KINEMATICS

Kinematics

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Distance Displacement

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Route Distance Displacement

A to B
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A to C
A to D
A to E
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 KINEMATICS
Speed Velocity
Definition Definition

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SI unit SI unit

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Quantity Quantity

Explanation Explanation

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Formula Formula

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Positive and negative signs ______________________________________________________

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Acceleration
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A body is said to be accelerating when

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2. ________________________________________________________________________
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Speed-time Graphs
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In a speed-time graph, the significance of these characteristics is as under.

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1. X-axis:
2. Y-axis:
3. Gradient:
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4. Area under the graph:

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1. Object at rest

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Gradient: ____________________________

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Acceleration: _________________________
Understanding: _______________________

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2. Object at a constant speed
Gradient: ____________________________
Acceleration: _________________________
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Understanding: _______________________
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3. Object in uniform/constant acceleration (increasing speed)

Gradient: ____________________________
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Acceleration: _________________________
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Understanding: _______________________
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4. Object in uniform/constant deceleration (decreasing speed)
Gradient: ______________________________
Acceleration: ___________________________

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Understanding: _________________________

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5. Object in (non-uniform) increasing acceleration
Gradient: ______________________________
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Acceleration: ___________________________
Understanding: _________________________
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6. Object in (non-uniform) decreasing acceleration

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Gradient: ______________________________
Acceleration: ___________________________
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Understanding: _________________________
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7. Object in (non-uniform) increasing deceleration
Gradient: ______________________________
Acceleration: ___________________________

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Understanding: _________________________

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8. Object in (non-uniform) decreasing deceleration
Gradient: ______________________________
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Acceleration: ___________________________
Understanding: _________________________
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Explanation of combined graphs

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• 0s to 10s: _______________________

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• 10s to 30s: ______________________
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• 30s onwards: ____________________________________________________________

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0s to 10s: ________________________
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• 10s to 30s: _______________________
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• 30s onwards: ____________________________________________________________

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• Segment 1: ______________________________________________________________

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• Segment 2: ______________________________________________________________
• Segment 3: ______________________________________________________________

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• Segment 4: ______________________________________________________________
• Segment 5: ______________________________________________________________

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Segment 6: ______________________________________________________________
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Calculations from speed time graph

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Time Interval Acceleration Displacement

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0s to 4s

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4s to 14s
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14s to 16s
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0s to 16s 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

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𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
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Estimation of Area under graph

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When calculating area under a curve, estimation needs to be done.

1. Draw a line in a such a way that sh

𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒍𝒆𝒇𝒕 𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒅 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒂 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒅
2. Now calculate the area under that new graph.
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Calculating gradient at a point on a curve
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Draw a tangent at that point and then determine the gradient of the line.
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Distance-time Graphs

Distance time graphs represent the distance covered by a body during its motion with time. Its

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characteristics are different from that of a speed time graph.

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In a distance-time graph, the significance of these characteristics is as under.

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1. X-axis: _______________________________
2. Y-axis: _______________________________
3. Gradient: _____________________________

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4. Area under the graph: __________________
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1. Object at rest
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Gradient: _____________________________
Speed: _______________________________
Understanding: ________________________
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2. Object in uniform speed (forward)
Gradient: _____________________________
Speed: _______________________________

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Understanding: ________________________

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3. Object in increasing speed (forward)
Gradient: _____________________________
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Speed: _______________________________
Understanding: ________________________
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4. Object in decreasing speed (forward)

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Gradient: _____________________________
Speed: _______________________________
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Understanding: ________________________
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Explanation of combined graph
Whatever happens to gradient, happens to speed in a distance-time graph

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• 0s to 5s: _________________________________________________________________
• 5s to 7s: _________________________________________________________________
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• 7s to 12s: ________________________________________________________________
• 12s to 15s: _______________________________________________________________
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• 15s to 17s: _______________________________________________________________
• 17s to 20s: _______________________________________________________________
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 KINEMATICS
Calculations from a distance time graph

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Time interval Speed
0s to 10s

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10s to 15s
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15s to 25s
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Freefall

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Freefall in classified in two types:

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2. ______________________________________

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Freefall with air resistance
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Freefall without air resistance

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Freefall without Air Resistance

Speed-time Graph
sh Distance-time Graph
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Freefall with Air Resistance

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Speed-time Graph Distance-time Graph

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