PORTFOLIO

Topic : WATER ( RIVER GANGA CLEANING PROJECT)

Water Pollution has become a global crisis. The perennial threat of the water
crisis is exacerbating because of uncontrolled and unbalanced development
of the allied sectors such as industries and agriculture. According to the
reports of NITI Aayog, 21 major Indian cities, including Delhi will completely
run out of groundwater. This article deals with reasons behind the pollution
of the river Ganga and it examines the effective measures taken by the
government. It also suggests changes to expedite the cleaning process of the
river.

CAUSES OF GANGA RIVER POLLUTION

1) SEWAGE

Sewage is an important source of pollution and contributes 75% to the

pollution caused by all sources of pollution. Urban development of
different sizes contributes to sewage pollution in the river.

2) INDUSTRIES

There are 4600 industries in Uttarakhand out of which 298 are

seriously polluting industries. The sewage treatment and advanced
technology for the treatment of the wastes are not used despite

government strict regulations.

 3) PLASTIC

The use of plastic by people at large and its improper disposal ultimately
reach in the river. Plastic pollution has been considered as one of the significant
reasons for the pollution in the river. The government has failed in the
implementation of Management and Sewage Waste Rules to curb the menace

of plastic pollution.

4)GHATS

The Ghats are also one of the major sources of pollution in the river. Ganga is
one of the important parts of our Indian culture due to which different kinds of
pujas and other religious tasks are performed on the Ghats, and the materials

used are disposed of in the river. The materials are non-decomposable, highly
toxic and hence pollute the river.

5) Agriculture Waste
Agricultural water pollution includes the sediments, fertilizers and animal
wastes. The unbalanced use of inorganic fertilizers and other fertilizers have
immensely contributed to water pollution. The fertilizers rich in nitrates create
toxic composition after reaching several other entities. Large quantities of
fertilizers, when washed through the irrigation, rain or drainage to the river,
and pollutes the river. The fertilizers rich in nitrate content are used to get
more productivity from the land. This led to pollution in the entire food chain
wherever the by-product of the produce is consumed. When these fertilisers
wash away due to rain or other factors and pollute the river.

Effective Measures by Government to stop the Pollution

GANGA ACTION PLAN
The Ganga Action Plan was started in 1986 for control of water pollution in the
river Ganga. The main function of this plan was to make Ganga River free from
the pollution from the disposal of waste from the cities settled on the banks of
the river. The plan was to make Ganga pollution free from Rishikesh to Kolkata.
The central pollution control board had prepared a plan of 5 years in 1984 to
make Ganga pollution-free. The central Ganga authority was formed in 1985
and a Ganga action plan was launched in 1986 to make the Ganga pollution
free.

Namami Ganga Programme

A flagship Namami Ganga Programme was launched under separate union
Water Ministry created under river rejuvenation programme. The project aims
to integrate Ganga conservation mission and it is in effect to clean and protect
the river and gain socio-economic benefits by job creation, improved
livelihoods and health benefits to the population that is dependent on the river.

MY SUGGESTIONS
 1) We should spread public awareness to clean GANGA RIVER .

2) We should not throw plastics in our sacred river GANGA.

3) GOVERNMENT should launch new programmes and take

action on it.

4) Government should take strict action on people who are

polluting RIVER Ganga.

5) We should come forward and clean our river with the help of
technology.

Made by

MOUBONI MAJUMDAR

10-C