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Model 1
Model 1
Model Exam AP -
Parvathy- Gold
(https://www.entri.me) (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?
id=me.entri.entrime)
Typesetting math: 100%
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Solution
IGBT incorporates the advantages of both BJT and MOSFET. BJT has
better ON state performance while the switching performance is poor. A
MOSFET has the advantages of higher commutation speed and better
switching performance. Thus IGBT possess both low conduction loss and
low switching losses.
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2. If the time delay of an AND gate is 3ns, delay of an OR gate is 2ns and
delay of a NOT gate is 1ns, what will be the total propagation delay for
the generation of sum output of half adder?
A 10 ns
B 8 ns
C 6 ns
D 4 ns
Solution
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Here, A
¯
and B
¯
will produce simultaneously. Also A
¯
B and AB will
¯
produce simultaneously.
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3. Which winding will provide the higher emf for a D.C. generator when
the number of poles and the number of armature conductors are
fixed?
A Wave winding
B Lap winding
Solution
ϕZN P
Emf for DC generator = 60A
Volts.
Where number of parallel paths,
A= 2 for wave winding
A= P for lap winding
Therefore, when Z and P are fixed emf is high for wave winding.
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r at f
B
= 0
C 2
r
for all frequencies
r
at f
D 2
= 0
Solution
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5. For 4 bit parallel adder, what is the delay for producing result in terms
of t where t represents propagation delay of a single gate ?
pd pd
A tpd
B 2tpd
C 4tpd
D 8tpd
Solution
For n bit parallel adder, delay for producing result = 2nt pd where t pd
Hence delay = 8t pd
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A AC supply voltage
B Reference voltage
C Control voltage
D Input voltage
Solution
The clipping level is determined by the reference voltage which should be
less than the input voltage range of an op-amp.
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A A
B B
C Both A and B
Solution
Total phase shift around magnetron cavity is an integral multiple of \(2\pi\)
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A increase slightly
B decrease slightly
C become double
D become half
Solution
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Solution
The output voltage of a phase detector is a dc voltage and is often referred
to as error voltage. This output is applied to the low pass filter which
removes the high frequency noise and produces a dc level.
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A noisy
Solution
FETs combine the many advantages of both BJTs and vacuum tubes.
Some of their advantages are high input impedance, small size, long
life, etc.
Disadvantages include small gain-bandwidth product and handling
damage.
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A Low-power
B High power
C Digital
D None of these
Solution
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A 12 ms
B 24 ns
C 48 ns
D 60 ns
Solution
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A Darcy equation
B Stokes equation
C Fanning equation
Solution
The derivation of the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for laminar flow in
straight, circular pipes is based on the following two assumptions:
The viscous property of fluid follows Newton’s law of viscosity.
There is no relative motion between fluid particles and solid
boundaries, that is, no slip of fluid particles at the solid boundary.
Hence option D is correct.
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14. Which among the following represents the condition of reciprocity for
transmission parameters?
A A=D
B AD-BC=1
C A=-D
D AD-BC=-1
Solution
\(V_1=0,I_1=-I_1,V_2=V_s\)
\(-I_1=\frac{AD-BC}{B}V_s\)
From these two, we get
AD-BC=1
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15. Find the Thevenin's equivalent resistance (in ohms) across the load
terminals A-B.
A 10
B 15
C 20
D 25
Solution
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A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 1 and 1
D 2 and 2
Solution
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B
The impedence of one of the network is the complex conjugate of other.
Solution
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18. For the linear circuit shown in figure I is the current flowing through
R.
V=20V when R=infinity. I=4A when R=0. Find the value of current I
when R=5ohm.
A 1A
B 2A
C 3A
D 4A
Solution
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\(I_{sc}=I_{R=0}=4A\)
\(R_{Th}=V/I=20/4=5\Omega\)
Thevenin's equivalent resistance will be in series to given
resistance(R=5)
Then Current I throgh R=20/(5+5)=2A
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19. Identify the feedback amplifier with small input impedance and large
output impedance
A Transconductance amplifier
B Voltage amplifier
C Current amplifier
D Transresistance amplifier
Solution
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A Exponential function of s
B Sinusoidal function of s
C Complex
Solution
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21. Which one of the following is the TF of a linear system whose output
is \(t^2e^{-t}\) for a unit step input
A \(s/(s+1)^3\)
B \(2s/(s+1)^3\)
C \(1/s(s+1)\)
D \(2s/s(s+1)^2\)
Solution
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A Simplex
B Half duplex
C Full duplex
D None of these
Solution
A duplex communication system is a point-to-point system composed of
two or more connected parties or devices that can communicate with one
another in both directions. In a full-duplex system, both parties can
communicate with each other simultaneously.
In an 8051, serial port can transmit and receive simultaneously.
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C
A computer system with two or more CPUs with each one sharing the common
main memory as well as peripherals
Solution
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A AC Excitation
B DC Excitation
C Either A or B
D None of these
Solution
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25. The circuit shown consists of J-K flipflops, each with an active low
asynchronous reset (\(\bar R_d\) input). The counter corresponding
to this circuit is
Solution
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D None of these
Solution
Gain of an antenna is given by:
G = \(\eta \:D\)
Where, \(\eta \:\rightarrow\) Antenna effieciency and D \
(\rightarrow\:\)Directivity
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A ARP
B RARP
C DHCP
D ICMP
Solution
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28. Which among the following is the reason for the depletion layer of the
tunnel diode to be very small?
D Tunneling effect
Solution
The tunnel diode is also highly doped. Its doping concentration varies
within a small scale. So it's an abrupt diode. For these reasons, the
depletion region is small.
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A Null
B Active
C Power
D Passive
Solution
The passive transducer produces a change in some passive electrical
quantity, such as capacitance, resistance, or inductance, as a result of
stimulation.
Passive transducers usually require additional electrical energy.
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A \(\frac{r_o+R_L}{r_o}\)
B \(\frac{R_{in}}{R_{in}+r_o}\)
C \(\frac{R_L}{R_s+R_{in}}\)
D \(\frac{R_{in}}{R_s+R_L}\)
Solution
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Then \(A_v=\frac{R_L}{R_s+R_{in}}\)
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Solution
Tunnel diode is a type of semiconductor diode that has effectively
"negative resistance" due to the quantum mechanical effect called
tunneling.
It can be used in oscillators and amplifiers.
Tunnel diodes are made from germanium or gallium arsenide due to
their highest peak voltage to valley point swing.
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32. What do phase shift oscillators, Wien bridge oscillators and Twin T
oscillators have in common?
Solution
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A Counter type
B Flash Type
Solution
The SAR is fast, accurate and easy to make so its most widely used.
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A SAR
B Counter Type
C Time-Interleaved
D Dual Slope
Solution
Option A is the correct answer.
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35. In a weighted resistor DAC, the largest resistor value will correspond
to ?
A Bit \(2^{n}\)
B Bit n
C Bit \(2^{0}\)
D Bit 0
Solution
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C Resistive innature
D
Can be either inductive, capacitive or resistive depending on the length of
transmission line
Solution
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A 2\(\pi\)
B \(\pi\)
C \(\infty\)
Solution
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A
Interconnection is possible between radio links, switching center with out
decoding
B Simple circuitary
Solution
ADVANTAGES
Disadvantages
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40. A system with open loop transfer function 4/s(s+2) has an order of :
A 4
B 2
C 1
D 0
Solution
The order of the system is defined by the number of independent energy
storage elements in the system, and intuitively by the highest order of the
linear differential equation that describes the system.
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A Critically damped
B Undamped
C Overdamped
D Underdamped
Solution
The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure describing how oscillations
in a system decay after a disturbance. Many systems exhibit oscillatory
behavior when they are disturbed from their position of static equilibrium
The damping ratio is a system parameter, denoted by ζ (zeta), that can vary
from undamped (ζ = 0), underdamped (ζ < 1) through critically damped (ζ
= 1) to overdamped (ζ > 1).
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42. The steady state error for a type 1 system with unit step input is :
A 1/1+Kp
B 1/Kp
C 1
D 0
Solution
The steady state error for different inputs is given by:
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Solution
Parabolic: A.u(t).t2/2
Ramp: A.t.u(t)
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44. In an LED the entire process of data reception, shifting, latching and
decoding are synchronized and controlled by a -------.
B Clock
C Shift register
D m- line decoder
Solution
control module.
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A 11 \( nA/m^{2} \)
B 5.5 \( pA/m^{2} \)
D 2.3 \( mA/m^{2} \)
Solution
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A 0.033 V
B 0.05 V
C 0.0667 V
D 0.10 V
Solution
\(SNR=1.76+6n\)
\(43.5=1.76+6n\)
\(6n=43.5-1.76\Rightarrow n=7\)
No. of quantization level is \(2^{7}=128\)
Step size required is \(\frac{V_{H}-V_{L}}{128}=\frac{5-(-5)}
{128}\approx 0.0667\)
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A \( n + p = n_{i} + p_{i} \)
B \( n + n_{i} = p + p_{i} \)
Solution
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A
Waves propagate along the axis of the guide with E/H completely transverse to
the axis of the guide
B
Waves propagate along the axis of the guide with E/H fields that are in all
possible directions between the guide walls
C
Waves propagate in all possible directions and have E/H field lines in all possible
directions between the guide walls
D None of these
Solution
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49. Using the incremental low frequency small-signal model of the MOS
device, the Norton equivalent resistance of the following circuit is
B \( r_{ds} + R + g_{m}r_{ds}R \)
C \( r_{ds} + \frac{1}{g_{m}} + R \)
D \( r_{ds} + R \)
Solution
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50. Statement 1: For radar system, antennas with a large beam width are
preferred over narrow beam antennas.
Solution
If a narrow beam width antenna is used in radar, the target’s direction can
be accurately given by the angular position of the antenna. Hence narrow
beam antennas give more accurate position of the objects.
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A Zero
B \( 5\mu N \)
C \( 5N \)
D \( 20\mu N \)
Solution
\( \bar{H} = -\bar{\bigtriangledown}V_{m} \)
=\( \left \lfloor -(4x+4)\hat{a_{x}}+ (4y)\hat{a_{y}}\right \rfloor \)\
( A/m \)
\( \bar{H} = \left \lfloor -(4x+4)\hat{a_{x}}+ (4y)\hat{a_{y}}\right
\rfloor \)\( A/m \)
\( \bar{B} = 4\mu_{0} \left \lfloor -(x+1)\hat{a_{x}}+
y\hat{a_{y}}\right \rfloor Wb/m^{2}\)
\( \bar{dF} = I \bar{dL}\times \bar{B}\)
\( \bar{dL} = dx \hat{a_{x}} \)
\( \bar{dF} = (5 dx \hat{a_{x}} )\times 4\mu_{0} \left \lfloor -
\( = 20 \mu_{0} dx y \hat{a_{z}}\)
\(\therefore\: F = \int \bar{dF} = \int_{0}^{1} 20 \mu_{0} y
\hat{a_{z}} dx| y = 0 \)
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52. If energy is taken from AC side of the inverter and sends it back to
the DC side then it is known as
D None of these
Solution
If energy is taken from AC side of the inverter and sends it back to the DC
side then it is known as regenerative mode operation
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53. What are the different ways to classify an Intrusion Detection System
(IDS) ?
Solution
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54. Which sublayer of the data link layer performs data link functions
that depend upon the type of medium?
Solution
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A \( 2^{14} \)
B \( 2^{7} \)
C \( 2^{21} \)
D \( 2^{24} \)
Solution
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56. S1: The MOSFET combines the areas of field effect & MOS
technology
S2: MOSFET is a voltage controlled device.
Solution
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A 1.25\(m^3/s\)
B 2.15\(m^3/s\)
C 0.25\(m^3/s\)
D 0.50\(m^3/s\)
Solution
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A \( 45^0 ,90^0\)
B \( 90^0 ,180^0\)
C \( 180^0 ,270^0\)
D \( 90^0 ,270^0\)
Solution
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59. When the gain margin is positive and phase margin is negative,the
system is \( \textit{..........} \)
A Stable
B Unstable
C Oscillatory
D Highly stable
Solution
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60. The following circuit implements a two-input AND gate using two
2−1 multiplexers.
What are the values of X\( _{1} \),X\( _{2} \),X\( _{3} \)?
Solution
f = X\( _{3} \) (\( \bar{X _{3} } \) b + X\( _{1} \) a) + \( \bar{X
_{3} } \) X\( _{2} \)
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A (i) only
B (ii) only
Solution
Simple hardware
Simple instruction set
All address modes available.
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List 1 List 2
A A-3,B-4,C-2,D-1
B A-4,B-3,C-2,D-1
C A-3,B-4,C-1,D-2
D A-4,B-3,C-1,D-2
Solution
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(b) When the temperature increases lattice vibrations increases, so the free
\( e^{-} \) present in crystal collides with atoms and mobility of carriers
changes. This is called scattering mechanism.
(c) When the carrier moves freely, after it's life time it falls from
conduction band and recombination takes place.
(d) When the temperature increases, band to band transition takes place
and electron hole pairs generated which is known as intrinsic carrier
concentration.
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A Area
B Amplitude
C Frequency
D Time period
Solution
The area under unit impulse function is unity. It can be seen as a
rectangular puse with width is negligible and the height is infinitely
large and area as one.
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A Cubic meter
B Volumetric meter
C Acceleration meter
D Area meter
Solution
A flow meter is a device used to measure the volume or mass of a
gas or liquid.
Flow meters are referred to by many names, such as flow gauge,
flow indicator, liquid meter, flow rate sensor, etc. depending on the
particular industry.
They are used to measure linear, nonlinear, mass or volumetric flow
rate of a liquid or a gas.
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A Attenuation
B Cost
C Easy of construction
Solution
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A cost+sint
B sint+cost+(\(\frac{1+cos2t}{2}\))
C cost+sintcost
D cost+\(\frac{1-cos2t}{2}\)
Solution
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A Causal
B Non-causal
C Both A and B
Solution
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A 6W
B 12W
C 24W
D 48W
Solution
\(V_s=48V, R=24\Omega,f_s=250Hz,T_{ON}=DT=1ms\)
Time period \(T=\frac 1{f_s}=4ms\)
Duty cycle \(D=\frac{T_{ON}}T=\frac14\)
Output voltage \(V_o=DV_s=12V\)
Output current \(I_o=\frac {V_o}R=0.5A\)
Power \(P=V_oI_o=6W\)
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A A and B
B A and C
C A ,B and C
D B and C
Solution
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C Encoder
Solution
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71. When both inputs of JK flipflops are high, the output will \
(\textit{__}\).
A Invalid
B Change
C Not change
D Toggle
Solution
In JK flipflop when both inputs are high the output toggles ie,it
changes from high to low and low to high periodically when both
inputs are high.
Jk flipflop is the most widely used flipflop.
the sequencial operation of the JK flipflop is same as for the SR
flipflop with the same SET and RESET input.
The Jk flipflop does not the invalid state of the SR flipflop when
both inputs are high.
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A 0,0 and 1
B 1,0 and 1
C 0,1 and 1
D 1,1 and 1
Solution
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D {5,6,7,8,7,6,5}
Solution
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74. The migration of charge carriers from higher density to lower density
is called \(\textit{__}\).
A Drift current
B Diffusion current
Solution
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75. If 3nA is the reverse current of a silicon diode at \( 25^{o} \)c. what
will be the typical reverse current at \( 45^{0} \)c ?
A 3 nA
B 6 nA
C 9 nA
D 12 nA
Solution
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Solution
An Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is part of the abstract model of
a computer that defines how the CPU is controlled by the software.
The ISA acts as an interface between the hardware and the software,
specifying both what the processor is capable of doing as well as
how it gets done.
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B M \( \frac{\partial x}{\partial t} \ \)
C M \( \times \)X
Solution
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78. The output of a linear system to a unit step input u(t) is \( t^{2}
e^{-2t} \). The system function H(s) is?
A \( \frac{2s}{(s+2)^3} \)
B \( \frac{2s}{(s+2)^2} \)
C \( \frac{s}{(s+2)^3} \)
D \( \frac{2s}{(s)^3} \)
Solution
\( X(s)=\frac{1}{s} \)
\( Y(s) = \frac{2}{(s+2)^3} \)
H(s)=\( \frac{Y(s)}{X(s)} \)
So H(s)=\( \frac{2s}{(s+2)^3} \)
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Solution
Zeroth law of thermodynamics:
When a body A is in thermal equilibrium with body B , and also
seperately with Body C, then B and C will be in thermal equilibrium
with each other.
It is the basic law which defines the concept of temperature.
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80. If a mechanical system consist of two mass elements then the number
of differential equation governing the system is \(\textit{__}\).
A 2
B 4
C 3
D 1
Solution
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Solution
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82. In a h-parameter model of BJT, the input and output sections are
modelled as?
A Voltage sources
B Current sources
Solution
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Solution
Manometers are the simpler, most direct and most accurate of all
pressure measuring means.
Normally limited to measurement of differential pressure less than
30 psi.
Liquid column manometer is the commonly used type.
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A Program counter
B Data pointer
C Register A
D Both A and B
Solution
8051 microcontroller has two 16 bit registers DPTR and PC.
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A \(\beta+1\)
B \(\frac{\beta+1}{1+\beta(\frac{R_{E}}{{R_{E}+R_{TH}}})}\)
C \(\beta\)
D None of these
Solution
Stability factor of voltage divider bias is \(S = \frac{\beta+1}
{1+\beta(\frac{R_{E}}{{R_{E}+R_{TH}}})}\)
It is independent of collector resistance.
Stability factor is least for voltage divider bias.
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86. Which of the following addressing modes are suitable for program
relocation at run time ?
Solution
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A 15A, B TO A
B 5A, A TO B
C 5A, B TO A
D 15A, A TO B
Solution
From A to B
\(I_{1}=\frac{5}{1}=5A\)
\(I_{2}=10A\)
Total=10+5=15A
Typesetting math: 100%
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From B to A,
15A should pass through \(5\Omega\) resistor.
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88. The main difference between a CISC and a RISC processor is/are
that a CISC processor has \(----\).
D Less registers.
Solution
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89. The vector potential at the position defined by the vector \(\vec{r}\) in
a uniform magnetic field is?
Solution
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Solution
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\( X(z)= 1+z^{-1} \)
A \( x[n]=δ[n]+δ[n−1] \)
B \( x[n]=u[n]+u[n−1] \)
C \( x[n]=2δ[n] \)
D \( x[n]=δ[n]+δ[n+1] \)
Solution
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D Network of sensors
Solution
The Internet of things describes physical objects with sensors,
processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and
exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or
other communications networks.
In simple terms, the Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the digitally
connected universe of smart devices
The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as
gain complete control over their lives.
software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and
exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.
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A 1 and 2
B 2 and 3
C 1 and 3
D All of these
Solution
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C Both A and B
Solution
The matched filter receiver is a linear time invariant receiver.
A filter generates an output to maximize the output peak power ratio
to mean noise power within its frequency response then it is called a
matched filter.
In telecommunications, it is the optimal linear filter used to increase
the SNR or signal-to-noise ratio in the existence of additive
stochastic noise.
The matched filter maximizes the SNR of the filtered signal and has
an impulse response that is reverse time-shifted version of the input
signal.
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A 2 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
Solution
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A 1 only
B 2 only
C Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
Solution
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98. Let the signal \(x(t) =10cos (10.5Wt)\) is passed through an LTI
system having impulse response \(h(t) = \pi (\frac{sin Wt}{\pi
t})^{2}cos(10 W t)\). The output of the system is
A \((\frac{15W}{4})cos (10.5Wt)\)
B \((\frac{15W}{2})cos (10.5Wt)\)
C \((\frac{15W}{8})cos (10.5Wt)\)
D \((15W)cos (10.5Wt)\)
Solution
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fourier transform.
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A
\(\delta[n] + \delta[n-1] - \frac{1}{2}\delta[n-2] - \frac{5}{2}\delta[n-3]+
\delta[n-5]\)
B
\(\delta[n] - \delta[n-1] - \frac{1}{2}\delta[n-2] - \frac{5}{2}\delta[n-3]+
\delta[n-5]\)
C
\(\delta[n] - \delta[n-1] - \frac{1}{2}\delta[n-2] + \frac{5}{2}\delta[n-3]-
\delta[n-5]\)
D
\(\delta[n] + \delta[n-1] + \frac{1}{2}\delta[n-2] +\frac{5}{2}\delta[n-3]+
\delta[n-5]\)
Solution
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A Recording instruments
B Indicating instrument
Solution
Indicating instruments are instruments which measure analog
electrical quantities.
The measurand is converted into a proportional deflecting torqu
which moves a pointer over a dial.
A controlling torque provided by a spring type mechanism balances
and holds the pointer at the position corresponding to the deflecting
force.
The d'Arsonval meter is a PMMC instrument and hence it comes
under the category of indicating instruments.
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(https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?
(https://www.entri.me)
id=me.entri.entrime)
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