ENGLISH  Fashion and fabrics
 Multicultural arts
Analyzing great literature is just like examining
great art, and the integration or art is literature
provides opportunities for students for all levels
to build strong LITERARY SKILLS, as well as
LITERACY SKILLS in WRITING, SPEAKING &
LISTENING. (ZINDLER 2009)
In the first book “THE POWER OF PICTURES” –
how teachers can, through arts urge students,
particularly those who encounter difficulties in
learning make great strides in the domains of
both reading and writing.
In the second book “THINKING AND LEARNING
THROUGH DRAWING IN PRIMARY
CLASSROOMS”- how drawing provides the
avenue for children to be creative and to
express themselves with more freedom and less
restraint.
Arts are powerful tool for literacy – students are
given art to work, have to master CRITICAL
THINKING, DECISION MAKING, ANALYSIS,
FOCUS & CONCENTRATION, NEGOTATION AND
BARGAINING, COMMUNICATION, TEAM-WORK
& COLLABORATION. ( SMITH & HERRING 1986)
When arts activities are integrated into reading
lessons, it is amazing how children do not get
tired telling and retelling stories and their
experience. (MATHIESON 2015)
FUNG points out how the integration of
meaningful and purposeful artworks in the
study of literature serves as a fertile ground
VISUAL ARTS
for innovativeness. Painting
 Sketching
 Drawing
 Sculpture (clay, dough)
 Photography & digital arts
 Mosaics, pottery, crafts, stamping,
group murals
Drama- a mode of fictional representations
through dialogue & performance,
composed of VERSE & PROSE that presents
a story either in pantomime or dialogue.
(LITERARY DEVICES 2017)
THE USE OF DRAMA IN CLASSROOMS
 Makes connection in reading
 Allows student to express
 Motivate learners
 It is inclusive
 Use of bloom’s taxonomy
(KWASNICA 2006)
 Integrates all modes of
communication and literacy
Story dramatization- introduces children to the
writing process that allows them to creatively
express their ideas and feelings and develop
social skills. (RIEG & PAQUETTE 2009)
Text-centered Drama (WOLF 2004)
 Primary virtue is the text
 Interpreting the words
 Reader’s theater (famous type)
 Develops reading fluency
 Stage is unnecessary
 Puppetry
 Involves children reading parts in script
 Students do not memorize their parts
Reader’s theater- strategy that combines
reading practice and performing. Enhances
child’s reading skills & confidence because they
practice reading with expressions & with
purpose. (BAFILE 2003)
Puppets- are movable dolls that a puppeteer
manipulates. The body movement provides
visual impressions that convey emotions
through movements.
BELFIORE – FOR SHY STUDENTS PUPPETRY is
recommended.
Text-edged drama
 Starts with a text and then explore it
 Teacher-in-role
 Explorations is everyone’s responsibility
 Critical space like critiquing questions
 Emphasizes a dialogue approach to
drama
Teacher-in role feature- the practice of teacher
structuring within the drama by participating in
fictional encounters with their students. The
teacher is not domineering. Both teacher and
students are engaged. (HEATHCOTE 1995)
Critical space- allows children and their
teachers to live in the life of the drama. Focuses
on critical evaluation of the dramatic exercise.
(WOLF 2004)
Ursula K. Le Guins says the VALUE OF CREATIVE
WRITING
 Is someone WHO CARES about what words
mean
 Storytellers & Poets STREGNTHEN THEIR
SOULS by using words
 Creative writing UNLOCKS A CHILD’S
IMAGINATIONS inspiring them to have a
love for words
 LET US INTO THEIR INNER WORLDS that is
reflective of their writing styles
 Students form a special connection of
writing which develop their higher-level
literacy skills.
1. Use of literary response journals- write
down their thoughts about texts that
include their personal questions,
predictions, feelings, and observations
about the text. (WOLF 2014)
3 kinds of responses
 Summarizing
 Anticipating predictions or asking questions
 Critiquing the text
2. Free writing- a process of writing without
stopping, editing, sharing, and worrying
about grammar. 10-15 minutes and can be
done at least 3 times a week. Also called
AUTOMATIC WRITING that brings together
the process of producing words and putting
them down on a page. (PETER ELBOW 1973)
3. Narrative writing- characterized by a
fictional story that has the main character in
a specific setting who encounters a problem
or event. Writing narrative will involves the
writers tone, purpose, voice, and structure.
Visual learners- occupy a high percentage in the
pie compared to their auditory and kinesthetic
learners. (HIMMELE, P.W & POTTER)
1. Quotable quotes board- posts on the
bulletin board the quotes they found in the
storybooks poems or short stories.
2. #My superhero wall- drawing about their
ideal character in the story and enhances
their reflective thinking.
3. Butcher paper- title prompts selected by
the literature teacher and a blank space for
students to write on. The graphic organizer
act as a memory aid for the pupils.
4. Collecting word walls- teacher posts an
empty envelope on the board that will act
as a basket of difficult words.
5. Great opening lines wall- learners can be
asked to document the opening lines of the
book they’ve read.
6. The class bookworm- add-on board for the
pupils to write their thoughts related to
literary piece read in class, acts as freedom
wall or a vandal wall regarding the literary
piece.
7. The WIDU bank- acts as an avenue for them
to be heard in class w/o using their oral
skills.
STRATEGIES
1. RIPPLING & BOUNCING ANSWERS
(Himmele and Himmele)- elicit answers to
be processed by the whole class.
Collaborative approach, craft
CONTROVERSIAL, HIGHER-ORDER, and
CRITICAL QUESTIONS. Banks on REFLECTIVE
& DIVERGENT THINKING SKILLS. Used
either before or after reading.
2. LINK-IT CARDS- pupils take the initiatives
for their own thought-sharing experience.
Banks on the power of SCAFFOLDING or
LEARNER-SUPPORT in the initial stage of
thought processing for them to become
active learner.
3. FINDING PARTNER IN A MUSIC MINGLE-
teacher uses an activity to develop the
DIVERGENT THINKING ability of the pupils.
Repeated at least 3 rounds, rules must also
be discussed.
4. EXPANDING YOUR NETWORK- used for
DEBRIEFING or as LESSON-ENDER. Teachers
provide debriefing prompts, questions or
incomplete statements. Teacher should
offer metacognitive questions to engage the
pupils.
5. HUMAN LIKERT SCALE AND SAVVY
SURVEY- pupils have the chance to enhance
their decision making skills and to let them
make a stand on an issue.
SUSTAINED SILENT READING- a period of
uninterrupted silent reading. Based upon a
single principal. READING IS A SKILL.
8 FACTORS FOR SSR SUCCESS
1. ACCESS- students must have access to
BOOKS, collecting books and creating a
classroom library.
2. APPEAL- reading materials are sufficiently
interesting and provocative enough for
students to want to read them.
3. CONDUCIVE ENVIRONMENT- SSR should be
SILENT, QUIET & UNINTERRUPTED, having
“DO NOT DISTURB”
4. ENCOURAGEMENT- Teacher participation in
SSR is an essential form of encouragement.
Teachers also works as a resource for
students, making recommendations based
on students interests.
5. STAFF TRAINING- it is important that SSR is
a school-wide activity, all teachers buy in
and commit to the program. The role of
teachers is an active one in SSR. Having
workshops and presentations can improve
the success of SSR programs.
6. NON-ACCOUNTABILITY- to omit any activity
that gives students the message that they
are responsible for completing a task,
comprehending a particular portion of their
reading, or showing that they have made
improvement in some way.
7. FOLLOW UP ACTIVITIES- extends the
excitement of reading a good book. This can
involve teacher-to-student, student-to-
student, and whole-class discussions.
8. DISTRIBUTED TIME TO READ- how long
should students be given to read and how
often SSR should take place. Students have
15 to 30 minutes to read. The length of time
given to read is less influential on students
success than the frequency with which
students are given SSR time.
This strategy is also effective in developing literacy
skills of the students. It involve the writer’s tone,
purpose, voice and structure also, characterized by a
fictional story that has the main character in a
specific setting who encounters a problem or event.
C. Narrative Writing
In order to develop a child’s literacy skills in creative
writing, teachers should________
A. Allow students to express their own narratives
through writing
Which of the following techniques in pupil-
participation is best for debriefing?
B. Expanding Your Network
Which of the following experiences of teacher Cathy
is an example of total pupil participation in her
English class?
C. Using leveled games
She is an ambassador for the National Literacy Trust
in UK and urges that children should have a
notebook to write or draw for the fun of it and to
write what they want to write without that fear of
getting red marks or corrections. Who is this
ambassador?
A. Cowell
Using Link-It Cards as a technique primarily banks on
what specific learning theory?
A. Scaffolding
Peter Elbow developed freewriting as a writing
strategy. His strategy is particular with the following
statements, EXCEPT:
D. Freewriting is a process of writing without
stopping and editing
In the following total pupil-participation techniques
(Rippling and Bouncing Answers and Finding Partner
in a Music Mingle), what element is present in both
of them?
B. Wait-time
Why is teaching literature essential to the pupils?
D. For the pupils to develop critical thinking skills
Teacher Gloria picked a controversy from the text
the class has just read. She used it as a situation for
the pupils to react to dyads, triads, and bigger
circles. What technique did she use?
C. Rippling and Bouncing Answers
What technique is used by the beginning elementary
English teacher when she used a sound signal for the
pupils to communicate with their classmates?
A. Finding Partner in a Music Mingle
Ella is always caught daydreaming in Teacher
Makaspak's English class. What is the best choice
that Teacher Makaspak should consider?
C. Provide a group activity where Ella becomes the
leader.
Which statement about pupils' participation is
FALSE?
A. Entertainment is superior to learning.
Teacher Gellie aims to develop the critical thinking
skills of her pupils in Grade 6. She plans to give
activities. Which should be her best choice?
D. Ask the pupils to answer real-life situations
related to the text.
Leinard, a Grade 5 pupil, picked a piece of paper
from the envelope posted on the display board. He
tried to define a troublesome word on the piece of
paper and wrote a sentence using that word. The
pupils were engaged into what display board
technique?
B. Collecting Words Wall
Teacher Joy used pupil-generated board displays as a
teaching strategy for the pupils to appreciate
literature and improve literacy. She asked the pupils
to pick the lines that attracted them most and post
them on the display board. What technique did she
use?
C. Quotable Quotes Board
Teacher Kuku Martin noticed that the majority of his
Grade 4 pupils love to draw. He, therefore, asked
them to illustrate the main character of the
respective stories they were reading and post them
on the display board. What technique did Teacher
Kuku Martin employ?
D. #MySuperhero Wall
Which among the following pedagogical concepts
can be highly associated with the development of
higher-order thinking skills?
A. Inquiry-based teaching - “Six Thinking Hats
approach”to immerse the pupils to use their HOTS
and in literature questioning matters.
Educationalists agree that thinking skills can be
classified into higher- or lower- order. Which among
the following does NOT belong to the group?
B. Applying
One beginning teacher wants to develop an activity
that triggers the use of critical thinking among her
pupils in English. Which of the following does NOT
belong?
A. Ask the pupils to restate the quotable quote.
Using drama in the classroom helps make
connections in reading, whether it be text-to-text,
text-to-self-and text-to-world. Which of the
following statements reflects text-to-world?
A. What I just read makes me wonder about the
future because…
One distinct feature of Text-Edged Drama is critical
space. Which of the following questions is the best
question to ask for critical evaluation?
D. Could you feel the pain of the protagonist after
he lost his best friend?
Analyzing painting, sculpture, photography, or
architecture can develop literacies such as
deepening understanding, identifying new details,
making connections, and expanding knowledge of
the world. This statement is:
A. True
Which concept pertains to the ability to think
clearly and rationally and to understand the
logical connection between ideas?
C. Critical thinking
When planning visual art and literature-based
experiences, a combination of free- time
activities and planned activities must be
provided. The methods of including visual art
and literature elements into free time include
the following, EXCEPT:
C. Provide writing paper and pencils available
for children to write whenever the mood
strikes.
EDU 536
School leadership - is an essential factor that
contributes to the successful operation of an
organization.
Heighted by Christie, Thompson, and Whiteley
2009
1. Developing a deep understanding of how
to support teachers - school learners should
understand the need of the teacher that
will capacitate them in order to become
effective teachers.
2. Managing the curriculum in ways that
promote students learning - learners have
different styles hence curriculum shall be
careful managed accordingly by planning for
appropriate strategies and curriculum
delivery that will suit the learning style of
students.
3. Developing the ability to transform school
into more effective organization to foster
powerful teaching and learning for all
students - transformational leadership is
one of the leadership theories that requires
leader to have passion and energy to
achieve great things
Jackson(cited in ASCD, 2015) teacher leader
transcends formally defined the role in building
which means that every teacher any teacher at
some point their career become a teacher
leader.
 Grade level/Subject Coordinator - this may
include instructional leadership and
administrative function
 Department chair/Coordinator- serves as
liaison officer between administration and
colleagues
 Curriculum and assessment specialist -
leads teacher to follow curriculum
standards and develop appropriate
assessment.
 Instructional Leadership - the primary role
of a school principle is to promote learning
and make students successful in their
academic endeavor.
 Transformational Leadership - according to
bass and riggio 2009 this leadership theory
 was conceptualize by James macgregor
burn in 1978. It is a type of leader who
inspire their followers to achieve
extraordinary outcomes by inspiring them
and in the process develop their own
capacity.
 Distributed leadership - consider as a
shared effort by more than one person it
serves interest of systematic thrivability.
The school as an educational organization (DECS
order No. 12, series of 1991)
 Administrator/Principal- each group need
leader that will guide faculty members and
support staff in fulfilling schools mandate.
 Teaching personnel/faculty members --
they are the licensed teacher in different
subject areas in different grade levels.
 Academic Non-teaching Personnel-
assigned to support to help maintain a
positive learning environment and to keep
the school clean and safe from harm.
 Students - primary stakeholders that
benefits from school
 Community - it is the location with the
school is situated.
Reform in the DepEd of education - The
trifocalization of the Philippines education
system took place in the early nineties.
 RA 7722 and RA 7784- The commission on
higher education and technical education
and skills development authority were
created. CHED TECH-VOC
 RA 9155(2001) - GOVERNMENT OF BASIC
EDUCATION ACT was passed transforming
the name of DECS to the development of
education
 RA no. 10533 (2012)-enhanced basic
education act was passed institutionalizing
the k12 curriculum which added
kindergarten and two more years of senior
high school in basic education.
 RA 8672- Barangay level total protection of
child act of 199
 RA 8980- Early childhood care and
development council (ECCD) act 2001).
 RA no. 10517(2011)- kindergarten
educational act.
 RA 10517- mother tongue based
Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) was
made as medium of instruction for teaching
and learning in the kindergarten level by
DEPED ORDER NO. 32 SERIES OF 2012.
The Enhanced Basic education - Senate
economic planning office (SECO 2011) . The
Philippines together with Djibouti and Angola of
Africa are the only three remaining countries in
the world that retains 10 years basic education
system
Institutionalization of Kindergarten-General
kindergarten program refers to the 10 months
program provide to children who are at least
five years old
Mother tongue-based Multilingual Education -
Consistent with the policy of the state to make
education learner oriented and responsive to
the needs.
Contextualization Curriculum - terms of
curriculum deped has restructured the content
of the old basic education curry to make it more
relevant to learners
Senior High school - additional 2 years of senior
high school is one of the most relevant reform
that may be considered.
Organizational Structures of the department of
education - restructured in 2002 through the
passage of RA 9155 DECS was renamed to
DepEd and shifted the focus of its mandate to
basic education.
Pedagogical Competencies of Teachers- study
of teaching methods including the aims of
education in the ways in which goals may be
achieved.
ACTICLE XIV of the 1987 Philippines
Constitution - they will be vigilant enough in
integrating very fundamental legal basis
 Purpose - teachers are responsible for
delivering lessons that are planned,
organized and implemented.
 Content - description will be covered
evident in a reference book or school
documents.
 Unravel- latent learning skills of the
learners in order to provide the learners
with novel concept
 Sharpen- the mind of the students is
seemingly difficult if the content is
bordering on the practice of the past.
 Enhance - learners desire to explore by
themselves thereby allowing them to
experience on a first hand basis.
 Steers- the students make significant
contribution to the daily lesson.
Community Skills- communicative competence
of the teacher both in writing and speaking.
Professional Development - improve the
teaching learning process for the sake of the
students.
1. The Demands of the Local and Global
Standards- this age of information and
innovation is saturated with knowledge
technologies and scientific advances.
2. The Overwhelming Trends in Science and
Technology - There is no stopping for the fast
paced technology our world is exposed.
3. The interest of the Stakeholders - aware
fortunate that continuing professional
development is promoted and supported by the
government. CPD
 The Light - The teacher should provide the
driving force to look into the DARK SPOTS in
the community
 The impetus- There is a need for every
teacher to be the impetus- or the prime
mover to take the initiative
 The news- The PTA is a fertile ground for
the school and parents communication.
 The key- if the school wants to prevent any
adversarial relationship with the community
then it must develop the potential of its
faculty
1. Culture unique human effort - as different
from nature and biology example is culture
is the bulwark against the ravages of nature
2. Culture refinement mannerism- as
different from things that are crude vulgar
and unrefined example is look at the way in
which he chows down his food.
3. Culture shared language beliefs values- a
different from language beliefs and values
that are not shared language and we share
the same tradition
4. Culture dominant or hegemonic culture- as
different from marginal culture example is it
is the culture of ruling class that determines
what is moral and what is deviant.
5. Culture the shifting tensions between the
shared and the unshared- as different from
shared or unshared things example is
American culture has change from
master/slave to white only/black only to
antiwar and black power.
 Culture is learned- from various people you
have encountered and interacted with
through forms of socialization with parent’s
and family members.
 Culture is shared- Cultural patterns are
shared
 Cultural Involves Large Group of People-
interaction with a larger group of people
makes it more associated with culture.
 Cultural is Dynamic and Heterogeneous-
it's dynamism and may vary across time and
place as Human adapt to the physical and
social environment around them.
 Culture Affects Behavior- which a person
has grown will dictate how a person looking
and behave.
 Culture Involves Feelings- it deals with how
a person feels or what he or she senses in a
certain situation or scenario.
 Culture Involves belief values norms and
social practices- the basis of a person on
what to believe in or her belief how a
person views the right from the wrong.
 Values- to make judgments about the
world's
 Beliefs- shared ideas held collectively by
people
 Knowledge- awareness and understanding
that helps us navigate our world
 Norms- set established rules of behavior or
conduct a cultures expectations
 Language- ability to communicate in
symbols in an abstract system
 Symbols- Gestures words sounds
 Behavior- action associated with group that
help reproduce a distinct way of life
 Culture objects- a basic elements of
materials culture these are physical items
that are created with people who share a
culture.
 Culture defines situation - culture
somehow decides what should be done and
thought by an individual
 Culture defines attitudes values and goods-
culture serves as the basis of persons
thinking behavior and even views and many
aspect of life
 Culture is the treasury of knowledge-man's
physical and equal existence relies in
knowledge of which culture plays a vital
role.
 Culture decides our career-culture
somehow sit the mind of a person and what
he or she may become and what he or she
wanted to be.
 Culture provides behavior pattern- a
person is trapped in case or her culture
when he or she allows it to contain himself
or herself within the limitation or boundary
of suggested outcomes.
Cultural Transmission and education - defined
simply as the process of passing on from
generation to another the knowledge necessary
to maintain cultural identity.
According to Kim and Abreu 2001) enculturation
and acculturation construct and encompasses
four dimensions: BEHAVIOR VALUES
KNOWLEDGE IDENTITY
FILIPINO
Panahon ng Kastila- Layunin na ipalaganap ang
kristiyanismo
GOD, GOLD, GLORY- layunin ng mga kastila
ang patula na ginawang laro ang bugtong ay
ginawang pampatalas ng isipan
Berlaan at Josephat- pinagmulan ng nobela
Ang Panitikan ng Pananampalataya at
Kabutihang- Asal- Pili lamang ang nakasulat
Moro-Moro- isang dula na pumapaksa ng
tagumpay ng mga kastila laban sa mga muslim
Carillo- Dulang puppet na yari sa karton
Doctrina Christian (1553)- pinakaunang aklat sa
pilipinas
Ang Mahal na Pasyon ni Hesukristo Panginoon
Natin- Isinulat ni Gaspar Aquino de Belen
Urbana at Feliza- panatikan tungol sa
kabutihang asal
 Dalit- iba’t ibang ssanto’t santa ang
pinagdadalitaan. Kaugalian na sa mga
lalawigan ng Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Rizal,
Laguna, Cavite, Quezon, Marinduque at
Mindoro. Ginagawa ito tuwing mayo.
 Komedya- Pukawin ang kawilihan ng
manonood
 Melodrama- ginagamit sa dulang musical
kasama ng opera
 Trahedya- tunggaliang nagwawakas sa
pagkasawi ng angunahing tauhan
 Parsa- Magpasaya sa pamamagitan ng mga
kawing-kawing na mga pangyayaring
nakakatawa
 Saynete- paksa ng ganitong dula ay mga
karaniwang pang-uugali ng tao o pook
 Karagatan- batay sa alamat ng singsing ng
prinsesa na naihulog niysa sa dagat sa
hangarin nitong mapangasawa ang
kasintahang mahirap
 Duplo- Humalili sa karagatab itoý
paligsahan ng husay sa pagbigkas at
angangatwiran nang patul.
 Balagtasan- pumalit sa dduplo at itoý sa
karangalan ng siense ng panginay na si
Francisco “balagtasan”Baltazar
 Tibag-Dala ito satin ng kastila( St. Elena)
 Lagaylay- Pilarenos ng Sorsogon, isang
pagkakataon at pag iipun-ipon kung buwan
ng mayo
 Sinakulo- PASYON
 Panunuluyan- pagtatanghal bago mag alas
dose ng gabi ng kapaskuhan
 Panubong- parangal sa may kaarawan o
kapistahan
 Karilyo- isang laro ng mga tau-tauhang
ginagmpanan ng mga aninong ginawa mula
sa karton
 Kurido- kasalukuyang balita (current events)
sa mga mahikano
 Sarsuela- melodrama o dulang musical ma
tatluhing yugto.
Kasapi ng Propaganda (kilusan sa Barcelona
Espanya 1872-1892)
 Jose Rizal
 Graciano Lopez Jaena
 Marcelo h. del Pilar
Sinimulan sa tatlong pari na sila Marian Gomez,
Jose Burgos at Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA)
La Solidaridad- pahayagan ng mga propagadista
na unang inithala sa Barcelona, Espanya noong
Pebrero 15, 1895
 Antonio Luna- Kapatid ng dakilang
pintor na si Juan Luna o mas kilalang
heneral ng hukbo
 Pedro Patemo- isang iskolar,
mananliksik, dramaturgo, at nobelista .
Isinulat niya ang “ninay” “A Mi Madre”
 Pascual Poblete- isang pangunahin at
napakasipag na peryodista, makata.
Itinatag niya ang “El Resumen”El Grito
del Pueblo. Itinuturing na ama ng
pahayagan
 Jose Maria Panganiban- sa ilalim ng
sagisag na homapa ay nagging tagapag-
ambag ng mga sanaysay at lathalain sa
pahayan ng mga propagandista.
 Pedro Serrano Laktaw- pinahunahan
niya ang pagbubuo ng masonaryo sa
pilipinas.
 Isabelo Delos Reyes- isang peryodista
obrero, politico, at kinkilalang ama ng
unyonismo sa Filipinas. Itinuturing Ama
ng Sosyalismong Filipino.