ĐỒNG NGHĨA, TRÁI NGHĨA

III. Mark the letter A. B. C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
1. Mass tourism has contributed to the destruction of the environment.
A. organization B. structure C. construction D. devastation
2. A lot of waste from hotels and vehicles is also discharged into the water and air.
A. discussed B. collected C. released D. treated
3. Tourists enjoy the beauty of wildlife without harming it.
A. fostering B. damaging C. protecting D. preserving
4. To entertain tourists, we have to change our usual foods to suit their tastes or adaptdances and traditions to suit
their needs.
A. satisfy B. enjoy C. attract D. persuade
5. Ecotourism can be beneficial to local people.
A. bad B. good C. different D. meaningless
6. To build hotels, people destroy forests.
A. re-plant B. grow C. wipe out D. protect
7. Ecotourism helps tourists learn how to protect the environment.
A. damage B. change C. adapt D. save
8. Our country's natural and cultural potential for ecotourism is well known.
A. possibility for failure B. possibility for victory
C. possibility for loss D. possibility for achievement
9. Eco tours in our country involve mainly travel to natural places.
A. primarily B. basically C. initially D. roughly
10. Their activities are not based on the ecotourism principles.
A. principals B. rules C. criteria D. points
11. If tourists throw rubbish or break tree branches, they are heavily fined.
A. advanced B. compensated C. penalized in money D. awarded in money
12. Ecotourism activities have had some negative impacts on the environment and peoplein the area.
A. influences B. factors C. criteria D. stimuli
13. The worst impact is the massive loss of land.
A. minimal B. tiny C. heavy D. acceptable
14. Ecotourism needs to recruit better educated people, so it won't provide more jobs forthe local people.
A. reduce B. offer C. wipe out D. add
15. If tourists leave litter after the picnic, they may cause pollution.
A. drop B. depart C. escape D. disappear
16. Making a campfire requires cutting down trees for firewood.
A. demands B. fosters C. encourages D. prevents
17. Campfires may cause forest fires if they are unattended.
A. focused B. neglected C. looked after D. watched
18. Hunting animals may lead to their extinction.
A. reduction B. imprisonment C. death D. survival
19. Ecotourism is making animals bolder and become less cautious about other animals. A. careful
B. careless C. reckless D. foolish
20. If animals become less careful about other animals, they are at risk of being attackedby their natural predators.
A. helped B. harmed C. protected D. saved
21. You can see different kinds of rare animals in this park.
A. priceless B. half-cooked C. unlimited D. limited
22. If you book tickets early, you can get a discount.
A. award B. prize C. deduction D. bonus
23. A sustainable forest is a forest where trees that are cut are replanted and the wildlife is protected.
A. pre-tested B. preserved C. reserved D. protested
24. Cuting down trees or hunting wild animals may upset the ecological balance of an area. A. strengthen
B. motivate C. comfort D. disturb
25. Mass tourism may cause numerous problems.
A. bring in B. bring up C. bring about D. bring away
26. I am very much interested in learning more about ecotourism and its benefits.
A. problems B. advantages C. dangers D. issues
27. Ecotourism means travel to areas of natural or ecological interest to observe wildlife and learn about the
environment.
A. look at B. look up C. look into D. look down
28. We need to cut down on the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. intake B. retake C. uptake D. discharge
29. Land erosion is mainly caused by widespread deforestation.
A. afforestation B. reforestation C. logging D. lawn mowing
30. In the past, a lot of countries denied having contributed to global warming.
A. agreed B. refuted C. approved D. avoided
31. Most people admit that they contribute to global warming.
A. be partly responsible for B. disapprove C. neglect D. cause
32. We must admit that people are heavily polluting the environment.
A. decline B. rebut C. deny D. accept
33. In the polluted environment, infectious diseases can be passed easily from one person to another.
A. fatal B. safe C. contagious D. immune
34. Global warming has severe impact on water supplies.
A. very good B. very bad C. normal D. long-lasting
35. Global warming occurs when the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the heat from the sun.
A. catch B. discharge C. dispose D. release
36. Such unhygienic conditions encourage the spread of diseases.
A. decline B. stability C. decrease D. increase
37. Deforestation is one of the biggest environmental threats to the ecological balance in the world.
A. sureties B. certainties C. dangers D. safety
38. As fossil fuel resources are running out, it is important for the government to find some types of alternative
energy.
A. irreplaceable B. substitute C. impossible D. practical
39. Local people have cut down the forests to make way for farming.
A. allow farming to take place B. lose way in farming
C. have a way of farming D. give way to farming
40. Because farmers had been informed about the bad effects of chemical fertilisers, they started using them
sparingly on their farms.
A. carelessly B. moderately C. recklessly D. irresponsibly
41. Global warming is one of the biggest issues facing humans nowadays.
A. causes B. factors C. concerns D. agreements
42. The biggest cause of global warming is carbon dioxide emissions from coal burning power plants.
A. fauna B. flora C. trees D. factories
43. Global warming effects on people and nature are catastrophic.
A. destructive B. constructive C. evaluative D. creative
44. Coal burning releases a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. discourages B. reduces C. relaxes D. discharges
45. The demand for cars is increasing rapidly in the modern world.
A. need B. offer C . reply D. discovery
46. Forests absorb and capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A. take up B. take in C. take over D. take to
47. The process of forests absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere has been disrupted by the current
alarming rate of deforestation.
A. discussed B. discovered C. disturbed D. distributed
48. Flood and drought are two major causes of famine.
A. family B. obesity C. hygiene D. hunger
49. Water shortages are likely to delay economic growth and damage ecosystems.
A. aid B. advance C. deter D. defer
50. 33. It is important to maintain the biological diversity of the rainforests.
A. similarity B. identity C. variety D. compatibility
51. We may help if we cut down on energy use by using LED lightbulbs and unplug unused electronic devices.
A. reuse B. reduce C. recycle D. reproduce
52. Reusing and recycling glass, plastic, paper and other products help to reduce waste and pollution, and conserve
natural resources.
A. preserve B. reserve C. converse D. reverse
53. The thick layer of global warming gases keeps more heat from the sun, which leads to the increase in the earth
temperature.
A. catches B. releases C. allows D. loses
54. Global warming results in climate change and extreme weather patterns.
A. results from B. causes C. originates D. is due to
55. Our city is going to ban supermarkets from using plastic bags.
A. reduce B. encourage C. prohibit D. allow
56. Many species are threatened with extinction due to deforestation and loss of habitat.
57. A. damaged B. spoilt C. treated D. endangered
58. It is important to raise money to help people who have to suffer consequences of global warming.
A. collect B. donate C. sponsor D. contribute
59. Everyone should remember to switch off the lights before going out.
A. go off B. turn off C. take off D. log off
60. We may help to control global warming by reducing carbon footprints in our homes.
A. putting up with B. getting down to C. cutting down on D. going back to
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each
of the following questions.
1. Cutting down on energy use is the best way to help reduce global warming.
A. Shrinking B. Declining C. Decreasing D. Increasing
2. We should grow more trees so that they can absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A. emit B. take in C. consume D . cut off
3. Releasing too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere can lead to global warming.
A. result in B. result from C. cause D. activate
4. Farmers turned to bio-fertilisers after they had been told about the dangers of chemical fertilisers.
A. trusted B. disbelieved C. counted on D. depended on
5. The factory owner denied having said that he should take responsibility for the damage that his factory caused to
the surrounding environment.
A. refuted B. rejected C. opposed D. accepted
6. Some scientists are accused of not having reported the effects of climate change.
A. exonerated B. blamed C. charged D. complained
7. They were criticised for having acted irresponsibly towards the environment.
A. blamed B. commended C. condemned D. denounced
8. The factory was fined for having dumped a huge amount of rubbish into the river.
A. penalised B. levied C. compensated D. punished
9. The United Nations has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable
practices in this growing industry.
A. favour B. raise C. boost D. delay
10."Green" tourists or "eco-tourists" are upset by the effects of mass tourism.
A. tense B. troubled C. nervous D. relaxed
11.Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus.
A.  large  quantity       B.  small  quantity      C.   excess       D. sufficiency
12.Unless the two signatures are identical,  the bank won’t honor the check.
A.   similar      B.   different   C.   fake          D. Genuine