FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER

DENE 3363
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT
Automated Ice-Cream Cone Filling and Maker System

Student Name Student ID Picture

STACARLSONLAUS PEHUS D022010132

D022010021
IRSYAD KHAFIYYAN BIN AZMI

AQASHA DANIEL IRWAN

D022010133

AG MUHAMAD NAZMI ZAKWAN

BIN AG MARJOKI D022010036

Prepared for:

Puan Siti Huzaimah Binti Husin

INTRODUCTION
Ice cream can be defined as a frozen dairy food made from cream, butterfat, milk, sugar and
flavourings. Besides that, a French delight, frozen custard and French-type ice creams
sometimes contains eggs. Through the years, a lot of ice cream flavours have been
revolutionized, which amongst the famous flavours are chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry. A
brief history on ice desserts, it was introduced into Europe from the East. Where a figure named
Marco Polo brought back descriptions if frozen fruit snacks in his travels in an Asian country.
Moreover, commercial ice cream in the past is made by mixing, under constant agitation of
milk, cream, syrups and much more. These ingredients are mixed and heated with dry
ingredients such as sugars, stabilizers and milk or dried eggs to form a mix, which is then
preserved by pasteurising and homogenizing. After several hours, after the mix has ripened it
is combined with fruits or other ingredients. The mix is agitated and put into cold temperatures
in order to incorporate air to control the size of the ice crystals. The partially frozen ice cream
is drawn into packages and then frozen to harden and keep the form of the ice cream.
Nowadays, the so called soft-service ice cream was invented in 1939 which is serve without
waiting the ice cream to be frozen.
Furthermore, ice cream in the present is way more better with the help of technology and
automation systems, where there is so called an ice cream maker where it serves soft-service
ice cream by filling up a cone that is made out of waffles that has a crunchy texture. These so
called ice cream machines is called an ice cream maker machine or more commonly known as
a domestic ice cream maker is an electrical appliance used to produce small quantities of ice
cream for consumers personal or product-selling item that is involved in the food industry. This
ice cream making machine may prepare the mixture of various flavours of ice cream through
the hand-cranking method or by applying power to it to charge the electric motor to mix the
ingredients. The final product is frequently chilled by either pre-cooling the equipment or using
a machine that freezes the mixture. In order to aerate the mixture and avoid ice crystals, an ice
cream maker must freeze the mixture while churning it. As a result, the majority of ice creams
are ready to eat right away straight out of a cone. Those containing alcohol, on the other hand,
must frequently be refrigerated further to achieve a solid consistency. Some machines, such as
some low-cost countertop ones, require the finished product to be frozen for an additional
amount of time after churning.
In order to incorporate the system of an ice cream maker, there are many steps involving the
ice cream production and filling through an automation system. Firstly, the fundamentals of
making the prototype of the machine where it needs to be tested so no objects of different kinds
can interfere the process of the ice cream making in order to ensure the ice cream quality does
not effect the consumer’s health such as food poisoning or so. When the system is tested and
pass the quality check and. We can start to mass produce the system, to be commercialised for
franchise businesses. As an example, McDonalds fast food restaurant has their ice cream maker
stand for consumers to enjoy quality ice cream.
On this practical assignment, it focuses more designing the system of how the system works
and what equipments are used to make this system. By using CX-Programmer software,
designing a ladder diagram by applying sensors and switches as inputs for the ice cream maker
and filling system and then simulating it to get the outputs that we need for the system. Sensors
in the system work as inputs to make sure that each cone that is empty needs to be filled with
ice cream and also indicates the average volume of ice cream that needs to be filled in each
cone. This system is also designed as a one-way system where after filling one cone, it will
stop, in order to make the system work again, we need to assign a cone manually for the system
to work as usual.On more detailed explanations is included in the result and discussions given.
FLOWCHART
FLOW CHART METHODOLGY

FSTART

NO

START
BUTTON

YES

SMOTOR= ON

CONVEYOR BELT=ON
YES

STOP
BUTTON NO
PUSHED
IS THERE ANY
ICE-CREAM CONE
UNDER SOLENOID
NO
YES

MOTOR=OFF
CONVEYOR BELT=OFF
SOLENOID VALVE=ON

NO
IS THE ICE-CREAM
CONE FULL?
ENDd

YES

BUZZER=ON

SOLENOID VALVE= OFF

CONVEYOR BELT=OFF

MOTOR=OFF
RESULT
Ladder diagram
Mnemonic code
Simulated ladder diagram
DISCUSSION:
On doing this practical assignment of an automated ice cream maker and filling system, there
were many things to be considered where we needed to determine the inputs and outputs for
the system using CX-Programmer software. First and foremost, in the first rung, there is an
toggle switch to enable the system to run fully, when the first sensor’s detect an ice cream
cone, it will start and run the auxiliary relay and when the 3 sensors have been triggered it
will start the timer for the system to reset. On the second rung, it is basically the same system
as the first rung, but as a manual toggle switch to start the system. In the third rung, it shows
that when the second sensor detects an object, for this instance an ice cream cone, it will turn
off the conveyor belt and then fill the ice cream by pushing the push button for the valve. In
the fourth rung, it is an auto toggle system for the third sensor where it detects that the ice
cream has been filled. In the fifth rung, it is only an manual indicator. For the sixth rung,
when auto toggle is triggered it activates the automatic indicator. For the seventh rung, it is
the buzzer valve to indicate the filling process of the cone. For the eighth rung, it is the timer
system delay for the filling process to stop the conveyor belt from running. For ninth to tenth
rung, it is a timer and counter system where this machines indicates that four cones ice cream
at a time has been filled. And that is all the process of this ice cream maker and filling
system.
CONCLUSION:
For the conclusion, PLC has an internal function such as timer and counter making it become
sophisticated but simple in used. It also provides flexibility of control that based on the
programming and can execute simple logic instruction which being used in ladder diagram
.The operation of the process for ice cream can be running follow the step of the operation. The
designed ladder diagram are not so complicated and it very simple to understand the process
of the ice cream. Other than that, we understand the operation of ladder diagram designed
REFERENCES

[1] Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). Refrigeration. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved

June 9, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/refrigeration

[2] Definitions for ice cream makerice cream mak·er. What does ice cream maker mean?
(n.d.). Retrieved June 9, 2022, from
https://www.definitions.net/definition/ice+cream+maker

[3] Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, March 18). Filler (packaging). Wikipedia. Retrieved June
9, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filler_(packaging)

CODE/COURSE
SESSION/SEMESTER
TITLE OF ASSIGNMENT
ASSIGNMENT GROUP NO.
PO5 & PO4 (PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT)
: DENE3363 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
:
: AUTOMATED ICE CREAM MAKER AND FILLING SYSTEM
: DATE :9/6/2022

NO. STUDENT NAME MATRIX NO.

1 STACARLSONLAUS PEHUS D022010132
2 IRSYAD KHAFIYYAN BIN AZMI D022010021
3 AQASHA DANIEL IRWAN D022010133
4 AG MUHAMAD NAZMI ZAKWAN BIN AG MARJOKI D022010036

1 - BELOW 2 - NEARLY MEETS 3 - MEETS 4 - EXCEEDS

CRITERIA WEIGHTAGE MARKS
STANDARD STANDARD STANDARD STANDARD
1. Ability to identify
Unable to identify Able to identify appropriate Able to identify appropriate Able to identify appropriate
appropriate modern
appropriate modern modern tools with full modern tools with some modern tools without 1 4
tools (CX-programmer
tools. guidance. guidance. guidance.
software) - PO5
2. Ability to use modern Major mistakes while
Able to handle modern
tools (PLC trainer and using modern tools but Minor mistakes while using Able to handle modern
tools perfectly without 2 8
the use of accessories) - understand basic modern tools. tools adequately.
supervision.
PO5 function.
3. Ability to identify
reasonable solution
for well-defined
engineering problems/
Identify a specific
activities (Identify Unable to identify an Identify a general Identify a specific
approach to a reasonable
suitable industrial approach to a approach to a reasonable approach to a reasonable 2 8
solution with improvement
automation process with reasonable solution. solution solution.
suggestion.
minimum of use of 5
inputs, 5 outputs, and 4
types of instructions) -
PO5
4. Ability to record
findings
All findings are correctly
(Flowchart/block Major mistakes while Minor mistakes while All findings are correctly
recorded and presented in 3 12
diagram, ladder recording findings recording findings recorded.
a proper format.
diagram, mnemonic) -
PO5
TOTAL MARKS 32
DEN - Revised: November 2020
 PO5 & PO4 (PRACTICAL
ASSIGNMENT)

1 - BELOW 2 - NEARLY MEETS 3 - MEETS 4 - EXCEEDS

CRITERIA WEIGHTAGE MARKS
STANDARD STANDARD STANDARD STANDARD
Provide some rationale for Evaluate and analyze the
1. Ability to evaluate Provide some reasonable
Provide no rationale for how the solution relates to solution(s) and describe
findings (Demo and rationale for how the
how or why a solution the problems but is how the solution(s) 2 8
explanation of the ladder solution(s) accurately
addresses the problems. missing key connections to accurately and effectively
diagram) – PO4 solve the problems.
the problems. solve the problem.
TOTAL MARKS 8

DEN - Revised: November 2020