High Voltage DC

Transmission line
By
Barun Kumar Singh
(Diploma 2nd Year, 4th Semester, Registration No: D202101956 )
Under the Supervision of
Mr. Abhijit Ghosh
(Lecturer in Electrical Engineering Dept.)
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 INTRODUCTION

What is HVDC?
The HVDC is used to transmit large amount of power
over long distances by overhead transmission lines or
submarine cables . It is also used to interconnect separate
power systems, where traditional alternating current (AC)
connections can not be used.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
The first dc link was set
up in 1954 in between
Swedish main land and
the island of Gotland.
The use of an HVDC link
in an ac system requires
converter
stations at each end of the
line.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
LINE DIAGRAM OF HVDC
SYSTEM OPERATION

GENERATIN G STEP-UP TXR STEP-DOWN TXR

STATION

G.S C1 C2

CON VERTR CON VERTER

STATION 1 STATION 2

SENDIN G RECEIVIN G
END END

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Why we need HVDC ?

•Now a days large blocks of power are

needed to be transmitted.
•There arises some technical problems of
transmitting power to such a long distance
using ac.
•In the view of the draw backs of ac the
HVDC transmission has come into picture.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 TYPES OF
DC LINKS

MONOPOLAR BIPOLAR HOMOPOLAR

DC LINK DC LINK DC LINK

One conductor &

Two Conductors. Two or more
Earth return path;
More Reliable. Conductors.
More economical.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Reg No:- D202101956
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Comparison b/w HVDC
& EHV-AC system

CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM

1.) Line Cost. Higher. Lower.

2.) Skin Effect. Present. Absent.
3.) Line losses. High. Low.
4.) Power Transfer. Limited. No Limit.
5.) Voltage Control. Difficult. Easier.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM

6.)Compensation Series & shunt No Compensation.

Required. Compensation.
Less.
7.) Corona & Radio
More.
Interference.
More.
8.) Reliability. Lesser.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM

9.) Short-circuit Large. Small.

currents.
10.) Control Simple , Difficult ,
System. cheaper & costlier & fast.
limited.
11.) Stability of Much Higher.
AC networks. Very Low.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Technical Advantages

 Reactive power requirement.

 System stability.
 Short Circuit Current.
 Independent Control of ac system.
 Fast change of energy flow.
 Lesser Corona Loss and Radio interference.
 Greater Reliability.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Economic advantages

 DC lines and cables are cheaper than ac lines or cables.

 The towers of the dc lines are narrower.
simpler and cheaper compared to the towers of the ac
lines.
Line losses in a dc line are lower than the losses in an ac
lines.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 LIMITATIONS OF HVDC
TRANSMISSION
 Costly Terminal Equipment.
 More Maintenance of line conductors.
 Difficult Voltage Transformation.
 HVDC Circuit Breakers are not available.
 Side effect due to Earth current.
 Block Reactive Power.
 Presence of Harmonic Distortion.
Reg No:- D202101956
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Comparison between the prices of
AC & DC Transmission

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 Incorporating HVDC into
AC systems
 Two terminal DC link point to point transmission.
 Back to Back DC link.
 DC line in Parallel with AC link.
 Multi-Terminal DC link.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Components of an HVDC
transmission system

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 CONVERTER STATION
EQUIPMENT
 Thyristor valves.
 Converter Transformer.

 DC Reactor.
 Harmonics Filtering Equipment.
 Control Equipment.
 Reactive power compensation.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
HVDC converter
arrangements

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Converter transformers of one pole at AC harmonic filter area at Talcher
Talcher, in front of the valve hall.
Reg No:- D202101956
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Typical tower structure and rights
of way for alternative transmission
system of 2000 MW capacity

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 PROBLEMS

 The Design of grounding electrodes for low cost of installation

and maintenance
 Location and screening of electrodes so that ground currents
cause negligible electrolytic corrosion of buried and immersed
metallic structures.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 RECENT ADVANCES

 GTO’s have come into use.

 Use of active ac and dc filters.
 Advanced fully digital control systems using optical fibers.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
 CONCLUSION

 Recent studies indicate that HVDC systems are very

reliable.
 The data collected from 31 utilities says that forced
unavailability of energy due to the converter station is
1.62%

 The scheduled unavailability of energy is about 5.39%.

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
· www.google.com
· www.wikipedia.com
· www.studymafia.org

Reg No:- D202101956

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur