IMMORTAL SMOOTH SOLUTION OF THE

THREE SPACE DIMENSIONAL

arXiv:math/0609740v4 [math.DG] 5 Oct 2006

NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM

PENNY SMITH

Abstract. We show the existence of an immortal smooth solution the three

space dimensional Navier-Stokes System, which gives a positive answer to Con-
jecture (A) page 2 of [F].

1. Introduction
We prove the existence of an immortal classical solution to the Navier-Stokes
System under the hypothesis of Statement (A) of [F]. Our method is new. We
smoothly match the local-in-time smooth solution of [H] with a solution starting
as a limit of P-viscosity immortal solutions of Auxillary singularly perturbed first
order systems. Existence of unique C 1 P-viscosity solutions of such systems has
been proved by the author in [Sm1], [Sm2], [Sm3], [Sm4], [Sm5] ( where C 1 has a
technical meaning given there.)
We make use of the special structure of these auxillary systems (ultimately of the
special structure of the Navier-Stokes System) to show that all difference quotients
of this system have P-viscosity solutions with pointwise bounds independent of the
singular perturbation parameter λ and of the translation parameter of the difference
quotients. This allows us to extract a subsequence converging to the C ∞ matching
solution.
For our notation and concepts such as P-viscosity solution, we refer to
[Sm1],[Sm2],[Sm2],[Sm3],[Sm4],[Sm5]. We also use the notation |− →a |, where −
→
a is a
finite dimensional vector valued function, to denote any finite dimensional pointwise
norm of − →
a . Recall that all finite dimensional norms are equivalent.
We note that the Navier-Stokes System in three space dimensions is given by
3
X ∂ 2 vi
∂vi ∂vi ∂p
(1) + vk −υ =−
∂t ∂xk ∂x2k ∂xi
k=1
Here i = 1, 2, 3 and repeated indices are summed.
∂vi
(2) div(−
→
v)= =0
∂xi
We note that by the simple transformation
(3) →
−v = α−→
v, t = γt, x = β−
→
− →x, p = σ−
−
→ →
p
with
1 2 1 2
(4) α = (υ)− 3 β = (υ)− 3 γ = (υ)− 3 σ = (υ)− 3
Date: September 20, 2006.
Key words and phrases. Einstein Equations, Symmetric Hyperbolic, Viscosity Solution.
1
2 PENNY SMITH

the Navier-Stokes System is brought into a system of exactly the same form for
the bold variables but with υ = 1. Thus, at no loss of generality, we study this
system- henceforth referred to as THE Navier-Stokes System. With minor abuse of
notation, we restore our original non-bold notation for the variables of this system,
and study the system (1), (2) but now with υ = 1.

2. The Local Existence of Smooth Solutions to the Navier-Stokes

System
It is well known that, for sufficently smooth initial data and forcing function
, there exists a critical time T0 (depending on the initial data and on the forcing
function, such that the Navier-Stokes System in three spacial dimensions: eq. (1.1),
eq (1.2) has a smooth solution in [0, T0 ). We have:
Theorem 1 (Heywood). Let u0 ∈ H m,2 (R3 ) ∩ C ∞ (R3 ) ∀m∈Z + .
Let f ∈ C ∞ ([0, ∞] × R3 ) with |∂xα ∂tm f (t, x)| ≤ Cαmk (1 + |x| + t)−k on [0, ∞],
∀α, m, k ∈ Z + . Then, ∃T0 >0 , with T0 depending on u0 , f such that: on [0, T0 ) × R3 ,
there exists a solution u, p of the Navier-Stokes System eq (1.1), eq (1.2) with u(0) =
u0 satisfying
(5a) u ∈ C ∞ ([0, T0 ) × R3 )

(5b) p ∈ C ∞ ([0, T0 ) × R3 )

(5c)
For each t̄ ∈ [0, T0 ) all space and time derivatives, Dxα Dtβ p, Dxα Dtβ u are square
integrable in space over {t̄ × R3 }.
Proof: This is less than proved in the brilliant paper of [H]. QED.
We also need a definition for later use.
Definition 1. Let f, T0 , p be as in Theorem 1. Let 0 < t < T0 We define the
→
− →
−
13 × 1 vector F H : = (p, f1 (t, x), f2 (t, x), f3 (t, x), 03×1 , 03×1 , 03×1 )tr . We call F H
the prolongation of the Heywood force function.
Remark 1. We thank Prof. G.P. Galdi for the reference to [H] and Prof C.
Fefferman for pointing out the existence of the local regularity theory.

3. The Auxillary Symmetric System

In this section, we write an auxillary symmetric quasilinear hyperbolic first order
system, depending on a positive parameter λ, which when λ = 0 reduces to a first
order system form of the Navier-Stokes System: eq (1.1), eq (1.2).
We define some useful matrices:
Definition 2. Let i, j = 1, 2, 3. E(i, j) : = 03×3 but with the (i, j)-element replaced
by 1. Also e1 : = (1, 0, 0), e2 : = (0, 1, 0), e3 : = (0, 0, 1) and e∗i = (ei )tr
This auxillary system is of the form
3 →
−
−
→ X −
→ ∂ V (t, x) −−−−→ − →
(6) Lλ ( V ) : = Aα (t, x, V (t, x)) + B • V(t, x) = F (t, x)
α=0
∂xα
IMMORTAL SMOOTH SOLUTION OF THETHREE SPACE DIMENSIONALNAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM
3

→
−
Where x0 = t and x = (x1 , x2 , x3 ), the Aα and B are 13 × 13 matrices, and V
is a 13 × 1 vector.
They are given by
→
−
(7) V : = (p, v1 , v2 , v3 , Υ11 , Υ12 , Υ13 Υ21 , Υ22 , Υ23 Υ31 , Υ32 , Υ33 )tr

 
λ 01×3 01×3 01×3 01×3
03×1 I3×3 03×3 03×3 03×3 
 
(8) A0 : = 03×1 03×1 λI3×3 03×3 03×3 
03×1 03×3 03×3 λI3×3 03×3 
03×1 03×3 03×3 03×3 λI3×3
 
0 e1 00×3 00×3 00×3
 e∗1 v I
1 3×3 −1E(1, 1) −1E(2, 1) −1E(3, 1)
 
(9) A1 : =  0
 3×1 −1E(1, 1) 0 3×3 03×3 03×3  
03×1 −1E(1, 2) 03×3 03×3 03×3 
03×1 −1E(1, 3) 03×3 03×3 03×3
 
0 e2 01×3 01×3 01×3
 e∗2 v 2 I3×3 −1E(1, 2) −1E(2, 2) −1E(3, 2)
 
(10) A2 : = 
 0 3×1 −1E(2, 1) 0 3×3 03×3 03×3  
03×1 −1E(2, 2) 03×3 03×3 03×3 
03×1 −1E(2, 3) 03×3 03×3 03×3
 
0 e3 01×3 01×3 01×3
 e∗3 v3 I3×3 −1E(1, 3) −1E(2, 3) −1E(3, 3)
 
(11) 03×1 −1E(3, 1)
A3 : =  03×3 03×3 03×3  
03×1 −1E(3, 2) 03×3 03×3 03×3 
03×1 −1E(3, 3) 03×3 03×3 03×3
 
0 01×3 01×3 01×3 01×3
03×1 03×3 03×3 03×3 03×3 
 
(12) 03×1 03×3 I3×3
B: =  03×3 03×3 

03×1 03×3 03×3 I3×3 03×3 
03×1 03×3 03×3 03×3 I3×3
−
→
(13) F : = (p, f1 (t, x), f2 (t, x), f3 (t, x), 03×1 , 03×1 , 03×1 )tr

4. Existence of C 2 -Sub and Supersolutions for the Auxillary λ-

System
Theorem 2. Let 0 ≤ t̂ ≤ t ≤ T ≤ ∞. Let DT = [t̂, T ] × R3 . Let ǫ0 > 0. Let
−
→ →
−
0 < λ < 41 . Let W 0 (x) ∈ C 2+ǫ0 (R3 , R13 ) ∩ H 3,2 (R3 , R13 ). Let F be continuous and
bounded and decaying to zero at spacial infinity
Then, in DT0 , there exist:
→
−
(1) a supersolution V # ∈ C 2+ǫ0 (DT , R13 ) ∩ H 2,2 (DT , R13 ) of eq (6)
→#
− −
→
with V (t̂, x) = W 0 (x).
→
−
(2) a subsolution U # ∈ C 2+ǫ0 (DT , R13 ) ∩ H 2,2 (DT , R13 ) of
→
− −
→
eq (6) with U # (t̂, x) = W 0 (x).
4 PENNY SMITH

→
− →
−
(3) At no loss of generality V # and U # can be chosen independently of λ.
→
−
(4) Since | F | is bounded and decaying to zero at spacial infinity, then so are
→#
− →
−
| V | and | U # |, with bounds independent of λ.
Proof:
This is done by the same proofs as in Theorems 15, 20 of [Sm2]. See
also the errata [Sm4], that corrects the slightly scrambled elementary proof
of Theorem 15 [Sm2] and the mirror image proof of Theorem 20 [Sm2]. In
our current situation, the proofs are easier because we don’t need to prove
Condition 1) of the above theorems. Thus, we can ignore the part of the
proof involving matching data to the boundary of a small ball centered at
(t0 , x0 ) = : X0 . Note that, in expressions such as ±(△(•) )2 + αLλ (•) in
the proof of these theorems ( if 0 < α < α0 , and 0 < λ < 41 ), the effect
of adding the ”G” terms overwhelms the effect of the λ-terms in Lλ (•), so
that the existence of the sub and supersolutions is independent of such λ.
Taking the ”β”-multipliers of the ”G”-terms to have large enough
→
− →
−
absolute values, we can choose V # and U # independently of λ.
Also note that we can, at no loss of generality, choose the above
α to be positive and decaying to zero at space and/or time infinity
at any rate we wish.
Note that the regularity and boundedness estimates in the
proof are true if 0 < λ < 14 . QED

5. Eternal Existence of C 1 -viscosity solutions of the Cauchy

Problem for Lλ
Theorem 3. Let 0 < λ < 14 . Let 0 ≤ t̂ ≤ t ≤ T ≤ ∞. Let ǫ0 ∈ (0, 1). Let
−
→ →
−
DT = [t̂, T ] × R3 . Let W 0 ∈ C 2+ǫ0 (t̂ × R3 , R13 ) ∩ H 3,2 (t̂ × R13 ). Let F be as stated
→
−
in Theorem 2. Then, in DT0 , there exists a unique continuous viscosity solution V
→
− →
− →
− −
→
of Lλ ( V ) = F , with V (t̂, x) = W 0 . Moreover, the v i , i = 1, 2, 3 are actually C 1 .
Proof: Since the system eq (6) is exactly of the form to which Theorem 5 page
11 of [Sm3] applies and, by Theorem 2 of the current paper, we have such a P-
→
−
viscosity solution V . Note that v i and Υij , i, j = 1, 2, 3 are continuous and the
same arguments as in the proofs of Remark 10 page 14 [Sm3] to Theorem 11 page
16 of [Sm3]–ignoring Lemmas 3,4 and the last paragraph of Lemma 5— still hold.
In our current setting we do not need Augmented systems or the distributional
∂v i
Poincare lemma because we already have ∂x j
in the P-viscosity sense.
i
Thus, these theorems hold with our v playing the role of gµν there, and with
Υij playing the role of gµνi there. Thus, we obtain that v i , i = 1, 2, 3 is actually
C 1 . QED
→
−
Theorem 4. Under the hypothesis of Theorem 3, since | F | is bounded, then
|vi | and |Υij |, i, j = 1, 2, 3 are bounded with bounds depending only on the ”ini-
→
− →
−
tial” ( at t = t̂) data and | F |. These bounds are independent of λ. Thus, since | F |
is decaying to zero at spacial infinity, so are |vi | and |Υij |, i, j = 1, 2, 3.
→
− →
−
Proof: In fact, the bounds above are given by the bounds on V # and U #
constructed in Theorem 2. This follows by applying ( for each λ ) the comparison
principle given as Theorem 4 of [SM3]. QED
IMMORTAL SMOOTH SOLUTION OF THETHREE SPACE DIMENSIONALNAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM
5

Definition 3. Let u be Heywood’s solution given in our Theorem 1. For ∀ (t, x) ∈

[0, T0 ] × R3 , we define the vector
(14)
→
− ∂u1 (t, x) ∂ui (t, x) ∂u3 (t, x)
Υ H (t, x) : = (u1 (t, x), u2 (t, x), u3 (t, x), ,..., ,..., )
∂x1 ∂xj ∂x3
→
−
,where i, j = 1, 2, 3. The vector Υ H (t, x) is called the first prolongation of Hey-
wood’s solution.
−
→
Remark 2. For the rest of this paper, we take the W 0 in Theorem 3 to be
→ T0
−
Υ H ( 2 , x).

6. The First Spacial Difference Quotient Estimates for the

λ-Auxillary System
Let h ∈ R be fixed. Let − →
e0 , −
→
e1 , −
→
e2 , −
→
e3 be the rows of a 4 × 4 identity matrix. We
→
−
consider the spacial difference quotient system of Lλ = F H . This is, for each fixed
i = 1, 2, 3, the P-viscosity system in the sense of the introduction; corresponding
→
−
in the obvious way to the usual difference quotient system for Lλ (•) = F H , with
→
−
respect to the i-th difference generated by h ei . Note that, in this system, because
each λ is constant, the A0 and B matrices remain unchanged, but the Ai i = 1, 2, 3
matrices introduce new terms because of the v i I3×3 coefficents in these matrices.
→
−
Remark 3. Below, when producing difference quotient systems for Lλ (•) = F H
→
−
, we note that Lλ (•) = F H and all of its difference quotient systems are to be
interpeted in the P-viscosity sense, see Definitions 10-16 of [SM3]. Since lim lim
γ→0σ→0
is linear, we can take difference quotients of such systems.
For clarity of writing, for the rest of this paper-to avoid symbol clutter- , we
will write these difference quotient systems as if they were classical. equations and
suppress the γ, σ-smoothings and the limit operation, but our meaning is clear.
We have:
h − → ∂  h− →
→
−
i i
(15) Dh→ −
ei L(W (t, x)) : = A0 (t, x + h e i ) D →
−
h ei (W (t, x) +
∂t
3 h−
∂  → h − →
Ai (t, x + h−
→ →
−
X i i
ei ) Dh→
−
ei (W (t, x) + B(t, x + h e i ) (W (t, x)
i=1
∂xi
3
X ∂ − → −
→
+ ei (Aα (t, x)
Dh→
− (W (t, x)) + Dh→
ei B(t, x) • W (t, x)
−
α=0
∂xα
−→
ei (FH (t, x))
= Dh→
−
−→
We consider the system eq (15), but with the W in the boxed term of eq (15)
→
−
replaced by the V that solves the Cauchy Problem for the λ-Auxillary System eq
(6), in the domain: ( T20 , ∞) × R3 with initial data at t = T20 given by the Dh→ −
ei
→ T0
−
difference quotient of the first prolongation of Heywood’s solution Υ H ( 2 ), x).
−
→
Here: W : = (P, w1 , w2 , w3 , Ω11 , Ω12 , Ω13 , Ω21 , Ω22 , Ω23 , Ω31 , Ω32 , Ω33 )tr
Definition 4. We call the Cauchy Problem above, the Dh→
ei Cauchy problem
−
6 PENNY SMITH

Note that
i
 
ei (w (t, x)I3×3 ) 03×3
Dh→
−
(16) ei (Ai (t, x)) =
Dh→
−
03×3 03×3

(17) ei (A0 (t, x) = 0,

A→
− ei (B(t, x)) = 0
A→
−

wi (t, x + h−
→
 
e i) (same as A(t, x))
(18) Ai (t, x + h→
−
ei ) =
(same as A(t, x)) (same as A(t, x))
Here i = 1, 2, 3, and α = 0, 1, 2, 3.
Remark 4. Note that: In the boxed term in eq (15), the only nonzero terms are
of the form − → ∂
ei (v i (t, x)I3×3 ) ∂x i
(v i (t, x), because all the other ”difference quotient of
Aα ” multiplier terms vanish!
Because the inhomogeneous terms corresponding to the boxed terms in eq (15),
→
−
after the V replacement above, are merely continuous and bounded, in order for
Theorems 3 and 4 to obtain; we need to make a minor change in the definition
of Lω (•) on line 1 page 3 of [Sm3]. We do this by replacing f (t, x) there by
ψR,ω f (π1 ω, π2 ω), where π1 is projection on the time component and π2 is pro-
jection on the space components. Then, all of sections 3-6 of [Sm3] go through
as written there. In the rest of that paper all we have used about f is that it was
bounded and continous and decaying at spacial infinity. Thus, Theorems 3 and 4
obtain in our case, here in the current paper.
We now recall that in Theorems 2, 3, and 4 we have shown that v i i = 1, 2, 3 are
∂v i
C with |v i | and | ∂x
1
j
| bounded independently of λ, h, when 0 < λ < 14 and 0 < h <
T0
4 . Thus, in the Dh→ ei Cauchy problem, the inhomogeneous terms corresponding to
−
the boxed terms of eq (15) are bounded and continuous–independently of the λ, h
described just above.
We now apply the same arguments as used in the proof of Theorems 2, 3 and 4
−
→ −
→
to obtain that there exists a unique W solving the Dh→ ei Cauchy Problem with W
−
−
→
continuous, with wi in C 1 i = 1, 2, 3 and with |W | bounded independently of λ and
h as described above.
→
− →
−
But, Dh→ei ( V ), where V is given from Theorem 3 , also solves the Dh→
− −ei Cauchy
−
→ →
−
Problem. It follows that W = Dh ei ( V ).
→
−
We have shown:
−
→ →
−
Theorem 5. Let 0 < h < T40 and 0 < h < 14 . Then, W = Dh→ ei ( V ) is the unique
−
→
− →i
−
solution of the Dh→ ei Cauchy Problem, and Dh→
− ei ( V ) is continuous, Dh→
− ei ( v ) for
−
→
−
i = 1, 2, 3 are C 1 , and |Dh→ ei ( V )| is bounded independently of λ, and h, when
−
0 < λ < 41 and 0 < h < T40 .

7. The First Time Difference Quotient Estimates for λ- Auxillary

System
We now consider the parallel argument for the first time difference quotient of
−
→
the system Lλ (•) = F H . We have:
IMMORTAL SMOOTH SOLUTION OF THETHREE SPACE DIMENSIONALNAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM
7

h − → ∂  h− →
→
−
i i
(19) Dh→ e0 L(W (t, x)) : = A0 (t + h e0 , x)
− e0 (W (t, x)
Dh→
− +
∂t
3 h−
∂  → h −
→
Ai (t + h−
→ + B(t + h−
→
X i i
e0 , x) e0 (W (t, x)
Dh→
− e0 , x) (W (t, x)
i=1
∂xi
3
X ∂ − → −
→
+ e0 (Aα (t, x)
Dh→
− (W (t, x)) + Dh→ e0 B(t, x) • W (t, x)
−
α=0
∂xα
→
−
= Dh→ e0 ( F H (t, x))
−
−
→
We consider the system eq (19), but with the W in the boxed term of eq (19)
→
−
replaced by the V that solves the Cauchy Problem for the λ-Auxillary System
eq (6), in the domain: ( T20 , ∞) × R3 with initial data at t = T20 given by the
→ T0
−
Dh→e0 difference quotient of the first prolongation of Heywood’s solution Υ H ( 2 ), x).
−
Note, that these difference quotients do make use of the Heywood solution for times
T0
between T40 and 3/4 , but this is fine and by design.
Definition 5. We call the Cauchy Problem above, the Dh→
e0 Cauchy problem
−

Remark 5. Note that: In the boxed term in eq (15), the only nonzero terms are
of the form −
→ ∂
ei (v i (t, x)I3×3 ) ∂x i
(v i (t, x), because all the other ”difference quotient of
Aα ” multiplier terms vanish!
We need to make the same small changes in [Sm3] as explained in Remark 4,
for the same reason, and then Theorems 3, 4 obtain as in Remark 4.
Once again, as in section 6, we have Theorems 2, 3 and 4 that v i i = 1, 2, 3 are
∂v i
C 1 with |v i | and | ∂x j
| i, j = 1, 2, 3 are bounded independently of λ and h, when
0 < λ < 41 and 0 < h < T40 .
−
→
Thus, in eq (19), after th V replacement above, the inhomogeneous terms corre-
sponding to the boxed terms of eq (19) are bounded and continuous ,independently
of λ and h as descrived above. By essentially the same arguement as used to prove
Theorem 5 we obtain:
→
−
Theorem 6. Let 0 < h < T40 and let 0 < λ < 41 . Let V be given from Theorem
−
→ →
−
3. Then, W : = Dh→ e0 ( V ) is the unique solution of the Dh→
− e0 Cauchy problem. We
−
→
− →i
− 1 →
−
have that Dh→e0 ( V ) is continuous, Dh→
− e0 ( v ) for i = 1, 2, 3 is C , and |Dh→
− e0 ( V )| is
−
T
bounded independently of λ and h; when 0 < λ < 41 and 0 < h < 40 .
Remark 6. Note that Theorem 5 and Theorem 6 also gve bounds on the absolute
values of the first space and time difference quotients of the pressure ( which- in
→
−
our notation- is the first component of V ).
We have also shown:
→
−
Corollary 1. Let 0 < λ < 14 , and let 0 < h < T40 . Let V be the P-viscosity solution
of the initial value problem (at t̂ = T20 ) for the λ- Auxillary System given by Theorem
∂v i
3. Then, all first order difference quotients ( in space and time) of Υij = ∂x j
for
i, j = 1, 2, 3 are continuous and bounded ( in pointwise norm) independently of λ
and h as above.
8 PENNY SMITH

8. Arbitrary Order Difference Quotient Estimates of the

λ-Auxillary System
By direct elementary calculation and induction of the arguments in the proofs
of Theorems 5, 6 and Corollary 1, we now obtain:
→
−
Theorem 7. Let 0 < λ < 14 and let 0 < h < T40 . Let V be the solution of the
initial value problem (at t̂ = T20 ) for the λ- Auxillary System given by Theorem
→
− →
− →
−
3 with F = F H . Then, all the difference quotients of V of all orders in space
and time ( including the mixed orders) are continuous and have bounded pointwise
norms independently of λ and h as above.
Remark 7. In the proof of Theorem 7, we have used the appropriate difference
quotients for ΥH (t, x) at t̂ = T20 to give ”initial” data at t̂ = T20 .
Remark 8. Of course, these bounds are different for each order of difference quo-
→
−
tient, but they depend only on the initial data at t̂ = T20 , and on F H , and thus–
recalling Theorem 1 –on the smooth initial data and force function of Theorem 1.
Remark 9. Note that we have made use of the special structure of the λ- auxil-
liary system, and of its differential quotient systems using inductive pointwise norm
bounds similar to those of Corollary 1 at each inductive step beyond the first step.

9. Existence of an immortal C ∞ solution for the Navier-Stokes

System
Theorem 8. Under the hypothesis of Theorem 1, with f = 0 there exists a C ∞
classical solution denoted by u, p of the Cauchy Problem, in [0, ∞) × R3 , for the
Navier-Stokes System: eqs (1), (2) with initial data u0 at t = 0. For this solution
3
∞
R
u, p ∈ C ([, ∞) × R ) and R |u(t, x)| dx ≤ C ∀t≥0 .
Proof: We now take the limit as h ↓ 0, and λ ↓ 0 of the P-viscosity solutions
−
→ →
− →
−
V of Theorem 3 with F = F H . and their h-difference quotients of all orders,
and mixed orders, in space and time that were given and bounded in Theorems 4-7
(including Corollary 1). It follows, in a standard fashion, from the continuity and
bounds ( on compact sets forming an exhausting sequence of sets of [ T20 , ∞) × R3
, Arzela-Ascoli’s theorem, and a diagonal argument, that a subsequence of these
→
− →
−
difference quotients and solutions V given by Theorem 3 ( note that V depends on
λ) converges as λn ↓ 0 and hn ↓ 0 to C ∞ limits on [ T20 , ∞) × R3 . This convergence
is uniform on each of the compact exhausting sets. Denote the limit of the sequence
→
− →
− →
−
of V solutions given by Theorem 3 by the boldface symbol: V . We have that V is a
classical solution–and hence a-fortiori a P-solution of of the IVP given in Theorem
3.
However, by the uniqueness theorem for the Cauchy problem for P-Viscosity
solutions ( compare Theorems 3, 5, 6) given in [Sm1-4]–which essentially follows
from the Comparison theorem for P- Sub and Supersolutions–because a P-solution
is both a P-Subsolution and a P-supersolution– , we see that these limit functions
→
− →
−
are equal to the appropriate difference quotients of V . Thus V is C ∞ , and is a
T0
classical solution of eqs (1) (2) with υ = 1 on [ 2 , ∞) × R3 .
Note that the derivatives in time and space ( including the zeroth order deriv-
→
−
ative) of this solution V match (at t̂ = T20 the corresponding derivatives of the
Heywood local solution given in Theorem 1.
IMMORTAL SMOOTH SOLUTION OF THETHREE SPACE DIMENSIONALNAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM
9

We call denote this matched solution of the Navier-Stokes equations (with υ = 1

) eqs (1) (2) onR[0, ∞) × R3 by u, p. Here, ui : = v i when t ≥ T20 . When 0 ≤ T20
the condition: R |u(t, x)| dx ≤ C follows from Theorem 1, i.e. [H]. When t >
T0
0 this integral condition follows from the bounds of Theorems 3,4 , which were
independent of λ, h with 0 < λ < 14 and 0 < h < T40 . Hence, the integral condition
is preserved at the limit of the sequence and hence is true for u, p. We now recall
that by the transformation of eq (3) (4), we can replace υ = 1 by any positive υ.
QED
By now the following Corollary trivially follows from all the above:
Corollary 2. Statement (A) page 2 of [F] is true.
Proof: The hypothesis of the his statement are covered by the hypothesis of
Theorem 8.

10. references
F C.L. Fefferman, Existence and Smoothness of the Navier-Stokes Equation,
at: http://www.claymath.org/millenium/
Navier-Stokes Equations/navierstokes.pdf

H J.G. Heywood, The Navier-Stokes Equations: On the Existence, Regularity,

and decay of Solutions, Indiana University Mathematics Journal, vol. 29.
no. 5 (1980) 639-681
Sm1 P.Smith, Perron’s method for Quasilinear hyperbolic systems, Part I, J.
Math. Anal. Appl. 316 (2006) 357-368

Sm2 Perron’s Method for Quasilinear hyperbolic systems, Part II, J. Math.
Anal. Appl. 316 (2006) 483 -494

Sm3 P.Smith Perron’s method for general quasilinear hyperbolic systems and
immortal C 1 -viscosity solutions for the Einstein-Cauchy Problem, Part I,
J. Math. Anal. App. (2006), To Appear

Sm4 Corrigendum to ”Perron’s method for quasilinear hyperbolic systems, Part

II” J. Math. Anal. Appl. (2006), To Appear

Sm5 P.Smith Perron’s method for general quasilinear hyperbolic systems and
immortal C 1 -viscosity solutions for the Einstein-Cauchy Problem, Part II,
J. Math. Anal. App. (2006), To Appear
Math Department Lehigh University
E-mail address: PS02@Lehigh.edu