Effectiveness Of Partnership Between PNP And DSWD In Delinquents

A Research Paper

Presented to the Faculty of College Department

PINAMALAYAN MARITIME FOUNDATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL COLLEGE INC.

Tri-Star Building, Mabini St., Marfrancisco Pinamalayan Oriental Mindoro

In partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the subject

Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion

By:

Castillo, Keilah Kate

Javier, Lieron Kier

Rodriguez, Angela

Palermo Edmarie Joy

Nuestro, Mark
 February 2022

Chapter 1

Introduction

As the national government agency mandated to serve, protect and empower vulnerable sectors of

society, the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) continues to forge strong

partnerships with partners, stakeholders, and intermediaries.

As part of its current thrusts and priorities to strengthen its steerer or enabler role, the DSWD

exerts efforts to develop model social protection programs, provide adequate technical assistance and

resource augmentation particularly to local social welfare development offices (LSWDOs) to strengthen

their capacities to deliver coordinated social protection and social welfare service at their respective

localities especially in children in conflict with the law (CICL)

Police departments and social workers have traditionally worked together to deal with the Child in

conflict with the law. The law enforcement is the first responder to save and apprehend the child who

committed a crime. Crime prevention includes the elimination of the desire and opportunity to commit a

crime. Rehabilitation efforts are an attempt, through treatment or programming to stop offenders from
continuing to offend. It is a crime prevention strategy rooted in the notion that offenders can change and

lead crime-free lives in the community” (Thomas ,2016).

There are preventative programs attempt to sway youth away from getting involved in violence and

delinquency before they have done so, rehabilitation programs target youth who have already engaged in

delinquent or violent behavior (Farrington and Welsh, 2017).

Most children in conflict with the law have committed petty crimes or such as minor offense.

Regarding to this the government created agencies who handle the situation wherein children are involved.

Law enforcement and social services share the most difficult portion of the other’s client caseloads

but there is little interagency communication or cooperation. Caseloads are expanding, resources are

decreasing and the few scattered interagency programs that have been developed fail to track performance

and results. Some of the severe problem cases that call for interagency intervention are real threats to

public safety (Diaz,2017).

Historically, these professions have been near adversaries. “Social worker” is considered a

pejorative term among police and “cop” is considered a pejorative term among social workers. The advent

of community policing with its emphasis on problem solving, partnerships, prevention and organizational

change has provided a potential bridge between the two. While the bridge has not been heavily travelled, it

is absolutely necessary to effective public social service delivery (Lahum,2016).

As history show, the Philippines have its own unique way of community policing while its adopted

various communities policing system in the past such as” koban” of Japan and Singapore Police force,

nevertheless, it has to resort to its home grown policing Traditionally system anchor on community

Partnership called Bayanihan. Bayanihan answer the need for the whole neighborhood to get involved in

policing in law enforcement (Tan ,2016).

 Recent development indicates a growing number of children directly involve in violating the law.

This phenomenon stirred strong reaction from the public and child rights advocates especially on the

manner they are handled when rescue or surrendered.

In Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, an estimated ten (10) youth offenders are recorded every month

and the DSWD are along with side of the PNP to take over and help the youth offenders , making sure that

they are not put in jail and implement programs for their corrective rehabilitations(PNP report, Or.

Mindoro ,2017).

One of the researchers, who happens to have youth relatives who occasionally commits crime in

their localities and now a law-abiding citizen through the help of DSWD are wondering why and how he was

being corrective and a law-abiding citizen. What are the practices of PNP and DSWD to make sure that

these youth offenders are in correct path of the society? This encourages the researchers to conduct the

study to fully determine the Effectiveness of Partnership between PNP and DSWD in handling Children in

conflict with the law.

Objective Statement

The aim of this study is to determine effectiveness of Partnership Between the Philippine National

Police (PNP) and the Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children in Conflict with

the Law.

Specifically, it aims to achieve the following:

1. To determine the effectiveness of partnership between the Philippine National Police (PNP)and the

Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children in Conflict with the Law.
 2. To know the problems encountered by the respondents in dealing with children in conflict with the

law.

3. To know the significant relationship between the two variables.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of Partnership Between the Philippine National Police

(PNP) and the Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children in Conflict with the

Law.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following question:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age;

1.2 Gender;

1.3 Educational Attainment;

2. What are the Effectiveness of Partnership Between the Philippine National Police (PNP)and the

Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children in Conflict with the Law in terms

of:

2.1 Strategic Helpdesks for Information, Education, Livelihood and other Developmental

Interventions (SHIELD)

2.2 Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council (JJWC) program

3. What are the problems encountered by the respondents in dealing with children in conflict with the

law?
 4. Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents to the effectiveness of

partnership between the Philippine National Police (PNP)and the Department of Social Welfare

and Development in Handling Children in Conflict with the Law?

5. Is there a significant relationship between the effectiveness of partnership between the Philippine

National Police (PNP)and the Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children

in Conflict with the Law to the problems met?

6. What is the implication of the study to the performance of the police officers and social welfare

personnel in handling children in conflict with the law?

Statement of Hypothesis

1. There is no significant relationship between the effectiveness of partnership between the Philippine

National Police (PNP)and the Department of Social Welfare and Development in Handling Children

in Conflict with the Law,

Significance of the study

The findings of the study maybe source of valuable information to the following group of persons.

Community- The result of this study will serve as an awareness regarding the partnership of DSWD

and PNP working together in order to safeguard lives and rehabilitate the children in conflict with the law.

Government- The study will serve as their basis to create more different upgraded programs

intended for the partnership of Philippine National Police and Department of Social Welfare and

development in order to prevent and rehabilitate the children in conflict with the law.
 To Department of social welfare and development (DSWD)- The study benefits them all for the

reason that they will be having significant data on the different reason s why there are many children who

has conflicts to the law and can find alternative solutions and programs regarding how to suppress and if

not eradicate the possibility of juvenile delinquency in the city.

Law Enforcers- The study will strengthen the partnership between the DSWD and PNP in order to

perform their work more effectively to completely win the cooperation of the community.

Criminology Students- The result of the study may also serve as an important trading material to

criminology students regarding the importance of good working relationship and coordination in other law

enforcement bodies department of social welfare and development for rehabilitation and reintegration of

children in conflict with the law as their primary duty in their chosen career in the near future.

Other researcher – This study may serve as a basis to other students who will be going to conduct

the same research or design in the future.

Scope and Delimitation

This study will focus on the Effectiveness of Partnership between PNP and DSWD in handling

Children in conflict with the law. The study will be conducted at Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro. The

respondents will include the twenty-five (25) DSWD officials and twenty-five (25) Police Personnel in Calapan

City, who will be chosen by using Purposive Sampling and Accidental Sampling design. The Method of

research to be used in the study is descriptive method and questionnaire checklist is the main tool used in

the conduct of study. The study will be limited to the profile of the respondents in the level of effectiveness
of Partnership between PNP and DSWD in handling of children in conflict with the law, the study will be

conducted for a period of one semester from December 2021 to January,2022.

Definition of terms

Terms are defined operationally in order to give a clear and better understanding of the study.

Child at risk – It refers to a child who is vulnerable to and at the risk of committing criminal offenses

because of personal family and social circumstances.

Child in Conflict with the Law- It refers to a child who alleged as accuses of, or adjudged as, having

committed an offense under Philippine laws.

Department of social welfare and development (DSWD) – It refers to the government agency who is

usually in charge for the case management and rehabilitation of child in conflict with the law or youth

offender.

Effectiveness– It refers to the capacity of producing a desired result. When something is deemed

effective, it means it has an intended or expected outcome or produces a deep vivid, impression.

Handling of Child in Conflict with the Law- It refers to the process of ensuring an effective

management of children involved in criminal offenses, misdemeanor, delinquencies, and other truancies

may possibly lead to their criminal careers.

Law enforcer- It refers to the first responder to save and apprehend the child who committed a

crime.

Partnership - It refers to the relationship resembling a legal partnership and usually involving close

Cooperation between parties having specified and joint rights and responsibilities.
 Programs - It refers to the different way of the DSWD in assisting the child in conflict with the law

(CICL).

Rehabilitation - It refers to the dynamic process, including, after care and follow up treatment,

directed towards the physical, emotional/psychological, vocational, social and spiritual

changes/enhancement of child in conflict with the law (CICL) to enable him/her to live without dangerous

environment, enjoy the fullest life compatible with him/her capabilities and potentials and render him/her

able to become a law abiding and productive member of community.

Theoretical framework

This study is guided by three (3) theories that researchers believe gears towards the corrective

functions of the PNP and DSWD in the children in conflict with the law, one is Freud's Psychoanalytic

theory( suggested that personality is mostly established by the age of five. Early experiences play a large

role in personality development and continue to influence behavior later in life. Each stage of development

is marked by conflicts that can help build growth or stifle development, depending upon how they are

resolved. If these psychosexual stages are completed successfully, a healthy personality is the result.

Another is Erikson's eight-stage theory of psychosocial development describes growth and change

throughout life, focusing on social interaction and conflicts that arise during different stages of development.

While Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development shared some similarities with Freud's, it is

dramatically different in many ways. Rather than focusing on sexual interest as a driving force in

development, Erikson believed that social interaction and experience played decisive roles and the last is

Behavioral Child Development Theories by B. F. Skinner.

 During the first half of the twentieth century, a new school of thought known as behaviorism rose to

become a dominant force within psychology. Behaviorists believed that psychology needed to focus only on

observable and quantifiable behaviors in order to become a more scientific discipline.

According to the behavioral perspective, all human behavior can be described in terms of

environmental influences. Some behaviorists, such as John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, insisted that

learning occurs purely through processes of association and reinforcement.

Behavioral theories of child development focus on how environmental interaction influences

behavior and is based on the theories of theorists such as John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner.

These theories deal only with observable behaviors. Development is considered a reaction to rewards,

punishments, stimuli, and reinforcement.

Synthesis

The three (3) theory signifies the relationship of the study since Freud's Psychoanalytic theory that CICL

passed different stages on their development and it needs intervention of higher authorities to intervene in their

changes and development while the Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development s believed that social interaction

and experience played decisive roles and the last is Behavioral Child Development Theories by B. F. Skinner needs

environmental interaction influences behavior which will be conducted by the PNP and DSWD
Conceptual Framework

The Effectiveness of Partnership between PNP and DSWD in handling Children in conflict with the

law this study is anchored on some of the process that the police and the supporting effort of the DSWD

personnel used to accomplish the program of rehabilitation and crime prevention for children in conflict with

the law.

It is generally believe that crime prevention in the community primarily relies on the cooperation of

PNP and the rehabilitation program of DSWD.

To further discuss the conceptual framework, figure 1 present the paradigm of the study this is

composes of two variables the independent and dependent variables. Independent variables deals with the

profile of the participants, and manifestation of the partnership between DSWD and PNP and problems

encountered by the respondents dealing with children in conflict with the law dependent variables crime

prevention and rehabilitation through effective partnership between DSWD and PNP in handling of children

in conflict with the law.

 IV DV

Dependent Variables
Independent Variables

Partnership
 Child Labor

 Strategic Helpdesks for

Information, Education, Figure 1

Livelihood and other Hypothesized

 Restorative justice

Developmental Relationship

Interventions (SHIELD) between

Variables

The relationship among variables is shown in figure 1

 Juvenile Justice and
which explains the possible partnership of PNP and DSWD
Welfare Council (JJWC)
in dealing with the Children in Conflict with the law , in
program
independent variable of the study , the partnership that

needs to discuss are the Strategic Helpdesks for Information, Education, Livelihood and other

Developmental Interventions (SHIELD) and the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council (JJWC) program

while the dependent variables are the child labor and restorative justice.
 The two types of variables are interrelated with each other which denotes the relationship with

each other.