Gtx327 M Guide

GTX 327 ATC
TRANSPONDER
MAINTENANCE
MANUAL
GARMIN International, Inc.

1200 E. 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062 USA
190-00187-05 Revision B
December 2001
© Copyright 2000-2001
GARMIN Corporation
All Rights Reserved
Except as expressly provided below, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted,
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written consent of GARMIN Corporation. GARMIN Corporation hereby grants permission to download a
single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage
medium to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such
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and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is
strictly prohibited.
GARMIN International, Inc.
st
1200 E. 151 Street
Olathe, KS 66062 USA
Telephone: 913-397-8200
Dealer Line: 1-800-800-1420
Website Address: www.garmin.com
INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS
This document may contain information which is subject to the Export Administration
Regulations ("EAR") issued by the United States Department of Commerce (15 CFR, Chapter
VII, Subchapter C) and which may not be exported, released, or disclosed to foreign nationals
inside or outside of the United States without first obtaining an export license. A violation of the
EAR may be subject to a penalty of up to 10 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $1,000,000
under Section 2410 of the Export Administration Act of 1979. Include this notice with any
reproduced portion of this document.
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision Revision Description ECO #

Date
A 11/17/00 Initial Release ----
B 12/3/01 Added MTL level 16794
Page A GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev. B 190-00187-05
GENERAL MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS
The following are general safety precautions that are not related to any specific procedure and therefore do not
appear elsewhere in this maintenance manual. These are recommended precautions that personnel should
understand and apply during the many phases of maintenance and repair.
KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS. Maintenance personnel shall observe all safety regulations at all
times. Do not replace components inside the equipment when potentially lethal voltages are present. Turn off
system power before making or breaking electrical connections. Regard any exposed connector, terminal
board, or circuit board as a possible shock hazard. Components that retain a charge shall be discharged only
when such grounding does not result in equipment damage. If a test connection to energized equipment is
required, make the test equipment ground connection before probing the voltage or signal to be tested.
DO NOT SERVICE ALONE. Personnel shall not under any circumstances reach into or enter any enclosure
for the purpose of servicing or adjusting the equipment without immediate presence or assistance of another
person capable of rendering aid.
NOTE
Specialized test equipment and extensive depot level repair training are required for testing the equipment
covered in this manual. Therefore, this manual may not be used to test or repair the subject equipment unless
the using facility has been specifically authorized by GARMIN to do so.
GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page i

190-00187-05 Rev. B
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PARAGRAPH PAGE
1.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 1-1

1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................. 1-1
1.3 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT.......................................................................................... 1-2
1.3.1 ATCRBS System Operation ..................................................................................... 1-2
1.3.2 Interrogator............................................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.3 Transponder ............................................................................................................. 1-3
1.3.4 Radar Screen, TCAS Display ................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.5 Mutual Suppression Pulses ...................................................................................... 1-4
1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................... 1-4
1.5 SCOPE OF MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................... 1-5
1.6 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION......................................................................................... 1-5
1.6.1 Main Board Assembly............................................................................................... 1-6
1.6.2 Front Panel............................................................................................................... 1-6
1.6.3 Transmitter ............................................................................................................... 1-6
1.6.4 Receiver ................................................................................................................... 1-6
1.6.5 Diplexer Coax Cable................................................................................................. 1-7
1.6.6 Flexible Circuit Cables .............................................................................................. 1-7
SECTION 2
SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT
2.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT .................................................................. 2-1
2.2.1 Antenna Test Cable Connector................................................................................. 2-1
2.2.2 Test Harness ............................................................................................................ 2-2
2.2.3 Transponder Bench Test .......................................................................................... 2-2
Page ii GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev. B 190-00187-05
SECTION 3
TROUBLESHOOTING
3.1 TROUBLESHOOTING EQUIPMENT ............................................................................. 3-1

3.2 TROUBLESHOOTING THE GTX 327 ............................................................................ 3-1
3.3 INITIAL INSPECTION OF UNIT ..................................................................................... 3-2
3.4 FUNCTIONAL TEST, STANDARD TEST SETUP AND TEST SIGNAL.......................... 3-2
3.5 POWER ON CHECK...................................................................................................... 3-2
3.6 MAIN BOARD ASSEMBLY............................................................................................. 3-3
3.7 DISPLAY ASSEMBLY .................................................................................................... 3-3
3.8 RECEIVER AND TRANSMITTER ASSEMBLIES ........................................................... 3-5
SECTION 4
DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY
4.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 4-1

4.2 REQUIRED TOOLS ....................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3 DISASSEMBLING THE UNIT......................................................................................... 4-1
4.3.1 Removing the Bottom Cover..................................................................................... 4-2
4.3.3 Front Panel Assembly............................................................................................... 4-2
4.3.4 Display Assembly ..................................................................................................... 4-3
4.3.5 Receiver Module Assembly ...................................................................................... 4-3
4.3.6 Transmitter Board..................................................................................................... 4-3
4.3.7 Main Board ............................................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.8 Coaxial Cable Diplexer Assy..................................................................................... 4-4
4.4 REASSEMBLY ............................................................................................................... 4-5
4.4.1 Coaxial Cable Diplexer Assy..................................................................................... 4-5
4.4.2 Main Board ............................................................................................................... 4-5
4.4.3 Transmitter Board..................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.4 Receiver Module Assembly ...................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.5 Display Assembly ..................................................................................................... 4-7
4.4.6 Front Panel Assembly............................................................................................... 4-7
4.4.8 Installing Bottom Cover............................................................................................. 4-8
GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page iii

190-00187-05 Rev. B
SECTION 5
TESTING
5.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 5-1

5.2 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.3 ADJUSTMENT/MEASUREMENT ACCURACY .............................................................. 5-1
5.4 TEST EQUIPMENT PRECAUTION................................................................................ 5-2
5.5 REQUIRED TEST EQUIPMENT .................................................................................... 5-2
5.5.1 TEST HARNESS ...................................................................................................... 5-2
5.6 BENCH TESTING .......................................................................................................... 5-2
5.7 TEST EQUIPMENT SETUP ........................................................................................... 5-2
5.7.1 ATC-1400A and Oscilloscope Default Settings......................................................... 5-4
5.8 STANDARD TEST SIGNALS ......................................................................................... 5-4
5.8.1 Input Voltages .......................................................................................................... 5-4
5.8.2 RF I/O....................................................................................................................... 5-4
5.9 POWER ON CHECK...................................................................................................... 5-4
5.9.1 28 V Panel Lighting .................................................................................................. 5-5
5.9.2 14 V Panel Lighting .................................................................................................. 5-5
5.9.3 5 V Panel Lighting .................................................................................................... 5-5
5.9.4 Power On Test ......................................................................................................... 5-5
5.9.5 Display Dimming Test............................................................................................... 5-6
5.10 SWITCHED POWER OUTPUT...................................................................................... 5-6
5.11 FRONT PANEL PUSHBUTTON CONTROLS ................................................................ 5-6
5.11.1 Timer Function Test.................................................................................................. 5-7
5.11.2 Code Selector Pushbutton Switches......................................................................... 5-7
5.11.3 Configuration Pages ................................................................................................. 5-7
5.12 FUNCTIONAL TEST ...................................................................................................... 5-7
5.12.1 Receiver Test, Minimum Trigger Level and Dynamic Range .................................... 5-8
5.12.2 Transmitter Power Output and Reply Annunciator Test ............................................ 5-8
5.12.3 Transmitter Characteristics....................................................................................... 5-8
5.12.4 Reply Rate Limiting Test......................................................................................... 5-10
5.12.5 Side Lobe Suppression........................................................................................... 5-10
5.12.6 IDENT Test............................................................................................................. 5-11
Page iv GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev. B 190-00187-05
SECTION 6
REPLACEABLE ASSEMBLIES
6.1 LIST OF REPLACEABLE PARTS .................................................................................. 6-1
SECTION 7
ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
7.1 ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS ............................................................................................... 7-1
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1-1 ATCRBS System .......................................................................................................... 1-2

1-2 Typical TCAS Encounter............................................................................................... 1-3
1-3 GTX 327 System Block Diagram .................................................................................. 1-5
2-1 Blindmate Antenna Connector ...................................................................................... 2-1
2-2 DB-25 Pin-Out Definitions ............................................................................................. 2-3
2-3 GTX 327 Test Setup/Test Harness ............................................................................... 2-5
3-1 4 kHz PWM Signal on Q501 ......................................................................................... 3-4
3-2 Main Board Component Layout..................................................................................... 3-8
3-3 Transmitter Board Component Layout .......................................................................... 3-9
3-4 Receiver Board Component Layout ............................................................................ 3-10
4-1 Diplexer Cable Orientation ............................................................................................ 4-5
5-1 ATC-1400A Test Set..................................................................................................... 5-3
5-2 Transmitter Shield Cover Alignment Cutouts .............................................................. 5-10
7-1 GTX 327 Front Panel Assembly.................................................................................... 7-1
7-2 GTX 327 Chassis Assembly, Exploded View ................................................................ 7-3
7-3 GTX 327 Chassis Assembly, Main Board and Transmitter Board ................................. 7-5
GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page v

190-00187-05 Rev. B
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Page vi GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev. B 190-00187-05
SECTION 1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This manual provides functional testing and assembly level maintenance information for the GARMIN GTX 327
Digital Display Transponder System. Information pertaining to the installation and operating instructions can be
found in the GTX 327 Installation Manual, 190-00187-02. This manual is designed to aid the bench technician in
isolating failures to the assembly level only. If necessary, the GTX 327 can be returned to GARMIN for all
service work, including maintenance and repair. Contact GARMIN at the following address for more details:
GARMIN
1200 E. 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062
Telephone: 913-397-8200
Dealer Line: 1-800-800-1420
Website Address: www.garmin.com
1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The GARMIN GTX 327 is a panel-mounted TSO’d transponder with the addition of timing functions. The
transponder is a radio transmitter and receiver that operates on radar frequencies, receiving ground radar
interrogations at 1030 MHz and transmitting a coded response of pulses to ground-based radar on a frequency of
1090 MHz.
As with other Mode A/Mode C transponders, the GTX 327 replies with any one of 4,096 codes, which differ in
the position and number of pulses transmitted. By replying to ground transmissions, the GTX 327 enables ATC
to display aircraft position, identification, encoded altitude and groundspeed on ATC radar screens. The
GTX 327 is equipped with IDENT capability (IDENT key) that activates the Special Position Identification (SPI)
pulse for 18 seconds.
The GTX 327 is configured with all pushbutton key controls. The layout of the front panel keys and displays
segregates the transponder’s primary functions from the secondary timing functions. The unit can be configured
so the aircraft avionics master bus can turn the unit on.
GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 1-1

190-00187-05 Rev. B
1.3 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT
The GARMIN GTX 327 Transponder System provides an air to ground link in the Air Traffic Control Radar
Beacon System (ATCRBS) to support in-flight aircraft identification. It also provides air to air link participation
in the airborne Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) for aircraft equipped with Traffic
Avoidance equipment.
A pulsed interrogation from the ground-based secondary radar or airborne TCAS generates a pulsed reply from
the GTX 327. These pulses are processed and displayed on an ATC radar screen on the ground or traffic display
in other aircraft. Normal radar returns from the primary radar system would vary in intensity depending on
aircraft size, distance away and other factors. The Transponder System equalizes returns by providing similar
digital data for all aircraft.
Selected codes enable the GTX 327 to reply with identification information useful to ATC. Special codes may
be selected to indicate conditions such as emergency or VFR traffic.
In addition to Mode A operation for identification, Mode C is available for altitude information when an altitude
encoder is connected to the GTX 327 and altitude replies are selected.
1.3.1 ATCRBS System Operation
There are two classes of radar systems used by ATC, primary and secondary. Primary class includes surveillance
or search radar. The secondary class is comprised of special purpose radar including ATC interrogators and
transponders. Secondary radar is able to obtain data that cannot be determined by primary radar alone. The
secondary radar is officially referred to as the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System or ATCRBS. The
essential elements of the ATCRBS are show in figure 1-1.
INTERROGATION ANTENNA
SECONDARY RADAR
INTERROGATION 1030 MHZ
REPLY 1090 MHZ
REPLIES
PRIMARY RADAR
ANTENNA
Figure 1-1. ATCRBS System
1-2 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev B 190-00187-05
1.3.2 Interrogator
The ATC ground based interrogator rotates synchronously with the primary surveillance radar and transmits a
sequence of pulses at a frequency of 1030 MHz. The interrogation repeatedly requests all transponders on the
mode being used to reply. The received replies are available for display on the ATC radar screen.
There are five types of interrogation modes, A, B, C, D and S which may be transmitted by the ground station.
Each interrogation mode is distinct from the other and is characterized by the spacing of the transmitted framing
pulses. The GARMIN GTX 327 is designed for Mode A and Mode C operation.
Similar to the ground based interrogator, an airborne TCAS processor transmits interrogation signals searching
for airborne traffic in relatively close proximity. TCAS is capable of detecting the direction and altitude of an
aircraft equipped with a transponder such as the GARMIN GTX 327. Typical TCAS equipment is shown in
figure 1-2.
INTERROGATION AND REPLY

SIGNALS
TCAS EQUIPPED AIRCRAFT
TCAS DISPLAY
Figure 1-2. Typical TCAS Encounter
1.3.3 Transponder
When the interrogation signal is detected by the GTX 327, an appropriate response is generated. This response is
transmitted omnidirectionally by the GTX 327 at a frequency of 1090 MHz. When multiple replies return to the
interrogating system, appropriate equipment processes the identification, altitude, distance and azimuth data to
compute location, speed and direction information for appropriate use.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
1.3.4 Radar Screen, TCAS Display
The radar screen displays returns from both the primary surveillance radar system and the ATCRBS. The ATC
system controllers use these returns, called targets, to identify traffic. Similarly, the TCAS display indicates the
presence of airborne traffic showing direction, distance and altitude.
1.3.5 Mutual Suppression Pulses
Other equipment on board the aircraft may transmit in the same frequency band as the transponder, such as DME
or another transponder. Mutual suppression is a synchronous pulse that is sent to the other equipment to suppress
transmission of a competing transmitter for the duration of the pulse train transmission. The transponder
transmission may be suppressed by an external source and other equipment on board may be suppressed by the
transponder. This feature is designed to limit mutual interference.
1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Refer to the GTX 327 Installation Manual for a complete list of specifications.
SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTIC
TSO, JTSO TSO C74c Class 1A, JTSO-C74c Class 1A
RTCA/DO-160D Refer to GTX 327 Installation and Operation Manual,
190-00187-02, Appendix A
Power Requirements 11.0 to 33.0 Vdc; Power Input: 15 Watts typical, 22 Watts
maximum
Transmitter Frequency 1090 MHz
Transmitter Power 125 Watts minimum, 150 Watts nominal at the antenna
through 1.5 dB coax.
Receiver Frequency 1030 MHz
Receiver Sensitivity -74 dBm Nominal for 90% replies*
Mode A Capability 4096 Identification Codes
Mode C Capability 100 Foot Increments from –1000 to 63,000 feet
External Suppression Input Low ≤ 0.5 V; High ≥ 8 V
* Units P/N 011-00490-00 prior to S/N 83707331, P/N 011-00490-01 prior to S/N 83925021 and
P/N 011-00490-10 prior to S/N 84000116 have an MTL of -72 dBm.

Rev B 190-00187-05
1.5 SCOPE OF MAINTENANCE
GARMIN recommends limiting field maintenance to the following:
• Functional inspection to meet current FAR requirements

• Functional testing to the board level
• Replacement of major subassemblies
• Replacement of Flexible Circuit Cables
1.6 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
The GTX 327 consists of four major electrical assemblies:
• Main Board Assembly

• Receiver Board
• Transmitter Board
• Front Panel Subassembly
Refer to figure 1-3 for a simplified system block diagram. The subassemblies are not field repairable. For a
complete list of all GARMIN authorized replaceable parts, see Table 6-1, Field Replaceable Parts List.
RECEIVER
LCD DISPLAY
DIPLEXER MAIN BOARD AND
KEYBOARD
TRANSMITTER
MODULATOR
Figure 1-3. GTX 327 Simplified System Block Diagram

190-00187-05 Rev. B
1.6.1 Main Board Assembly
The Main Board Assembly is the functional center of the unit. The Main Board communicates with all the
components of the unit, and provides information to and from the Front Panel for the interface with the pilot.
The Main Board contains the following circuits:
• Power Supply
• Programmable Logic Device, EE PROM, microprocessor with flash and SRAM memory.
• Decoder/Encoder
• Light Dimming Circuit
• Switched Power Output
• I/O Filters
• RS-232 Circuitry
1.6.2 Front Panel
The Front Panel Subassembly provides the pilot/transponder interface. The Front Panel displays the timing and
transponder functions and enters the selected code, SPI and timing commands. The Front Panel contains the
following circuits:
• LCD Display with LED backlighting

• Mode Selection Keys
• Pushbutton Data Entry Keys
• Ambient Light Sensor
1.6.3 Transmitter
The Transmitter transmits the coded pulses. The Transmitter contains the following circuits:
• Pulse Modulator
• Ceramic Resonator with Pulse Power Oscillator
• Power Amplifier
• Low Pass Filter
1.6.4 Receiver
The Receiver receives the interrogation signals. The Receiver contains the following circuits:
• 970 MHz Local Oscillator

• 1030 MHz Bandpass filter
• 60 MHz I.F.
• Mixer
• Detector
• Receiver Voltage Regulator
• Log Amplifier, Video Amplifier
• Rate Limiter
• Pulse Processing circuits
Rev B 190-00187-05
1.6.5 Diplexer Coax Cable
The GTX 327 Receiver and Transmitter are connected to a common BNC connector at the rear of the unit
through subminiature coax cables and RF connectors.
Cable length and placement of this cable is critical to proper operation. The cable assy is used as a diplexer,
allowing both the transmitter and receiver to use the same BNC antenna connector. The transmitter and receiver
operate 60 MHz apart (TX at 1090 MHz and RCV at 1030 MHz). At 1090 MHz the coax cable going to the
receiver appears as an open circuit while at 1030 MHz, the coax cable going to the transmitter appears as an open
circuit.
The routing of the coax cables inside the unit is critical as well.
Note how the cables are routed before removing. Make sure the cables are replaced in the same location as
originally installed.
1.6.6 Flexible Circuit Cables
The major subassemblies are interconnected by means of ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) flexible circuit cables and
one ribbon cable. These cables are readily available for replacement in case of damage.

190-00187-05 Rev. B

Rev B 190-00187-05
SECTION 2
SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This section identifies the special test equipment essential to maintain the GTX 327. Standard equipment is not
listed. For any questions regarding warranty repair of the unit contact the GARMIN Customer Service
Department at the address or phone number listed in Section 1.
2.2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT
• ATC-1400A Transponder Test Set or equivalent

• Power Supply
• Oscilloscope
• Digital Voltmeter
• 50 8 Antenna Test Cable Connector—Locally Fabricated
• Test Harness—Locally Fabricated (See figure 2-3)
• Coaxial Adapter: Female BNC to male type N
2.2.1 Antenna Test Cable Connector
The antenna test cable requires a BNC connector at the test fixture antenna and a male BNC “Blindmate”
connector (GARMIN P/N 330-00198-00) or RF Adapter (P/N 330-00326-00) at the GTX 327 Transponder.
Instructions for installing the Blindmate BNC are shown in steps 1 through 7 and illustrated in Figure 2-1.
Follow BNC connector manufacturer instructions for assembly of the BNC connector. The RF attenuation at
1090 MHz of the cable must not exceed 1.50 dB.
Figure 2-1. Blindmate Antenna Connector

190-00187-05 Rev B
1. Trim coax outer insulation back 0.50”.
2. Trim braid (not center conductor or insulation) back 0.25”.
3. Strip Insulation back 0.12”.
NOTE
Place the ferrule over the coax braid, flush against the coax outer insulation
before performing the next step if the outside diameter of the coax braid is
smaller than the inside diameter of the center connector sidewall opening.
4. Insert cable (center conductor, dielectric and shield braid) through the sidewall of the connector
and solder the center conductor to the center pin of the connector.
NOTE
When using low loss cable it may be necessary to flatten the solid wire center
conductor slightly so it can fit the slot on the RF connector center pin. When
soldering, avoid applying excess heat to the connector body, and center
conductor insulator.
5. Heat the outside of the connector sleeve and at the same time apply solder between the braid and
the sleeve. Continue to apply heat until the solder flows evenly.
6. Install 50 8 Matching Bushing.
7. Insert connector cap and tack solder in two places.
2.2.2 Test Harness
A test harness must be fabricated locally to connect the GTX 327 to the ATC-1400A Transponder Test Set. All
electrical connections, except for the antenna, are made through a single, 25 pin D connector. Figure 2-2 defines
the electrical characteristics of all input and output signals and identifies the cable requirements for each signal.
Connector orientation in the figure is viewed from the rear of the unit. Refer to Figure 2-3 when fabricating the
test harness.
2.2.3 Transponder Bench Test
The Transponder Bench Test verifies the GTX 327 basic operation:
• Reply codes for modes A and C

• Transmitter Frequency and Power
• Minimum Trigger Level (MTL)
• Side Lobe Suppression
• Receiver Dynamic Range
• Backlighting
• Switched Power Output
• Remote Inputs (As listed in the test harness diagram)

Rev B 190-00187-05
Unit Connector As Viewed From Rear Of Unit.
PIN DESCRIPTION I/O

1 AVIONICS MASTER ON In
2 RS232 IN 2 In
3 ALTITUDE A1 In
4 ALTITUDE C2 In
5 ALTITUDE A2 In
6 ALTITUDE A4 In
7 ALTITUDE C4 In
8 EXTERNAL IDENT INPUT In
9 ALTITUDE B1 In
10 ALTITUDE C1 In
11 ALTITUDE B2 In
12 ALTITUDE B4 In
13 POWER GROUND In
14 SWITCHED POWER OUTPUT Out
15 POWER INPUT (+11 TO +33 VDC) In
16 EXTERNAL STANDBY In
17 EXTERNAL SUPPRESSION In/Out
18 ALTITUDE D4 In
19 RS232 IN 1 In
20 RS232 OUT 1 Out
21 RESERVED --
22 SQUAT SWITCH In
23 28 VDC PANEL LIGHTING INPUT In
24 14 VDC/5 VDC PANEL LIGHTING INPUT In
25 POWER GROUND In
Figure 2-2. DB-25 Pin-Out Definitions

190-00187-05 Rev B

Rev B 190-00187-05
Figure 2-3. GTX 327 Test Setup/Test Harness
GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 2-5 (Page 2-6 Blank)

190-00187-05 Rev B
SECTION 3
TROUBLESHOOTING
The GTX 327 Transponder contains static sensitive components. Observe

proper anti-static procedures when testing the unit.
WARNING
Hazardous voltages exist on the main board and transmitter board. Under
normal operating conditions the voltages range up to 60 Vdc. Exercise
extreme caution during unit testing. Death or serious injury could result from
electrical shock.
CAUTION
If a spare assembly is available for swap testing, first verify that the unit under
test does not have a faulty condition that would damage the spare assembly.
3.1 TROUBLESHOOTING EQUIPMENT
See Sections 2 and 5 for equipment used in troubleshooting.
3.2 TROUBLESHOOTING THE GTX 327
To effectively troubleshoot a suspected faulty unit, use the information in this section as an aid in troubleshooting
the GTX 327 Transponder to the replaceable assembly level. Proceed with troubleshooting using the following
procedures, circuit board diagrams found at the end of this section and Table 3-3, Testing Failures and
Recommended Actions.
In general, entry into the troubleshooting section occurs after a failure in the testing section. After the faulty
module is isolated and repair is made, the unit should be retested using the functional test procedure in Section 5,
TESTING of this manual to ensure that the repaired area is operating correctly and that other areas have not been
damaged during the repair procedure.
If the unit failed to pass a functional test in an aircraft but passed the bench testing procedure, the fault is
considered to be in the aircraft. Test and troubleshoot the aircraft wiring harness, antenna and antenna cable.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
3.3 INITIAL INSPECTION OF UNIT
If the initial bench test indicates a problem with the transponder, first remove DC power from the unit and open it
to visually inspect for damaged or loose components or evidence of heat stressed components. Visually check
each of the flex cables to verify that they are undamaged and fully seated into their connectors.
Always remove DC power to the unit before attempting to reseat any of the flex cables.
Refer to figures 7-2 and 7-3 for connector location and figures 3-2 through 3-4 for component location.
3.4 FUNCTIONAL TEST, STANDARD TEST SETUP AND TEST SIGNAL
Refer to Figure 5-1 and verify that each switch on ATC-1400A is correctly set. Unless otherwise instructed, all
standard test conditions require the ATC-1400A to be operated in Mode A, 500 Hz PRF and with an RF output of
–50 dBm. In addition, verify that the frequency/power switch is set to F1/P1. Use the Display Select switch to
monitor “FREQ” (transmitter frequency) or “XPDR Code” (Mode A squawk information) as required. Except
when otherwise instructed, the SLS switch should be set to “OFF”.
For units installed in an aircraft, adjust the power input to the unit under test to the aircraft voltage (must be
between +11 Vdc and +33 Vdc). Apply the appropriate Light Dimming voltage as used in the aircraft
installation. Refer to Figure 2–3 for test setup.
Configure the oscilloscope to monitor both the ATC-1400A interrogation pulses (GEN) and the GTX 327
detected transmitter pulses (XMTR).
3.5 POWER ON CHECK
If the unit fails the Power On Check perform the following steps:
1. Verify that either +13.75 Vdc or +27.5 Vdc is applied to main power terminal of test harness, P3271
pin 15, and AVIONICS MASTER ON, P3271 pin 1. Verify that either P3271 pin 13 or pin 25 is
connected to ground.
2. Verify that the applied input voltage is found on both sides of internal fuse F301 (3 amp fast blow) at
the rear of the main board. If proper voltage is not measured at fuse F301, replace the fuse on the
main board in the unit. If proper voltage is measured across fuse F301, check the main board power
supply voltages.
3. Verify that Q302 Collector (pin 3) is at 0 volts.
Power supply voltages may be checked at each of the following components listed in table 3-1:
NOTE
Without the load of the transmitter and receiver boards, the voltages in table 3-1
can vary by as much as 15%.

Rev B 190-00187-05
Table 3-1. Main Board Power Supply Voltages and Tolerances
COMPONENT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE

Q309 Collector +54.0 Vdc ±2.0 Vdc
Q310 Emitter -5.1 Vdc ±0.2 Vdc
D308 Cathode +14.45 Vdc ±0.75 Vdc
D310 Anode -12.0 Vdc ±0.25 Vdc
3.6 MAIN BOARD ASSEMBLY
If problems are discovered with any of the main board power supply voltages, disconnect the flex cables to the
receiver and transmitter in order to isolate the problem to the main board or one of the board assemblies.
Replace the main board assembly if any of the following conditions are true:
• While the unit is receiving valid interrogations, pulses appear at receiver TP2 and main board I204
pin 64 but not at main board I204 pins 58, 59 and 60.
• Main board power supply voltages are not correct while receiver and/or transmitter is disconnected.
• There are no LCD pulses at I204 pins 67-70 when the unit is powered on.
• Valid altitude inputs are present at J3271 but there are no altitude pulses transmitted in Mode C.
3.7 DISPLAY ASSEMBLY
Perform the following key matrix test to isolate problems to either the front display assembly or main board
assembly. The key matrix test, Table 3-2, states the points to check for testing the front panel keys. The column
and row points are identified on the main board diagram, Figure 3-2.
With no front panel buttons depressed, key columns are normally pulled high to +5 volts. Key rows are low but
are sequentially strobed high by the XILINX chip at a 25 mS rate. When depressed, a key column becomes a low
signal that is pulsed high coinciding with its respective key row strobe.
1. With no buttons depressed, verify that key columns 1 through 5 are not pulled low.
2. Referring to main board assembly drawing Figure 3-2, depress each front panel button and check for
coinciding pulses at the appropriate key and row location referenced in Table 3-1.
For example, attach scope probes to both key columns 1 (R218) and key row 3 (J103 pin 18). Sync
to key row 3 and observe both channels. All key rows should have 30 µS wide, high going pulses at
a 25 mS rate. With no keys depressed, all key columns should be high. Depressing the VFR key will
drive key column 1 low except for high going pulses that coincide with the strobe of key row 3.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
Table 3-2. Key Matrix Test
ACTIVE
ROW INPUT COLUMN ASSIGNMENT
OUTPUT
KEY COL 1 KEY COL 2 KEY COL 3 KEY COL 4 KEY COL 5
(R218) (R219) (R220) (R221) (R222)
KEY ROW 1 1 2 6 START/STOP NOT USED
(J103-16)
KEY ROW 2 0 3 7 CLR NOT USED
(J103-17)
KEY ROW 3 VFR 4 \/ 8 FUNC NOT USED
(J103-18)
KEY ROW 4 IDENT 5 /\ 9 CRSR NOT USED
(J103-19)
Perform the following tests with reference to components on the main board. (Figure 3-2):
If the ON, STBY or ALT KEY fail, verify the following:
1. D507-3 and Q302-3 go LOW when the ON key is pressed.
2. D509-3 and Q302-3 go LOW when the STBY key is pressed.
3. D508-3 and Q302-3 go LOW when the ALT key is pressed.
If the OFF KEY fails, verify the following:
4. D506-3 goes LOW when the OFF key is pressed. Approximately 2 seconds later Q302-1 goes LOW.
If the DISPLAY DIMMING fails, verify the following:
5. Verify the signal on Q501-4 has a 4 kHz pulse width modulation (PWM) as shown in figure 3-1.
TRACE 1: BACKLIGHT (Q501-4)

TRACE 2: KEY BACKLIGHT COMMON (Q501-5, -6)
Figure 3-1. 4 kHz PWM Signal on Q501
6. Verify that as the display dims, the PWM duty cycle decreases.

Rev B 190-00187-05
If the KEY LED DIMMING fails, verify the following:
7. Q501-4 has a 4 kHz PWM similar to the traces shown in figure 3-1.
8. Verify that as the display dims, the PWM duty cycle decreases.
After performing the steps listed, replace the front display assembly if:
• An error is found using the matrix test in Table 3-2.
• One or more keyboard tests locates a fault that is not related to the main board assembly.
• There are other front panel display problems that are not caused by the main board assembly.
3.8 RECEIVER AND TRANSMITTER ASSEMBLIES
Apply a standard test signal to the GTX 327. With the transponder in either ON or ALT mode, verify on the
ATC-1400A that the unit is replying. If the ATC-1400A indicates that the unit is not transmitting but the
GTX 327 front panel display indicates that the unit is replying, the problem may be in either the diplexer cable or
the transmitter.
1. Using the oscilloscope, check for P1 – P3 pulses at TP-2 on the receiver board. Verify that the P1 – P3
pulses arrive at I204 pin 64 on the main board.
2. On the main board, check for modulator pulses at I204 pins 58, 59 and 60.
3. If there are pulses, lift and rotate the receiver over to access the transmitter. Referring to the P501
signal levels in Figure 3-2 verify that all power supply voltages are correct in the transmitter.
Verify that the modulation pulses just checked on the main board are also seen at TP500, TP527 and TP518 on
the transmitter. These pulses drive the modulator and enable the transmitter. If these pulses are correct at the
transmitter but there is no RF output, it indicates either a transmitter problem or a fault in the RF path between
the transmitter and the antenna connector. Also inspect the diplexer coax cables and in particular, the center pins
of each connector on the transmitter and receiver boards.
Replace the receiver assembly if, while the unit is receiving valid interrogations:
1. There are no P1 – P3 pulses at receiver TP-2.
2. Receiver voltages given in Figure 3-4 are measured and found to be incorrect.
3. Unit does not operate correctly over RF dynamic range from approximately -74 dBm to -20 dBm.*
4. Side Lobe Suppression does not function correctly over the receiver dynamic range.
* Units P/N 011-00490-00 prior to S/N 83707331, P/N 011-00490-01 prior to S/N 83925021 and
P/N 011-00490-10 prior to S/N 84000116 have an MTL of -72 dBm.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
Replace the transmitter assembly if, while the unit is receiving valid interrogations, the ATC-1400A indicates no
RF output while:
1. No problems are found with the diplexer coax cables and/or connectors.
2. Pulses are present at TP500, TP527 & TP518 on the transmitter board.
3. All transmitter, receiver and main board power supply voltages are correct.
4. No problems are found with the flex cables.
5. Front panel LCD indicates that unit is replying to interrogations.

Rev B 190-00187-05
Table 3-3. Test Failures and Recommended Actions
TEST FAILURE TEST RECOMMENDED ACTION

PARAGRAPH
Visual Inspection 3.3 Replace damaged cables, diplexer, chassis
components and board assemblies as required
Power On Check 3.5, 5.9.4 If voltage is not measured at fuse F301, replace
fuse on main board
Switched Power Output 5.10 Replace Main Board (see paragraphs 4.3.7,
4.4.2)
Panel Lighting Test 5.9.1, 5.9.2, 5.9.3 Replace Front Display Assembly (see
paragraphs 4.3.4, 4.4.5)
MAIN BOARD TESTS
Interrogation pulses at receiver TP2 3.6 Replace Main Board (see paragraphs 4.3.7,
and main board I204 pin 64 but not 4.4.2)
at main board I204 pins 58, 59, 60
With receiver, transmitter 3.6 Replace Main Board (see paragraphs 4.3.7,
disconnected, main board power 4.4.2)
supply voltages are incorrect
No LCD pulses at I204 pins 67-70 3.6 Replace Main Board (see paragraphs 4.3.7,
4.4.2)
Valid altitude inputs at J3271 but no 3.6, 5.12.1 Replace Main Board (see paragraphs 4.3.7,
altitude pulses transmitted 4.4.2)
FRONT DISPLAY TESTS
Error found in matrix test, Table 3-2 3.7 Replace Front Display Assembly (see
or steps listed in paragraph 3.7 paragraphs 4.3.4, 4.4.5)
Keyboard test locates a fault not 3.7 Replace Front Display Assembly (see
related to main board assembly paragraphs 4.3.4, 4.4.5)
RECEIVER, TRANSMITTER
Front panel display indicates reply 3.8, 5.12 Troubleshoot diplexer cable and transmitter
but unit is not transmitting Assembly per paragraph 3.8
Unit does not operate over dynamic 3.8, 5.12.1 Replace Receiver Assembly (see paragraphs
range from –74 dBm to –20 dBm 4.3.5, 4.4.2)
Receiver voltages are incorrect 3.8 Replace Receiver Assembly (see paragraphs
4.3.5, 4.4.2)
No pulses at receiver TP-2 3.8, 5.12.1 Replace Receiver Assembly (see paragraphs
4.3.5, 4.4.2)
Side Lobe Suppression not 3.8, 5.12.1 Replace Receiver Assembly (see paragraphs
functioning over dynamic range 4.3.5, 4.4.2)

190-00187-05 Rev. B
25 J-3271 14
13 1 F301
Q302
D309
I301
D306 D310
D308
J101
10 9
Q310
Q309 2 1
Q309 COLLECTOR
R222 COL. 5
75 51
76 50 R221 COL. 4
I-204 R220
R219
COL. 3
COL. 2
100 26
1 25 R213 COL. 1
J102
1 2
D507
Q501
D506
D508 1
D509
2 J103
Note: Dot denotes pin 3

on D506-D509
Figure 3-2. Main Board Component Layout

Rev B 190-00187-05
TP500 TP527 TP518
P501
PIN SIGNAL
1 -5 Vdc
2 TX OSC ON
4 TX EMITTER ON
5 TX FINAL ON
9 +53 Vdc
Figure 3-3. Transmitter Board Component Layout

190-00187-05 Rev. B
TP2
P301
+11.9 to +14 Vdc PIN VOLTAGE
+12 Vdc 5 -12 Vdc
11,12 +14.5 Vdc
Figure 3-4. Receiver Board Component Layout

Rev B 190-00187-05
SECTION 4
DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY
4.1 INTRODUCTION
This section contains the instructions for removing the major assemblies of the GTX 327 Transponder.
Reassembly instructions are given in paragraph 4.4. Disassemble the unit only to the extent necessary to remove
and replace parts or assemblies affected. Replaceable parts and assemblies are listed in Section 6,
REPLACEABLE ASSEMBLIES. For aid in disassembly and reassembly refer to Section 7, ASSEMBLY
DRAWINGS for exploded views of the unit.
The GTX 327 contains static sensitive components. Observe proper ESD
procedures while repairing the unit. Do not replace assemblies with the unit
turned on. To avoid damaging the circuit boards and assemblies, the following
procedures should be carefully followed.
4.2 REQUIRED TOOLS
Standard shop equipment is used to remove and replace faulty assemblies.
NOTE
The GTX 327 lens is coated with a special anti-reflective coating which is very
sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. It is very important to clean
the lens using an eyeglass cleaner, which is specified as safe for anti-reflective
coatings (one suitable product is Wal-Mart® Lens cleaner) and a clean, lint free
cloth.
4.3 DISASSEMBLING THE UNIT
NOTE
Numbers in parentheses refer to parts listed in Table 6-1, Field Replaceable Parts
List and the circled figure number in Figures 7-1 through 7-3.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
4.3.1 Removing the Bottom Cover (Figure 7-2)
1. Remove six screws securing the bottom cover assembly (20) to the unit, four from the sides (15) and
two black screws (14) through the bottom of the front panel (1).
2. Slide the bottom cover towards the rear until the retaining lip is fully exposed, then lift the cover
assembly off of the unit.
4.3.2 Flexible Circuit Cables (Figures 7-2, 7-3)
NOTE
The GTX 327 employs flexible circuit cables (9, 10, 21) to connect the main
board assembly to the display module (3), receiver module (6) and transmitter
board (5). The flat flexible cables (9, 21) are inserted into a Zero Insertion Force
(ZIF) connector. Refer to figures 7-2 and 7-3 for location.
1. Remove the bottom cover assembly (20) as described in paragraph 4.3.1.
2. Carefully pull up on the retaining lip of the ZIF connector with a right-angle tool similar to a dental
pick. The retaining lip will break if pulled too hard.
3. Gently pull the flexible circuit cable from the connector.
4.3.3 Front Panel Assembly (Figures 7-1, 7-2)
NOTE
To avoid damaging the unit, remove flexible circuit cables connecting the front
panel assembly to the main circuit board assembly before removing the front
panel assembly.
2. Remove the flexible circuit cable (9) as described in paragraph 4.3.2.
3. Remove two remaining black screws (14) in the front panel securing the front panel assembly to the
chassis (17).
4. Carefully pull the front panel assembly forward off of the chassis.

Rev B 190-00187-05
4.3.4 Display Assembly (Figure 7-1)
1. Remove the front panel assembly (1) as described in paragraph 4.3.3.
2. Remove two screws (12) securing the display module (3) to the front panel assembly (1).
3. Carefully lift the display assembly off of the PCB connector, and then pull the display assembly
sideways away from the retaining tabs on the front panel.
4. Remove the bezel glass (2) by pressing it rearward out of the front panel.
4.3.5 Receiver Module Assembly (Figure 7-2)
NOTE
In the next step, do not remove the five screws securing the receiver board to the
receiver module aluminum base. Remove the entire receiver module assembly
(6) as one module.
2. Carefully pry the receiver tray shield (23) off of the receiver.
3. Carefully pull up on the retaining lip of the ZIF connector with a right-angle tool.
4. Gently pull the flexible ZIF circuit cable (21) from the connector.
5. Carefully lift the coaxial cable connector (P/O item 8) from the board.
6. Remove two screws (13) in opposite corners securing the receiver module (6) to the chassis (17).
7. Lift the receiver module off of the chassis.
4.3.6 Transmitter Board (Figures 7-2, 7-3)
1. Remove the receiver module (6) as described in paragraph 4.3.5.
2. Carefully pry the transmitter pocket shield (7) off of the transmitter assembly.
3. Disconnect the multipin ribbon cable assembly (10) from the connector.
4. Carefully lift the coaxial cable connector (P/O item 8) from the board.
5. Remove eight screws (12) securing the transmitter board to the chassis.
6. Lift the transmitter board out of the chassis.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
4.3.7 Main Board (Figure 7-3)
1. Disconnect the multipin ribbon cable (10) if not already removed with the transmitter board in step
4.3.6.
2. Carefully pull up on the retaining lip of the ZIF connector with a right-angle tool.
3. Gently pull the flexible ZIF circuit cable (21) from the connectors.
4. Remove two flat head screws (16) securing the unit rear connector to the chassis.
5. Remove one screw (14) securing I301 to the chassis.
6. Remove six additional screws (12) securing the main board to the chassis.
7. Lift the main board out of the chassis.
4.3.8 Coaxial Cable Diplexer Assembly (Figures 7-2, 7-3)
CAUTION
If the coaxial cable diplexer assembly is damaged, do not attempt repairs. Cable
length and placement is critical to proper operation. If a break occurs do not trim
and resolder this cable. The subminiature RF coax connectors are easily
damaged. If the connectors are damaged, or a break occurs, replace the
assembly.
The GTX 327 internal coax cable assembly (8) is critical. The cable assembly is used as a diplexer, allowing
both the transmitter and receiver to use the same BNC antenna connector. A fixture is necessary to ensure that
the lengths are very precisely measured and assembled. Also, the routing of the coax cables is critical as well.
Observe routing on the outside of the covers before removing the coax cable assembly.
Replace the cable assembly if there is any problem with the diplexer.
2. Remove the receiver module (6) as described in paragraph 4.3.5.
3. Carefully lift the coaxial cable connector from the transmitter board (5).
4. Remove the main board (4) as described in paragraph 4.3.7.
5. Remove two screws (12) securing the coaxial cable assembly to the chassis.
6. Remove the coaxial cable assembly (8) from the chassis.

Rev B 190-00187-05
4.4 REASSEMBLY
4.4.1 Coaxial Cable Diplexer Assembly (Figures 7-2, 7-3)
CAUTION
If the coaxial cable assembly is damaged, do not attempt repairs. Cable length
and placement is critical to proper operation. If a break occurs do not trim and
resolder this cable. The subminiature RF coax connectors are easily damaged.
If the connectors are damaged, or a break occurs, replace the assembly. Upon
reassembly into the unit, check the subminiature RF coax connector center
conductors for proper center pin alignment.
Figure 4-1. Receiver Diplexer Cable Orientation
1. Insert the coaxial cable assembly (8) into the chassis (17), observing proper cable orientation.
2. Secure the coaxial cable assembly to the chassis with two screws (12).
3. Carefully attach the subminiature RF coax connectors to the transmitter board in the steps indicated
in paragraph 4.4.3 and to the receiver board in paragraph 4.4.4.
4. Place the receiver diplexer cable under the receiver cover retaining clips. To avoid exceeding the
minimum bend radius of the cable, install as shown in Figure 4-1.
4.4.2 Main Board (Figures 7-2, 7-3)
1. Carefully insert the unit connector into the rear of the chassis frame while placing the main board (4)
onto the chassis (17).
2. Attach the main board (4) to the chassis with six screws (12).
3. Using two flat head screws (16) secure the unit rear connector to the chassis.
4. Attach I301 to the chassis with one screw (14).

190-00187-05 Rev. B
CAUTION
Orientation of the blue strain relief band on the cable (21) is important in the
next step. When inserted into the main board connector the blue band must face
the connector’s brown retaining lip.
5. Carefully insert the ribbon cable (21) into the ZIF connector.
6. Press down on the ZIF connector retaining lip to secure the cable in place.
7. Connect the multipin ribbon cable (10) into the connector on the main board.
4.4.3 Transmitter Board (Figure 7-3)
1. Place two new transmitter board thermal pads (11) on the bottom of the transmitter board power
transistors as shown.
2. Place the transmitter board (5) into the chassis (17).
3. Attach the transmitter board with eight screws (12).
4. Connect the multipin ribbon cable connector (10).
5. Observing the caution in step 4.4.1, carefully insert the coaxial cable subminiature RF coax plug
(P/O item 8) into the connector on the board.
4.4.4 Receiver Module Assembly (Figure 7-2)
1. Place the receiver module (6) into the chassis (17).
2. Attach the receiver module to the unit chassis with two screws (13) in opposite corners.
3. Carefully insert the ribbon cable (21) into the ZIF connector.
4. Press down on the ZIF connector retaining lip to secure the cable in place.
5. Observing the caution in step 4.4.1, carefully insert the coaxial cable subminiature RF coax plug
(P/O item 8) into the connector on the board.
6. Place the receiver tray shield (23) on the receiver. Install the coax cable as shown in Figure 4-1.

Rev B 190-00187-05
4.4.5 Display Assembly (Figure 7-1)
1. Carefully place the clean lens (2) on the bezel assembly (1) with the stepped edge seated securely in
the bezel and the black frame facing rearward.
2. Place the display assembly (3) into the retaining tabs on the bezel assembly and carefully insert the
display assembly connector over the bezel assembly pins.
3. Secure the display assembly to the bezel assembly with two screws (12).
4.4.6 Front Panel Assembly (Figure 7-1)
1. If the front panel display assembly has been removed from the bezel for any reason, reinstall as
described in paragraph 4.4.5.
2. Carefully place the front panel assembly (1) on the unit. Attach to the unit using two screws (12) in
the top holes in the bezel.
3. Install the flexible circuit cable (9) as described in paragraph 4.4.7.
4.4.7 Flexible Circuit Cables (Figure 7-3)
CAUTION
Orientation of the blue strain relief band on the cable is important. When
inserted into the connectors the blue bands must face toward the brown retaining
lip of the connector.
1. With the retaining lip of the ZIF connectors lifted, carefully insert the flexible circuit cable (9) into
the main board (4) and front panel ZIF connectors.
2. While gently holding the flexible circuit cable in the connector, press down on the connector lip to
secure the cables in place.
3. Ensure that cable bend orientation is as close to original as possible.
4. When installing the ribbon cable (10) carefully insert the ribbon cable connector observing key
orientation and without offsetting the pins.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
4.4.8 Installing Bottom Cover (Figure 7-2)
1. Turn the unit upside down to install the bottom cover (17).
2. Slide the bottom cover retaining lip under the front panel and position over the bottom of the unit.
Secure the bottom cover with four screws (15) through the sides and two black screws through the
front panel assembly (14).
NOTE
The 3/4 inch access cover circles (18) and hydrophobic patch (19) need not be
removed for normal field maintenance. If these items need to be replaced, order
from GARMIN using the part numbers found in table 6-1.

Rev B 190-00187-05
SECTION 5
TESTING
5.1 INTRODUCTION
The test procedures in this section are provided to aid the technician in locating faulty assemblies within the unit.
The test procedures can be performed before troubleshooting is started or they can be used as a “return to
service” test after replacement of assemblies has been made. All tests can be performed without accessing the
inside of the unit.
The GTX 327 Transponder contains static sensitive components. Observe

proper anti-static procedures when testing the unit.
WARNING
Hazardous voltages exist on the Main Board and Transmitter Board. Under
normal operating conditions the voltages range up to 60 Vdc. Exercise
extreme caution during unit testing. Death or serious injury could result from
electrical shock.
5.2 GENERAL
Included in this section are the test equipment required, test setup data and testing procedures for units removed
from an aircraft or from storage before use in an aircraft. Perform these tests with the dust covers on. After
failure of a specific test the unit may be returned to the factory for repair or opened for further testing and
troubleshooting. Repair is limited to replacement of field replaceable assemblies listed in Section 1, paragraph
1.5.
After completing all necessary maintenance or service, perform the tests in this section, Section 5, TESTING, to
ensure that all functions are operating properly.
5.3 ADJUSTMENT/MEASUREMENT ACCURACY
Before making any adjustments to the unit, ensure that all test equipment is in calibration and traceable to NIST
(National Institute of Standards and Technology). Some output parameters are factory adjusted to specific levels.
Test levels may not be accurate if the unit has been readjusted in the field.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
5.4 TEST EQUIPMENT PRECAUTION
Except for the DVM with standard lead length, the case of each instrument should be connected to ground. The
bench power supply ground must be connected to earth ground and serve as a single point ground for the entire
test setup.
NOTE
Test harness misconnection could cause damage to the GTX 327 unit.
5.5 REQUIRED TEST EQUIPMENT
The following test equipment (or suitable substitute) is required for testing the GTX 327:
Test Equipment Description Representative Type

Transponder Test Set IFR Systems ATC-1400A
Power Supply Topward 2000 (+11 Vdc to +33 Vdc @ up to
3 amps if testing Switched Power Output)
Digital Multimeter Fluke Model 79
Oscilloscope: 100 MHz Bandwidth Tek TDS-3034 or suitable equivalent
Minimum
Test Harness Fabricated Locally (See Section 2)
Coax Cable Assembly Fabricated Locally (See Section 2)
5.5.1 TEST HARNESS
Section 2, SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT, provides a schematic diagram in Figure 2-3 for fabricating a
suggested test harness. Instructions are also given in Figure 2-1 for assembling the blindmate connector on the
Coax Cable Assembly. The Coax Cable Assembly is included as part of the test harness shown in Figure 2-3.
5.6 BENCH TESTING
Unless otherwise specified, this test is performed manually with covers in place.
5.7 TEST EQUIPMENT SETUP
Connect the GTX 327 and related test equipment to the test panel as shown in figure 2-3. Set the controls on the
ATC-1400A to the default settings. Refer to ATC-1400A Test Setup for complete Standard Test Conditions
details. Attach the coax cable calibrated for 1.5 dB maximum attenuation at 1090 MHz with appropriate RF
connectors.

Rev B 190-00187-05
Figure 5-1. ATC-1400A Test Set

190-00187-05 Rev. B
5.7.1 ATC-1400A and Oscilloscope Default Settings
Configure the ATC-1400A switches as shown in Figure 3-1.
• Set RF Level to –50 dBm

• Set XPDR MODE switch to position A
• Set PRF to 500 Hz
• Turn SLS to OFF
Set the Oscilloscope to the following initial settings:
• EXT TRIG (Sync to ATC-1400A)

• CH 1 VERTICAL SENS 20 mV/Div
• HORIZONTAL SWEEP 100 ns
• DELAYED SWEEP center on first pulse
5.8 STANDARD TEST SIGNALS
5.8.1 Input Voltages
Unless otherwise specified, all tests will be performed with power input voltages and RF signal as follows:
• GTX 327 DC power input voltage per aircraft system of either +13.75 Vdc or +27.5 Vdc. Note that
the GTX 327 will operate on any DC voltage between +11 and +33 Vdc.
• GTX 327 Panel Lighting input per aircraft voltage with unit configured accordingly.
5.8.2 RF I/O
The standard input test signal shall be 1090 MHz at –50 dBm with the PRF set to 500 Hz. The XPDR mode
switch on the ATC-1400A must be either in mode A or C. Set the ATC-1400A RF Level to –50 dBm except for
tests necessary to measure MTL, Dynamic Range or SLS performance.
5.9 POWER ON CHECK
Adjust the power supply voltages before connecting the unit. Verify that the GTX 327 has been correctly
configured for the Panel Lighting voltage that will be used in the aircraft. Refer to the GTX 327 Installation
Manual, 190-00187-02, for details.
1. Set the main power supply voltage to +27.5 Vdc or the actual aircraft voltage.
2. Set the panel lighting supply voltage as appropriate for the aircraft and apply this voltage to J3271
pin 23 or pin 24 through the test harness as specified in Figure 2-3.
3. Connect the GTX 327 to the Test Harness along with the RF coax connection and apply DC power.
4. Turn on the GTX 327 and complete the following tests:

Rev B 190-00187-05
NOTE
For units installed in a particular aircraft, you need check only the lighting
voltage appropriate to that aircraft.
5.9.1 28 V Panel Lighting
1. Set panel lighting input voltage to +27.5 V and apply the voltage to the transponder test harness, pin
23.
2. Vary the panel lighting input voltage from +27.5 V to 0 V.
3. Observe that the panel lights continuously dim while reducing the lighting buss voltage.
1. Set panel lighting input voltage to +13.75 V and apply the voltage to the transponder test harness, pin
24.
2. Vary the panel lighting input voltage from +13.75 V to 0 V.
1. Set panel lighting input voltage to +5 V and apply the voltage to the transponder test harness, pin 24.
2. Vary the panel lighting input voltage from +5 V to 0 V.
5.9.4 Power On Test
1. Set main power supply voltage to +27.5 V.
2. Press any button (STBY, ALT or ON) on the GTX 327 power circle except OFF.
3. Observe that the display lights up when the button is pressed.
4. Verify correct indication on the GTX 327 front panel display, including mode selection, 4 digit code
and time or altitude.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
5.9.5 Display Dimming Test
1. Cover the ambient light sensor located next to the 7 key.
2. Observe that the display dims when the sensor is covered.
5.10 SWITCHED POWER OUTPUT
Switched power output can be tested by supplying power to an encoding altimeter from the test harness, pin 14.
Make sure that the current draw does not exceed 1.5 amps at +13.75 Vdc. At input voltages greater than +13.75
Vdc, the power supplied through the switched power output must not exceed the above rating.
Measuring voltage across a resistive load can also test switched power output. Verify that current does not
exceed 1.5 amps at +13.75 Vdc or its equivalent power rating.
5.11 FRONT PANEL PUSHBUTTON CONTROLS
Exercise all front panel pushbutton controls to verify proper selection and deselection of each LED and
appropriate indication on the GTX 327 front panel display. The purpose of each function selection switch is as
follows:
• OFF  Turns the GTX 327 off.
• STBY Selects STBY mode.
• ON  Turns the transponder ON in Mode A.
• ALT  Turns the transponder on in Mode A and Mode C.
• IDENT  Activates the Special Position Identification (SPI) Pulse.
• VFR  Selects the default VFR code.
• FUNC  Changes modes displayed on the right side of the display. Displayed data includes Flight
Level, Flight Time, Count Up timer, Count Down timer, screen Contrast, and Display
Brightness (if configured for manual contrast and brightness).
Flight Level: Displays the pressure altitude data supplied to the GTX 327 in feet,
flight level format or meters depending on configuration setup.
Flight Time: Displays the flight time controlled by the Start/Stop button. If
AIRBORNE SOURCE is configured the timer begins when liftoff from a
squat switch or when 35 knots from a GPS is sensed.
Count Up Timer: Controlled by START/STOP and CLR button.
Count Down Timer: Controlled by START/STOP, CLR, and CRSR buttons. Count down
timer entered with 0 – 9 buttons.
Contrast: Controlled by 8 and 9 buttons.
Display Brightness: Controlled by 8 and 9 buttons.

Rev B 190-00187-05
• START/ STOP  Starts and stops the Count Up and Count Down timers.
• CRSR  Activates the change fields for the Count Down timer when selected by the FUNC key.
• CLR  Resets the Count Up and Count Down timers.
• 8  Reduces screen Contrast and display Brightness. Enters the number eight into the Count Down
timer.
• 9  Increases screen Contrast and display Brightness. Enters the number nine into the Count Down
timer.
5.11.1 Timer Function Test
Press the FUNC key and verify proper operation of the count up and count down timers.
5.11.2 Code Selector Pushbutton Switches
The code selector consists of eight push button (0 – 7) switches that provide 4,096 active identification codes.
Pushing one of these buttons begins the code selection sequence. The new code will not be activated until the
fourth button is pressed. While changing codes, pressing the CLR button moves the cursor to the previous digit.
When on the first digit, pressing CLR restores the last active code. Pressing the CRSR button when data entry
has begun will remove the cursor and cancel data entry. If an identification code entry is not completed the last
active code is restored.
Check all eight code selection digits and code entry into the display. When checking the EXTERNAL SWITCH
Page, verify the appropriate test harness switch operation.
5.11.3 Configuration Pages
Holding down the FUNC key and pressing the ON key provides access to the configuration pages. The FUNC
key will sequence through the configuration pages. The CRSR key will highlight selectable fields on each page.
When a field is highlighted, numeric data entry will be performed with the 0-9 keys, and list selections will be
performed with the 8 or 9 keys. Press the CRSR key to accept changes. Pressing the FUNC key moves on to the
next configuration page without saving the changes. Changes made through the configuration pages are stored in
EEPROM memory. To exit the configuration pages, turn the power off and then on again (without holding the
FUNC key).
Check each configuration page for proper data entry and display. Refer to the GTX 327 Installation Manual,
190-00187-02 for each configuration page detail.
5.12 FUNCTIONAL TEST
This section contains information for functional testing of the GTX 327 Transponder. Functional testing is used
to troubleshoot a suspected faulty unit and to verify proper operation after board replacement. Perform
functional testing before returning a repaired unit to service. These measurements are applicable after a
ten-minute warm-up period under standard conditions.
190-00187-05 Rev. B
5.12.1 Receiver Test, Minimum Trigger Level and Dynamic Range
Configure the ATC-1400A switches as shown in Figure 3-1.
• Set RF Level to –50 dBm
• Set XPDR MODE switch to position A
• Set PRF to 500 Hz
• Turn SLS to OFF
Minimum Triggering Level (MTL) is defined as the RF input level of a standard test signal that produces 90%
reply. Increasing the signal level above MTL should cause the percent reply to increase. At MTL +3 dB the
indicated percent reply should be 100%.
1. With the GTX 327 in either ON or ALT mode, adjust the ATC-1400A RF level control from
-69 dBm to -74 dBm. The ATC-1400A percent reply indication must reach at least 90% at some
level within this range.
2. Increase the ATC-1400A RF level to MTL +50 dB.
3. Verify that percent reply is always greater than 90%.
5.12.2 Transmitter Power Output and Reply Annunciator Test
1. While the unit is replying with input signal levels at MTL and above, the XMTR PWR display on the
ATC-1400A shall read greater than 125 watts through the calibrated –1.5 dB coax cable.
2. Verify that the front panel display REPLY annunciator is active while the ATC-1400A shows the
unit replying.
3. Set the ATC-1400A RF level to –90 dBm and verify that the unit does not reply.
4. Verify that the front panel display REPLY annunciator is inactive while the ATC-1400A shows the
unit is not replying.
5.12.3 Transmitter Characteristics
Verify that the ATC-1400A and the oscilloscope are configured for the Standard Test Setup. For these tests
unless otherwise noted, set the RF output level of the ATC-1400A to –50 dBm with a 500 Hz PRF in either Mode
A or Mode C and verify that the unit is replying 100%. Center the scope on the first pulse P1. Expand the scope
settings to show the pulse to near full screen in both “x” and “y” axes in order to make precision measurements of
the detected pulse characteristics.

Rev B 190-00187-05
Pulse Width
Measure the pulse width of the detected pulse P1. The pulse width measured at the 50% point must be between
350 ns and 550 ns.
Pulse Rise Time
Measure the rise time of the detected pulse P1. The rise time measured from the 10% to 90% points must be
between 50 ns and 100 ns.
Pulse Fall Time
Measure the fall time of the detected pulse P1. The fall time measured from the 90% to 10% points must be
between 50 ns and 200 ns.
General Pulse Characteristics
Other than jitter that should not exceed 100 ns with respect to P3 with RF input levels of MTL+3 dB to
MTL+50 dB, the detected pulse waveform should be uniform and not exhibit any parasitic conditions.
With the ATC-1400A in Mode A with the PRF at 500 Hz, set the GTX 327 to squawk reply code 7777. Change
the F1/F2 Switch on the ATC-1400A to measure power between the first framing pulse (F1) and the last framing
pulse (F2) and verify that there is no more than 1 dB difference between measured peak power levels.
Transmitter RF Peak Power Output
Verify that RF peak power output is always greater than 125 watts through the calibrated –1.5 dB coax cable to
the ATC-1400A. Typical RF peak power output through the 1.5 dB coax is 150 watts which correlates to 212
watts peak at the rear of the unit.
Reply Transmission Frequency
Verify that the XMTR FREQ display on the ATC-1400A indicates 1087 MHz to 1093 MHz. Nominal setting is
1090 ±0.5 MHz.
If the transmitter frequency needs adjustment, perform the following steps:
1. Remove DC power to the unit.
2. Remove the GTX 327 unit cover and then remove the two screws that hold the receiver assembly.
3. Fold the receiver assembly over the main board to provide access to the transmitter. Do not remove
the transmitter shield. An access hole is provided to adjust the transmitter frequency.
4. Apply power to the unit and allow it to stabilize before adjusting. Do not adjust any other transmitter
adjustments.
5. Adjust C525 for 1090 MHz.

190-00187-05 Rev. B
Figure 5-2. Transmitter Shield Cover Alignment Cutouts
5.12.4 Reply Rate Limiting Test
1. Set the PRF switches to 1200 Hz and verify that the percent reply is at or between 97 and 100%.
2. Set the PRF switches to 1800 Hz and verify that the percent reply is not greater than 70%.
3. Return PRF switches to 500 Hz.
5.12.5 Side Lobe Suppression
1. Adjust the RF Level of the ATC-1400A until the percent reply indicates 90% (MTL).
2. Adjust the RF level to MTL + 3 dB and verify that the unit is replying greater than 90%.
3. Set the SLS/Echo switch to –9 dB and turn the associated toggle switch to ON. Verify that percent
reply is unchanged from above.
4. Set the SLS/Echo switch to 0 dB and verify that percent reply is less than 2%.
5. Adjust the RF level to MTL + 25 dB and verify that percent reply is less than 2%.
6. Adjust the RF level to MTL + 50 dB and verify that percent reply is less than 2%.
7. Return SLS switch to OFF position.

Rev B 190-00187-05
5.12.6 IDENT Test
1. Set the ATC-1400A to Mode A and place the GTX 327 in ON mode.
2. Adjust the RF level of the ATC-1400A for a 100% reply rate.
3. Press the IDENT button on the transponder.
4. The ATC-1400A XPDR Code display shall read 1d0000 for approximately 20 seconds. The SPI
pulse shall appear next to the F2 pulse on the oscilloscope. The ID annunciator shall indicate on the
GTX 327 screen.
5. Press the STBY button on the GTX 327. Press the IDENT button on the transponder.
6. The ID annunciator shall indicate on the GTX 327 screen but the unit shall not transmit.

190-00187-05 Rev. B

Rev B 190-00187-05
SECTION 6
REPLACEABLE ASSEMBLIES
6.1 LIST OF REPLACEABLE PARTS
The following GTX 327 Transponder assemblies can be field replaced. The table below lists the part numbers
available to authorized maintenance shops:
Table 6-1. Field Replaceable Parts List, 1 of 2.

Item Assembly Garmin Part Numbers
1 Front Panel Assembly S11-00491-01
2 Lens 470-00034-00
3 Display Module 011-00492-00

4 Main Board 012-00375-01
5 Transmitter Board 012-00376-00
6 Receiver Module 011-00494-00

7 SMP Transmitter Pocket Shield 115-00298-00
8 Coax Cable Assembly 325-00050-02

9 Flat Flex Cable 310-00019-00
10 Ribbon Cable Assembly 325-00063-00
11 Thermal Pad, Transmitter Board 250-00067-00
12 Screw, SS, 2-56 x .250 211-60232-08

13 Screw, SS, 2-56 x .500 211-60232-12
14 Screw, 4-40 x .187, Black 211-60334-06
15 Screw, 4-40 x .250, CSK 211-63234-08
16 Screw, 4-40 x .375, CSK 211-63234-10
17 GTX 327 Chassis 125-00018-00

18 Access Cover, 0.75” Circle 249-00053-00
19 Patch, Hydrophobic, 9.5mm 390-00001-00

20 Bottom Cover Assembly 115-00300-00
21 Receiver Flat Flex Cable 310-00028-01

190-00187-05 Rev. B
Table 6-1. Field Replaceable Parts List, 2 of 2.
Item Assembly Garmin Part Numbers
22 Fuse, F301, SMT, Fast Blow, 3A 350-B0300-01
23 Receiver Tray Shield 115-00299-00
Page 6-2 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Rev. B 190-00187-05
SECTION 7
ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
7.1 ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
The following assembly drawings are provided for part identification and to aid in assembly/disassembly of the
GTX 327 Transponder.
Figure 7-1. GTX 327 Front Panel Assembly

190-00187-05 Rev. B

Rev B 190-00187-05
1
4x 15
4x 14
20
ITEM 4
6
21
2x 13
23
TO MAIN BD,
ITEM 5
TO TX BD,
17
ITEM 6
8
TO RX BD,
12
Figure 7-2. GTX 327 Chassis Assembly, Exploded View

190-00187-05 Rev B
16
4
19
14
10
11
2x 18
5
17
14x 12
TO ITEM 3
9
Figure 7-3. GTX 327 Chassis Assembly, Main Board and Transmitter Board

190-00187-05 Rev B

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GTX 327 ATC

GARMIN International, Inc.

INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS

Revision Revision Description ECO #

Page A GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page i

1.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 1-1

2.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 2-1

Page ii GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.1 TROUBLESHOOTING EQUIPMENT ............................................................................. 3-1

4.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 4-1

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page iii

5.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 5-1

Page iv GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

6.1 LIST OF REPLACEABLE PARTS .................................................................................. 6-1

7.1 ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS ............................................................................................... 7-1

1-1 ATCRBS System .......................................................................................................... 1-2

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page v

Page vi GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 1-1

1.3.1 ATCRBS System Operation

REPLY 1090 MHZ

Figure 1-1. ATCRBS System

1-2 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

INTERROGATION AND REPLY

TCAS EQUIPPED AIRCRAFT

Figure 1-2. Typical TCAS Encounter

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 1-3

1.3.5 Mutual Suppression Pulses

1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

1-4 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

GARMIN recommends limiting field maintenance to the following:

• Functional inspection to meet current FAR requirements

1.6 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

The GTX 327 consists of four major electrical assemblies:

• Main Board Assembly

Figure 1-3. GTX 327 Simplified System Block Diagram

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 1-5

1.6.2 Front Panel

• LCD Display with LED backlighting

• 970 MHz Local Oscillator

1.6.6 Flexible Circuit Cables

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 1-7

1-8 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

• ATC-1400A Transponder Test Set or equivalent

2.2.1 Antenna Test Cable Connector

Figure 2-1. Blindmate Antenna Connector

GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL Page 2-1

2. Trim braid (not center conductor or insulation) back 0.25”.

3. Strip Insulation back 0.12”.

6. Install 50 8 Matching Bushing.

7. Insert connector cap and tack solder in two places.

2.2.2 Test Harness

2.2.3 Transponder Bench Test

• Reply codes for modes A and C

2-2 GTX 327 MAINTENANCE MANUAL