Workshop Practice Lab Manual

Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Experiment No: 4 Date:

Tools

Objective: Illustrate the knowledge of different tools used in workshop lab and explain their
working.

Apparatus:

Theory:
A basic hand tool is any tool that is not a power tool – that is, one powered by hand (manual labor)
rather than by an engine. Some examples of hand tools are hammers, spanners, pliers, screwdrivers,
and chisels. Hand tools are generally less dangerous than power tools.

Advantages of Basic Hand Tools

• Hand tools offer the advantage of precision.
• Fine carving and detailed work such as cabinetry, building of musical instruments and decorative
work requires minute control over a tool that is sometimes
easier with hand tools.
• Hand tools also always work. You require no power, fuel or air pressure and can utilize the tool at
the smaller and more compact nature of hand tools compared to power tools makes them easier and
lighter to transport any time as well.

Disadvantages of Basic Hand Tools

• The primary disadvantage of hand tools is the time that it takes to complete simple tasks.
• Hammering shingles into a roof by hand, for instance, takes much more time than nailing down
shingles with an air-nailer.
• Industrial woodworking companies could never meet demand with handsaws.
• Also, more skill is required to use hand tools than most power tools.
• Making a clean and straight cut using a handsaw is much more difficult than when using a tool
like a table saw with guides and a high cutting speed.

Hammer: Hammers are often designed for a specific purpose and vary in
their shape and structure. The term hammer is also used for some devices that are designed to
deliver blows. The usual features are a handle and a head, with most of the weight in the head.
Different types of hammers are available such as cross- peen hammer, Ball-peen hammer, Claw
hammer.
 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Way to use?
Cross- peen hammer:

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Ball peen Hammer

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Claw Hammer:

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Diagrams:

Nail Set: Tool used to drive nail heads below the surface.

Way to use?

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 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Diagram

Hand Saw:
In woodworking and carpentry, hand saws, also known as "panel saws", are used to cut pieces
of wood into different shapes. This is usually done in order to join the pieces together and carve a
wooden object. Materials for saw blades are mostly bronze and steel.
The two main types of saw teeth are: the cross cut saw teeth and the rip saw teeth.

Way to use?
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Cross Cut Saw:

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Rip saws:

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Diagram

Files: Files are used to remove a small amount of material from a work face surface.
 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Hand File:

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Diagram

Flat File:
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Diagram

Half Round:

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Diagram
 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Mill files:

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Diagram

Round files

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Diagram

Square files:

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Diagram

Rasp Files:

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 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Diagram

Uses: Files can be used in Wood working, metal working and with plastics to create clean edges,
remove burs and other imperfections, smooth sharp edges and remove excess material in small
amounts. Files have different types of rasps and “patterns” on their surface. These are used for
better gripping on a material or for causing a courser or finer grind on the material you are working.

Wood Chisel: A woodworking tool for cutting, shaping, or smoothing wood

Way to use?

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Diagram

Screwdriver: Hand-tool for turning (driving) screws and sometimes bolts or other machine
elements with a mating drive system.

Way to use?

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 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Diagram

Level: A tool with an indicator that establishes the horizontal or vertical, when a bubble is
centered in a tube of liquid.

Way to use?

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Diagram

Spanner: A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in
applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or keep them
from turning. The most common shapes are called open-ended spanner and ring spanner.

Way to use?

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Diagram
 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Scraper: A tool used for removing material from a surface.

Way to use?

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Diagram

Plier: Pliers are a hand tool used to hold objects firmly.

Way to use?

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Diagram

Tube cutter: A tube cutter is a tool which allows the user to cut through plastic tubing, often
used by electricians and plumbers. They are available in several different styles, but all have a sharp
blade which slices through the tubing. There are several different models of tube cutter from
ratcheting tube cutters to motor powered tube cutters.
Diagram
 Workshop Practice Lab Manual
Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan.

Result:

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Viva:

1.

2.

Evaluation:

Experimental CLO/PLO Based Evaluation Chart

CLO#01/PLO#01 CLO#02/PLO#5 CLO#03/PLO#9

(Cognitive) (Psychomotor) (Affective)

Theory Procedure Diagrams Self Result Viva

Assessment/
(2) (2) (2) Exercise (1) (1)
(2)

Total= Total= Total=

Instructor: Engr. Farah

Signature: ________________