Security Task Force August
2019-April 2020 Period)
I Made Winarta[1], Tri Yunis Miko[2], Mako Mondastri[2], Agnes[3]
[1] The Headquarter of Indonesia Military Preventive Health Unit Cilangkap Street East Jakarta, Indonesia
[2] Epidemiology Department, Public Health Faculty of Universities Indonesia, Building the 1st Floor, UI New Campus,
Depok, Indonesia
[3] Parasitology Department, Public Health Faculty of Universities Indonesia,
Abstract
Background. Indonesian Army sends Indonesia-PNG Border Security Task Force to the operation area of
Papua which known as Malaria endemic area. The assignment during 10 months in the endemic area allows
the soldiers to be exposed to malaria infection. In August there were 865 soldiers became malaria victims
and 2 of them died. The aim research is to find out the strategy Indonesia armed forces which is based on
three combined strategies: i) Anopheles vector control to prevent infection with the implementation of
personal protection against vectors (PPAV) adapted to the field living conditions of the troops. ii) Monitoring
complete treatment for those who can get malaria attacks. iii) Management of cases through early
diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent death. In isolated conditions in endemic areas, rapid
diagnosis tests (RDT) are used as first-line tests by military doctors. and implementation of malaria
prevention conducted by Indonesian Army in pre deployment at home base and deployment at operations
area. This study used qualitative methods with observation 1350 soldier, 3 Group Focus Discussion (Group
officer, Group private and Group cases of malaria) and 3 Group in-depth interviews, (group battalion
command, doctor and paramedic group, retired group of doctors and paramedics focus group discussion
and direct observation in operation area. The result of the research found the gaps in the implementation
of strategies malaria prevention on border security task force. Personal protection, the absence of
promotion media for malaria prevention, the lack of insecticide support for daily clothes, personnel did not
use Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) and repellent, Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) were less effective, and
did not meet the environmental management. The absence of regular drug monitoring in malaria patients
so that the recurrence rate is high. The environmental management obstacle was due to the local
culture/custom clash (Hak Ulayat). Conclusion implementation of the study will be discussed.
Keywords: endemic malaria, border security task force, malaria prevention strategy
Plasmodium falciparum Transferases as Potential Antimalarial Targets: A Systematic
Review
Mesyalie Lorenza[1], Enrica Angelina Salim[1], Steve Anthonius Lefrand Makalew[1], Elizabeth
Sidhartha
[1] Department of Biomedicine, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences
Abstract
Introduction Malaria is the world's deadliest vector-borne disease, accounting for 627 thousand deaths in
2020. Eradication of this disease has become more challenging due to the rapid development of multidrug-
resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). Concerning this issue, researchers have been actively
trying to discover new antimalarial drug targets. Pf transferases have been proposed as plausible
molecular targets due to their involvement in many biological functions of the parasite. The current review
highlights and describes several drug-interacting Pf transferases for treating malaria.
Methodology A systematic review was carried out on published literature on drug study design, specifically
those targeting Pf transferases. Articles published from 2010 to 2022 were retrieved from three research
databases; ProQuest, EBSCO, and PubMed. The search terms applied were “Plasmodium falciparum” AND
“blood-stage transferase” AND “drug study.” Articles uploaded to Rayyan were screened by three reviewers
in a blind-on mode.
Results A total of 1,109 records were extracted from the three electronic databases. Only 20 articles were
eligible for qualitative analysis. From the eligible research articles, 11 types of drug-interacting Pf
transferases were identified and classified into three categories based on their major functions; metabolic
regulation, lipid biosynthesis and protein lipidation, and epigenetic regulation.
Conclusion Pf transferases are a promising albeit still mostly unexplored drug target for malaria, especially
when compared to other types of Pf proteins. These transferases play a key role in the parasite’s survival
generally through three different means; metabolism, lipid biosynthesis and transport, and epigenetic
regulation. Some of these transferases have also been shown to successfully reduce drug-resistant Pf
populations when targeted by their inhibitors. Overall, these reasons support the further development of
small molecules targeting Pf transferases as future malarial drug targets.
Development of Rodent Malaria Parasite Model Resistant to Artemisinin
Wihda Aisarul Azmi[1,2], Andita Fitri Mutiara Rizki[1,2], Yenny Djuardi[2], I Made Artika[1,3], Josephine
Elizabeth Siregar[1]
[1] Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor 16911,
Indonesia
[2] Master’s Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430,
Indonesia
[3] Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor
Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Abstract
Malaria is one of the vector-borne infectious diseases targeted for elimination and eradication by WHO in
2030. Despite the use of artemisinin combination therapy, the emergence of parasite resistance has been
reported, especially in the Greater Mekong Subregion and Southeast Asia. Thus, finding new antimalarial
drug candidates is urgently needed, notably with the potency to inhibit the sensitive and resistant
parasites.
Previously, our laboratory has developed mutant Plasmodium berghei resistant to atovaquone and
pyrimethamine drugs. These mutant parasites are used as a screening model for new antimalarial drug
candidates. Now, we are developing an artemisinin-resistant P.berghei adopting the preceding method with
adequate doses of drugs without completing the treatment named Repeated Incomplete Treatment (RIcT).
Two groups of 10 BALB/c mice (8-10-week-old) infected with P.berghei were treated with two therapeutic
doses of artemisinin 10 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW, respectively. The drug administration was done by
injecting the mice intraperitoneally. The RIcT cycle was started when the parasitemia level reached 2%,
then the mice were treated daily with artemisinin until it decreased to 0.5% or less. After the recovery
period was observed (parasitemia level 2%), the drug treatment was resumed. This regime was repeated
until the phenotypic resistance was observed.
The two experimental groups showed similar cycle lengths with different trends of parasitemia levels. The
first group of 10 mg/kg BW showed a dramatic increase in growth after resuming treatment in the second
cycle of RIcT. The second group of 20 mg/kg BW experienced the same phenomenon. However, they had a
lower trend of growth compared to the first group in the middle of drug treatment. Interestingly, the two
groups underwent a climatic increase in parasitemia levels in the second week after starting the RIcT
cycle. Molecular analysis should be performed to investigate the predicted gene target corresponding to
artemisinin-resistant.
Keywords: antimalarial drug resistance, artemisinin, Plasmodium berghei, artemisinin-resistant

ABSTRACTS
NEGLECTED TROPICAL
DISEASES
Mapping the Five-Years Research Trend on Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in the
WHO South-East Asia Region Countries: A Bibliometric Analysis
Ichlasul Amalia[1], Nighat Sultana[1], Aney Rijal[1], Anis Fuad[2]
[1] International Health Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia
[2] Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) impose an enormous burden globally, especially on
marginalized communities in tropical and subtropical countries. It puts a quarter of the world’s population
living in the World Health Organization’s South-East Asia Region (WHO SEARO) at risk. Minimizing the burden
of NTDs is the target of the WHO NTDs Roadmap 2021-2030. This paper aimed to explore the trend and
contribution of SEARO members to NTDs-related scientific literature.
Methods: This study evaluated 7,799 articles on NTDs, defined by WHO NTDs Roadmap 2021-2030, in the
PubMed database. Research conducted in or articles published by SEARO countries from 2017-2021 were
included for analysis. Research objectives were visualized through bibliometric analysis and knowledge
domain mapping.
Results: The number of publications constantly increased in these five years, with the domination from
India (60.4%), Thailand (17.2%), and Indonesia (6.2%). However, comparing the number of articles against
the population, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand ranked highest with a ratio of 4.89, 2.25, and 1.97 per
100,000 population respectively. PLoS Neglected Tropical Disease Journal published the highest number of
papers on NTDs (357), with 4680 citations. Most of the first author’s affiliations were from non-SEARO
countries, with the United Kingdom being the most contributive country (13.3%). Dengue, leishmaniasis,
and leprosy were trending topics based on the most common keywords found.
Conclusion: The findings point towards a lack of NTDs research and development (R&D) activities in the
WHO SEARO region. Aside from India, Thailand and Indonesia, other countries' contributions remained
negligible. The current focus on diseases remained on only 9 out of 15 groups of NTDs extensively found in
the region. These results highlight the need for boosting R&D activities in SEARO to support achieving the
WHO NTDs Roadmap targets by 2030.
Keywords: Neglected tropical diseases; South-East Asia; WHO SEARO; Research and development; Bibliometric
Bibliometric Profile of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Research in Indonesia:
Analysis from 2012 - 2021 in PubMed
Mandira Ajeng Rachmayanthy[1], Anis Fuad[2], Ichlasul Amalia[1]
Indonesia
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: According to the U.S Agency for International Development (USAID) Act to End Neglected
Tropical Diseases organization, there are more than 260 million people in Indonesia who are at risk for one
or more NTDs. NTDs need more attention through research and development that can contribute to
reducing diseases and disability-adjusted life years related to NTDs. This study will provide a mapping of
research on NTDs in the last decade in Indonesia and the trends or dynamics of NTDs through co-
authorship, co-authors collaboration, citation, and journal publishers. It can give recommendations on
where NTDs research and development in Indonesia should continue in the future.
Methods: This study conducted a bibliometrics analysis where the literatures were collected from PubMed
within January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2021. The query from PubMed was used for analysis on April 10th,
2022 after being filtered by Rayyan software. We identified 119 publications analyzed through Vosviewer
(version 1.6.18) or Tableau before interpreting them to bibliometric analysis.
Results: Indonesia's NTDs literature mainly related to neglected diseases mixed with research methods,
topics about antibody, dengue virus, dengue infection, and vaccination. In the last decade, dengue has been
a favorite topic over all neglected tropical diseases. Besides dengue, we scarcely found articles on
chikungunya, leprosy, helminthiasis, rabies, and filarial elephantiasis. No publications were discovered
about other NTDs in Indonesia.
Conclusions: As an endemic area to dozens of NTDs, Indonesia needs to increase its research and
development toward controlling and eliminating NTDs to support the World Health Organization (WHO) NTDs
roadmap target by 2030. The findings of this article can be used as the basis for program development to
minimize the burden of NTDs in Indonesia, especially on neglected diseases, that was not found during our
literature search.
Keywords: Bibliometrics, Research, LMICs, Neglected tropical diseases, Indonesia.

Prevalence and Risk Factor of Hepatitis B Among Pregnant Women in Kupang City, East
Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Marni Tangkelangi[1], Yuanita Clara Luhi Rogaleli[1], Adrianus Ola Wuan[1], Wilhelmina Sani[1]
[1] Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang
Abstract
Hepatitis B during pregnancy was a treating condition for both mother and fetus. Prevalence of Hepatitis B
in Indonesia was 0,39, East Nusa Tenggara was 0,35 and Kupang City was 0,37 based on Basic Health
Research in 2018. This study was done to provide data related to the magnitude of Hepatitis B cases that
detected on pregnancy. This study aims to measure the prevalence of hepatitis and its risk factors among
pregnant women in Kupang City. This study was a nonreactive research, population of this study was all
pregnant women who did the HBsAg Rapid Test at Public Hospital in Kupang City and recorded in medical
record, the sample of this study was 345 pregnant women who visited the hospital during January –
December 2021 using total sampling technique, prevalence of hepatitis was calculated and data obtained
was analyzed using chi-square and fisher exact test for the hepatitis B risk factor. Result of this study,
prevalence of Hepatitis B among pregnant women were 19,7% (66 of 345). Risk factor of hepatitis B on this
study was more than one sexual partner (p= 0.000, OR= 53,26), while Pregnant women age (p = 0.597),
gestational age (p = 0.597), and parity (p = 0.329) were not the risk factors in this study. Conclusion,
prevalence of Hepatitis B among pregnant women in Kupang City was high, having more than one sexual
partner was risk factor of pregnant women in Kupang City. It is recommended to encourage early detection
and Hepatitis B vaccine on pregnant women to provide specific protection.
Keywords: Pregnant Women, Hepatitis B, Kupang City.

ABSTRACTS
ONE HEALTH
ABSTRACTS
PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS
AND RECOVERY
Women empowerment in strengthening healthcare delivery through digital literacy and
resilience to pandemic preparedness and recovery
Erlin Erlina
FK KMK - UGM
Abstract
Objectives of the research are to explore community voices, experience, and resilience during COVID-19
pandemic in Indonesia. The underlying assumption and analysis during pandemic often addressed
women’s burdens such as lack technological literacy, the expansion of unfair domestic work, and increase
women’s unpaid work (Susilawati, 2020). However, this research reveals grassroots women's piety and
movement in public healthcare and deliveries such as prevention, promotion, curation and rehabilitation.
This research is a qualitative method and analysis of socio cultural assessment during COVID-19 pandemic.
The data were juxtaposed with both online platforms and field visit observation, in-depth interview,
narrative’s writing and focus group discussion. Taken from bot rural and urban setting, our study in
Yogyakarta found women’s resilience. The women have utilized technology infrastructure WhatsApp that
allows community to access to public health services and information. The digital technology has been
used not only to gain access to health information and services but also as a tool to build neighborhoods
network and take collective action to disease mitigation and healthcare. Data obtained from study in both
village and urban kampung are high citizen solidarity that can strengthen health architecture by using a
combination between social capital and digital communication tools. In the face of assumption that women
are not seen as capable and vulnerable group in the wider Indonesian society, this research set out to
investigate the significant roles that women at the grassroot level have played in facing one of the most
significant challenges to the global order in the 21st century like pandemic preparadness and recovery.
Killip Grade Classification in Heart Failure Patients with Integration of Electronic
Healthcare Records and Other External Data Using Neural Networks for Pandemic
Preparedness and Recovery
Yusuf Maulana[1], Dimas Chaerul Ekty Saputra[2]
[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[2] Department of Computer Science, College of Computing, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Abstract
Backgrounds : Comorbidities or comorbidities can worsen the situation of people infected with the virus,
even during a pandemic, one of which is COVID-19, which has lasted for two years to date. One of the
comorbidities that have the highest risk is heart failure. To measure the mortality rate from heart failure,
doctors usually use Killip grade. The higher the Killip Grade, the higher the mortality rate in the hospital. This
study aims to classify the type of Killip Grade class to help medical personnel in hospitals determine the
appropriate class for preparedness and recovery when a pandemic occurs.
Design/Methods: The data used in this study used patient data as many as 2008 patients, with each
patient having 167 data on clinical features or characteristics. This dataset will then be used to determine
the Killip Grade of each patient using machine learning methods with Neural Network algorithms. This study
is divided into two datasets, 80% of the data is used for training, and 20% is used for testing. In
classification, oversampling techniques and parameter optimization are applied to get better performance
values.
Results: The machine learning algorithm applied in this study accelerated medical personnel in classifying
the Killip Grade class in heart failure patients to speed up the treatment based on the appropriate class.
Conclusions: Using the neural network's method, we get an accuracy of 99.005% in classifying Killip
Grade.
Keywords: killip grade, heart failure, machine learning, neural network

ABSTRACTS
TRAVEL MEDICINE
The Challenges of Rabies Prevention Through Canine Vaccination in Tourism
Destination Sanur, Bali, Indonesia
Made Indra Wijaya[1], Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri[2], Made Agus Hendrayana[3]
[1] Unit Kesehatan Pariwisata, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa
[2] Unit Kesehatan Pariwisata, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
[3] Unit Kesehatan Pariwisata, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana
Abstract
Introduction: Rabies was first reported occurred in Bali, Indonesia, an Island previously declared free of
transmission, in November 2008. In 2022, mass canine vaccination was implemented as primary
prevention, along with door-to-door canine vaccination, since the virus is reported re-emerged in
Jembrana and Buleleng Districts. However, this strategy has not successfully controlled rabies outbreak
and the low coverage of canine vaccination is suspected as the cause of on-going transmission. This study
is intended to explore facilitators and barriers to rabies prevention through canine vaccination.
Method: We conducted semi-structured interview in the tourism destination Sanur to explore facilitators
and barriers of canine vaccination during mass vaccination campaign. The study was conducted in May
2022. Fifteen key informants were purposively selected (13 male and 2 female, age median was 34.5 years,
13 were dog owners). All interviews were transcribed and coded independently by two coders. The data was
analysed inductively and the themes emerged were integrated in the social ecological model.
Results: At the personal level, we found that lack of knowledge regarding rabies transmission among dog
owners was the barrier of canine vaccination. At the organisational level, poor-organised announcement of
mass vaccination campaign also hindered the program. Low dog owners’ trust on vaccinators decreased
the motivation to bring their dogs to the vaccination spots.
Conclusion: A well-designed risk communication could enhance knowledge about canine rabies. Timely
announcement of mass canine vaccination would improve dog owners’ participation. Small alterations in
the vaccination spots could increase public’s trust and hence enhance their motivation.
Key words: rabies prevention, canine vaccination, tourism destination, Bali

ABSTRACTS
TUBERCULOSIS
Get Diagnosed Before and After COVID-19 Pandemic: The Catastrophic of DR-TB Patients
Cost in Indonesia
Firdaus Hafidz[1] Christa Dewi[1], Riris Andono Ahmad[1], Ari Probandari[1,2], Annisa Satriani[1], Agus
Kuntarto[1]
[1] Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Center for Tropical Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia,
[2] Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis and Covid-19 have a great potential to worsen the financial state of
impoverished individuals and households. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of the catastrophic
costs experienced by multidrug-resistant TB (DR-TB) patients’ before and after COVID-19 pandemic in
Indonesia.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using stratified cluster random samples of Indonesia
national representatives. There were 178 DR-TB patients were interviewed. Patients who were on treatment
for at least two weeks during their intensive or continuation phase were recruited. We collected cost
included direct cost, income loss, time loss, non-medical cost, income, and coping strategies. DR-TB
patients diagnosed before March 2020 were grouped into before Covid-19 pandemic, or otherwise for after
Covid-19 pandemic. We used logistic regression to analyze the data.
Results Sixty-five percent were male and 79% at their productive age. More than 90% of respondents
were having health insurance. The average total household cost was 515 USD. Cost of patients who get
diagnosed in pandemic was doubled to diagnosed before pandemic. The highest cost component for
diagnosed before pandemic was income loss (234 USD) while diagnosed in pandemic was direct non-
medical cost (1,181USD). More than doubled patients who were diagnosed in pandemic need to take a
combination of strategies to cope with TB expenditures compared to those who were diagnosed before
pandemic (71.4% vs 32%). Both, the prevalence of catastrophic cost before and after March 2020 was
more than 80%. We found four risk factors of catastrophic cost that were diagnosed after March 2020, low
economic status, having treatment observer and being hospitalized
Conclusions Covid-19 pandemic is a huge challenge to eliminate catastrophic cost of TB patients in
Indonesia. Substantial improvement of social protection is vital to protect patients with strong engagement
of stakeholders in addressing Covid-19 situation.
Implementation challenges in the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme for Nutritional
Support of Tuberculosis patients in India
Atul Shendge [1], Deepak Bhagat[2]
[1] MPH Scholar, Jindal School of Public Health & Human Development, OP Jindal Global University, India
[2] Consultant, National Health Systems Resource Centre, India
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disproportionately affects marginalized sections of the society. There is a
direct relationship between TB and undernutrition. Moreover, adequate nutrition is essential for successful
treatment. India contributes to almost 1/4th global burden of TB. The National Tuberculosis Elimination
Programme (NTEP) provides Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) for nutritional support to patients of tuberculosis
under Nikshay Poshan Yojana. The abstract provides a policy analysis and implementation challenges of
this DBT nutritional scheme in India.
Method: A desk review of existing policy documents, national guidelines, research articles and
commentaries was conducted to understand the challenges in the implementation of this scheme. The
relevant information was extracted and triangulated by the information provided by field implementers and
presented in the analysis.
Result: A total number of 2.13 million TB-infected individuals were notified to be eligible for this scheme in
2021. Only 62.1% of these beneficiaries were provided at least one DBT. The major implementation
challenges identified were: 1) limited access in difficult terrain; 2) lack of awareness in the beneficiaries; 3)
lack of national ID and bank accounts; 4) internalized stigma to share documents for registration; 5) fear of
being outed and; 6) delays in transfer of funds. Moreover, the delays in the disbursements limited the actual
benefit of nutritional support.
Conclusion: There is a need to review the current implementation of the scheme and link the
disbursement of DBT with treatment uptake. The provisions of e-transfer or nutritional support through
DOTS provider can also be considered as alternatives.
Spinal Tuberculosis in Indonesia: a 5-year epidemiology, and risk factor
Astri Ferdiana [1], Fahrin Ramadan Andiwijaya[2, 3], Luthfi Azizatunnisa[1], Vitri Widyaningsih[4],
Theresia Puspitawati[5], Ari Natalia Probandari[4], Retno Setianing[6], Wafiyyah Rizki Wiariyanti[1],
Dyah Purnaning[2]
[1] Universitas Gadjah Mada
[2] Universitas Mataram
[3] Universitas Airlangga
[4] Universitas Sebelas Maret
[5] Universitas Respati Yogyakarta
[6] RS Ortopedi dr. Soeharso
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis is the third leading cause of mortality and fourth highest contributor to
Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in the world. Spinal tuberculosis accounts for approximately 50% of
bone tuberculosis cases, one of the most common extrapulmonary TB case. While Indonesia ranks second
in the burden of tuberculosis globally, the burden of spinal tuberculosis is little known.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record review on patients diagnosed with spinal
tuberculosis between 2017 – 2021 in Soeharso Hospital in Solo, Central Java. The following criteria of cases
were applied 1) diagnosed with spinal tuberculosis based on physician’s diagnosis at discharge or ICD-10
codes, 2) admitted to the hospital between 2017-2021, and 3) age of 5 years and above. Clinical, radiological,
and laboratory examination were retrieved and analysed descriptively using KOBO Collect and R-Studio.
Results: A total of 312 medical records were included. The median age was 49.5 years, with 54.1% being
female. Axial pain was the most common presenting symptom (71%), followed by weakness in lower limbs
or difficulty in walking with 17%. Most patients (66%) presented a pathological fracture on the spine seen
on plain radiograph, while 20% presented fracture and kyphotic gibbus. Approximately 40% of patients
had a history of trauma or fall, while 35% had previously received TB treatment.
Conclusion: Our preliminary results showed that the clinical characteristics of spinal tuberculosis varies.
More data are needed to analyse preventable risk factors for neurological progression and to promote early
rehabilitation.
Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Among Miners: A Retrospective Study from a Copper
Mining in Indonesia
Silvester Alexandro Sikora[1], Firdy Permana[1]
[1] Department of Public Health and Malaria Control, International SOS – Freeport Site, Papua, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Controlling Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in mining area has become a challenge. Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Diabetic Melitus (DM) and working in underground suggest as the risk factor
of TB infection. Contact investigation done as the part of prevention.
Design/Method: This was a retrospective study among copper mining employees receiving TB treatment in
Papua from January 2019 – September 2022. The data was recorded in national TB database. Contact
investigation was conducted to active TB cases. Work location, DM and HIV status were identified as the
risk factors of TB infection in study area. Missing cases has been excluded from the analysis. Chi-Square
test was used to assess the correlation. Multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression.
Results: From 235 TB patients, 189 were pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 46 were extrapulmonary TB.
Most of the patients were male (95.3%, 224/235). Patients refused HIV testing accounted for 10 (14.2%)
while reactive and indeterminate patients were 34 (14.5%) and 4 (1.7%), respectively. In total 23 (9.8%)
categorized as DM based on HbA1C examination. No correlation between DM and PTB infection (OR 0.90
(95%CI 0.29 - 2.82), p=0.863). Under- ground and mine surface workers had higher risk of being PTB than
those who working as support/administration (aOR 4.29 [95%CI 1.34-13.71], p<0.05; aOR 6.13 [95% CI 1.96-
19.7], p<0.05). Patients with HIV were more likely to get PTB infection (aOR 3.07 [95% CI 1.31-7.19], p<0.05).
Contact investigation was done among positive smear patients. Contact Investigation Rate (CIR) fluctuated
since 2019-2022 (98.11%, 64.28%, 69.7%, 83.3%). From 427 close contacts screened for TB, 4 active TB
cases were found.
Conclusions: Working in mining area and HIV infection increased risk of PTB infection. Therefore, HIV
screening, industrial hygiene measures and contact investigation should be done to lower TB transmission
in mining operation.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV, Diabetic, Contact Investigation, Mining, Workplace

Investigation Contacts for Detection of Latent TB Cases and Provision of TPT and Active
TB among Contacts in Mimika district, Papua, 2020-2022
Yoma Kristiani Tarukbua[1], Trisasi Lestari[2], Novita Margaretha Ambarita[3]

[1] Global Fund TB
[2] Pusat Kedokteran Tropis FKKMK UGM
[3] RSUD Mimika
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is preventable and curable, yet it is the world’s second-deadliest infectious
disease (behind COVID-19). An estimated 1.8 billion people, of which 35% are from Southeast Asia, including
Indonesia, are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Up to 10% of them will become ill with active TB
in their lifetime, enabling them to infect others.
To eliminate TB, it is important to prevent the activation of latent TB infection. Investigation to contacts of
active TB patients is a key strategy to identify individuals with latent TB. This study will report on the
coverage of active TB case findings and identification of latent TB cases and provision of treatment
preventive TB (TPT) from contact investigations activity in Mimika district, Papua.
Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, to 5905 contacts of 1,897 TB patients from 1 January
2020 to 26 October 2022 in Mimika district, Papua. Data were collected from each health facility and the TB
Information System. Data were compiled and analyzed descriptively in an Excel file.
Results: Between January 2020 to October 2022, there were 1897 patients who underwent contact
investigations or 37.7% of total TB patients in Mimika districts, 43 (2.2%) were diagnosed as drug-sensitive
tuberculosis (DS-TB) patients and 3 (0.1%) as drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients. Of 5905
contacts, 5819 (98.5%) were contacts of DS-TB patients and 86 (1.4%) were contacts of DR-TB patients. In
2020 there were 91 contacts (17.7% of eligible contacts and 15.6% of eligible child contacts under-5) who
received TPT, but only 25 in 2021 (4.8% of eligible contacts and 2.8% of eligible child contacts under-5), but
this increased to 402 or 77.6% and 9% of eligible child contacts under-5 in 2022 due to comprehensive TB
screening in Mimika’s prison. TPT regimen used are 3 HP (327, 64.1%), 6H (160, 31.3%), 3 HR (11, 2.1%), 6 Lfx
(12, 2.3%), and Lfx+E (10, 1.9%). The final outcome of treatment, completed treatment 318 (57.9%), failed 1
(0.1%), and lost to follow-up 22 (4%).
Conclusion: Implementation of TPT is increasing in Mimika district, Papua. Several regimens are available,
and the short TPT regimen using 3HP is the preferred regimen.
POSTER
PRESENTATION
ABSTRACTS
COVID-19
Assessing the effectiveness of the heat-treatment method as an alternative method of
nucleic acid extraction for detecting SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR technique in limitation
of extraction reagents
Alhawaris [1], Yadi [1] Nataniel Tandirogang [1]
[1] Medical Faculty, Mulawarman University
Abstract
Background: The increase in the number of COVID-19 cases could cause disruptions to the global supply
chain of commercial kits for the extraction of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid so that the COVID-19 screening
process has the potential to be hampered. Another alternative method that can be used is the heat-
treatment (HT) method. This study aims to assess the quality of the results of the RT-qPCR examination for
the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the HT nucleic acid extraction method.
Methods: The samples were nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and then underwent nucleic acid
extraction using the magnetic beads extraction (MBE) / commercial kit and the HT method on the same day
(less than 6 hours). The nucleic acid extraction results from both methods were then amplified using the
RT-qPCR technique, then compared and analyzed the results.
Results: The results showed that qualitatively there was a very significant difference in the interpretation
of the results between the two nucleic acid extraction methods (McNemar test, p > 1; p > 0.05). Qualitative
comparative analysis also showed that there were very significant differences in ct (cycle threshold) values
in the SARS-CoV-2 genes detected between the two nucleic acid extraction methods (McNemar test, p = 0; p
< 0.01). While the value of ct in human gene between the two methods of nucleic acid extraction
qualitatively there was no significant difference (McNemar test, p = 1; p > 0.05). The use of HT method for
extraction will be more effective on cells or microorganisms that have genetic material in the form of DNA
than RNA.
Conclusion: The HT method is not recommended for use in the diagnosis of COVID-19. The use of this
method as a screening in moderate to severe symptomatic populations under condition of limited
extraction reagents may be considered.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Heat-Treatment Method, Nucleic Acid Extraction, RT-qPCR

Seroepidemiological Study of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 in
North Sulawesi
Windy Mariane Virenia Wariki [1]; Janno B. B. Bernadus [1]; Meyer Ferdinand Wowor [1]
Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University
Abstract
Pandemi Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (Covid-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) telah menjadi masalah di seluruh dunia. Mengestimasi
seroprevalensi SARS-CoV-2 adalah bukti penting untuk evaluasi penyebaran virus dan pemantauan
perkembangan pandemi Covid-19 dalam suatu populasi. Tujuan khusus: 1) Mengukur seroprevalensi SARS-
CoV-2 secara kuantitatif pada populasi umum, menurut kelompok umur dan jenis pada daerah perkotaan
dan pedesaan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara; 2) Membandingkan risiko serokonversi SARS-CoV-2 pada baseline
(pengambilan data pertama) dan pengambilan data kedua; 3) Menguji hubungan antara seroprevalensi
dengan karaktersitik sosiodemografi, gejala dan tes Covid-19 yang dilaporkan, serta faktor risiko Covid-19;
4) Menganalisis seroprevalensi SARS-CoV-2 di antara kontak rumah tangga populasi seropositive yang
berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Studi ini merupakan penelitian epidemiologi analitik eksperimental dengan
disain kohort terhadap populasi di Kota Tomohon (daerah urban) dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sitaro (daerah
rural) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu penduduk tetap selama 6 bulan terakhir, berusia mulai dari 6
tahun, tidak sedang memiliki gejala dan tanda Covid-19, dan bersedia berpartisipasi dengan
menandatangani informed consent. Jumlah sampel ditentukan berdasarkan perhitungan sampel minimum
untuk study kohort dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan power 90% ditambah dengan 10% loss of follow
up adalah sebesar 300 sampel tiap tahun. Sampel akan dipilih berdasarkan teknik multistage random
sampling. Data serologis akan dilakukan mulai dengan pengambilan spesimen darah 5ml dan akan
diperiksa dengan metode Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) di Laboratorium Biomolekuler Fakultas
Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi (FK Unsrat). Data epidemiologis termasuk karaktersitik demografi,
riwayat Covid-19, faktor risiko, penyakit peserta akan dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Pengambilan data
akan dilakukan sebanyak dua kali dengan interval waktu 6 bulan untuk membandingkan seroprevalensi
SARS-CoV-2 pada dua kali pengambilan spesimen darah. Analisis univariat dan multivariat akan dilakukan
untuk menganalisis seroprevalensi kumulatif yang disesuaikan untuk setiap sampel, dan mengevaluasi
faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan serostatus pada setiap kunjungan dengan analisis univariat dan
multivariat. Semua informasi akan disimpan oleh Ketua peneliti di FK Unsrat dengan kerahasiaan terjaga.
Penelitian akan dilakukan setelah mendapat izin dari Komite Uji Etik FK Unsrat. Investigasi
seroepidemiologi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat dalam: 1) menentukan faktor risiko infeksi
Covid-19 dengan membandingkan paparan individu yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi; 2) menentukan
rasio kematian kasus; 3) berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan kebijakan kesehatan berbasis bukti di
Indonesia secara khusus di Sulawesi Utara untuk penanggulangan COVID-19 dengan menyediakan data
karakteristik epidemiologis dan serologis utama dari virus SARS-CoV-2.
COVID-19 Vaccination Status and Pregnant Women’s Perceptions of Pandemic Omicron
COVID-19 Wave In Indonesia
Leo Simanjuntak [1] and Benhard Christopher Simanjuntak [1]
[1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction: Pregnant women are susceptible to COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 vaccination protects
pregnant women. This study is aimed to determine pregnant women’s perception on COVID-19 vaccination
and its relation to the Omicron Variant wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from February to March 2022. Subjects were asked to
sign informed consent and fill out a questionnaire. Demographic data, vaccination status, and perception
of the pandemic were collected and statistically analyzed.
Results: Of the 361 study subjects, 219 (60%) vaccinated and 142 (40%) unvaccinated. The vaccinated
pregnant women were less anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001, OR 2.24). Pregnant women with
higher education or those who work were also less anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.05; OR 1.58
and OR 1.6). Most subjects who were unvaccinated were afraid of the vaccine effects to the fetus (62%).
Emergence of the Omicron variant is the most cause of anxiety (38%). While the most reason for pregnant
women who were not anxious is because they had received vaccination (55%).
Discussion: Individuals who have been vaccinated have a feeling of assurance that reduces the mortality
likelihood due to COVID-19 infection. This reduction in stress and anxiety levels was significantly reduced
even after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, thus the COVID-19 vaccination can provide a sense of
assurance for pregnant women in facing the Omicron COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Pregnant women, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination, Perception of anxiety.

The Association Between CoronaVac Vaccine Doses and the Severity of Acute
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) at The Secondary Referral Hospital in West Nusa
Tenggara, Indonesia
Qodrathun Arifia [1], Desak Made Dinda Kartika Utari [1], Melia Fadiansari Suriansyah [1], Rina Lestari,
[2,3], Metta Octora [3]
[1] Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat General Hospital, Mataram, Indonesia
[2] Pulmonology Department, Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat General Hospital, Mataram, Indonesia
[3] Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia
Abstract
Purpose
To analyse the association between the dose of CoronaVac vaccination and the severity of ARDS in the
Province of NTB General Hospital.
Patients and Methods
This is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional method involving confirmed COVID-19 patients
aged 18-59 years whose blood were analysed in the isolation ICU at the Province of NTB General Hospital in
the period of March 2021 – March 2022. The data was taken from the subjects’ medical records by the
consecutive sampling technique and analysed by Spearman test.
Results
Total of 51 subject, the male subject was 52.9% and the mean age was 47.64 years. The majority of
participants (78.1%) had not had any vaccinations, whereas 13.7% and 2.3% had gotten the first dose of
the vaccine, respectively (7.8 percent ). More subjects presented with dyspnea (86.3%), cough (80.4%), and
fever (60.8%). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the main comorbidities (13.7%). This study's
outcomes included being deceased (47.1 percent), alone (35.3 percent), and recovered (17.6 percent ). The
PaO2/FiO2 ratio has a mean value of 127.21. The CoronaVac vaccination doses did not significantly correlate
with the severity of ARDS in subjects who were unvaccinated (p = 0.93), had gotten the first dose of the
vaccine (p=0.47), or had received the second dose of the vaccine (p=0.43).
Conclusion
The dose of CoronaVac vaccination was not associated to the severity of ARDS in COVID-19 patients treated
in the ICU isolation at the Province of NTB General Hospital.
Keywords: CoronaVac, ARDS, COVID-19, Vaccine

Potential Ethnomedicine Of Wedang Uwuh Herbal Drink As Anticoagulant for COVID-19
Sufferer
Novita Sari [1], Titah Dewi Rahadian [1], Hastiwi [1]
[1] STIKES Guna Bangsa Yogyakarta
Abstract
Ethnomedicine is the medical science of ancestral heritage which is during the COVID-19 pandemic has
become one of the sciences that need to be more studied. Blood clots are one of the many sepses caused
by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus as a form of the human body's response to attack of the SARS-CoV-2
virus. These blood clots are usually characterized by an increase in the D-Dimer of COVID-19 patients. The
use of anticoagulants, in this case, is very necessary to prevent the increase in mortality of Covid patients.
The increasing use of anticoagulants causes the limited number of anticoagulant drugs in health facilities
so an alternative anticoagulant is needed which can be obtained from ethnomedicine which is often
consumed by the public, one of which is the wedang uwuh drink which consists of several herbal spices.
This study examines the anticoagulant activity of wedang uwuh herbal drink using the Lee- White method
and blood smear. Anticoagulant activity testing was carried out by looking at the Time it took for the blood
to freeze after adding wedang uwuh extract, 96% ethanol (negative control), and EDTA (positive control)
and looking at the red blood cell profile under a microscope (blood smears)
The results of the study using the Lee-White method showed that 500μl wedang uwuh extract by boiling
added to 3mL volunteer blood samples was able to prevent the coagulation process in the absence of
coagulation for more than 24 hours. Observations on blood smear preparations added with wedang uwuh
extract also showed that the blood cells were round and not clustered. It can implified that wedang uwuh
herbal drink extract can be used as novel anticoagulant alternative for COVID-19 sufferer.
Keywords: Wedang uwuh, Covid-19, Anticoagulant

The Effect of Comorbid DM and Blood Glucose on Mortality of Severe COVID-19
Pneumonia Patients receiving Corticosteroids at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang
Nyoman Satvika D. Y. [1], Putu Moda Arsana [2], Laksmi Sasiarini [2]
[1] Resident Doctor for Subspecialty Programme in Endocrine Metabolic and Diabetes, Internal Medicine
Departement of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital Malang
[2] Supervisor, Consultant at Endocrine Metabolic and Diabetes, Internal Medicine Departement of Faculty of
Medicine Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital Malang
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). WHO has recommended the use of systemic
corticosteroid therapy in patients with severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia. However, the use of
systemic corticosteroids is also a major contributor to hyperglycemia which is a strong prognostic
predictor of poor outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) is one
of the most widely reported comorbidities in COVID-19 patients which affects the risk of morbidity and
mortality and systemic corticosteroids can aggravate hyperglycemia in patients with this comorbidity.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of DM and blood glucose on mortality in patients with
severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received corticosteroids. Methods: The design of this study was an
observational retrospective which was conducted on the medical records of COVID-19 patients who
received convalescent plasma therapy at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang (RSSA). Of the 229 patients who
received convalescent plasma therapy and had fairly complete data, there were 85 patients with severe
COVID-19 pneumonia who received corticosteroids with blood glucose data for analysis.
Results: There were significant differences in mortality rates in DM and non-DM patients (OR 3.091; CI 1.232-
7.756; p=0.015) with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received corticosteroids. Analysis of blood glucose
levels shows that the mean random blood glucose (RBG) and initial RBG levels were higher in patients with a
death outcome compared to those who lived (mean RBG 176.07 ± 72.0 mg/dl VS 133.23 ± 56.38 mg /dl,
p=0.02; initial RBG 198.40 ± 127.13 mg/dl VS 141.57 ± 73.28 mg/dl, p=0.022. Conclusion: DM and blood glucose
levels (mean RBG and initial RBG) affect mortality rates in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who are
given corticosteroids.
Keywords: COVID-19, type 2 DM, blood glucose, mortality

Comparison of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD and the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization
test in confirmed COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 subjects
Chrisan Bimo Prayuda [1], Endah Tri W [1], Tara Titian Maulidya [1], Marita Restie Tiara [1], Hofiya
Djauhari [1], Bachti Alisjahbana [2]
[1] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
[2] Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
Background. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) is an indicator of protective immunity against COVID-19. NAbs
can be measured using surrogate virus neutralization test (SVNT), however, it needs to be conducted in
referral lab. FastBio-RBD test is a rapid fluorescent immunochromatographic assay that can be conducted
at point of care. This study aim to compare the antibody kinetic of FastBio-RBD test result to the surrogate
virus neutralization test (SVNT) among subjects infected with COVID-19.
Method. This was a case-control study involving subjects from Livzon (V-01) vaccine clinical trials who
acquired a vaccine or placebo at the beginning. Subjects’ health was monitored regularly, serums were
sampled at predetermined intervals, and PCR swab examinations were performed if the subject showed
symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection. Serums were tested for NAbs using FastBio-RBD and SVNT.
The value and kinetic pattern of anti-RBD and SVNT were compared between COVID-confirmed subjects
and Non-COVID-19 Subjects.
Results. Twenty-nine subjects were included in the study. There were 12 subjects confirmed COVID-19 and
17 Non-COVID-19 group. Anti-RBD in both groups were increasing from day 0, peaked at day 111, and slightly
decreased at day 201. Similar patterns were observed using SVNT. Among subjects infected with COVID-19,
FastBio-RBD detected lower antibody levels compared to non-infected subjects at day 49, 111, dan 201
respectively, but this difference was not significant. In the other hand, SVNT did not show a difference in
the neutralization activity trend. Therefore, we think there is a trend that fastBio RBD is more specific to
detecting low protection levels.
Conclusion. This study shows that FastBio-RBD is a more distinctive increasing level of antibody compared
to SVNT which may be related to a lower level of protection against COVID-19. We hypnotize this may be
used for determining the level of protection that has been achieved for a person after vaccination.
Keywords: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD, SVNT, COVID-19

SAR-CoV-2. Variants and Mutations: Literature Review
Evi Susanti [1], Debby Ratno Kustanto [2], Indah Putri Ramdhanti [3], Mellia Fransiska [4], Cici Apriza
Yanti [5], Tika Ramadanti [6], Rita Gusmiati [7], Ega Aprisia []
[1,3] Fakultas Kebidanan Institut Kesehatan Prima Nusantara Bukittinggi
[2]Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Institut Kesehatan Prima Nusantara
Bukittinggi
[4,5,6,7,8]Fakultas Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Institut Kesehatan Prima Nusantara
Bukittinggi
Abstract
Background: SAR-CoV-2, as the cause of Covid-19, is growing and spreading very quickly to various parts
of the world. As of October 26, 2022, WHO recorded 625,740,449 cases of COVID-19, including 6,563,667
deaths. There are many mutations in SAR-CoV-2.
Objective: discusses variants and mutations of SAR-CoV-2 as the cause of Covid-19
Method: This study employs Literature Review. This literature review objectively summarises past research
on a subject. Synthesis of evaluated material gives a complete picture of the issue.
Result: From the results of this Literature Review, according to the distribution issued European Centre for
Disease Prevention and Control, are divided into four parts, namely Variant of Concern, namely Omicron
(BA.2, BA.4, BA.5), Variant of Interest, namely Omicron (BA.2.75 and BQ.1), Variant under monitoring, namely
Omicron (B.1.1.529, B.1.1.529), de-escalated Variants (Alfa, Epsilon, Eta, Theta, Kappa, lota, Zeta, Mu, Lambda,
Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.3, Omicron BA. 2+ L452X and Omicron XAK).
Correlation of occupational risk group with IgG and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD levels in
unvaccinated subjects
Endah Tri Widanarti [1], Hofiya Djauhari [1], Tara Titian [1], Chrisan Bimo Prayuda [1], Marita Restie
Tiara [1], Bachti Alisjahbana [2]
[1] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Diseases (RC3ID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
[2] Department of Internal Medicine, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University,
Bandung, Indonesia.
Abstract
Background. The global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to have profound and
devastating effects worldwide. Workers bear a particular risk of exposure during these times but research
on the correlation between occupational risk groups with IgG and Anti-SARS COV-2 RBD levels is limited.
This study aims to describe the proportion and correlation of occupational risk groups with IgG and Anti-
SARS-CoV-2 RBD levels in unvaccinated subjects.
Method. This cross-sectional study involved 965 subjects who participated in a vaccine study in Bandung
from November 2021 to January 2022. All were tested for rapid IgG qualitative test, One-hundred-and-
eighty-four subjects were selected using convenience sampling and tested for quantitative Anti-SARS-CoV-
2 RBD. Subjects were divided into 3 occupational risk groups: high risk (227 subjects), medium (91 subjects),
and low (647 subjects) based on OSHA Classification.
Results. Eighty-eight subjects (9.1%) had positive IgG The proportion of seropositive IgG was highest in
low-risk group (67 (10,4%) subjects) followed by medium risk (7 (7,7%) subjects) and high-risk group (14
(6,2%) subjects). Positive anti-RBD was obtained in 124 (67,4%) subjects. The low-risk group had highest
median anti-RBD (18,7 (IQR 0,22-60,5) AU/mL), followed by medium-risk group (8,9 (IQR 0,06-30,4) AU/mL)
and high-risk group (6,4 (IQR 0,06-13,9) AU/mL). There was a negative correlation between occupational risk
group and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD in unvaccinated subjects (p=0,00). Subjects who had high level of Anti-
SARS-CoV-2 RBD were housewives (13 (81,3%)), security workers (4 (80%)), and employee subjects (14
(75%)). These groups of people were mistakenly classified as having low risk in OSHA classification.
Conclusion. There was a negative correlation between occupational risk group based on OSHA
Classification to prevalence of IgG positivity and level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD among unvaccinated
subjects. Housewives need more attention in the risk of Covid-19 transmission.
Keywords: Occupational risk group, IgG, Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD

The accuracy of qualitative antibody rapid tests in determining Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD
antibodies protection levels
Tara Titian Maulidya [1], Hofiya Djauhari [1], Endah Tri Widanarti [1], Chrisan Bimo Prayuda [1], Marita
Restie Tiara [1], Bachti Alisjahbana [1,2]
[1] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Diseases
[2] Department of Internal Medicine, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjajaran,
Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
Background. The presence of Anti-S-RBD antibodies protect against infection and severe illness. Level of
neutralizing antibodies can be measured using PRNT/SVNT or ELISA method, but it can only be done at the
referral laboratory. Theoretically, we can have a simple rapid immunochromatographic test to determine if
a certain level of Anti-S-RBD has been achieved.
Objective: To assess the accuracy of two prototypes qualitative antibody rapid tests for determining Anti-
S-RBD antibody levels.
Methods. We conducted a diagnostic study using 94 serum samples with various levels of anti S-RBD. Two
prototypes (product A and B) were tested on these serum samples. Using the FineCare (Wondfo co.)
quantitative immunofluorescent analyzer as gold standard, we calculate the best cutoff points level
determined by these products. We also determine their accuracy to detect positive serology (> 1 AU/mL)
and the level corresponding to 70% protection (59.7 AU/mL).
Results. According to the ROC curve, we obtained the best anti-RBD value accuracy of 1,3 AU/mL for
product A (sensitivity 90,2% and specificity 86.3% ) and 39,1 AU for product B (sensitivity 78,6% and
specificity 95.6%). Sensitivity and specificity at seropositive level of 1 AU/mL are 89,0 % and 85,7 % for
product A and 39,3 % and 100 % for product B. Meanwhile, sensitivity and specificity at 70% protection
levels of 59.7 AU are 100% and 36,3% respectively for product A and 80,7% and 93,7% for product B.
Conclusion. Product A is more sensitive in determining positive serology, whereas, product B has a high
specificity in determining whether the 70% level of protection has been reached. Product A could be useful
to determine the level of serology, while product B could potentially be beneficial to determine if 70%
protection level of has been reached.
Keywords: COVID-19, Qualitative Antibody Rapid Tests, Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD Antibody Levels

Characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in COVID-19 Patients at Dr.
Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang
Brian Jordan Yuwono, Masayu Farah Diba, Tia Sabrina, Ella Amalia, Ella Amalia
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease that has caused many deaths worldwide. COVID-19
patients can be co-infected, one of the most common bacteria to cause co-infection is Pseudomonas
aeruginosa which can cause antibiotic resistance and is widespread in the environment. COVID-19 patients
who have a bacterial infection have worse symptoms and a higher mortality rate. This study aims to
determine the characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in COVID-19 patients at Dr. Mohammad
Hoesin Hospital Palembang so that it can help in controlling infection in the future.
Method: This study is an observational descriptive study with secondary data containing the status of
COVID-19 patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the Medical Records and Central Laboratory
Installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang during the period of March 2020-December 2021.
The samples in this study were all patient records that met the inclusion criteria which was then analysed
using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 25 program.
Results: There were 67 COVID-19 patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infection was most common in male patients (62.7%), age range 46-65 years (35.8%), admitted
to the ward (85.1%), sputum specimens (52.2%), and with comorbidities of the respiratory system (50.7%).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most resistant to the antibiotics namely cefazolin (100%) and tigecycline
(100%).
Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang is most common in
COVID-19 patients with certain characteristics. Patients with these characteristics are important to note to
reduce the incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa coinfection in the future. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is
the most resistant to the antibiotics namely cefazolin and tigecycline. Treatment in hospitals need to be
guided by antibiotic susceptibility testing because Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance patterns vary
widely.
Keywords: COVID-19, Co-infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The Role of Plasma Osmolarity in the Mortality of Covid-19 Patients
Indiastari, D. [1], Budiarti, N. [1], Candradikusuma, D. [1], Rosandy, M.G. [1]
[1] Tropical and Infectious Disease Division. Internal Medicine Department. Faculty of Medicine Universitas
Brawijaya.
Abstract
Background: New type of pneumonia caused by SARSCoV-2 creating a widespread pandemic around the
world, cause multiorgan failure, uncommon need temporary support such as ventilator or haemodialysis
device. A number of condition closely related to an imbalance of body fluids or fluid distribution which
cause osmolarity changes. Hyperosmolar conditions in patients with Covid-19 remain to be evaluated as a
predictive factor in the occurrence of death in critical conditions.
Purpose: to find out whether the role of plasma osmolarity in Covid-19 patients, the differences as well as
predictors in hospitalized patient mortality.
Methods: Retrospective data of 205 Covid-19 patients admitted when second wave Covid-19 pandemic in
Indonesia, mainly due to delta SARS-CoV-2 variant. Data were collected and compared between patients
who died and improved, early and repeated plasma osmolarity was calculated and analyzed, clinically
applicable cut-offs were derived using ROC curve analysis as well as their correlations were studied.
Results: Among 205 patients data were obtained, 164 patients (80%) aged less than 65 years old, 109
patients were died, 60 (57,1%) of them who were critically ill. Initial plasma osmolarity were not corelates
significantly with the mortality of Covid-19 patients (p 0.507), however repeated calculated plasma
osmolarity were surprisingly had correlations with the mortality (p 0.000). The died patients sub group
analysis, repeated plasma osmolarity was increased in patients with hypertension and acute kidney injury
comorbid (p 0.017 and p 0.003). A repeated plasma osmolarity had a good level of accuracy in predicting the
outcome of patients with COVID-19 (sensitivity 71.3%; specificity 73.4%). The applicable cut-offs based on
ROC curve in predicting mortality were 277.32 mOsm/L (AUC 0.788). The repeated plasma osmolarity 277.32
mOsm/L had PPV 75%, and <277.32 mOsm/L had NPV 69.3% (OR 6.77).
Conclusion: Clinically cut-offs for repeated calculated plasma osmolarity could predict the mortality of
Covid-19 patients better than initial plasma osmolarity. In patients with hypertension and acute kidney
injury, increased repeat plasma osmolarity was associated with mortality risk.
Keywords: Plasma osmolarity, Mortality, COVID-19, comorbid

DESIGN OF SMART-CODEIN MOBILE HEALTH APPLICATIONS FOR CO-EPIDEMIC
SURVEILLANCE OF COVID-19 AND DENGUE
Sang Gede Purnama [1], I Made Subrata [1], Pasek Kardiwinata [1]
[1] Udayana University
Abstract
Background: Cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and dengue continue to increase, currently there is a
co-epidemic in Indonesia. For this reason, an integrated digital surveillance system is needed to carry out
early detection of dengue and COVID-19. Objective: to develop a model of an integrated surveillance system
for COVID-19 and Dengue co-epidemic with the SMART-CODEN digital application. Methods: This research
was conducted in two stages. The first stage, a qualitative study with in-depth interviews related to the
development of the SMART-CODEN system. The second stage, developing digital media with a system
development life cycle (SDLC) approach, namely planning, system requirements analysis, system design,
and software development. Results: Based on a qualitative study, it was found that during the COVID-19
pandemic, a digital information system was needed to conduct surveillance for COVID-19 and dengue.
Digital technology is useful in collecting data quickly, reducing paper usage, reducing human resources, not
requiring data storage warehouses, reporting can be integrated. For the implementation of digital
intervention activities, it is necessary to prepare supporting facilities such as computers, memory capacity
and mobile phone specifications, user training, internet or wifi networks. The SMART-CODEN application
design is a digital surveillance system for integrated COVID-DENGUE case reporting.
Keywords: dengue, covid-19, digital, co-epidemic

ABSOLUTE LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AND NEUTROPHIL-TO- LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AS A
PROGNOSTIC TOOL FOR COVID-19 PATIENTS AT ADMISSION IN MANADO ADVENTIST
HOSPITAL
Faglyne Ramschie [1], Elizabeth Sidhartha [1], Glady I. Rambert [1]
Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to utilize usage of absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil-to-
lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic tool to determine the length of stay (LoS), severity, and outcome of
COVID-19 patients.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in Manado Adventist Hospital to investigate and compare ALC
and NLR among 146 patients with COVID-19 diseases.
Result: The odds ratio (OR) of ALC (0.315) and NLR (1.476) were found to be statistically associated with the
increased severity of the disease. Moreover, the hazard ratio (HR) of NLR (0.873) and ALC (0.519) were found
to be an independent risk factor for a longer LoS in the hospital. However, only NLR with an optimal cut-off
value of 5.87 and 7.81 are considered to be good predictor for disease severity, length of stay, and outcome.
Conclusion: In conclusion, NLR and ALC is considered an independent risk factor for predicting the
disease's severity, length of stay, and outcome. However, only NLR with an optimal cut-off value of 5.87 and
7.81 can be used as a diagnostic performance tool for predicting the severity, length of stay, and disease
outcome.
Implementation of Covid-19 Protocol in Dead Body Related to Covid-19 Infection
Riza Mahendra Kusumo [1], Yudha Nurhantari [1]
Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico Legal, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas
Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta
Abstract
Background: Covid-19 Pandemic resulted in a number of illnesses and deaths. The spread of this disease
has rapidly infected the people around the world. A strict covid-19 protocol was widely disseminated to
decrease the transmission, including the treatment to the dead bodies. However, religions and local culture
also have strict rituals to the dead body which may disobey the covid-19 protocols. This discrepancy may
result in the loss of the hospital protocol in releasing dead bodies related with covid-19 infection to the
family which may endanger them. The objective of this study is to find out the implementation of dead body
management related to covid-19 infection in the Installation of Forensic Medicine and Medico Legal Dr.
Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.
Design/Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of the implementation of management of
dead bodies related to covid-19. The demographic data, including the cause of death, confirmation of
covid-19 infection, and burial protocol for covid-19, were taken from the medical records in the Installation
of Forensic Medicine and Medico Legal Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta in the period of 1 July 2020- 31July
2021.
Results: The total number of subjects confirmed of covid-19 infection are 1649 bodies, with the burial
protocol covid-19 was performed in 96,5%. The negative confirmation of covid-19 infection followed with
burial protocol of covid-19 were found in 57 bodies.
Conclusions: In general, implementation of covid-19 protocol to the dead body was appropriate with the
standard. A small percentage of inappropriate procedures were found with the reason of religion and
culture. However, the bodies related to covid-19 release without having the appropriate procedures may
endanger the family and community.
Case series: Long-COVID in Children
Fatia Murni Chamida [1], Nabila Assakinah [1], Ida Safitri [1], Rr Ratni Indrawanti [1], Desy
Rusmawatiningtyas [1], Yunika Puspa Dewi [2], Eggi Arguni [1]
[1] Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[2] Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing,Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 cases in children are found to be fewer than in the adult , with 35% asymptomatic.
However, it was reported that 31-32% of children infected with COVID-19 had long COVID. There is no
studies in Indonesia that have reported the incidence of long COVID in children.
Methods: This case series is a prospective study that conducted from 1 March to 15 July 2022, at the
Pediatric’s department of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Four patients that confirmed as COVID-19 by SARS-
CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (real-time RT-PCR), were evaluated in twelve weeks for long
COVID manifestation. We assessed the symptoms at the time of diagnosis, two weeks, four weeks, and
twelve weeks after diagnosis was made.
Results: This study reports 4 patients, aged 3 to 17 years old with comorbidities who have not received the
COVID-19 vaccine. The lenght of persisting symptoms and the subjective symptoms that reported are
different for each child.
Conclusions: In this case series, the patient’s symptoms persisted up to 2-12 weeks after being diagnosed
with COVID-19. The most reported symptoms are fever, runny nose, and cough.
Keywords: Long Covid, post-COVID syndrome, Children
Relationship between D-dimer and C-reactive protein Levels with the Disease Severity
in COVID-19 Patients at Mataram University Hospital
Sang Ayu Nyoman Putri Pradnyasari [1], Moulid Hidayat [1], Prima Belia Fathana [1]
[1] Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease by SARS-CoV-2.
This disease mainly effects the respiratory system. In some cases, COVID-19 can be life-threatening due to
excessive immune reactions which is marked by increased levels of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP)
in the body. Left untreated can lead to complications such as ARDS, shock, and even death. This study aims
to determine the relationship between D-dimer and C-reactive protein levels with the disease severity in
COVID-19 patients at the Mataram University Hospital.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Data collection took
place in March-May 2022 at the Mataram University Hospital. Subjects were selected using consecutive
sampling methods through medical record data. The statistical test used the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney
comparative tests.
Results: A total of 64 subjects were selected, of which 48 subjects underwent a D-dimer examination and
58 underwent a CRP examination. Most subjects were in the age group 18-59 years (64.1%), with the male
gender (56.3%). There were 10 subjects (20.8%) had normal D-dimer levels, and 38 subjects (79.2%) had
elevated D-dimer levels. Normal CRP levels were found in 6 subjects (10.3%), and 52 subjects (89.7%) had
elevated CRP levels. The results of the bivariate test analysis showed p-value = 0.002 for D-dimer levels
with severe symptoms, and CRP levels with severe symptoms showed p-value = 0.02.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation statistically and clinically between D-dimer and C-reactive
protein levels with the disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: COVID-19, D-dimer, CRP, disease severity

The Mortality Outcome of COVID-19 Patients with Hypertension In UGM Academic
Hospital, Indonesia
Ratna Dewi Puspita[1,2], Purwadi Sujalmo[1,3], Rizki Puji Agustin[1], Nesti Desi Ari[1]
[1] Academic Hospital, UGM, Indonesia

[2] Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM, Indonesia
[3] Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Limited information is available to describe the affected population's characteristics and the
COVID-19 patients' outcomes. It is essential to analyze the current data to understand better the relative
importance of several factors related to events in the development of the pandemic and the death of
symptomatic patients with COVID19. Hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, affecting
approximately 31.1% of adults (1.39 billion) worldwide in 2010. Hypertension was associated with increased
poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19, and the association was not affected by age, gender, presence of
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or COPD. This study explores the mortality outcome of COVID-19 patients
with hypertension in Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Academic Hospital.
Methods: This study is a retrospective study. Data were taken from 200 medical records of COVID-19
patients in the intensive care unit from August 2020 until February 2021 (six months).
Results: The demographic data of patients in this study have similarities with several previous studies,
which stated that most patients were male, aged < 65 years old, with multi- comorbidities. The result of this
study is that COVID-19 patients with hypertension had mortality outcomes similar to the normotensive
patients (p>0.05).
Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with hypertension had mortality outcomes similar to the normotensive
COVID-19 patients in UGM Academic Hospital, Indonesia.
Keywords: Hypertension, COVID-19 patients, mortality outcome, Indonesia

Clinical significance of high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte
ratio as early biomarkers and predictors of poor short term outcome of patient with
COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to rural hospital
Arina Papita Simanungkalit [1], Achmadi Eko Sugiri [2]
[1] General Practitioner of Ade M Djoen Public Hospital of Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan
[2] Internist of Ade M Djoen Public Hospital of Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan
Abstract
Introduction: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are known as
chronic inflammatory markers, but furthermore, they have been suggested to predict the severity of COVID-
19 patients. Progression of diabetes is mainly affected by ongoing chronic inflammation in many organ
systems. This study aims to assess the association between Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as early biomarkers and predictors of poor short term outcome of
patient with COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to rural hospital.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, using secondary data from medical records at Ade M
Djoen Sintang Public Hospital in Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. The data were retrieved from March -
December 2021.
Results: There were 63 patients that met the inclusion criteria (61,33% men, mean age 52±9,2 years), and
were grouped based by severity of presenting illness. We found that high PLR and NLR were associated in
T2DM patients with severe and critical illness (p value = 0.009 and 0.045 respectively), compared to those
with mild to moderate illness (p value = 0,332 and 0,056, respectively). Both increase of PLR and NLR were
associated with poor outcome and death within admission in hospital (p value 0,046 and 0,021).
Conclusions: High PLR and NLR had clinical significance with severity of T2DM patients with severe-critical
illness of COVID-19 icompared with those with mild-moderate ones, and increase of these biomarkers were
associated with poor outcome within admission in hospital.
Keyword: COVID-19, Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, diabetic ketoacidosis, short

term outcome, infection, rural hospital
The Meaning of Masking Practices amongst Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A
Quantitative Study
Agus Indiyanto [1], Muhammad Soufi Cahya Gemilang [2], Natasha Devanand Dhanwani [3]
[1] Department of Anthropology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

[2] Resilience Development Initiative
[3] Institute of Human Rights and Peace Studies, Mahidol University
Abstract
This study attempts to discuss the factors that promote the acceptance of universal medical mask use
among Indonesian students. The disciplined use of masks at every opportunity to engage in activities
outside the home reflects not only adherence to health protocols required by the government, but also a
change in life that leads to medicalization. This paper addresses this phenomenon by examining what
factors promote the adoption of these medical masks. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey
of 146 students from different universities. The study found that the level of knowledge about COVID -19
largely determines the decision to wear a mask for all activities outside the home or to use a mask with
little discipline. This study also reinforces the importance of socio-cultural factors in building the tradition
of mask wearing on campus, which is an important element in suppressing the re-emergence of COVID -19
virus.
keywords: medical masks, decision making, sociocultural factors, medicalization, university students
ABSTRACTS
DENGUE
CLIMATE ANALYSIS TO PREVENT DENGUE HEMORRGAGIC FEVER IN TASIKMALAYA AND
CIMAHI CITY
Lukman Hakim [1], Wawan Ridwan [1], Gurendro Putro [1]
[1] National Research and Agency,
Abstract
Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an environment-based disease that is strongly influenced by
human behavior, climate and environmental conditions which results in the availability and accessibility of
breeding sites for dengue vectors. Rainfall, air temperature, humidity are environmental factors that affect
dengue fever. From the government sector, prevention is in the form of DHF Surveillance and DHF
prevention policies. This study aims to analyze the relationship of climate data which includes rainfall,
temperature and humidity with the incidence of DHF in Tasikmalaya City and Cimahi City.
Methods: The data of rainfall, humidity and air temperature to cases of DHF was obtained from the monthly
DHF morbidity rate for 5 years, namely the period from 2014 to 2018 and January 2019 from the Health
Office of the City of Tasikmalaya and the City of Cimahi. Analysis using non-linier regression multivariate
test to know the relationship all data.
Results: Data analysis Rainfall, temperature, and humidity from multicollinearity analysis in the city of
Tasikmalaya and the city of Cimahi showed significant data but the effect was only 13.6% with the rest
influenced by unknown factors. The results of the Poisson regression analysis of rainfall, temperature and
humidity data can be used as one of the variables to predict the number of dengue cases in the next
month. This result is not much different from that carried out by the Indonesian Ministry of Health
regarding climate analysis and dengue cases in Bali and East Kalimantan.
Conclusions: Rainfall and humidity are related to dengue cases so that they can be used as variables to
predict the incidence of dengue fever in the coming month in Tasikmlaya City, West Java. Meanwhile, in
Cimahi City, climate variables that can be used as variables to predict the incidence of dengue fever in the
coming month are air temperature and humidity
Keyword: Climate DHF, Prevent DHF, Climate analysis

Problems Analysis of Dengue Hemorraghic Fever in Blitar City, East Java Province 2021
Silvia Novike Arinta [1,2], Atik Choirul Hidajah [1], and Nanang Saifudin [2]
[1] Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population and Health Promotion, Universitas Airlangga,Surabaya
Indonesia
[2] Blitar City Health Office, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: The larva-free index of Blitar City in 2019-2021 has not yet reached the target of ≥95%. It may
cause Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) transmission, outbreak even death. Purpose: This study aims to
analyze the problem of DHF in Blitar City in 2019-2021. Methods: This study is a descriptive observational
with a case study design using secondary data. Problems identification using system approach. Problems
prioritization using CARL (Capability, Accessibility, Readiness, and Leverage) method. The root cause of the
prioritized problem was identified with fishbone diagram. Results: Problems identification found the non-
optimal implementation of G1R1J, irregular larva checking, and inadequate risk factors control at the
household level, public places and institutional places. The non-optimal implementation of G1R1J is the
prioritized problem with the highest score. The root cause identification using fishbone diagram showed
that the causes of the Man factor can be identified by limitations in human resources, lack of knowledge,
attitudes, and practice about G1R1J. The Money factor can be identified by the insufficient fund for G1R1J
implementation. The Material factor can be identified by limitations in health promotion media, jumantik
kits, and larva monitoring cards. The Method factor can be identified by the lack of massive socialization of
G1R1J and the lack of assistance in implementing G1R1J. The Machine factor can be identified by the
absence of the larva-free index reporting application. Conclusion: It is necessary to advocate and socialize
G1R1J, strengthen multi-sectoral roles, increase community empowerment by establishing a larva-free
village, and improve the recording and reporting system.
Keywords: Dengue Hemoraghic Fever, Jumantik, Larva Free Index

The Difference Efficacy of Lansium domesticum (Duku) Peel Extract 25% and Malathion
0.8% Against the Mortality of Aedes Aegypti in Kuranji District Padang City
Indah Noprimasari Yudi [1], Hasmiwati [2], Eliza Anas [3]
[1] Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University

[2] Parasitology Department in Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University
[3] Biology Department in Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University
Abstract
Background:
Vector control is one of the goals directed at decreasing the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Aedes
aegypti as a vector can be reduced by fogging synthetic insecticides such as malathion. Nowadays, the
resistance of malathion happens due to the long-term use of insecticides that made challenging to find
another effective natural insecticide. Peel extract of Lansium domesticum (Duku) contains triterpenoid, an
antifeedant, and is expected to kill Ae. Aegypti. This study aims to compare the efficacy of Lansium
domesticum peel extract 25% and malathion 0.8% against the mortality of Ae. Aegypti.
Design/Methods:
This study was experimental by using a post-test-only group design. The population was adult mosquitoes
at 3-5 days of age collected from a survey of mosquito larvae and collection of mosquito eggs using ovitrap
from September-December 2016. A total of 180 adult mosquitos had been exposed to the insecticide by
using the bioassay method from WHO. The data were analyzed by one-way anova test and probit analysis.
Results:
The result of this research showed (1) LT50 and LT95 Lansium peel extract 25% was 81.26 minutes and
154.38 minutes respectively (2) LT50 and LT95 malathion 0.8% was 57.79 minutes and 97.35 minutes
respectively (3) mean of Ae. aegypti mortality after 24 hours exposure by Lansium peel extract 25% was 9
mosquitos (45%) (4) mean of Ae. aegypti mortality after 24 hours exposed by malathion 0.8% was 16
mosquitos (80%). The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between lansium peel extract
25% and malathion 0.8% against the mortality of Ae. aegypti, which p-value was p<0.05.
Conclusions:
The conclusion of this research is lansium peel extract 25% is less effective than malathion 0.8% against
the mortality of Ae. aegypti in Kuranji district, Padang city. But as a natural insecticide, Lansium
domesticum can be alternative, by finding another effective concentration.: Vector control is one of the
goals directed at decreasing the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Aedes aegypti as a vector can be
reduced by fogging synthetic insecticides such as malathion. Nowadays, the resistance of malathion
happens due to the long-term use of insecticides that made challenging to find another effective natural
insecticide. Peel extract of Lansium domesticum (Duku) contains triterpenoid, an antifeedant, and is
expected to kill Ae. Aegypti. This study aims to compare the efficacy of Lansium domesticum peel extract
25% and malathion 0.8% against the mortality of Ae. Aegypti.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (DHF) IN BOYOLALI DISTRICT, CENTRAL
JAVA PROVINCE AT 2019-2021
Anandi Iedha Retnani [2], Teguh Tri Kuncoro [2], Riris Andono Ahmad [1]
[1] Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
[2] Boyolali District Health, Central Java, Province
Abstract
Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread to all regions of WHO in
recent years. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti.
Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by climate parameters
as well as social and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases in Boyolali District in 2019 - 2021.
Methods: This research is descriptive research. This study uses secondary data obtained from DHF data in
Boyolali District Health in 2019-2021. The data was collected in the form of DHF cases, gender, age,
morbidity rate, mortality rate, Incidence Rate (IR), Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and larva-free rate (ABJ).
Result: from 2019-2021 the highest cases in 2019 were 438 cases with 0 deaths and 45 Incidence Rate (IR)
per 100,000 population. The highest CFR in 2021 is 3. Most cases of DHF occur in men. The highest age
group for DHF cases is the age group 15-44 years at 2019 and the age group 5- 14 years in 2021 and 2022.
Based on the epidemiological calendar, DHF cases fluctuate every week. The larva-free rate (ABJ) per year
is 88%.
Conclusion: DHF cases occur every year in Boyolali Regency. DHF cases at the beginning of the Covid-19
pandemic decreased compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic, this happened because at the beginning
of the pandemic the Health sector focused on preventing, detecting, and treating Covid-19.
keywords : Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Incidence Rate, Case Fatality Rate, Boyolali District
Rapid Test for Detecting Dengue Virus Non-Structural 1: A Narrative Review
Selvi N. Shahab [1], Resti H. Lestari [1], Delly C. Lestari [1], Pratiwi P. L. Sudarmono [1]
[1] Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,
Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most threatening mosquito-borne viruses, with more than
40% of the world’s population at risk of infections. NS1 is a viral protein secreted from infected cells. It
represents the replication of DENV in the host cell. NS1 can be detected during the acute phase of DENV
infections and is detectable for a more extended period than the virus in the blood (up to 9 days). Currently,
different types of NS1 detection are commercially available worldwide with faster and more accurate
results. Therefore, this review aims to elaborate on using the rapid test as an option for NS1 detection.
Methods: We searched the literature from several databases using broad-based search criteria with the
keywords of ‘dengue’, ‘NS1 detection’, and ‘rapid diagnostic test’.
Results: In general, there are two main types of NS1 detection, antigen-capture ELISAs, and rapid test.
Antigen-capture approach in detecting NS1 was first described in 2000. It provides quick results for early
diagnosis of dengue. On the other hand, rapid test, one of the most developed methods, is often used for
bedside detection, providing faster results and more convenience for the patients. Most rapid tests for NS1
use lateral flow assay as the principle. This method is suitable for use in developing countries with a high
prevalence of dengue. Studies in some developing countries, such as India, Lao, and South Korea, have
proven the excellent accuracy of this method.
Conclusion: Among widely available NS1 detection methods, the rapid test is a promising, cost-effective,
and clinically efficient alternative.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOSQUITO ERADICATION BEHAVIOR TO THE EVENT OF DHF ON
THE ISLAND OF KARIMUN BESAR KARIMUN DISTRICT RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCE
Mutia Diansafitri [1], Risman Kurnia [2]
[1] Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang, Street. Arief Rahman Hakim No1,
Tanjungpinang, 29111, Indonesia
[2] PUI-PK Kemilau (Kesehatan Masyarakat Wilayah Kepulauan) Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang
Abstract
Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and often
causes extraordinary events with a fairly high mortality rate. The incidence of DHF in Karimun Regency
continues to increase, in 2022 the incidence of DHF from January to March was reported as many as 318
cases and three of them died. This study aims to determine the relationship between PSN behavior and the
incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever on Karimun Besar Island, Karimun Regency.
Design: The type of this research is analytic observational with case control design. Collecting data using a
questionnaire about PSN behavior to 46 respondents in the case group and 46 respondents from the
control group with the case sampling technique taken by total sampling while the control sample using
purposive sampling technique. Analysis of the research data using the Chi Square test.
Result: The behavior of PSN in the case group was 67.4% with bad behavior and 41.4% in the control group
with bad behavior. The results of the Chi Square test were obtained (p-value = 0.021 <5%) with an OR value
o= 2.9.
Conclusions: In the case group, most of the practice of eradicating bad mosquito nests so that they were
exposed to DHF, there was a significant relationship between PSN behavior on the incidence of DHF and
respondents who had poor PSN practices had a 3 times greater risk of getting DHF on Karimun Besar
Island.
Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, PSN Behavior

ABSTRACTS
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND
SURVEILLANCE
Prospect of In Vivo Study of Alginate Lyase from Marine Bacterium Cytobacillus sp.
HI03-3b as Antibiofilm Agent – A Review
Ervita Ika Maulana[1], Dewi Seswita Zilda[2], Ana Hidayati Mukaromah[1], Aditya Rahman Ernanto[3],
Stalis Norma Ethica[1]
[1] Magister Study Program of Clinical Laboratory Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java,
Indonesia 50273
[2] Research Center for Deep Sea, Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and
Innovation Agency (BRIN). Jl. Pasir Putih Raya, Pademangan, North Jakarta City, Jakarta, Indonesia 14430
[3] Diploma Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Universitas
Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang Indonesia 50273
Abstract
Infection by biofilm-producing microorganisms has become a health threat that has attracted worldwide
attention. Threats are increasing in developing countries due to poor sanitary conditions and climate
suitable for the proliferation of pathogenic microbes. Most cases of chronic infection by pathogenic
microorganisms are associated with biofilm formation, therefore antibiofilm agents are needed to
eradicate biofilm - producing pathogenic bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial
pathogen utilizing several virulence factors to support its pathogenesis. P. aeruginosa causes a high
mortality rate for immuno- compromised patients. Previous research reported that bacteria isolated from
bacteria attached to the brown algae wall Hydroclathrus sp. produced alginate lyase which has high
antibiofilm activity in vitro. One of the bacterial species that produces alginate lyase enzyme isolate from
bacteria on the surface of the brown algae wall of Hydroclathrus sp. was Cytobacillus sp. HI03-8b. This
literature study summarizes studies about in vivo antibiofilm assays in the last 10 years involving alginate
lyase and biofilm-forming infectious bacterium P. aeruginosa. Based on results of this literature review, the
appropriate infection procedure to prepare animal model used in the in vivo antibiofilm assays was
determined. Next, the most favorable antibiofilm in vivo assays to evaluate antibiofilm activity of alginate
lyase from Cytobacillus sp. HI03-8b. in animal model was summarized. As results, among the most
recommended examinations to be carried out in this prospective in vivo study included macroscopic lung
imaging, biofilm imaging on SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and lung histopathological analysis.
Among the most-used animal model for the assays was Mus musculus. Meanwhile, the most favorable
administration of antibiofilm enzymes for experimental animals was by subcutaneous injection rather than
oral treatment
Keyword: Cytobacillus sp., antibiofilm in vivo study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mus

musculus, alginate lyase
Analysis of Dengue Early Warning System and Response in Bantul Regency
Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti[1,2], Rokhmayanti Rokhmayanti[2], Vitri Widiyaningsih[3],

Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari[3], Achmad Arman Subiyanto[3]
[1] Doctoral Program of Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
[2] Faculty of Public health Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[3] Doctor of Public Health Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Background Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia public health problem. Bantul Regency is an endemic
area for DHF. Early warning and response systems are used to report potential disease outbreaks, but the
increase in dengue cases is not detected early. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the
dengue early warning and response system in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta.
Methods This study used a qualitative design. Information was collected from Surveillance program
holders at the community health center and the Bantul district health office. Analysis was qualitative and
conducted based on the theme.
Results There are still delays in reporting early warning systems and response reporting for potential
disease outbreaks. In dengue disease, the data reported in the system are hospitalized, patients. Early
vigilance becomes can not to assess. The pandemic condition adds to the burden on officers so that the
system does not run correctly.
Conclusions The strengthening of early warning systems and response needs to improve to prevent
epidemics of diseases that are a public health problem.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF RECORDING AND REPORTING SYSTEM FOR DENGUE SURVEILLANCE
AT TASIKMALAYA CITY HEALTH OFFICE IN 2021
Irinedian Sribudaya[1], Arief Hargono[1], Gian Sugianto[2]
[1] Epidemiology Division, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Indonesia

[2] Tasikmalaya City Health Office, Indonesia
Abstract
Dengue cases in Tasikmalaya City experienced a significant increase in 2020. It is evidenced by the Dengue
Incidence Rate in 2020 being 229 per 100,000 population and the Dengue Case Fatality Rate being 1.42%.
Moreover, the implementation of dengue surveillance at Tasikmalaya City Health Office experiences delays
in reporting dengue suspects, cases, and larvae-free rates. Tasikmalaya City Health Office needs a
surveillance system that can detect cases early. The purpose of this study is designed to develop recording
and reporting system for dengue surveillance. This research is a qualitative study. Primary data are
gathered through in-depth interviews with dengue surveillance officers and managers. The secondary data
obtained through the study of documentation. Content analysis is used in the research. Dengue surveillance
system development is made by using Data Flow Diagrams. The type of information needed for the
development of dengue surveillance are the frequency of dengue suspects, cases, and deaths per week
based on person, place, and time; the trend of dengue suspects, cases, and deaths weekly; as well as the
larvae-free rates monthly. The data required are dengue suspects/cases and deaths from weekly reports
by puskesmas; recapitulation of dengue suspects, cases, and deaths; larvae-free rates and the number of
residents reported monthly by puskesmas. The development of recording and reporting dengue
surveillance at Tasikmalaya City Health Office are additional weekly data processing, analysis, and reports
by puskesmas. Furthermore, regular meeting is held every two weeks by the city health office and the
puskesmas as an early warning against the rise of dengue cases in Tasikmalaya city. Tasikmalaya City
Health Office is recommended to improve work procedures by reporting weekly through Google Forms and
regular dengue surveillance meetings.
A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study of Community-Based Total Sanitation Behavior and
Diarrhea Incidence in Jetis Village, Sambirejo District, Sragen
Muhammad Luthfi Adnan[1], Intan Susmita Rafsanjani[1], Dini Islamiana[1], Lilis Suryani[1],
Sausan[1], Yayuk Fathonah[2]
[1] Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia
[2] Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Diarrhea is one of the most common communicable diseases and have a negative impact on
the level of public health. Sanitation has an important role in reducing the incidence of diarrhea.
Community-Based Total Sanitation (Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat/STBM) is a community
empowerment approach to change life behavior to become cleaner and healthier to reduce risk and
prevent communicable diseases. Analysis of changes in community sanitation behavior can help identify
risk factors for disease spread. This study aims to investigate community-based local sanitation and
diarrhea incidence in Jetis Village, Sambirejo District, Sragen.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from June-July 2022 to 40 family heads in Jetis Village using
an introspective survey. The results were compared with the results of the previous year's survey. The
survey results are then tabulated and presented in the form of a frequency distribution.
Results: There was a decrease in the sanitation health status namely the activities of managing household
liquid waste (increase open dumb from 33.6% to 35,6% and inundated in the yard, rice fields, gardens from
22,4% to 26,4%), washing hands with soap (decrease from 98,1% to 88,6%), and managing waste by
throwing waste in the open space (increase from 66,4% to 68,8%) while the number of latrine use increase
from 98,8% to 100%. The incidence of diarrhea in Jetis Village also increased from 12,1% to 14,6%
Conclusion: This study shows changes in sanitation behavior in the community accompanied by an
increase in diarrhea at the household level. Studies with a more comprehensive and heterogeneous
population can help further analyze the relationship between community sanitation behavior and the
incidence of diarrhea
Keywords: Behavior, Community-Based Total Sanitation, Diarrhea, Hygiene, Public health

Evaluation of the Early Warning Alert and Response System in Kuningan District: The
41st Epidemiology Weekly Report Study
Cecep Heriana[1,2], Lely Wahyuniar[1], Deden Supardan[1,2,3], Muhammad Wildan Khaerudi[1,2]
[1] Central for Epidemiology Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Kuningan

[2] Association of Epidemiology expert, Kuningan District, Indonesia
[3] District Health Office, Kuningan
Abstract
Background: Surveillance quality and response can be known if periodic evaluations are carried out every
week for epidemiology, Week 41 is one third of the weekly journey of epidemiology after the implementation
of various disease management programs. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of
the 41st week of EWARS in Kuningan Regency
Methods: Descriptive epidemiological research design with the 41st epidemiological weekly performance
evaluation approach in Kuningan Regency, the research subject is the Puskesmas, the secondary data
source is the weekly report on the EWARS application. Statistical analysis using univariate and mapping
application using datawrapper.
Results: The weekly epidemiological performance achievement of 1-41 accuracy 80% as many as 20
health centers (54.1%) and achieving completeness ≥90% as many as 34 health centers (91.89%). The
number of alerts that appeared on week 41 were 11 alerts and were verified within 24 hours of 100%,
namely cases of GHPR, suspected COVID, suspected ILI and acute diarrhea. In the 41st week of 2022 there
were no cases of the Event-Based Surveillance Report (EBS). Achievement of finding and sending samples
of suspected Measles (105) and AFP (10%).
Conclusion: Evaluation of performance achievements shows the completeness and accuracy of reports
until the 41st week still does not meet the 100% target, there are verified disease alerts, there are no
incident-based surveillance reports and the target for discovery and delivery of measles and AFP cases has
not been achieved. Suggestions for Puskesmas to commit to completing weekly EWARS reports and
Reinforcing active surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Disease (VPD) case finding in order to achieve case
finding targets.
Keyword: Evaluation, EWARS, Epidemiology

THE PROBLEM OF ENDEMIC AND ITS ERADICATION SYSTEM IN TANJUNGPINANG DURING
THE DUTCH COLONIAL ERA
Zulfa Saumia[1], Erniwati Erniwati[1]
[1] Universitas Jambi, Universitas Negeri Padang
Abstract
Background : The Riau archipelago is often described as a “land of malaria and other endemics” because
of its swamps and poor sanitation, especially in the settlements of coolies. Although it has major
consequences on the health and socio-economic conditions of the community, this issue is rarely well
understood and adequately discussed in historical studies, especially in island areas that are far from the
central government. Hopefully, this paper will fill the gaps in our knowledge of the issue. This paper uses
available historical sources to describe the problem of endemic diseases and their eradication efforts
during the Dutch colonial period. The main objective of this paper is to examine the seriousness of the
endemic problems and their causes in the region and to describe how the colonial authorities attempted to
solve them. The Riau archipelago is often described as a “land of malaria and other endemics” due to its
many swamps and poor sanitation, especially in the area. settlement of coolies. Although it has major
consequences on the health and socio-economic conditions of the community, this issue is rarely well
understood and adequately discussed in historical studies, especially in island areas that are far from the
central government. Hopefully, this paper will fill the gaps in our knowledge of the issue. This paper uses
available historical sources to describe the problem of endemic diseases and their eradication efforts
during the Dutch colonial period. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the seriousness of the
endemic problems and their causes in the region and to describe how the colonial authorities attempted to
solve them.
Methods: This article uses the historical method, which consists of our main stages: source material
collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. A wide variety of historical source materials
were collected and consulted for this research. The main sources used here include colonial archives,
official publications, and newspapers. Among the colonial archives, there are colonial verslag, Verlog
memorie betreffende de residentie Riouw en Onderhoorigheden opgemakt ter gelegenheid van het
aftreden van L.M.F Plate op 10 June 1924, Regeering Alamanack, etc. A number of official publications are
collected from the National Archives (ANRI), Delpher, etc.
Results: It is argued that there has been considerable progress in the fight against malaria. Understanding
the causes of malaria and the methods chosen for eradication reflect both scientific progress and
economic considerations. Although there is still a lot of homework to be done, starting from the lack of
availability of medicines, to the poor understanding of sanitation.
OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN PIYUNGAN DISTRICT, BANTUL,
YOGYAKARTA MAY 2022
Abudzar Al Ghifari[1], Anandi Iedha Retnani[1], Puswanto[2], Andri Setyo Dwi Nugroho[3], Risalia Reni
Arisanti[1]
[1] Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[2] Bantul District Health Office
[3] Provincial Health Office Special Region of Yogyakarta
Abstract
Background: Human leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis, Bantul district health office reported 1
case of suspected leptospirosis on 6th May 2022, and the investigation was conducted to identify the
outbreak and provide a recommendation for the leptospirosis outbreak investigation.
Methods: A descriptive epidemiological analysis was used in this study. Suspected cases were defined as a
person with one or more symptoms of fever, muscle aches, headache, jaundice, vomiting, and also
epidemiologically linked with a contaminated environment since 19th March in Srimulyo and Srimartani
Village, Piyungan District. We conducted active case finding with standardized questionnaires for the risk
factor, environmental observation, rapid diagnostic test, real-time PCR, and microscopic agglutination test
on human serum samples, cattle samples, and rat kidney samples.
Result: We identified 11 suspected cases, 3 people were positive IgM and 1 person died. Most of the probable
cases (67% were male) range more than 61 years old. Females have the highest case fatality rate
(CFR=100%). Most of them are 67% farmers. Eleven cattle samples from PCR and MAT were negative, from
14 rat kidney samples, 1 sample was positive, and 20 samples of environment water and soil with 1 sample
positive.
Conclusion: A suspected leptospirosis in Piyungan District. Three probable cases with one death were
likely associated with soil contaminated with leptospira bacteriology. Promoting hygiene and sanitation
practices within the community village was recommended for the control
ABSTRACTS
HIV/AIDS
Three cases of HIV coinfected syphilis: Improving HIV outcome after benzathine
penicillin G injection
Eppy[1], Sari PP[1], Martiwi TD[1]
[1] RSUP Persahabatan, Jakarta
Abstract
Background: Syphilis and HIV are infectious diseases that transmitted frequently through sexual contact.
Syphilis often found and tend to increase in HIV patients, especially in male sex male (MSM). All HIV/syphilis
patients should be treated with penicillin to prevent other complication. Penicillin can decrease the titter of
VDRL/TPHA and improve the outcome of CD4 and viral load in HIV coinfection syphilis.
Case Illustration: We reported three male cases of HIV coinfection syphilis in HIV clinic at RSUP
Persahabatan, Jakarta. All of patients got ARV treatment. First patient was 29 years old, MSM risk factor,
and history of recurrent herpes zoster and condyloma acuminatum. Second patient was 36 years old, MSM,
and history of hepatitis B and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Third patient was 53 years old,
bisexual, and no history illness. All patients were given intramuscular benzathine penicillin 2,4 mega units
weekly for three dosages and were screened for syphilis through VDRL and TPHA examination. The titer of
VDRL and TPHA before injection penicillin for first and third patient were same that was 1:512 and 1:5120 and
post injection titer of VDRL and TPHA for first patient was 1:16 and 1:2560 while third patient was 1:4 and
1:2560. Second patient has titer VDRL and TPHA 1:64 and 1:5120 before injection while after injection the titer
were 1:8 and 1:640. They were tested for CD4 and viral load (VL) to assess HIV outcome. CD4 results before
injection penicillin were 25 cells/uL, 291 cells/uL, and 109 cells/uL respectively and VL results were 71600
copies/mL, <40 copies/mL, and 735000 copies/mL respectively. CD4 results after injection penicillin were
149 cells/uL, 468 cells/uL, and 294 cells/uL respectively and VL results for first and second patient were
undetected while third patient was 47 copies/mL.
Conclusion
HIV coinfected syphilis treated with benzathine penicillin G injection improves HIV outcome.
Keywords: HIV/Syphilis coinfection, injection benzathine penicillin G

ABSTRACTS
MALARIA
Malaria in Pregnant Women
Rohayat Bilmahdi Simanjuntak[1]
[1] Tropical Infection division, Ciptomangunkusumo General Hospital, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction
Malaria is still a big problem in tropical and sub-tropical countries including Indonesia. In 2010 positive
cases of malaria in Indonesia reached 465.7 thousand, while in 2020 positive cases decreased to 235.7
thousand. Not only that, the decline in malaria cases was also followed by a decrease in Annual Parasite
Incidence (API) which in 2010 reached 1.96 and 2020 reached 0.87. This situation shows a stagnant
condition since 2014. With the Covid-19 pandemic, it is feared that this number will increase if there is no
new approach or intervention.
Metode
Case report
Finding
A 26 year old Indonesian women with a 27 weeks intrauterine pregnancy presented to the
Ciptomangunkusumo General Hospital with a five days history of fever, headache, malaise, yellow eyes and
pale. She had arrived in Lampung province to holiday with her family about 14 days before admission. On
physical examination, she was febril, anemic and icteric on the eyes. Laboratorium demonstrate anemia
(hemoglobin 5,9 gr/dL, reticulocyte 1,08%), thrombocytopenia 39.000/mm3, Total bilirubin 9,46 mg/dL. A
thick blood smear was prepared and showed evidence of malaria falciparum parasites, thropizoid stadium.
Density 177.140 parasite/uL (hyperparasitemia). Artesunat intravenous were initiated. Artesunat intravenous
given three time in first day (at 00:30,12:30 and 00:30) , the parasite load was 29 parasite/205 leucocyte.
Patient complete three days doses of intravenous artesunat and three days of oral dihydroartemicin-
piperquine. After the third dose of oral DHP, no blood parasite were seen on peripheral smear. Patient was
discharge home after 15 days hospitalization with improvement anemia and thrombocytopenia. Upon clinic
follow up a few week later, patient did not have any further complication with normal birth and laboratory.
Conclusion
Early case finding and management reduce risk of maternal and fetal death. Education not to travel to
malaria endemic areas for pregnant women is very important. Artesunate intravenous and DHP are still
safe drugs for pregnant women and fetuses. Prevention of infection can be done.
ABSTRACTS
NEGLECTED TROPICAL
DISEASES
Individual and institutional risk factors of scabies incidence in Islamic Boarding Schools
in Indonesia: a systematic review
Deandra Ardya R. Sutoyo[1], Mandira Ajeng Rachmayanthy[1], Ichlasul Amalia[1]
Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction: Scabies was declared a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) in
2017 and has imposed an extensive burden, especially for overcrowding and low-income residences.
According to Global Burden Diseases 2019 data, Indonesia had the greatest scabies burden globally, as it
has been a persistent health problem in congregate facilities, including Islamic Boarding Schools (IBS). This
study aims to describe the risk factors of scabies incidence in IBS in Indonesia.
Methods: We compiled Sinta and Scopus-indexed literature found in Google Scholar and PubMed in the last
five years (2018-2022) related to risk factors of scabies in IBS in Indonesia. Literature, systematic reviews,
and meta-analysis articles were excluded. All articles found and chosen were studied profoundly.
Result: A total of 15 studies were included, 11 studies conducted on Java Island and 4 studies on Sumatra
and Kalimantan Island. A total of 627 male and 609 female participants aged around 11 to 20 years were
included. We identified 17 risk factors consisting of 13 individual factors and 4 institutional factors.
Individual factors include personal hygiene, gender, knowledge, bed cleanliness, age, education level, health
behavior (sharing personal items, attitude), physical contact, economic status, skin and hand hygiene, BMI,
height, and nutritional status. Institutional factors include room density, environmental hygiene, ventilation,
and humidity.
Discussion/Conclusion: We identified that individual risk factors were more dominant, although the
interventions must be adjusted from the individual level with the support of institutions and stakeholders.
At the individual level, interventions can be carried out by providing health education, particularly related to
clean and healthy lifestyles. The institution has a role in providing adequate facilities to prevent scabies
outbreaks. The government can provide policies and guidelines for the management of scabies prevention
in IBS.
Keywords: Neglected tropical diseases, Scabies, Islamic boarding school, Risk factors, Systematic review.
The Management of Scabies in Indonesia: A Review on Current Available Guidelines
Astridia Maharani P Dewanto[1], Nadhila Beladina[1], Afifah Patriani[1]
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
Abstract
Introduction: Despite being a high-burden disease, in 2017 scabies was added to the list of Neglected
Tropical Diseases (NTDs), as it is largely neglected in research agendas and disease management
strategies. Global critical action is needed to have operational and normative guidelines and the scabies
programme management, particularly from the government. Data in 2019 showed that Indonesia has the
third highest burden of scabies among South East Asian countries. Currently, there is no regulation nor
guidelines published by the Ministry of Health Indonesia on scabies management. This study aimed to
provide an overview of currently available guidelines in Indonesia, in order to inform future national
regulations in scabies management.
Methods: We performed a content analysis of scabies management guidelines available in Indonesia. The
guidelines were found through Google Scholar and from the official website of government institutions.
Result: A total of 3 scabies management guidelines were included. We acquired two guidelines from
academic institutions and one guideline from the official website of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights.
The academic institutions’ guidelines are quite similar in their description of the clinical manifestations of
scabies, while another guideline from the ministry only stated that scabies is a skin disease with pruritus
on several predilection sites. All the guidelines were consistent in the effective use of topical permethrin
5%, and ivermectin per oral for specific cases. Unfortunately, the detailed preventive and outbreak
management of scabies is hardly found in the guidelines, but one.
Conclusion: The reviewed guidelines have comprehensive scabies management. Some of them even
include management of scabies in different settings, disease complications, and outbreak management.
However, the absence of standard operating procedures and governance elements on those guidelines is
being a favor in the establishment of scabies management national guidelines.
Keywords: Content Analysis, Guidelines, Management, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Scabies.

Morbidity of Leprosy in Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia: 2013-2021
Tutik Inayah Susilaningsih[1], Sylvia Gusrina[1], Winarti[2], Akhmad Mukhibin[2], Bayu Satria
Wiratama[1]
[1] Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[2] Kebumen District Health Office, Central Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Leprosy is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which can affect
progressive and permanent disability. This study aims to describe leprosy cases from 2013 to 2022 and
recommend leprosy programs in the Kebumen district.
Methods: This study was an observational analytic study using secondary data. The data was taken from
SIPK (Leprosy Information System) application Kebumen district from 2013 to 2022. Cases were defined as
a person who diagnosed with leprosy, either Pausibasiler (PB) or Multibasiler (MB), recorded in the
information system and received treatment for leprosy. The relation was analyzed using the Pearson and
Spearman correlation test. Data were presented using percentage and narrative review.
Result: We identified a total of 292 leprosy cases from 2013 to 2022. Most of cases were male (64.4%) in
the adult age group (95%). There was a relationship between leprosy cases and age category. Children tend
to be at higher risk (p-value <0.05). The place of residence has a positive correlation with the occurrence of
leprosy cases, where the lowland areas have a stronger correlation (r = 0.674) compared to the mountains
(r = 0.406) and the coast (r = 0.134). The more close contacts found and examined, the more cases of
leprosy were found (r= 0.381). The year 2013 was the highest year proportion of level two disability cases
(36%) and the lowest proportion of release from treatment (91.7%).
Conclusion: Kebumen district is a leprosy endemic area with the highest correlation of findings in lowland
areas. Early detection to achieve zero cases of leprosy–related disabilities in children must be a priority
program. Promoting hygiene and sanitation practices (healthy life behavior) within the community are
recommended for leprosy prevention in Kebumen.
Keywords: Leprosy, Kebumen, endemic, SIPK

ABSTRACTS
ONE HEALTH
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND DECLINED KIDNEY FUNCTION
IN THE EAST INDONESIA POPULATION
Budiatri Retno Noormaningrum[1], Yudha Nurhantari[1], Suhartini[1]
[1] Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Objective
Chronic kidney disease, resulting from declined kidney function, had a significant disease burden. Thus, we
need to recognize factors that impact its function. The effect of alcohol consumption on kidney function is
still controversial. So, we aim to investigate the correlation between alcohol consumption and declined
kidney function in the highly prevalent alcohol-consumption population in East Indonesia.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional observational unpaired comparative analytical study. Eligible subjects
underwent an interview, assessment, and blood withdrawal to measure their serum creatinine level as the
basis for eGFR calculation. We compared the alcohol-drinking behavior with the decline in eGFR number.
We used chi-square analysis, followed by multivariate analysis using logistic regression.
Results
Based on multivariate analyses, there were no associations between alcohol consumption and declined
kidney function (p=0,327) in the East Indonesia population. Declined kidney function correlated with
smoking (p=0,036) with OR=0,382 (95% CI: 0,155-0,941), and being >50 years old (p=0,001) with OR=5,017
(95% CI: 2,062-12,210). In East Indonesia drinker population, drinking for >10 years correlated with declined
kidney function (p=0,001) with OR=4,582 (95% CI: 1,363-15,396).
Conclusions
There was no significant association between alcohol consumption and declined kidney function in the
East Indonesia population. Factors that correlated with impaired kidney function were smoking and being
>50 years old. Smoking decreased the probability of declining kidney function by up to 62%, and being >50
years old increased the odds to >5 folds. In East Indonesia’s drinker population, drinking for >10 years
increased the probability to suffered from declined kidney function to >4,5 folds, compared to drinking for
<10 years.
Keywords: kidney function, glomerular filtration rate, alcohol consumption.

Case Report and Review: Clinicopathology of concurrent Toxocara cati Infection in a
Confirmed Feline Infectious Peritonitis Cat
Madarina Wasissa[1], Mulya Fitranda[1], Sri Handayaningtyas[1], Stifani Khamidah[1], Salma
Labibah[1], Fia Amalia[1], Kurnianto Dwi Widiatmoko[1], Fajar Budi Lestari[2,3], Siti Isrina Oktavia
Salasia[1]
[1] Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
[2] Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
[3] Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University,
Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Abstract
Background Definitive diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV) is
still extremely challenging for a clinician. The disease involves a complex immune response causing
various unspecific clinical signs. The most obvious clinical sign is body fluid accumulation commonly
ascites. However, it is not always specific of FIP and helminthiasis is one of the differential diagnoses. A-
year-old female cat was clinically diagnosed with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) after showing obvious
abdominal distension, extreme emaciation, and lethargy. In addition, deworming or fecal examination was
absent in its medical record. Thus, several laboratory procedures were performed to confirm the occurring
disease.
Methods Specimen samples of ascites and blood were admitted to Clinical Pathology Laboratory of
Veterinary Medicine Faculty Universitas Gadjah Mada for further examination of complete blood count,
blood smear analysis, effusion cytology, and molecular detection. To gain confirmation of FCoV infection,
nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting 3-UTR was conducted.
Unfortunately, the cat could not survive while the case was investigated. The cat was subsequently
necropsied and proceed to postmortem analysis under the owner consent.
Results Adult helminth, later identified as Toxocara cati, was observed inside the small intestine during
necropsy. This finding supported the previous blood work that showed eosinophil number incretion along
with leukocytosis. FCoV was also molecularly detected in blood and ascites. Pathological change showed
granulomatous nodules along the intestine and mesentery, few eosinophils finding in intestine submucosa,
thickening abdominal organ capsule, and several histopathological abdominal organs damage.
Conclusions These findings may give strong suggestions for clinicians to always check deworming record
of pet patients. Toxocariasis is sometimes neglected due to its less severe clinical signs. However, in this
case showed, it might have role in the development of FIP. Related to public health, this finding increase
awareness regarding Toxocara cati zoonotic potential.
Key words: Feline coronavirus, feline infectious peritonitis, helminthiasis, Toxocara cati, toxocariasis, zoonotic.
ABSTRACTS
PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS
AND RECOVERY
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients
based on Vaccination Status and Related Factors
Laniyati Hamijoyo[1], Daniel Setiawan Nathan[2,4], Patrick Philo[2,3], Marita Restie Tiara[4], Sofie R.
Mardiana[2], Evan Susandi[3], Nadia Gita Ghassani[2], Bachti Alisjahbana[4,5]
[1] Rheumatology division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung,
Indonesia
[2] Lupus Study Group, Immunology Study Center, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
[3] Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
[4] Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University,
Bandung, Indonesia
[5] Tropical Infectious Disease division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University,
Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
Introduction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, which patients are
prone to SARS-Cov-2 infection due to the aberrant immune response, therefore COVID-19 vaccination is a
necessity. This study aims to analyze the proportion and level of COVID-19 seropositive in SLE patients and
explore factors related to lower Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD level in SLE patients.
Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving SLE patients who came to rheumatology clinic in Dr.
Hasan Sadikin hospital Bandung from November 2021–January 2022. The inclusion criteria were SLE
patients, age 18-60 years old, and unvaccinated/received CoronaVac. Pregnant subjects, subjects with
fever/cough/dyspnea on examination were excluded. Subjects were tested for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG.
Comparative test analysis was used in this study.
Result This study included a total of 92 SLE patients. Sixty have not been vaccinated (65.2%) and 32
subjects (34.8%) had received Coronavac. Female patients were higher in both groups. A slightly higher
SLEDAI-2k score was shown by the unvaccinated group (4.5 (IQR 2-10) and 4 (IQR 0.3-8)), but in both groups,
disease activity and involvement of other disease did not correlate with lower antibody response. Patients
receiving cyclophosphamide in the unvaccinated group had a higher Anti RBD level (23.81 (IQR 2.26-78.85) vs
2.13 (IQR 0.1-12.5)), while patient receiving cyclophosphamide in the vaccinated group had a lower Anti-RBD
level (15.5 (IQR 6.62-35.09) and 69.77 (IQR 17.48-201)). In the vaccinated group, a lower trend of Anti SARS-
CoV-2 RBD IgG level was found in those receiving mycophenolic mophetil.
Conclusion This study shows COVID-19 seropositivity is present in high percentage even in unvaccinated
patients. We hypothesized that patient with more exposure to hospital like those acquiring
cyclophosphamide have a higher antibody level. Cyclophosphamide treatment is associated with a lower
antibody response after receiving CoronaVac vaccination.
Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG, Cyclophosphamide

Development of highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine for pandemic influenza
preparedness: a review
Debie Rizqoh[1]
[1] Departeman Mikrobiologi dan Imunologi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Bengkulu,
Bengkulu, Indonesia
Abstract
Recently, the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus caused extraordinary incidents in several
countries, especially in Asia, Africa and Europe. The fatality rate of the disease caused by the H5N1 virus
reaches 60%. This incident raised concerns about a wider HPAI H5N1 virus pandemic if effective human-
to-human transmission occurred. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls on all countries to
prepare themselves for a pandemic that may occur. One of the strategies in preparation for this pandemic
is to develop a vaccine. So far, vaccines have been shown to be effective in disease prevention efforts
because they can work to trigger a natural immune response and induce a memory response against the
pathogen in question. To develop an effective influenza vaccine, several strategies are needed in carrying
out vaccine development research and in-depth understanding of: (i) virology, (ii) virus life cycle, (iii) host
immune response to infection, (iv) pathology, and (v) HPAI H5N1 vaccine development strategy. Until now,
many HPAI H5N1 vaccines have been developed, from vaccines developed using conventional methods to
alternative vaccines using more modern methods. The results of the development of the vaccine are
expected to provide provisions for a possible pandemic caused by the HPAI H5N1 virus.
Keywords: HPAI H5N1, vaccine, virus, immune response, pandemic

ABSTRACTS
TUBERCULOSIS
In Vivo Investigation Prospect on Potential of Alginate Lyase from Alteromonas sp.
HI03-8b as Degradation Agent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Biofilm
Arina Lis Sa’adah[1], Oedjijono Oedjijono[2], Dewi Seswita Zilda[3], Gintung Patantis[4], Sri
Darmawati[1], Balqis Aureola Putri Asihanto[5], Stalis Norma Ethica[1]
[1] Magister Study Program of Clinical Laboratory Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java,
Indonesia 50273
[2] Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia 53122
[3] Research Center for Deep Sea, Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and
Innovation Agency (BRIN). Jl. Pasir Putih Raya, Pademangan, North Jakarta City, Jakarta, Indonesia 14430
[4] Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, Earth Sciences and Maritime ResearchOrganization,
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). Kodek Bay, North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
83352
[5] Diploma Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang Indonesia 50273
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the most-deadly infectious diseases tremendously affecting health quality of
global population. Indonesia is ranked in the 2nd highest on the number of the TB cases in the world. Most
TB cases involve antibiotic-resistance, which one of the causes is the biofilm formation, protecting them
from bacterial killing drugs. The search for agents that can destroy the biofilm of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria and reduce their resistance levels is important for TB eradication. Previous
studies reported that bacteria associated with distinct brown seaweeds Hydroclathrus sp. from Wakatobi
Indonesia produced alginate lyase enzyme having ability to degrade alginate, the main component of
bacterial biofilm, in vitro. One of the brown algae’s symbiotic bacteria producing the alginolytic enzyme is
Alteromonas sp. HI03-8b. This review summarizes antibiofilm in vivo assays in recent years focusing on the
potential of alginate lyase from bacteria as an antibiofilm agent from studies all over the world. Results
were then used to recommend the most suitable antibiofilm tests to evaluate the in vivo antibiofilm activity
of alginate lyase from recently isolated Alteromonas sp. HI03-8b on animal model. The findings of this
literature review suggested that the suitable animal model for in vivo antibiofilm assays is TB-induced
Rattus norvegicus rat by MTB infection. In that case, administration of alginate lyase as antibiofilm agent by
subcutaneous intravenous intervention was found to be more recommended than oral treatment. Results
also suggested that the most suitable assays for in vivo antibiofilm study include macroscopic lung
imaging, microscopic SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) biofilm imaging, lung histopathological, and
general blood analyses.
Keyword: Alteromonas sp., antibiofilm in vivo assay, tuberculosis rat model, alginate lyase
Computational approaches for revealing the molecular mechanism: Case study on
pyrazinamide to mutated pyrazinamidase linked to the pncA gene in clinical isolates of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Dian Ayu Eka Pitaloka[1,2], Arfan[3], Dwi Syah Fitra Ramadhan[4], and Lidya Chaidir[2,5]
[1] Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang
45363, Indonesia;
[2] Center for Translational Biomarker Research, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
[3] Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93132, Indonesia;
[4] Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mandala Waluya, Kendari
93231,Indonesia;
[5] Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
Abstract
Background: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive molecular dynamics strategy to evaluate
whether mutations found in pyrazinamide monoresistant (PZAMR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
can potentially reduce the effectiveness of pyrazinamide (PZA) active form for tuberculosis (TB) treatment.
Methods: Five single point mutations namely H82A, T87M, S66P, A171V, and P62L of pyrazinamidase (PZAse),
responsible for the activation of prodrug PZA into pyrazinoic acid, were analyzed by the dynamics
simulations both in the apo state (unbound state) and the PZA bound state.
Results: The results showed that the mutation of His82 to Arg, Thr87 to Met, and Ser66 to Pro in PZAse
affects the coordination state of the Fe2+ ion, which is a cofactor required for enzyme activity. These
mutations change the flexibility, stability, and fluctuation of His51, His57, and ASP49 amino acid residues
around the Fe2+ ion, culminating in an unstable complex and dissociation of PZA from the PZAse binding
site. However, mutations of Ala171 to Val and Pro62 to Leu were found to have no effect on the complex's
stability.
Conclusions: Based on the results, PZAse mutations of H82A, T87M, and S66P culminated in weak binding
affinity for PZA and caused significant structural deformations that led to PZA resistance and might be
associated with treatment failure.
Keywords: Drug resistance; pyrazinamide monoresistant; tuberculosis; molecular dynamics simulations

Brain Tuberculoma Management: Experience from Jayapura Papua Indonesia
Hendrikus Masang Ban Bolly[1,2], Renny Sulelino[3]

[1] Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Cenderawasih University, Jayapura Papua
Indonesia
[2] Basic Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Cenderawasih University, Jayapura Papua Indonesia
[3] Medical Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine Cenderawasih University, Jayapura Papua Indonesia
Abstract
Background: The incidence, morbidity and mortality numbers of tuberculosis infection in Papua are still
high. Brain tuberculoma founds in 15-50% of all intracranial lesions. Until recent years there are no data
related to the incidence or therapy guideline of tuberculoma in Papua. This research aimed to reports the
number of brain tuberculoma cases, guidance of therapy, and patients’ follow-up reports.
Methods: This research provide data of 11 serial cases of brain tuberculoma which closely followed-up from
1st of January until 20th of October 2022.
Result: All reported cases are Papuan indigenous age less than 30 years old who did not have any history of
lung tuberculosis with negative HIV screening test results. The symptoms manifestation are dominantly
convulsion and headache. Eight out of eleven cases treated had receive tumor resection. The Indication for
operation must be decided based on the brain lesion measurement found is > 5 mm or < 3 cm
accompanied with obvious high intracranial pressures clinical manifestation. Histopathology examination
confirm the tuberculoma diagnose. After the operation, patients are treated with anti tuberculosis
regiments category I (one) for 6 months long and they shows good results. Three patients did not receive
operation but they are given anti tuberculosis regiment category I (one) for 12 months also shows good
outcomes.
Conclusion: Papua has a high number of tuberculosis cases and already has neurosurgery center. This
research suggest that to strengthen health care services for brain tuberculoma and we should develop a
treatment guideline for brain tuberculoma therapy in Papua.
Keyword: Brain, Tuberculoma, Neurosurgery, Papua

The Center for Tropical Medicine
Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing
FK-KMK UGM Research and Development building 2nd floor
Medika st. Senolowo, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman DIY 55281
Phone : 0274-547147 e-mail: centertropmed.fkkmk@ugm.ac.id

GAMA-ICTM ProgramBook v3-1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GAMA-ICTM ProgramBook v3-1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PROGRAM BOOK

Eggi Arguni, MD., PhD

Riris Andono Ahmad

Yodi Mahendradhata Eggi Arguni

Steering committee Steering committee

Ari Natalia Probandari E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati

Plenary session Event session

Betty Nababan Vincentius Arca Testamenti

Promotion, multimedia, and documentation Logistic

Malida Magista Wahyuni Sutarta

Time Agenda Speakers

08.00 – 08.24 Opening ceremony Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa

Confronting the steep challenges in J. Kevin Baird

Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo

09.14 - 09.37 Malaria vaccine Rintis Noviyanti

09.38 - 09.56 Q&A Moderator and speakers

09.57 - 10.02 Break

10.07 – 10.36 Child TB: Innovation and Advances in TB Ben Marais

Comprehensive approach for TB Philipp du Cros

Pandemic recovery on TB-HIV (DOMINO Ari Natalia Probandari

11.25 – 11.43 Q&A Moderator and speakers

11.44 – 11.49 Break

The (changing) epidemiology of HIV in Pande Putu Januraga

Yanri Wijayanti Subronto

12.42 – 13.05 Control of sexually transmitted infection: John M. Kaldor

13.06 – 13.24 Q&A Moderator and speaker

13.29 – 13.59 Lunch Time

14.52 - 15.07 Discussion Moderator and speakers

15.08 – 15.13 Break

Yanri Wijayanti Subronto (chairperson)

Elsa Herdiana (chairperson)

Riris Andono Ahmad (chairperson)

Rita Kusriastuti (chairperson)

Pandemic prepadeness and recovery, Hari Kusnanto Josef (chairperson)

Time Agenda Speakers

08.50 – 08.57 Opening ceremony Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa

09.01 – 09.24 Health security related to one health Wiku Adisasmito

One health approaches for zoonotic Matthew Grigg

10.13 - 10.18 Break

10.23 – 10.46 Post pandemic travelling Watcharapong Piyaphanee

Anticipating global impact on travel Wasin Matsee

Risk assessment during pre-travel Levina Pakasi

11.35 – 11.53 Q&A Moderator and speakers

11.54 – 11.59 Break

When COVID-19 becomes endemic: The

The potency of Volatile Organic

Faris Naufal Rahman

13.28 – 13.46 Q&A Moderator and speaker

13.51 – 14.24 Lunch Break

14.25 – 14.30 Debate introduction Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa

Debate: COVID-19 Booster: To be boosted or

15.07 – 15.12 Break

Research priorities in leprosy and

Research priorities in leprosy and

Current gaps & research priorities for

16.29 – 16.47 Q&A Moderator and speakers

Time Agenda Speakers

08.48 – 08.55 Opening ceremony Master of Ceremony: Eta Auria Latiefa

09.00 – 09.23 Why haven’t we defeated dengue? Duane Gubler

Modelling the use of Wolbachia to Henrik Salje

10.12 - 10.17 Break

Wolbachia releases for disease control: