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Data Mining Techniques for Weather Forecasting

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 Data Mining Techniques for Weather Forecasting

Biang R, Laim Y

ABSTRACT

In order to predict future weather conditions accurately, it is essential to

leverage the variations observed in past years. While the probability of an
exact match between the weather conditions of a specific day in the present
and the same day in the previous year is relatively low, the probability of a
similar weather pattern occurring within an adjacent fortnight is significantly
higher. In this research paper, we explore the application of various data
mining techniques in forecasting maximum temperature, rainfall, and wind
speed. By harnessing the power of data mining, we aim to improve the
accuracy of weather predictions in these specific areas. Through careful
analysis and evaluation, we examine the effectiveness of different data mining
approaches, considering factors such as historical weather data, patterns, and
trends. By utilizing advanced data mining algorithms, we strive to extract
meaningful insights and patterns that can contribute to more reliable weather
forecasts. The outcome of this study holds great potential in enhancing our
understanding and prediction of weather conditions, thereby enabling
individuals and organizations to make informed decisions and plans. By
leveraging the power of data mining techniques, we aim to unlock valuable
insights that can significantly improve our ability to forecast maximum
temperature, rainfall, and wind speed accurately.

Keywords : Forecasting, Data Mining TechniquesP,robability, Prediction

I. INTRODUCTION direction. Variations in these parameters dcersibe

weather the state of the atmosphere at a particular
We are always with or around a weather forecast; we time.
always carry it with us and never want to be away
from it. On average, we might encountetrhis about Weather forecasting has become an important field of
four-five times a day: newsbulletin, newspaper, research and has always been done since the ancient
tweets, conversation, TV, mobileapps,internet, etc. time. There are a variety of end users to weather
weather forecasting is one of the most prominent forecasts. Weather warnings are imptoarnt forecasts

over a long time. It is a kind ofscientific activity, Forecasts based on temperature and precipitation are
contributing to the social and economic welfare in important to agriculture, Weather forecasts are also
many sections of the world. People can also know used by utility companies to estimate demand over
and be aware of atmospheric changes through coming days. It provides criticalinformation about
variables such as temperature, wind speed andfuture weather, some of them are climate monitoring,
planning in energy industry. Accurate prediction of create assumption as area uniim
t plicit in a lot of
weather conditions is a difficult task due to the ancient applied mathapproaches.
dynamic nature of atmosphere. Out of those
variables, one found that the most snigificant are Vamsithar , Rao and Satayapati ustehe back
being selected to be involved in the process of propagation neural network model forpredicting the
prediction. The variables and their ranges always downfall supported humidness , dewpoint and
vary from place to place. The weather condition of pressure among the country Asian country . Tw- o
any day has some relationship with the weather Third of the information was used for coaching and
condition existed in the same tenure of preciosuyear common fraction fortesting. the quantity of coaching
and previous work. job patterns is 250 coaching and testing patterns
are120. among the coaching they obtained99.79% of
II. LITERATURE SURVEY accuracy and in Testing 94.28% of accuracy.

On a worldwide scale giant numbers of makes an This result will predict the downfall for the future.
attempt have been created by completely different For downfall prediction, Artificial Neural Network
researchers to forecast Weather accurately was applied and also the downfall wapsredicted in
victimization numerous techniques however due to India. in keeping with the result back propagation
nonlinear nature of Weather prediction accuracy neural network were acceptably and may be use for
obtained by thesetechniques remains below the predicting the rainfall. therefore, by exploitation this
satisfactory level. technique of predictionwe can realize the quantity of
downfall within the region by exploitation the
Sarma , Konwar and Das shows that ArtificiaNleural attributes like humidness, dew point and pressure.
Network (ANN) can also combnied with different Luk, Ball and Sharmadelineated that thanks to
ways . A neural network model forrainfall retrieval complexity of the region processes bywhich
over ocean remotely detectedmicrowave (MW) downfall is generated and also the lack a
ovf ailable of
brightness temperature (BT).They projected soft information on the mandatory temporal andspatial
computing approach for rainfall prate over ocean scales, it's not possible usually tfoorecast downfall
victimization on-line feature selection , clustering , employing a physically based mostly methom
dodel.
and hybrid neuralnetwork
TV Rajinikanth et al. has projected m a ethodology for
F. Mekanik and M. A. Imteaz found that downfallis analyzing the scientific discipline informationthat is
also affected by the key modes of complicatedclimate noticeably suite especially to theIndian weather
variables.Few makes an attempt area unit createtod environments exploitation information mining
establish the combined result of these indiceosn techniques. The connected information isgrouped
downfall therefore on develop a much basing on k suggests that algorithmic rul,ea decision
better understanding in forecast systemA
. rtificial tree is employed for predicting the observations.
neural network area unit extensively
used in recently numerous facet of science and
engineering because of its handiness to modbeolth
linear and system while not theneed to assumption
 III. IMPLEMENTATION

S.NO Research Author Major Advantages Disadvantages

Paper Focus
1 The Weather ZhanJieWang Paper proposes a modern The weather Wind speed
Forecast using and A. B. M. method to develop a forecasting and
Data Mining Mazharul Mujib service oriented algorithm is temperature
Research based architecture for the used to value displayed
on Cloud weather information predict the simulation
Computing systems which forecast weather for result, but it
weather using these data several days can be more
mining techniques. exact while
using more
data inputs

2 An efficient Dr. S. Santhosh The approach is to predic The The

weather Baboo and the temperature by application application is
forecasting I.Kadar determining the non- is able to good in
system using Shereef linear relationship that predict the predicting the
artificial neural exists between the temperature temperature
network historical data supplied to in present only not the
the system and in future others
parameter

3 Research on Zeyi Chao, The developedautomatic The MEMS sensors

Real-Time Local Fangling Pu, meteorological stations application suffer from
Rainfall Yuke Yin, based on MEMS sensors is capable of stochastic error
Prediction Bin Han, Xiaoling can provide high time predicting which can lead
Based on MEMS Chen resolution and spatial Rainfall for to inaccurate
Sensors resolution in monitoring particular prediction
Rainfall area

4 Application of Meng-Hua Yen, The purpose is to develop The Some of the

the deep Ding-Wei liu, Yi - a forecasting model of application parameter lead
learning for Chia Hsin, Chu- Rainfall using RC to is able to to irrelevant
prediction of En Lin investigate possible predict the prediction
the Rainfall factors ingoverning rainfall
Rainfall Forecast
5 SmartWeather A H M Jakaria, It Present a weather The The
Forecasting Md Mosharaf prediction technique that application application
using Machine Hossain, utilizes historical data is able to do Is able to
Learning Mohmmad from multiple weather weather predict
Ashiqur Rahman stations to train simple forecast weather for a
machine learning models, using particular area
which can provide usable machine
forecasts about certain learning
weather conditions for techniques
the near future within a
very short periodof time
6 Weather Kumar Abhishek, The paper examines the The The
forecasting M.P. Singh, applicability of ANN application application is
model using Saswata Ghohs, approach by developing is good in not be able to
Artificial Neural Abhishek Ananad effective and reliable predicting predict others
Network nonlinear predictive the factors such as
models for weather temperature. Rainfall.
analysis also compare an
evaluate the performance
of the developed models
using different transfer
functions, hidden layers
and neurons to forecast
maximum, temperature
for 365 days of the year.
7 A Machine Bin Wang, Jie Lu, This paper focuses on The The
learning Zheng Yan, designing a data-driven application application
approach for Huaishao Luo method augmented by an is based on might not be
weather effective information the reliable due to
forecasting fusion mechanism to numerical the instability
learn from historical data solution of of these
that incorporates prior atmospheric differential
knowledge from NWP. hydro equations
thermo
dynamic
equations
and is abel
to obtain
high
prediction
accuracy.
 8 An integrated Munmun Biswas, This project aims to The The system is
approach for Tanni Dhoom, estimate the weather by application not capable of
analyzing and Sayantanu Barua utilizing predictive is able to predicting
measuring analysis. For this reason, predict weather more
weather data analysis of various data current than one day
mining procedures is weather
needed before apply. This atmosphere.
system is a web
application with effective
graphical User Interface.
User will login to the
system utilizing his user
ID and password. User
will enter some
information such as
current outlook,
temperature, humidity
and wind condition. This
system will take this
parameter and predict
weather after analyzing
the input information
with the informat ion in
database.

IV. RESULT V. CONCLUSION

This paper presented an overview of weather

Weather forecasting is the endeavour to foresee the
forecasting techniques with time series data
climate conditions at some future timeA . ccuracy of
describing the maincontributions in this field. Papers
weather shown in forecastreports is very necessary.
were reviewed to emphasize the diversity of
This paper reviewsnumber of varied techniques for
forecasting methods and the tim-escales of
predicting daily meteorology. The comparisonuses
forecasting methods. It is difficult to evaluate the
different parameters to forecast the daily weather in
performance of various methods, as the existing
terms of rainfall, humidity, temperature, cloud
applications were in different itme-scale and
condition, and weather of the day.
different way. This review is very useful, since it
The prime contribution of this paper isto compare brings a better understanding of the field of analysis,
the present weather forecasting model and to choose
and this is an important role in this paper. From the
the precise model based on their analytical ability.
review it can be concluded that this field invites a
great deal of interest by ersearchers. However,
numerous research issues remain unexplored. One of
the idea that were identified during this research is
related with the combined use of various climatic
issues.
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