1. Have you done well foundation, where it is provided, what precautions are taken.

Yes.

Precautions to be taken:

1.Outer surface of the well steining should be regular and smooth.

2. Radius of the curb should be 2 to 4 cm larger than the radius of the steining.

3. Cutting edge should be of uniform thickness and sharpness.

4. Dredging should be done uniformly on all sides.

5.Proper care shall be taken during the sinking of well.

6. All the safety arrangements shall be followed at construction site

2. What are the limits of shift and tilt of well foundation.

The shift shall not exceed 150 mm in any direction and the tilt shall not exceed 1 in 80.
3. What is the limit of tolerance of shift of pile foundation( means pile cap).
15 mm (1116.2 of MORTH Standard specifications(5 th Revision)
4. What are the types of pile testing say Initial/Routine/Integrity test, what is the frequency of load
test?. Explain the procedure of load testing.
There are 2 types of load testing of piles.
1. Initial load test : Minimum No. of piles is 2.
2. Routine load test: Minimim no of test piles based on the No. of Piles
a) Upto 50 No. of Piles - 2 No. of tests
b) From 50 to 150 piles - 3 No. of tests.
c) Beyond 150 - 2% of number of piles.
3. Lateral Load tests : No. of tests are as per the item No.2 above.
4. Integrity tests : To have a fairy good idea about the quality of concrete and construction
defects like voids,discontinuity etc. But no. of tests depends on the site requirement and
discretion of Engineer in charge.
5. Why and when Liner used and upto what depth.
Liners are used to avoid collapsing of bore holes depending on the following situations.
a) The surrounding soil is marine clay.
b) Soft soil is present.
c) Leakage of sewage is expected.

The liner shall be installed at least upto maximum scour level or based on the type of soil
encountered during boring of pile.

6. What is the purpose of bentonite and what should be the density of bentonite.

The purpose of bentonite is to maintain the stability of bore hole. The density is 1.05g/cc.

7. What is scour depth and what is the precautionary measure needed w.r.t. scoured depth.
Scour means removal of material from the bed and banks of streams during the passage of flood
discharge when the velocity of the stream exceeds the limiting velocity that can be withstood by the
particles of the bed materials.
 Scour depth means maximum depth of scouring of stream caused by erosive forces of the base
flood discharge.
Precautions : The founding level shall be taken below the Maximum scour level

8. What do you mean by Bridge Length – A.A/Dirt wall to Dirt wall.

Length of the road way that is supported by the bridge structure, measure back to back of the
Dirt wall.
9. Difference between – Cable stayed bridge/Extradose bridge/Suspension bridge.
Difference between the Cable stayed and Suspension bridge:
The difference lies in how the cables are connected to the towers. In suspension bridges, the
cables ride freely across the towers, transmitting the load to the anchorages at either end. In
cable-stayed bridges, the cables are attached to the towers, which alone bear the load.
An extradosed bridge is a structure that combines the main elements of both a prestressed box
girder bridge and a cable-stayed bridge.

10. Define skew angle of bridge:

Skew bridges are characterized by their skew angle. Skew angle is defined as the angle between a
line normal to the centerline of the bridge and the centre line of the Abutment/Pier where stream is
not exactly perpendicular to the stream. This skew angle is used to characterize the skewed bridges
which can be used to cross roadways,waterways that are not perpendicular to the bridge at
intersection.

11. What are the standard span of ROB fixed by Railways/RDSO.

19.2 m total ( 18 m c/c of bearings).
25.2 m total (24 m c/c of bearings).
31.2 m total (30 m c/c of bearings)
37.2 m total (36 m c/c of bearings)

The ABOVE ARE THE STANDARD RDSO Drawings for Composite girders.
12. What is couplers and where it is used in reinforcement, which material and what should be
strength
13. Explain Bridge load test, Measurement/deflection etc.

14. What should be the strength of reinforcement(fe 500),what is the Galvanised steel,where it is
used.
15. Explain cement storing and reinforcement storing procedure.
16. Effect of Sulphur on concrete and what are the remedies.
17. What is width of bridge, for 2/4/6 lane highways.
18. What precaution is to be taken for deck slab laying
19. What types of stressing are in practice and what are the procedure & precautions to be taken
during executions.
20. What precaution is required concreting in water logged surface.
21. How many types of expansion joints are provided in bridges.
22. How many types of bearings are used now these days.
Nowadays, two types of bearings are in use.
1. Elastomeric bearings and 2. POT cum PTFE Bearings.
23. What is scouring depth and silt factor.
24. What precautions are required to be taken/measured during lifting of prestressed girder.
25. What are the launching procedures of PSC Girder.
1.The PSC Girders shall be shifted from its present location and kept on the trailer to be used for
shifting of PSC Girders from casting yard to actual site location. Care shall be taken to avoid any
damage to the PSC girders during placing of the girder on the trailer.
2. The PSC Girders shall be kept on the wooden blocks surrounding the bearing location. Once
the PSC Girders are fixed to the POT-PTFE bearings,

26. What is requirements and procedures for preparation of casting bed for PSC girders.
The Sub grade soil shall be well compacted to 97 % along with maintaining uniform levels to
avoid any settlement of the bed.