Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Piping Design &

Applications Workshop
Part B

Don Frikken – Becht Engineering Company

Valve Selection
¾ Gate
¾ Globe
¾ Check
Selection by Valve Type ¾ Butterfly
¾ Ball
¾ Plug
¾ Pinch
¾ Diaphragm

B-2

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Gate
Valve
From
API 603

B-3

Gate Bolted

Valve
Welded
Bonnets

From
Bonney
Stockham Screwed
Milwaukee
Union

B-4

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Gate
Valve
Bonnets

Pressure Seal Body to Bonnet Joint

B-5

Gate
Valve
Stems

From
Stockham

Outside Screw Inside Screw

and Yoke (OS&Y) Non-rising Stem
B-6

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Gate Valve Discs

B-7

Extended Body Gate Valve

From Vogt

B-8

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Knife Gate Valves

MSS-SP-81

Typical
Nomenclature

B-9

Knife Gate
Valves

Seat Designs

B-10

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Gate Valve Attributes

¾ On-Off Applications
¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions
¾ Can be made fire resistant and blow-out
resistant
¾ Available in any size
¾ Blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Almost always leaks through the seat

B-11

Globe
Valve
From
Vogt

B-12

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Globe Valve

Angle Globe Y-Pattern Globe

(Vogt) (Vogt)

Straight-pattern Globe
with Pressure-seal
Bonnet (Ramondi)
B-13

Needle
Instrument
Valve
MSS-SP-105

From Vogt

B-14

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Globe Valve Attributes

¾ Flow Control-Throttle Flow
¾ Works best with flow from one direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions
¾ Can be made fire resistant and blow-out resistant
¾ Available in sizes up to about NPS 14
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Almost always leaks through the seat, but less
than a gate valve

B-15

Check Valve
Swing
(Ramondi)

Dual-Plate
Wafer
(API 594)
Lift
(Vogt)

Centerline
Guided
Disk
(Durabla)
B-16

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Dual-Plate Wafer Check Valves

Lug Body Wafer (API 594)

Wafer & Lug Bodies (Mueller)

B-17

Check Valve Attributes

¾ Works only with flow from one direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions
¾ Can be made fire resistant and blow-out
resistant
¾ Available in any size
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is
closed
¾ Almost always leaks through the seat, but
much more than a gate valve
B-18

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Check Valve Attributes

¾ Check valves check about 95% of the time
¾ Check valves can close suddenly when the flow is
reversed, causing severe water hammer

Valve Type Slam Characteristics

Swing Severe (improved with weight or spring)
Lift Severe (improved with spring return)
Wafer Good
C/L Disk Best of those described

B-19

Types vs. P/T Ratings

Gate, Globe & Check Valves
• P-T ratings are usually
limited by the valve body

Quarter-Turn Valves
• P-T ratings are usually
limited by the seat

B-20

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Types vs. Manufacturers

Gate, Globe & Check Valves
• If a manufacturer makes one
type, they usually make the
other types

Quarter-Turn Valves
• If a manufacturer makes
one type, they frequently
do not make the other
types
B-21

Butterfly
Valve –
Low
Pressure
From
API 609
Category A

B-22

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Butterfly Valve – Low Pressure

¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use up to ~200°F (95°C), 150 psig (10
bar)
¾ Cannot be made fire resistant or blow-out
resistant
¾ Generally available NPS 3 and larger
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Usually does not leak through the seat
¾ Can be PTFE Lined

B-23

Butterfly Valve – High Pressure

From API 609 - Category B

B-24

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Butterfly Valve – High Pressure

Valve Seats
PTFE Seat
(Xomox)

Fire
Resistant
Seat
(Contromatics)

Fire
Resistant
Seat
(Xomox)
B-25

Butterfly Valve – High Pressure

Stem
To
Disk
Attachment

Double
Through (2-piece)
Stem Stem
Keyed to Pinned to
Disk Disk
(Contromatics) (Contromatics)

B-26

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Butterfly Valve – High Pressure

¾ Generally works as well with flow from either
direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions, but
PTFE seats limited to ~400°F (200°C)
¾ Can be made fire resistant and blow-out resistant
¾ Generally available NPS 3 and larger
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Usually does not leak through the seat

B-27

Ball
Valve
From
API 608

Floating
Ball,
End
Entry
B-28

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Ball
Valve
From
API 608

Trunnion
Mounted,
Two
Piece
B-29

Ball Valve

End Entry Two Piece

Oval Handle Lever Handle
(Contromatics) (Contromatics)

B-30

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Ball Valve

Top Entry Three Piece (Swing-out)

(Contromatics)

B-31

Ball Valve Attributes

¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions,
but PTFE seats limited to ~400 °F (200°C)
¾ Can be made fire resistant and blow-out
resistant
¾ Available in any size
¾ Blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Usually does not leak through the seat

B-32

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Plug Valve
From API 599
Lubricated

Sleeve Lined

B-33

Plug Valve
Fully Lined

(Durco) API 599

B-34

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Plug Valve Attributes

¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use in wide range of conditions,
but PTFE seats limited to ~400 °F (200°C)
¾ Can be made fire resistant (only lubricated
type) and blow-out resistant
¾ Generally available up to ~NPS 12
¾ Blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Usually does not leak through the seat

B-35

Pinch Valve

(Red Valve) (Resistoflex)

B-36

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Pinch Valve Attributes

¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use up to 200 to 300°F (95 to 150°C)
¾ Cannot be made fire resistant or blow-out
resistant
¾ Generally available up to NPS 12
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Almost never leaks through the seat
¾ Great choice for abrasive slurries

B-37

Diaphragm Valve Weir Type

(Saunders) Fully Lined (Resistoflex)

B-38

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Diaphragm Valve Straight Way Type

(Saunders) (Tecofi)

B-39

Diaphragm Valve Attributes

¾ Works as well with flow from either direction
¾ Suitable for use up to 200 to 300°F (95 to 150°C)
¾ Cannot be made fire resistant or blow-out resistant
¾ Generally available up to NPS 12
¾ No blocked-in volume when the valve is closed
¾ Almost never leaks through the seat
¾ Commonly used for sanitary service

B-40

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Piping Design & Applications Workshop

Valve Selection Workshop

What valve attributes and valve types would
you select for the following services:
¾ Steam condensate
¾ Sulfuric acid
¾ Gasoline
¾ 650 psig (45 bar) Steam
¾ Heat transfer oil
¾ Styrene monomer
¾ Lime/water slurry
See Supplement page 38 for details.
B-41

Valve Installation Workshop

Which way should globe valves and ball
valves with holes drilled in the ball be
installed?

See Supplement page 39 for details.

B-42

Rev 9-4-03