ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION
• The endocrine system consists of a collection of small glands
that regulates a number of vital functions of our body.

• Endocrine system is instrumental in regulating

mood, growth and development, tissue funtion,
metabolism and sexual function and reproductive
processes.
 HORMONE GL ANDS

• Body’s chemical messengers • Group of cells that produces and

secretes or givs off.
• Selects and removes materials from
• Transfer information and the blood, processes them and
instructions from one set of secrets the finiched chemical product
cells to another for use somewhere in the body
1. HYPOTHALAMUS

• A collection of specialized cells that is located in the lower central part

of the brain, it’s the main link between the endocrine and nervous
system. The nerve cells of the hypothalamus control the pituitary gland
by stimualting or suppressing the hormone secretions.
2. PITUITARY GLAND
• It’s an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weight 0.5g
• It’s the most important part on the endocrine system
3. THYROID GLAND

• Controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins

and controls how sensitive the body sould be to other
hormones.
• It also plays a role in bone growth and
development of the brain and nervous
system in children
4. PARATHYROID GLANDS

• These are four tiny glans thet are attached to the thyroid
gland.
• They realease the parathyroid hormone that helps in
regulating the level of calcium in blood along with another
hormone produced by thyroid called
as calcitinin.
5. ADRENAL GLANDS

• These are located on the top of each kidney and are made of two
parts.
• The outer part called adrenal cortex produces hormones called
corticosteroids which regulate the body’s metamolism, the balance
of salt and wáter in the body, the immune system and sexual funtion.
• The inner part called adrenal medulla produces hormones called
catecholamines like adrenaline, that help the body cope with physical
and emotional stress by increasing the heart rate and blood pressure.
6. PANCREAS

• The pancreas secretes

hormones called insulin and
glucagon. There hormibes
regulate the level of glucose in
the blood.
7. OVARIES
• Secrete the femele sex hormone, estrogen and progesterone, which help
in stimulating the production of eggs. They’re also responsable for the
physical changes thet accur during puberty, besides regulating the
mestrual cycle.
8. TESTES

• The male sex hormones influence

changes related to physical and
sexual development and the male
secondary sex characteristics like
growth of pubic and facial hair,
change in coice, etc. Testosterone
also assists in sperm production.