GENERAL BIOLOGY

QUARTER 4 – WEEK 2
A1.

FALSE 1. Calcium is an important vitamin for building bones and teeth as well
as for normal muscle functions, and blood clotting.
TRUE 2. The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water and
mineral salts from the undigested food materials.
TRUE 3. Self-feeders are organisms that obtain energy from sunlight and
chemicals to produce their own food
FALSE 4. Plants may not acquire nutrients from other organisms through
parasitism or predation.
TRUE 5. Plants, just like animals and humans need a steady supply of nutrients
for survival.

A2.

C 1. The undigested food is removed from the digestive tract.

A. Absorption C. Elimination
B. Digestion D. Ingestion

C. 2. It is the process that converts food substances into living matter.

A. Diet C. Metabolism
B. Vitamins D. Nutrition

B 3. Which of the following is the function of large intestine?

A. It participates in cellulose digestion by microbes that exist in the
caecum of herbivores.
B. Its cells absorb salts and water that remain in chyme left after it
leaves the small intestine.
C. It stores and concentrates fecal material.
D. All of the above.

C 4. Aphids and leeches are an example of this type of feeding mechanism.

A. Bulk-feeders C. Fluid-feeders
B. Filter-feeders D. Substrate-feeders

B 5. It is also used to insulate nervous tissues and serves as an energy

source.
A. Carbohydrates C. Minerals
B. Fats D. Proteins
B. Task: Write a reflective journal about our 3rd quarter lessons

The first lesson was about genetic engineering, which was a continuation
of the lesson from the second quarter. The lesson focused on the types of
genetic engineering: classical breeding, DNA recombination, and recombinant
DNA. I think that the lessons that were taught to us have shaped us into the
people that we are in the present. The processes used in recombinant DNA
technology include transformation using a vector, vector-less gene transfer, and
transduction. Genetic engineering is a fascinating and rapidly evolving field that
involves manipulating an organism's genetic material to alter its characteristics.
There are many applications of genetic engineering, such as creating disease-
resistant crops, developing new vaccines and medicines, and improving
livestock breeding.

The rest of the third quarter continued with the lesson about relative and
absolute dating, geologic time scales, and mechanisms of evolution. These
lessons were also taught when I was in junior high school, and it helped me
have a background on the lessons that were taught this quarter. I learned that
relative dating is the process of determining whether an object or event is older
or younger than any other object or event, while absolute dating measures the
age of an object in years using a radioactive isotope. This topic includes the
different methods of absolute dating. Based on what I have learned, these
lessons have shaped us into what we are in this modern day and world. Because
of this, we get to understand the past and where we came from. With that, the
next lesson about the geologic time scale was taught to us. It is a representation
of the life forms that have lived and dominated the Earth on a specific time
scale. The list goes on with the plants and animals that are extinct and have
lived at a specific time. The last lesson that was taught was about evolution and
the people involved in human evolution. As humans, we evolve, and I think that
a lot of people have really contributed with the knowledge we have about our
history and origin as living organisms on Earth.

As we finished our topic, I thought that maybe, as humans, we really have

more things to conquer and to know about ourselves and the place we live on,
Earth. It is amazing how humans can comprehend the life we have in the
present and how we have evolved. In my view, these lessons can surely make us
more curious and knowledgeable about the life of humans on Earth and how we
can continue living from generation to generation with the help of science.