FORM 4 & FORM 5

CHEMISTRY

MR HAZEEQ,

MR THEVA

& MS SAKINAH
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
3.1 Jisim atom relatif dan Jisim molekul relatif

Relative atomic mass dan Relative molecular mass

Apa yang dimaksudkan jisim atom relatif?

Jisim atom relatif, RAM unsur ditakrifkan sebagai jisim purata atom unsur berbanding 1/12 jisim daripada satu atom karbon-12.

What is a relative atomic mass?

The relative atomic mass, RAM ofan element isdefined as the average mass of an atom of the element compared to 1/12 of the mass of one carbon-12 atom.

Bagaimana Jisim atom relatif dikira? How is Relative Atomic Mass Calculated?

 karbon-12 (isotop karbon) dipilih sebagai atom

piawai  Carbon-12 (carbon isotope) is selected as the standard atom
 Jisim dapat ditentukan dengan  Mass can be determined accurately (mass
tepat (spektrometer jisim) spectrometer,
 Mudah dikendalikan  Easy to operate,
 Mempunyai jisim 12.00  Has a mass of 12.00
 Jisim satu atom unsur berbanding 1/12 jisim  The mass of one atom of an element is equal to 1/12 the mass of one
satukarbon-12 carbon-12

Jisim 1 atom karbon-12 = 12.00

Mass of 1 carbon-12 atom

Jisim satu atom karbon-12 = 1.00

mass of 1 carbon-12 atom

-2-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
Jisim atom relatif / Relative atomic mass

Zarah/ Particle: Atom C= N=

Na =

Bahan / Substance: Unsur/Element

Jisim molekul relatif / Relative molecular mass

Zarah/ Particle:
H2 = O2 =
Bahan / Substance:

Zarah/ Particle: H2O = CO2 =

Bahan / Substance:

Jisim formula relatif / Relative formula mass

CaCl2 = NaNO3 = Al2(SO4)3 =

Zarah/ Particle:

Bahan / Substance:

-3-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours

-4-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours

-5-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours

-6-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours

-7-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
3.3 FORMULA KIMIA
Chemical Formula
NAMA KIMIA SEBATIAN LAZIM
Common Chemical Compounds
SEBATIAN BES ALKALI G A R A M
Compound Base Alkali S a l t
NAMA LOGAM OKSIDA HIDROKSIDA NITRAT KARBONAT SULFAT KLORIDA
Oxide Hydroxide Nitrate Carbonate Sulphate Chloride
LOGAM O 2-
OH -
NO3 - CO3 2- SO4 2- Cl -

NATRIUM Na +

Sodium

KALSIUM Ca2+
Calcium

ALUMINIUM Al3+
Aluminium

ZINK Zn2+
Zinc

HIDROGEN** H+
Hydrogen**

FERUM(II) Fe2+
Iron (II)

FERUM(III) Fe3+
Iron (III)

ZINK Zn2+
Zinc

PLUMBUM (II) Pb2+

Lead (II)

KUPRUM (I) Cu+

Copper (I)

KUPRUM (II) Cu2+

Copper (II)

-8-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
SEBATIAN OKSIGEN HIDROGEN NITROGEN KLORIN BROMIN IODIN OZON
FORMULA O2 H2 N2 Cl2 Br2 I2 O3
MOLEKUL

Molecular
Formula

SEBATIAN KARBON KARBON SULFUR SULFUR HIDROGEN AMMONIA

DIOKSIDA MONOKSIDA TRIOKSIDA DIOKSIDA KLORIDA
FORMULA CO2 CO SO3 SO2 HCl NH3
MOLEKUL

Molecular
Formula

SEBATIAN METANA ETANOL GLUKOSA UREA BENZENA

FORMULA CH4 C2H5OH C6H12O6 CH4N2O C6H12
MOLEKUL

Molecular
Formula

FORMULA
EMPIRIK

Empirical
Formula

-9-
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
3.4 PERSAMAAN KIMIA
Chemical Equation

Latih Tubi 1
Tuliskan persamaan tindak balas yang seimbang untuk setiap yang berikut:-
Write a balance chemical equation for each of the following reaction.

1. Natrium + Oksigen Natrium Oksida

Sodium + Oxygen Sodium Oxide

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Aluminium + Oksigen Aluminium Oksida

Aluminium + Oksigen Aluminium Oksida

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Kuprum + gas Klorin Kuprum(II) Klorida

Copper + gas Chlorine Copper (II) Chloride

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Kuprum(II) Oksida + Karbon Kuprum+ Karbon Dioksida

Copper(II) Oxide + Carbon Copper + Carbon dioxide

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Kalsium Oksida + Asid Hidroklorik Kalsium Klorida + Air

Potassium Oxide + Hydrochloric Acid Potassium Chloride + Water

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

- 10 -
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
6. Kalsium Hidroksida + Asid Hidroklorik Kalsium Klorida + Air
Potassium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric Acid Potassium Chloride + Water

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. Kuprum(II) karbonat + asid sulfurik kuprum(II) sulfat + air + karbon dioksida

Copper (II) Carbonate +Sulphiric Acid Copper(II) Sulphate + Carbon Dioxide

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. Kuprum(II) karbonat Kuprum(II) Oksida + Karbon Dioksida

Copper (II) Carbonate Copper(II) Oxide + Carbon Dioxide

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9. Plumbum(II) Nitrat Plumbum (II) + Nitrogen Dioksida + Oksigen

Lead(II) Nitrate Lead(II) Oxide + Nitrogen Dioxide + Oxygen

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. Zink Oksida + Asid Nitrik Zink Nitrat + Air

Zinc oxide + nitric acid Zinc Nitrate + Water

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

- 11 -
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
Latih Tubi 2 The Choice Is Yours

1. Sebatian X terdiri dari 40% Karbon, 6.7% Hidrogen dan 53.3% Oksigen berdasarkan jisim. Jisim
Molekul Relatif X ialah 60. Tentukan bagi sebatian X tersebut;
Compound X consists of 40% Carbon, 6.7% Hydrogen and 53.3% Oxygen by mass. The Relative
Molecular Mass of X is 60. Determine for the compound X;
i. Formula Empirik Empirical formula
ii. Formula Molekul Molecular Formula
[ JAR/RAM C=12, H=6.7 , O=16 ]

2. Tindak balas kuprum(II) oksida, CuO dengan aluminium ditunjukkan dalam persamaan kimia di
bawah.
The reaction of copper (II) oxide, CuO with aluminum is shown in the chemical
equation below.

3CuO (s) + 2Al (s) Al2O3 (s) + 3Cu (s)

Kira jisim logam aluminium yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas sepenuhnya dengan 12 g
kuprum(II) oksida, CuO.
Calculate the mass of aluminum metal required to fully react with 12 g copper (II) oxide, CuO.
[JAR: O, 16 ; Al, 27 ; Cu, 64]

- 12 -
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
The Choice Is Yours
3. Seorang pelajar memanaskan dengan kuat 20 g kalsium karbonat, CaCO3. Ia mengurai mengikut
persamaan kimia di bawah.
A student vigorously heated 20 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO3. It
decomposes according to the chemical equation below.

CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

a) Jika gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil dikumpulkan pada suhu bilik,
apakah isipadu gas tersebut?
If the resulting carbon dioxide gas is collected at room temperature,
what is the volume of the gas?
b) Kira jisim bagi kalsium oksida, CaO yang terhasil.
Calculate the mass of the resulting calcium oxide, CaO.
[JAR: C, 12 ; O, 16 ; Ca, 40 ; Isipadu Molar = 24 dm3 mol-1]

- 13 -
 Think Globally, Act Locally
Difficult Doesn’t Mean Impossible

Even A Noob If Continously Practices

Will Become A Specialist.
NOTES :
The Choice Is Yours

- 14 -