111Equation Chapter 1 Section 1

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Môn học: Động cơ và bộ dẫn tiến (213716)
Chương 2: A review of basic laws for a compressible flow

Nhóm: 02
Danh sách thành viên:
Lê Giang Vũ 1714013
Lê Quỳnh Nhu 1712527
Học kỳ: HK202
Giảng viên: TS. Trần Tiến Anh
Ngày nộp: 22/03/2020

BÀI LÀM
2.2. Describe probe-and-drouge air-to-air refueling system
Solution:

The receiver aircraft—the one that needs gas—approaches the tanker from behind and, once it’s
within 100 feet or so, slows down so that both planes are flying at the same speed. (For fighter
planes, that’s usually around 300 knots; for larger planes, it’s slower.)

The probe-and-drogue refueling method employs a flexible hose that trails from the tanker
aircraft. The drogue (or para-drogue), sometimes called a basket, is a fitting resembling a
shuttlecock, attached at its narrow end (like the "cork" nose of a shuttlecock) with a valve to a
flexible hose. The drogue stabilizes the hose in flight and provides a funnel to aid insertion of the
receiver aircraft probe into the hose. The hose connects to a Hose Drum Unit (HDU). When not
in use, the hose/drogue is reeled completely into the HDU. The receiver has a probe, which is a
rigid, protruding or pivoted retractable arm placed on the aircraft's nose or fuselage to make the
connection. Most modern versions of the probe are usually designed to be retractable, and are
retracted when not in use, particularly on high speed aircraft
At the end of the probe is a valve that is closed until it mates with the drogue's forward internal
receptacle, after which it opens and allows fuel to pass from tanker to receiver

1.2 Tornado GR4 refueling from the drogue of an RAF VC10-tanker as shown in
figure Problem 2.4 at the rate of 600 gal/min of fuel having a specific gravity of 0.75.
The inside diameter of hose is 0.14m. The fluid pressure at the entrance of the
fighter plane is 40 kPa gage. What additional thrust does the plane need to develop
to maintain the constant velocity it had before the hookup?
Solution:

Consider a control volume starting from the probe to the fuel tank. This is an inertial control
volume with the positive x-direction parallel to aircraft flight direction.
Thus the linear momentum equation in the x-direction is

212\* MERGEFORMAT (.)

where Fx is the force in the x-direction. Since a steady flow is assumed in refueling process, then

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which is rewritten as:

414\* MERGEFORMAT
(.)
where Tx is the needed additional thrust and the velocity of fuel flow into the probe is Vx. Since

515\*
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The additional thrust is then

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 616\*
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