MV.I.City.N.C.Plumbing and Fire Protection Specs

Mountain View – I City (N.
C)
Project Code:- DMA–I-M-012-000
Residential Buildings
Plumbing and Fire Protection

Technical Specifications
Part (IV)
Rev. (0-IFT) August, 2017

Document Code: DMA – QS – Op – 01 – F-03
Issue Date : 01/01/2017
Issue No.: 01
MountainView – I.City (N.C)
INDEX
DIVISION 15
PLUMBING AND FIRE PROTECTION
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION DESCRIPTION
15030 Electrical Requirements for Mechanical Equipment.
15050 Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods.
15061 Hangers and Supports for Plumbing Piping And Equipment.
15100 Valves.
15141 Upvc Pipes and Fittings for Pressure Piping.
15151 Upvc Pipe and Fittings for Drainage.
15152 Polypropylene Pipes and Fittings.
15300 Fire Protection.
15400 Plumbing Works.
15417 Steel Pipe and Fittings for Fire Protection System.
115430 Plumbing Specialties.
Division 15 Page 1/1 August, 2017

ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
SECTION 15030
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

Drawings and General Provisions of the Contract, including Contract Conditions
and Specification Sections, apply to work of this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
1.2.1 This section specifies the basic requirements for electrical components which are
an integral part of packaged mechanical equipment. These components include,
but are not limited to, factory installed motors, starters, disconnect switches motor
control centers (MCC/CP) furnished as an integral part of packaged mechanical
equipment.
Specific electrical requirements (i.e. kilowatt and electrical characteristics) for
mechanical equipment are specified within the individual equipment specification
sections.
1.2.2 Related Sections: The following section includes requirements which relate to
this section:
− Separate electrical components and materials required for field installations and
electrical connections are specified in Division 16.
1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

Motors and motor control centers shall be manufactured and tested in accordance
with the stipulations of one of the following: NEMA ICS1, NEMA ICS2, NEMA
ICS2.3, NEMA ICS6, NEMA PB1, NEMA ST20, UL 67 AND UL 845, or other
standard and Sound Practice.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
No separate submittal is required. Submit product data for motors, starters and
other electrical components with submittal data required for the equipment for
which it serves, as required by the individual equipment specification section.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MOTORS
The following are basic requirements for simple or common motors. For special
motors, more detailed and specific requirements are specified in the individual
equipment specifications.
 Torque Characteristics: Shall be sufficient to satisfactorily accelerate the driven
loads
Section 15030 Page 1/3 August, 2017

 Motor Sizes: Shall be large enough so that the driven load will not require the
motor to operate in the service factor range
 Temperature Rating: Rated for 40C environment with maximum 110C
temperature rise for continuous duty at full load
 Starting Capability: Frequency of starts as indicated by automatic control
system and not less than 5 evenly time spaced starts per hour for manually
controlled motors
 Service Factor: 1.15 for poly-phase motors and 1.35 for single phase motors
2.2 BEARINGS
Ball or roller bearings with inner and outer shaft seals;
Re-greasable, except permanently sealed where motor is normally inaccessible for
regular maintenance;
Designed to resist thrust loading where belt drives or other drives produce lateral
or axial thrust in motor;
For fractional horsepower, light duty motors, sleeve type bearings are permitted.
2.3 ENCLOSURE TYPE

Guarded drip-proof motors IP 54.
2.4 NOISE RATING

"Quiet".
2.5 EFFICIENCY
"Energy Efficient" motors shall have a minimum efficiency as scheduled in
accordance with IEC Standards. If efficiency not specified, motors shall have a
higher efficiency than "average standard industry motors", in accordance with IEC
Standards.
2.6 NAMEPLATE
Indicate the full identification of manufacturer, ratings, characteristics,
construction, special features and similar information.
2.7 STARTERS, ELECTRICAL DEVICES AND WIRING

2.7.1 Motor Starter Characteristics: Type and size of starter shall be as recommended
by motor manufacturer and the driven equipment manufacturer for applicable
protection and start-up condition.
Manual switches shall have pilot lights. Thermal overload protection relays.
2.7.2 Magnetic Starters: Maintained contact push buttons and pilot lights, properly
arranged for operation as indicated.
Trip-free thermal overload relays, each phase.

Interlocks, pneumatic switches and similar devices as required for coordination

with control requirements.
Externally operated manual reset.
Under-voltage release or protection.
2.7.3 Motor Connections: Flexible conduit, except where plug-in electrical cords are
specifically indicated.
2.7.4 Capacitors:
Features:
− Individual unit cells.
− All welded steel housing.
− Each capacitor internally fused.
− Non-flammable synthetic liquide impregnate.
− Craft tissue insulation.
− Aluminum foil electrodes.
KVAR size shall be as required to correct motor power factor to 90% or better and
shall be installed on all motors 1 horsepower and larger, that have an uncorrected
power factor at rated load.
2.7.5 Disconnect Switches:

Fusible Switches: Fused, each phase; general duty; horsepower rated; non-teasible
quick-make, quick-break mechanism; dead front line side shield; solderless lugs
suitable for copper or aluminum conductors; spring reinforced fuse clips; electro
silver plated current carrying parts; hinged doors; operating lever arranged for
locking in the "OPEN" position; arc quenchers; capacity and characteristics as
indicated.
Non-fusible Switches: For equipment 2 horsepower and smaller, shall be
horsepower rated; toggle switch type; quantity of poles and voltage rating as
indicated. For equipment larger than 2 horsepower, switches shall be the same as
fusible type.
2.7.6 Enclosures: Enclosures for electrical equipment shall be of IP 54 to IEC

Standards.
PART 3 EXECUTION
(Not Applicable)
END OF SECTION 15030

Mountain View – I.City (N.C)
BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS
SECTION 15050
PART 1 GENERAL

Drawings and General Provisions of the Contract, including Contract
Conditions and Specification Sections, apply to work of this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
This section includes the following basic mechanical materials and methods to
complement other Division 15 Sections.
 Piping materials and installation instructions common to most piping
systems.
 Concrete equipment base construction requirements.
 Equipment nameplate data requirements.
 Nonshrink grout for equipment installations.
 Field-fabricated metal.
 Installation requirements common to equipment specification sections.
 Cutting and patching.
 Touchup painting and finishing
Pipe and pipe fitting materials as specified in piping system Sections.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.3.1 Pipe, pipe fittings and piping: Include tube, tube fittings, and tubing.
1.3.2 Finished Spaces: Spaces other than mechanical and electrical equipment
rooms, furred spaces, pipe and duct shafts, unheated spaces immediately below
the roof, spaces above ceilings, unexcavated spaces, crawl spaces, and tunnels.
1.3.3 Exposed Interior Installations: Exposed to view indoors. Examples include

finished occupied spaces and mechanical equipment rooms.
1.3.4 Exposed Exterior Installations: Exposed to view outdoors, or subject to

outdoor ambient temperatures and weather conditions. Examples include
rooftop locations.
1.3.5 Concealed Interior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from
physical contact by building occupants. Examples include above ceilings and
in duct shafts.

1.3.6 Concealed Exterior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from
weather conditions and physical contact by building occupants, but subject to
outdoor ambient temperatures. Examples include installations within unheated
shelters.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
Submit listed submittals in accordance with Conditions of the Contract and
Specification Sections
1.4.1 Product Data: For the following piping specialties:

 Mechanical sleeve seals.
 Identification materials and devices
1.4.2 Samples: Of color, lettering style, and other graphic representation required for
each identification material and device.
1.4.3 Shop drawings: Detailing fabrication and installation for metal and wood
supports and anchorage for mechanical materials and equipment.
1.4.4 Coordination drawings: For access panel and door locations.
1.4.5 Prepare Coordination Drawings: According to Conditions of the Contract

and Specification Sections to 1:50 scale or larger. Detail major elements,
components, and systems of mechanical equipment and materials in
relationship with other systems, installations, and building components. Show
space requirements for installation and access. Show where sequence and
coordination of installations are important to the efficient flow of the Work.
Include the following:
 Proposed locations of piping, ductwork, equipment, and materials. Include
the following:
 Planned piping layout, including valve and specialty locations and valve
stem movement.
 Planned duct systems layout, including elbow radii and duct accessories.
 Clearances for installing and maintaining insulation
 Clearances for servicing and maintaining equipment, including space for
equipment disassembly required for periodic maintenance.
 Equipment service connections and support details.
 Exterior wall and foundation penetrations.
 Sizes and location of required concrete pads and bases.
1.4.6 Floor Plans, Elevations, and Details: To indicate penetrations in floors, walls,
and ceilings and their relationship to other penetrations and installations.

1.4.7 Welder certificates: Signed by Contractor certifying that welders comply with
requirements specified under the "Quality Assurance" Article.
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 Qualify welding processes and operators for structural steel according to AWS
D1.1 "Structural Welding Code-Steel".
1.5.2 Qualify welding processes and operators for piping according to ASME "Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code", Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications".
Comply with provisions of AMSE B31 Series "Code for Pressure Piping"
Certify that each welder has passed AWS qualification tests for the welding
processes involved and that certification is current.
1.5.3 Comply with ASME A13.1 for lettering size, length of color field, colors, and
viewing angles of identification devices.
1.5.4 Equipment of greater or larger power, dimensions, capacities, and ratings may
be furnished provided such proposed equipment is approved in writing and
connecting mechanical and electrical services, circuit breakers, conduit,
motors, bases, and equipment spaces are increased. No additional costs will be
approved for these increases, if larger equipment is approved. If minimum
energy ratings or efficiencies of the equipment are specified, the equipment
must meet the design requirements and commissioning requirements.
1.6 DELIVERY STORAGE AND HANDLING

Deliver pipes and tubes with factory applied end caps. Maintain end caps
through shipping, storage and handling to prevent pipe-end damage and prevent
entrance of dirt, and moisture. Protect stored pipes and tubes from moisture
and dirt. Elevate above grade. When stored inside, do not exceed structural
capacity of the floor. Protect flanges, fittings and piping specialties from
moisture and dirt. Protect stored plastic pipes from direct sunlight. Support to
prevent sagging and bending.
1.7 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

Coordinate mechanical equipment installation with other building components.
Arrange for chases, slots and openings in building structure during progress of
construction to allow for mechanical installations. Coordinate the installation
of required supporting devices and set sleeves in concrete and other structural
components. Sequence, coordinate, and integrate installations of mechanical
materials and equipment for efficient flow of the Work. Coordinate connection
of electrical services.
Coordinate connection of mechanical systems with exterior underground and
overhead utilities and services. Comply with requirements of governing
regulations. Mechanical items requiring access are concealed behind finished

surfaces. Coordinate installation of identifying devices after completing

covering and painting where devices are applied to surfaces.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS

Refer to individual piping system specification in Division 15, Sections for
pipe and fitting materials and jointing methods.
2.2 JOINTING MATERIALS

Refer to individual piping system specification Sections in Division 15 for
special jointing materials not listed below.
2.2.1 Pipe Flange Gasket Materials: Suitable for the chemical and thermal
condition of the piping system contents.
ASME B16.21, nonmetallic, flat, asbestos-free, 3 mm maximum thickness,
except where thickness or specific material is indicated.
 Full-Face Type: For flat-face, Class 125 cast-iron.
 Narrow-Face Type: For raised-face, Class 250 cast-iron and steel flanges.
ASME B16.20 for grooved, ring-joint, steel flanges.
AWWA C100, rubber, flat face, 3 mm thick, except where other thickness is
indicated; and full-face or ring type, except where type is indicated.
Flange Bolts and Nuts: ASME B18=8.2.1, carbon steel, except where other
materials is indicated.
2.2.2 Welding Filler Metals: Comply with AWS D10.12 for welding materials
appropriate for wall thickness and chemical analysis of steel pipe being welded.
2.2.3 Flanged, Ductile-iron Pipe Gasket, Bolts and Nuts: AWWA C110, rubber
gasket, carbon steel bolts and nuts.
2.2.4 Couplings: Cast iron body sleeve assembly, fabricated to match outside
diameters of plain-end pressure pipes (for buried piping).
Sleeve: ASTM A 126, Class B, gray iron.
Followers: ASTM A 47 (ASTM A 47 M), grade 32510 or ASTM A 536
ductile iron.
Gaskets: Rubber.
Bolts and Nuts: AWWA C1110.
Finish: Enamel paint.

2.2.5 Solvent Cements: Manufacturer’s standards solvents complying with the

following:
− Acrylonitrille-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS): ASTM D 2235.
− Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC): ASTM F 493.
− Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC): ASTM D 2564.
− Unplastisized Polyvinyl chloride (uPVC) : ASTM D 2584.
2.2.6 Plastic Pipe Seals: ASTM F 477, elastomeric gasket.
2.3 PIPING SPECIALTIES

2.3.1 Escutcheons: Manufactured wall, ceiling, and floor plates; deep-pattern type
where required to conceal protruding fittings and sleeves. The inside diameter
shall closely fit around pipe, tube, and insulation, the outside diameter shall
completely cover opening.
Stamped Steel: One-piece, with set-screw or split plate, with concealed hinge,
spring clips and chrome-plated finish.
Finished spaces where polished chrome plate finish shall be used.
Cast-Iron Floor Plate: One-piece casting.
2.3.2 Dielectric Fittings: Assembly or fitting having insulating material isolating

joined dissimilar metals to prevent galvanic action and stop corrosion. Provide
combination of copper alloy and ferrous; threaded, solder, plain, and weld neck
end types and matching piping system materials with insulating materials
suitable for system fluid, pressure, and temperature.
Dielectric Unions: Factory-fabricated, union assembly for 1000 kPa minimum
working pressure at a 107 °C temperature.
Dielectric Flanges: Factory-fabricated, companion-flange assembly for 1000
kPa minimum pressure or to suit system pressures.
Dielectric-Flange Insulation Kits: Field-assembled, companion-flange
assembly full-face or ring type. Components include neoprene or phenolic
gasket, phenolic or polyethylene bolt sleeves, phenolic washers, and steel
backing washers. Provide separate companion flanges and steel bolts and nuts
for 1000 Pa minimum working pressure or to suit system pressures.
Dielectric Couplings: Galvanized-steel coupling, having inert and non-
corrosive, thermoplastic lining, with threaded ends for 1000 kPa minimum
working pressure at 107 °C temperature.
Dielectric Nipples: Electroplated steel nipple, having inert and non-corrosive
thermoplastic lining, with combination of plain threaded, or grooved end types
for 1000 kPa working pressure at 107 °C temperature.
2.3.3 Mechanical Sleeve Seals: Modular, watertight mechanical type. Components

include interlocking synthetic rubber links shaped to continuously fill annular

space between pipe and sleeve. Connecting bolts and pressure plates cause
rubber sealing elements to expand when tightened.
2.3.4 Sleeves: The following materials are for wall, floor, slab, and roof penetrations:
Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, Type E, Grade A, Schedule 40, galvanized, plain ends.
Cast-iron: Cast or fabricated wall pipe equivalent to ductile-iron pressure pipe,
having plain ends and integral water stop, except where other features are
specified.
2.3.5 Underground Wall Penetration Systems: Wall sleeve assembly, consisting of

housing, gaskets, and pipe sleeve, with 1 mechanical-joint end conforming to
AWWA C 110 and 1 plain pipe-sleeve end.
Penetrating Pipe Deflection: 5 percent without leakage.
Housing: Ductile-iron casting having waterstop and anchor ring, with ductile-
iron gland, steel studs and nuts, and rubber gasket conforming to AWWA
C111, of housing and gasket size as required to fit penetrating pipe.
Pipe Sleeve: AWWA C151, ductile-iron pipe.
Housing-to-Sleeve Gasket: Rubber or neoprene push-on type of manufacturer's
design.
2.4 IDENTIFYING DEVICES AND LABELS

2.4.1 General: Manufacturer's standard products of categories and types required for
each application as referenced in other Division 15 Sections. Where more than
one type is specified for listed application, submit for the Engineer's approval
single selection for each product category.
2.4.2 Equipment Nameplates: Metal nameplate with operational data engraved or

stamped, permanently fastened to equipment.
2.4.3 Data: Manufacturer, product name, model number, serial number, capacity,
operating and power characteristics, labels of tested compliances, and similar
essential data.
2.4.4 Location: An accessible and visible location.
2.4.5 Stencils: Standard stencils, prepared for required applications with letter sizes
conforming to recommendations of ASME A 13.1 for piping and similar
applications, but not less than 30 mm-high letters for ductwork and not less
than 19 mm high letters for access door signs and similar operational. Provide
fiberboard material with standard exterior type stenciling enamel paint; black,
except as otherwise indicated; either brushing grade or pressurized spray can
form and grade.
Provide standard identification enamel paint of colors indicated or, if not
otherwise indicated for piping systems, comply with ASME A 13.1 for colors.

2.4.6 Snap-on Plastic Pipe Markers: Manufacturer's standard preprinted, semi-rigid

snap-on, color-coded pipe markers, conforming to ASME A 13.1.
2.4.7 Pressure-Sensitive Pipe Markers: Manufacturer's standard preprinted,

permanent adhesive, color-coded, pressure-sensitive vinyl pipe markers,
conforming to ASME A 13.1.
2.4.8 Engraved Plastic-Laminate Signs: ASTM D 709, Type I, cellulose, paper-

base, phenolic-resin-laminate engraving stock; Grade ES-2, black surface black
phenolic core, with white (letter color) melamine sub-core, except when other
color are indicated. Fabricate in size required for message, engraved with
engraver's standard letter style, of sizes and with wording to match equipment
identification. Punch for mechanical fastening. Provide 1.5 mm thick for units
up to 13 000 mm2 or 200 mm long; 3 mm for larger units with self- tapping
stainless-steel screws or contact-type permanent adhesive.
2.4.9 Lettering and Graphics: Coordinate names, abbreviations, and other

designations used in mechanical identification, with corresponding
designations indicated. Use numbers, letters, and wording indicated for proper
identification and operation/maintenance of mechanical systems and
equipment. Where multiple systems of same generic name are indicated,
provide identification that indicates individual system number as well as
service such as "Boiler No. 3", "Pump No. P1", or "Fire Cabinet FC1".
2.5 GROUT
Non-shrink, Nonmetallic Grout, ASTM C 1107, Grade B. Post- hardening,
volume-adjusting, dry, hydraulic-cement grout, nonstaining, noncorrosive,
nongaseous, and recommended for interior and exterior applications. Design
mix of 34.50 MPa, 28-days compressive strength, premixed and factory-
packaged.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 PIPING SYSTEM-COMMON REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1 General: Install piping as described below, except where system Sections
specify otherwise. Individual piping system specified Sections in Division 15
specify piping installation requirements unique to the piping system.
3.1.2 General Locations and Arrangements: The Contract Drawings indicate

various piping systems schematically. No added compensation shall be
permitted for variations due to field conditions.

Examine, carefully, the Architectural, Structural, Fire Protection, Heating,

Ventilation, Air Conditioning, Electrical, Fuel and Interior Drawings to avoid
possible installation conflicts.
Examine substrates and conditions under which systems are to be installed. Do
not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in a
manner acceptable to the Engineer.
Submit to the Engineer Shop Drawings covering scope of works. No work
shall be carried out until the shop drawings have been approved by the
Engineer. Reproduction of Contract Drawings by the Contractor shall not be
acceptable as Shop Drawings.
Be responsible for the proper installation of complete systems.
Where equipment furnished differs in physical character from that specified
and/or indicated, or requires increased services and/or facilities to be provided
by other trades and such equipment is acceptable to the Engineer, then pay and
bear all costs of modifying the substituted items to fit the conditions indicated
or the costs of modifying the building to properly receive the item.
Make, without additional cost to the Employer, any change from the Drawing
necessary to make the work conform to the site as constructed and/or to fit the
work of other trades, or to conform to any and all prevailing rule changes.
Check the layout of the piping, equipment fixtures, etc. and determine the exact
locations by dimensions of the approved material.
Furnish sleeves for passage of pipes through structural masonry and concrete
walls, floors and else where as shall be required for the protection of each
piping passing through building elements.
Provide required supports and hangers for piping and equipment, so loading
will not exceed allowable loadings of structure.
Install piping at indicated and/or required slope. Install components having
pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure. Install
piping in concealed interior and exterior locations, except in equipment rooms
and service areas. Install piping free of sags and bends. Install exposed interior
and exterior piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs
are prohibited, except where indicated. Install piping tight to slabs, beams,
joists, columns, walls and other building elements. Allow sufficient space
above removable ceiling panels to allow for ceiling panel removal. Install
piping to allow application of insulation plus 25 mm clearance around in-
sulation. Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other, spaced to permit valves
servicing. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.
Install couplings according to manufacturer's printed instructions.
3.1.3 Install sleeves: For pipes passing through concrete and masonry walls,
gypsum-board partitions, concrete floor and roof slabs, and where indicate.
Cut sleeves to length for mounting flush with both surfaces.

Exception: Extend sleeves installed in floors of mechanical equipment areas or

other wet areas 50 mm above finished floor level. Extend cast iron sleeve
fittings below floor slab as required to secure clamping ring where specified.
Build sleeves into new walls and slabs as work progresses. Install large enough
sleeves to provide 6 mm annular clear space between sleeve and pipe or pipe
insulation. Use the following sleeve materials:
For floors having membrane waterproofing, provide cast-iron sleeve fitting.
Secure flashing between clamping flanges. Install section of cast-iron soil pipe
to extend sleeve to 50 mm above finished floor level. Seal space outside of
sleeve fittings with nonshrink, nonmetallic grout.
Except for below-grade wall penetration seal annular space between sleeve and
pipe or pipe insulation, using elastomeric joint sealants specified in Division 7
Section "Joint Sealants".
For above grade, exterior wall pipe penetrations, seal penetrations using sleeves
and mechanical sleeve seals. Size sleeve for 25 mm annular clear space
between pipe and sleeve for installation of mechanical seals. Assemble and
install mechanical seals according to manufacturer's printed instructions.
For below grade, exterior wall pipe penetrations, install cast-iron wall pipes for
sleeves. Seal pipe penetrations using mechanical sleeve seals. Size sleeve for
25 mm annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for installation of
mechanical seals.
3.1.4 Install pipe escutcheons: For pipe penetrations of concrete and masonry walls,
wall board partitions, and suspended ceilings according to the following:
Chrome-plated Piping: Cast-brass, one-piece, with set-screw, and polished
chrome-plated finish. Use split-casting escutcheons, where required.
Uninsulated Piping Wall Escutcheons: Cast-brass or stamped-steel, with set-
screw.
Uninsulated Piping Floor Plates in Utility Areas: Cast-iron floor plates.
Insulated Piping: Cast-brass or stamped-steel, with concealed hinge, spring
clips, and chrome-plated finish.
Piping in Utility Areas: Cast-brass or stamped-steel, with set-screw or spring
clips.
3.1.5 Fire Barrier Penetrations: Maintain indicated fire rating of walls, partitions,
ceilings, and floors at pipe penetrations. Seal pipe penetrations with
firestopping sealant material. Firestopping materials are specified in Division 7
Section “Firestopping”.
3.1.6 Verify final equipment locations for roughing in. Refer to equipment
specifications in other Sections for roughing-in requirements.

3.1.7 Piping Joint Constructions: Join pipe and fittings as follows and as
specifically required in individual piping system Sections.
Ream ends of pipes and tubes and remove burs. Bevel plain ends of steel pipe.
Remove scale, slag, dirt, and debris from inside and outside of pipe and fittings
before assembly.
Threaded Joints: Thread pipe with tapered pipe threads to ASME B1.20.1. Cut
threads full and clean using sharp dies. Ream threaded pipe ends to remove
burrs and restore full inside diameter. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:
 Note the internal length of threads in fittings or valve and proximity of
internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be threaded into
joint.
 Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to external pipe threads.
 Align threads at point of assembly.
 Tighten joint with wrench. Apply wrench to valve end into which pipe is
being threaded.
 Do not use pipe or pipe fittings having threads that are corroded or
damaged. Do not use pipe sections that have cracked or open welds.
Welded Joints: Construct joints according to AWS D 10.12 "Recommended
Practices and Procedures for Welding Low Carbon Steel Pipe" using qualified
processes and welding operators according to the "Quality Assurance" Article.
Flanged Joints: Align flange surfaces parallel. Select appropriate gasket
material, size, type, and thickness for service application. Install gasket
concentrically positioned. Assemble joints by sequencing bolt tightening to
make initial contact of flanged and gaskets as flat and parallel as possible. Use
suitable lubricants on bolt threads. Tighten bolts gradually and uniformly using
torque wrench.
Plastic Pipe and Fitting Solvent-Cement Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces
by wiping with clean cloth or paper towels. Join pipe and fittings according to
the following standards:
 ASTM F 402 for Safe Handling of Solvent-cement and Primers.
 ASTM D 2672 for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Application.
 ASTM D 2855 for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-pressure Applications.
3.1.8 Piping Connections: Except as otherwise indicated, make piping connections

as specified below.
Install unions in piping 50 mm and smaller adjacent to each valve and at final
connection to each piece of equipment having a 50 mm or smaller threaded
pipe connection.
Install flanges in piping 65 mm and larger adjacent to flanged valves and at
final connection to each piece of equipment having flanged pipe connection.

3.2 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION-COMMON

REQUIREMENTS
Install equipment to provide the maximum possible headroom where mounting
heights are not indicated. Install equipment according to approved submittal
data. Portions of the Work are shown only in diagrammatic form. Refer for
conflicts to the Engineer. Install equipment level and plumb, parallel and
perpendicular to other building systems and components in exposed interior
spaces, except where otherwise indicated.
Install mechanical equipment to facilitate servicing, maintenance, and repair or
replacement of equipment components. Connect equipment for ease of
disconnecting with minimum of interference with other installation. Extend
grease fittings to an accessible location.
Install equipment giving right-of-way to piping systems installed at a required
slope.
3.3 LABELING AND IDENTIFYING

3.3.1 Piping Systems: Install pipe markers on each system. Include arrows showing
normal direction of flow. Use plastic markers with application systems. Install
on pipe insulation segment where required for hot non-insulated pipes.
Locate pipe markers wherever piping is exposed in finished spaces, machine
rooms, accessible maintenance spaces (shafts, tunnels, plenums), and exposed
exterior locations as follows:
 Near each valve and control device.
 Near each branch, excluding short take-offs for fixtures and terminal units.
Mark each pipe at branch, where flow pattern is not obvious.
 Near locations where pipe pass through walls, floors, ceilings, or enter
inaccessible enclosures.
 At access doors, manholes, and similar access points that permit view of
concealed piping.
 Near major equipment items and other points of origination and termination.
 Spaced at a maximum of 15 m intervals along each run. Reduce intervals to
7.5 m in congested areas of piping and equipment.
 On piping above removable acoustical sign or equipment omit
intermediately spaced markers.
3.3.2 Equipment: Install engraved plastic laminate sign or equipment marker on or

near each major item of mechanical equipment.
Lettering Size: Minimum 6 mm high lettering for name of unit where viewing
distance is less than 0.6 m, 13 mm high for distances up to 1.8 m and
proportionately larger than lettering for greater distances. Provide secondary
lettering 2/3 to 3/4 of size of principal lettering.

Test of Signs: Provide test to distinguish between multiple units, inform

operator of operational requirements, indicated safety and emergency
precautions, and warn of hazards and improper operations, in addition to name
of identified unit.
3.4 PAINTING AND FINISHING

Refer to Division 09 Section "Painting" for field painting requirements.
Damage and Touch-Up: Repair marred and damaged factory-painted finishes
with approved materials and procedures to match original factory finish.
3.5 CONCRETE BASES

Construct concrete equipment bases of dimensions indicated, but not less than
100 mm larger than supported unit in both directions. Follow supported
equipment manufacturer's setting templates for anchor bolt and tie locations.
Use Grade C, 28-day compressive strength concrete and reinforcement as
specified in Division 03 Section "Cat in place concrete".
3.6 ERECTION OF METAL SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS

Cut, fit and place miscellaneous metal supports accurately in location,
alignment, and elevation to support and anchor mechanical materials and
equipment. Comply with ES No. 257 "Metal Arc Welding of Structural Steel"
for field welding.
3.7 CUTTING AND PATCHING

Cut, channel, chase and drill floors, walls, partitions, ceilings and other
surfaces necessary for mechanical installations. Perform cutting by skilled
mechanics of the trades involved.
3.8 GROUTING
Install nonmetallic non-shrink grout for mechanical equipment base bearing
surfaces, pump and other equipment base plates, and anchors. Mix grout
according to manufacturer's printed instructions. Clean surfaces that will come
into contact with grout. Provide forms for placement of grout, as required.
Avoid air entrapment when placing grout. Place grout to completely fill
equipment bases, on concrete bases to provide a smooth bearing surface for
equipment, around anchors and according to manufacturer's printed
instructions.
3.9 INSTALLATION OF STORAGE TANKS AND WATER HEATERS

Install tanks plumb level in accordance with manufacturer's installation
instructions, and firmly anchored in location maintaining manufacturer's
recommended clearance.
Install piping adjacent to storage tanks to allow for servicing and maintenance.
Install thermometers and pressure gauges on water storage tanks, heaters and

piping. Connect water piping to the tanks using unions or flanges and valves.
Connect tank drains indirectly with valves and discharge over nearest floor
drain. Use gate or ball valves for valves 50 mm and smaller, gate or butterfly
valves for valves 65 mm and larger. Use dielectric fittings or dielectric union
for connecting dissimilar metal. Install temperature and pressure relief valve
and vacuum relief valves on tanks with copper interior lining and where
indicated.
Give particular attention to the supports and anchors for storage tanks to
withstand the anticipated loads including seismic loads. Submit supporting
details for the Engineer's approval.

HANGERS AND SUPPORTS FOR PLUMBING PIPING AND EQUIPMENT
SECTION 15061
PART 1 GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY
1.2.1 This section specifies pipe hangers and supports and includes the following:
 Horizontal-piping hangers and supports
 Vertical-piping clamps
 Hanger-rod attachments
 Building attachments
 Protection shields
 Mechanical-Anchor fasteners
 Miscellaneous materials
 Equipment supports
1.2.2 Related Sections: The following sections include requirements which relate to
this section:
 Division 05, Section "Metal Fabrications" for materials for anchoring piping
systems to building structure.
 Division 09, Section "Painting" for field-applied painting requirements.
 Division 15 Section "Pipe Expansion Joints" for expansion joints and
expansion loops.

The work of hangers and supports shall be performed in strict accordance with the
stipulations of the latest edition of the following codes and standards:
Egyptian Standard Specification
ES No.
243 Mechanical Tests for Welded Joints
257 Metal Arc Welding of Structural Steel
373 Portland Cement (Ordinary and Rapid-Hardening)
1108 Sand for Building Mortars
1169 Covered Carbon Steel Arc Welding
American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM No.
A 36 Specifications for Structural Steel

A 780 Practice for Repair of Damaged Hot-dipped Galvanized Coatings

American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASME No.
B 31.9 Building Services Piping
National Fire Protection Association
NFPA No.
13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry,
INC.
MSS SP No.
58 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design and Manufacture.
69 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application
89 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Fabrication and Installation Practices.
90(R 91) Guidelines on Terminology for Pipe Hangers and Supports
1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Obtain Engineer's approval for arrangements of seismic resistance hangers and
supports for piping and equipment.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
Submit listed submittals in accordance with Conditions of the Contract and
Specification Sections
1.5.1 Product Data: Including installation instructions for each type of hanger and
support. Submit pipe hanger and support schedule showing Manufacturer's figure
number, size, location and features for each required pipe hanger and support.
1.5.2 Product Certificates: Signed by the manufacturer of hangers and supports

certifying that their products meet the specified requirements.
1.5.3 Welder Certificates: Signed by the Contractor certifying that welders comply
with requirements specified under Clause 1.6, "Quality Assurance".
1.5.4 Assembly-type Shop Drawings: For each type of hanger and support indicating
dimensions, weights, required clearances, and methods of assembly of
components.
1.5.5 Maintenance Data: For hangers and supports for inclusion in Operating and
Maintenance Manual specified in Division 01.

1.6.1 Welders Qualifications: Qualify welding processes and welding operators in
accordance with Egyptian Standard Specifications.
Certify that each welder has satisfactorily passed ES No. 917 qualification tests for

welding processes involved and, if pertinent, has undergone recertification.

Qualify welding processes in accordance with requirements of ES No. 243, 257
and 435, 921 and 1169.
1.6.2 Regulatory Requirements: Comply with applicable plumbing codes pertaining to

product materials and installation of hangers and supports.
NFPA Compliance: Hangers and supports shall comply with NFPA standard No.
13 when used as a component of a fire protection system and as a guide for the
installation of other piping system.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURED UNITS

2.1.1 General: Hangers, supports and components factory-fabricated according to MSS
SP-58.
Components shall have dip galvanized coatings where installed for piping and
equipment that will not have field-applied finish.
Select pipe hangers to support water test as well as the piping loads and to control
movements from thermal expansion as listed below and as recommended by MSS
SP. 69.
Provide hangers and supports in accordance with the following listing:
2.1.2 Horizontal-Piping Hangers and Supports:

Overhead Pipe:
 MSS type 1, adjustable steel clevis hanger for suspension of noninsulated or
insulated stationary pipes.
 MSS Type 43, adjustable roller hanger with swivel for suspension of pipes
where horizontal movement may occur because of expansion and contraction.
Holderbats for piping fixed adjacent to walls and ceilings.
Floor Mounted Pipes:
 MSS Type 38, adjustable pipe saddle support with welded joint steel pipe base
support, cast-iron floor flange and U-bolt.
2.1.3 Vertical Piping Clamp:

 MSS Type 8, Riser clamp to support and steady pipe riser.
2.1.4 Hanger-Rod Attachments:

 MSS Type 13, steel turnbuckles
 MSS Type 16, Malleable iron rod socket to attach hanger rods to various types
of building attachment
2.1.5 Hanger Rod: Hot-rolled, threaded galvanized steel. Rod size shall be as indicated
below.

Pipe Size (mm) ROD Size (mm)
50 mm and smaller 10
65-80 mm 12
100-125 mm 16
150 mm 19
200-300 mm 22
350-400 mm 25
2.1.6 Building Attachments:

 MSS Type 18, steel concrete inserts for upper attachment to suspend pipe
hangers from a concrete slab
 MSS Type 31, 32, welded steel brackets to support pipe from below for
suspending from above by using clip and rod for pipes run near wall
2.1.7 Protection Shields: MSS Type 40, of sufficient length to prevent insulation
crushing.
2.1.8 Mechanical-Anchor Fasteners: For concrete slabs greater than 100 mm thick,
insert-type attachments with pull-out and shear capacities appropriate for
supported loads and building materials where used. Fasteners for fire protection
systems include UL listing and FM approval.
2.2 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

2.2.1 Structural Steel: ASTM A 36 M, steel plates, shapes and bars, black and
galvanized.
2.2.2 Bolts and Nuts: ASME B 18.10 or ASTM A 183, steel, hex-head, track bolts and
nuts.
2.2.3 Washers: ASTM F 844, steel, plain, flat washers.
2.2.4 Field-Fabricated, Heavy-Duty Steel Trapezes: Fabricate from steel shapes

selected for loads required; weld steel in accordance with ES No. 243.
2.2.5 Cement Grout: Portland cement to ES No. 373, and clean uniformly graded,
natural sand to ES No. 1108, grading requirement as per Table 1. Mix ratio shall
be 1.0 part cement to 3.0 parts sand, by volume, with minimum amount of water
required for placement and hydration.
Table 1

Grading requirements for fine aggregates
Amounts Finer Than Each Laboratory Sieve

Sieve Size
(Square Openings), Weight Percent
1/2-in (12.5 mm) -
1/4-in ( 9.5 mm) -
No. 4 ( 4.75 mm) 100
No. 8 (2.36-mm) 95 to 100
No. 16 (1.18-mm) 70 to 100
No. 30 ( 600- m) 40 to 75
No. 50 ( 300- m) 10 to 35
No. 100 ( 150- m) 2 to 15
No. 200 ( 75- m) -
2.2.6 Maximum Pipe Support Spacing: Hangers and support spacing applied for
straight pipes shall be as follow:
Maximum Spacing (m)

Pipe Material Pipe Size (mm)
Vertical Horizontal
Steel 200 mm and 150 m 4.60 3.70
Steel 100 and smaller 3.70 3.00
Copper 25 mm and smaller 2.4 1.80
35 – 40 mm 3.0 2.4
50 mm 3.0 2.7
65 – 100 mm 3.7 3.0
For UPVC pipe support spacing refer to Section " Upvc Pipes And Fittings For
Pressure Piping"
For PP pipe support spacing refer to Section " Polypropylene Pipes And Fittings".
Additional hangers and supports shall be provided where concentrated weights
such as valves or heavy fittings, or where change of direction of the piping system,
occur between hangers.

The direct attachment of steel or iron hangers and supports and copper shall not be
allowed.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Examine substrates and conditions under which supports and anchors shall be
installed. Do not proceed with installing until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

3.2.1 General: Install hangers, supports, clamps and attachments to support piping
properly from building structure; comply with MSS SP-69 and SP-89. Arrange for
grouping of parallel runs of horizontal piping supported together on field-
fabricated, heavy-duty trapeze hangers where possible. Install supports with
maximum spacing complying with MSS SP-69 and Part 2 Item No. 2.2.6. Where
piping of various sizes is supported together by trapeze hangers, space hangers for
smallest pipe size or install intermediate supports for smaller diameter pipe as
specified above for individual pipe hangers.
Install building attachments within concrete or to structural steel. Space
attachments within maximum piping span length indicated in MSS SP-69. Install
additional attachments at concentrated loads including valves, flanges, guides,
strainers, expansion joints and at changes in direction of piping. Install concrete
inserts before concrete is placed; fasten insert to forms. Where concrete with
compressive strength equals 180 kg/cm2 is indicated, install reinforcing bars
through openings at top of inserts.
Support piping for fire protection systems independently from other piping
systems.
Install hangers and supports to allow controlled movement of piping systems, to
permit freedom of movement between pipe anchors and to facilitate action of
expansion joints, expansion loops, expansion bends and similar units.
3.2.2 Load Distribution: Install hangers and supports so that piping live and dead
loading and stresses from movement shall not be transmitted to connected
equipment.
Install hangers and supports complete with necessary inserts, bolts, rods, nuts,
washers and other accessories.
3.2.3 Pipe Slopes: Install hangers and supports to provide required pipe slopes and so
that maximum pipe deflections allowed by ASME B 31.9 is not exceeded.
3.2.4 Insulated Piping: Comply with the following installation requirements:

Clamps: Attach clamps, including spacers (if any), to piping with clamps
projecting through insulation; do not exceed pipe stresses allowed by ASME B
31.9.
Saddles: Install protection saddles MSS Type 39 where insulation without vapor

barrier is indicated. Fill interior voids with segments of insulation that match
adjoining pipe insulation.
Shields: Install protective shields MSS Type 40 on piping that has vapor barrier.
Shields shall span an arc of 180 and shall have dimensions in mm not less than the
following:
Pipe Size Length Thickness
(mm) (mm) (mm)
6 THROUGH 80 300 1.22
100 300 1.52
125 & 150 450 1.52
200 THROUGH 350 600 1.91
400 THROUGH 600 600 2.67
Pipes 200 mm and larger shall have wood inserts.

Insert material shall be at least as long as the protective shield.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF ANCHORS

3.3.1 Install anchors at proper locations to prevent stresses from exceeding those
permitted by ASME B31.9 and to prevent transfer of loading and stresses to
connected equipment.
Fabricate and install anchors by welding steel shapes, plates, and bars to piping
and to structure. Comply with ASME B 31.9 and with AWS standards D1.1.
Where expansion compensators are required, install anchors in accordance with
expansion unit manufacturer's written instructions to control movement to
compensators.
3.3.2 Anchor Spacings: Where not otherwise indicated, install anchors at ends of
principal pipe runs, at intermediate points in pipe runs between expansion loops
and bends. Make provisions for preset of anchors as required to accommodate
both expansion and contraction of piping.
3.4 INSTALLATION OF PIPE ALIGNMENT GUIDES

Install pipe alignment guides on piping that adjoins expansion joints and elsewhere
as indicated. Anchor to building substrate.
3.5 EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS

3.5.1 Fabricate structural steel stands to suspend equipment from structure above or
support equipment above floor. Use concrete bases for floor-mounted equipment.
3.5.2 Grouting: Place grout under supports for piping and equipment.

3.6 SEISMIC PROTECTION

3.6.1 Fixed Floor Mounted Equipment: Anchor equipment base to concrete by means
of bolts or inserts.
Provide, for equipment with high centre of gravity, braces at the top either
diagonally down to the floor, to structure above or to the adjacent wall to resist
overturning.
Provide also strongback steel beams to the tall equipment, on either side and span
from floor to floor with vertical slip joint connection to avoid unexpected
interaction between floor structures.
Do not use cast iron legs or threaded pipes for supporting equipment.
Provide diagonal braces between legs of equipment steel frame and provide braces
through the support structure and out of the base.
3.6.2 Fixed Suspended Equipment: Install equipment, where possible, tightly against
the structure members above to eliminate the need for bracing and to prevent
slipping.
Provide cross braces to ensure lateral stability where the equipment shall be
suspended below the supporting member.
Use struts to the structural walls, where the equipment are suspended nearby
instead of the diagonal bracing.
3.6.3 Vibration Isolated Floor Mounted Equipment: Supplement conventional

isolators with separate snubbers. Install isolators with built-in restraints and
overturning resistance.
3.6.4 Vibration Isolated Suspended Equipment: Provide independent laterally stable

frame, where space allows, around the equipment with proper operating gaps
padded with resilient material.
Install equipment as close as possible to the supporting structure. Provide diagonal
braces for hanger rods utilized to lower the equipment.
3.6.5 Piping System: Apply the same protection measures as that applicable for hanged
equipment.
Fix piping directly to structural slabs, beams, columns or walls. Pipe hangers
suspended less than 300 mm do not require additional protection.
Provide for hanger greater than 300 mm, diagonal braces to the structural above or
horizontal strut to adjacent structure.
Avoid wherever possible pipe crossing the building expansion joints. If
unavoidable keep crossing at lowest floor or provide flexible joints.
3.7 METAL FABRICATION

3.7.1 Cut, drill and fit miscellaneous metal fabrications for pipe anchors and equipment
supports. Install and align fabricated anchors in proper locations.
Fit exposed connections together to form hairline joints. Field weld connections
that cannot be shop welded because of shipping size limitations.

3.7.2 Field Welding: Comply with ES No. 435 for procedures of manual shielded
metal-arc welding, appearance and quality of welds made, methods used in
correcting welding work and the following:
 Use materials and methods that minimize distortion and develop strength and
corrosion resistance of base metals.
 Obtain fusion without undercut or overlap.
 Remove welding flux immediately.
 Finish welds at exposed connections so that no roughness shows after finishing
and contours welded surfaces match with adjacent contours.
3.8 ADJUSTING
3.8.1 Hanger Adjustment: Adjust hangers to distribute loads equally on attachments
and to achieve required slope of pipe.
3.8.2 Touch-Up Painting: Immediately after erection of anchors and supports, clean
field welds and abraded areas of shop paint and paint exposed areas with same
material as used for shop painting to comply with requirements specified in
Division 09, Section "Painting" for touch-up of field-painted surfaces.
Apply by brush or spray to provide a minimum dry film thickness of 50 microns.
For galvanized surfaces clean welds bolted connections and abraded areas and
apply galvanizing repair paint to comply with ASTM A 780.

VALVES
SECTION 15100
VALVES
PART 1 GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY
This section includes the following general duty valves common to most
mechanical piping systems.
 Gate Valves
 Globe Valves
 Check Valves
 Butterfly Valves
 Stop Valves
 Drain Cocks
 Ball Valves
Special purpose valves are specified in individual piping systems specifications.
Extent of each type of valves and nominal diameters shall be as shown on
Drawings.

Unless otherwise directed, the work of valves shall be performed in accordance
with the stipulations of the specifications indicated herein below:
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
ASTM NO.
A 27 Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
B 584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Application
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
ISO NO.
5752 Metal Valves for use in Flanged pipe systems, Face - to -Face and
Center – to – Face Dimensions
161-1 Thermoplastic pipes for the conveyance of fluids.- Nominal Outside
Diameters and nominal pressures – Metric series.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of the Contract and Division

VALVES
01 Specification Sections:
1.4.1 Product Data: Including body material, valve design, pressure and temperature
classification, end connection details, seating materials, trim material and
arrangement, dimensions and required clearances and installation instructions.

Provide valves, where possible, from a single approved source.
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

1.6.1 Preparation for Transport: Prepare valves for transportation as follows:
 Ensure valves are dry and internally protected against rust and corrosion.
 Protect valve ends against damage to threads, flange faces, and weld-end preps.
 Set valves in best position for handling. Set globe and gate valves closed to
prevent rattling; set ball and plug valves open to minimize exposure of
functional surfaces; set butterfly valves closed or slightly open; and block
swing check valves in either closed or open position.
1.6.2 Storage: Use the following precautions during storage:

Do not remove valve end protectors unless necessary for inspection; then reinstall
for storage.
Protect valves from weather. Store valves indoors. Maintain valve temperature
higher than the ambient dew point temperature. If outdoor storage is necessary,
support valves off the ground or pavement in watertight enclosures.
1.6.3 Handling: Use a sling to handle valves whose size requires handling by crane or
lift. Rig valves to avoid damage to exposed valve parts. Do not use handwheels
and stems as lifting or rigging points.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
The products specified herein are specified for the purpose of establishing minimum
quality standards. Products equal in quality to or better than those specified may be
acceptable subject to the Engineer's
2.2 VALVE FEATURES, GENERAL

2.2.1 Valve Design: Rising stem or rising outside screw and yoke stems.
Nonrising Stem Valves may be used where headroom prevents full extension of
rising stems.
2.2.2 Pressure and Temperature Ratings: As required to suit system pressures and
temperatures.

VALVES
2.2.3 Sizes: Same size as upstream pipe, unless otherwise indicated.
2.2.4 Operators: Provide the following special operator features:

 Handwheels, fastened to valve stem, for valves other than quarter turn.
 Lever handles on quarter-turn valves 150 mm and smaller, except for plug
valves. Provide plug valves with square heads; provide one wrench for every
10 plug valves.
 Chain-wheel operators for valves 65 mm and larger, installed 1800 mm or
higher above finished floor elevation. Extend chains to an elevation of 1500
mm above finished floor elevation.
2.3 MATERIAL AND MARKING

Bronze valves used with the domestic cold and hot water system shall be resistant
to dezincification. Under no circumstances shall "Duplex" brass fittings be used.
Cast iron valves used with domestic cold and hot water system shall be lined.
Each valve shall be marked with cast-on lettering giving the following
information:
 Manufacturer's Name or Trade Mark
 Size of Valve
 Guaranteed Working Pressure
 International Standard Reference
2.4 GATE VALVES

2.4.1 Gate Valves 50 mm and Smaller: Class 125, body and union bonnet of ASTM B
62 cast bronze; with threaded ends, solid disc, copper-silicon alloy stem, bronze
packing gland, "Teflon" impregnated packing and malleable iron handwheel.
2.4.2 Gate Valves, 65 mm and Larger: Class 125, cast iron body, bronze mounted,
with body and bonnet conforming to ASTM 126 Class B; with flanged ends,
"Teflon" impregnated packing and two-piece packing gland assembly, solid wedge
type gate-high tensile forged bronze spindle engaging a gunmetal nut at the top of
the gate, cast iron spindle caps and handwheels.
2.4.3 Gate Valves, 65 mm and Larger (Out Side Work):

Type: Resilent seated, non-rising stem, operated by handwheels, and closing
clockwise with direction of operation clearly casted on the handwheel.
The nominal operating torque of closure and opening shall be appropriate for
manual operation using T- Key. All valves shall be provided with extension
spindles.
The valve shall be designed for no leakage under flow from either direction at a
differential pressure across the gate of 10.1 times the rated working pressure. The
valve shall be capable of being operated under the maximum unbalanced pressure
that may occur.
Face to Face Dimensions shall conform to ISO 5752 / 15.
Buried Valves double Socket ends, whereas valves inside different structures shall

VALVES
be flanged if use valve with flanges as buried must be used flange adaptor with
encasement P.E-S250 micron.
When connected to UPVC Pipes, socketed ends shall conform to ISO 161-1.
Material: Shall be as follows:
− The valve Body, Bonnet, and wedge body shall be Ductile Iron to DIN 1693 –
GGG 40/50.
− The wedge shall be completely encapsulated with an EPDM rubber. the rubber
coating thickness shall be a minimum of 2 mm on the flow surfaces and 4 mm
on sealing surfaces.
− The stem (spindle) shall be Stainless steel 316 L to DIN 17400 - 1.4028. The
stem nut shall be of resistant Brass, CZ 132 to BS 2872 forged integral with the
wedge. Pins, clamps, screws and other means of attachment are not acceptable.
− All Sealing rings of the bonnet and the stem shall be of EPDM with outside
plastic bearings.
− The Bonnet bolts shall be of Stainless steel 1.4401. Nuts, bolts, and washers
for Flanges shall be of high tensile steel, hot dipped galvanized to BS 729.
− The valve Body and Bonnet shall be internally and externally coated with non-
toxic fusion bonded epoxy powder coat with a minimum dry film thickness of
250 micron.
Rating: Shall be as follows:
 Working pressure 16 bars
2.5 GLOBE VALVES

2.5.1 Globe Valves, 50 mm and Smaller: Class 125; body and screwed bonnet of
ASTM B 62 cast bronze, with threaded ends, replaceable composition disc,
copper-silicon alloy stem, bronze packing gland, "Teflon" impregnated packing
and malleable iron handwheel.
2.5.2 Globe Valves, 65 mm and Larger: Class 125; cast iron body and bolted bonnet
conforming to ASTM A 126, Class B; with outside screw and yoke, bronze
mounted, flanged ends and "Teflon"impregnated packing and two-piece backing
gland assembly.
2.6 CHECK VALVES

2.6.1 Swing Check Valves 50 mm and Smaller: Class 125; cast-bronze body and cap
conforming to ASTM B 62; with horizontal swing, Y-pattern and bronze disc and
having threaded ends. Provide valves capable of being reground while the valve
remains in the line.
2.6.2 Wafer Check Valves 65 mm and Larger: Class 125; cast iron body, to ASTM
A-126 Class (B) flanged ends with replaceable bronze seat and non-slam design
lapped and balanced with bronze flabbers and stainless steel trim and torsion
spring. Provide valves designed to open and close at approximately 3 kPa
pressure. Provide valves capable of being refitted while the valve remains in the
line.

VALVES
2.6.3 Check Valve with Controlled Closing: Class 125, cast iron body to ASTM A-
126 Class (B), flanged ends ductile iron disc provided with a bronze seat ring. The
body shall be two piece, the seat set on a 55 angle. Each body half must have an
access cover hole. The disc pivot pins and bushing shall be in stainless steel.
The valve shall be equipped with a device designed to allow the valve to open
fully without interference and to close freely for approximately 90% of its strike,
and final control speed of closing through the last 10% of closing.
2.7 FLOAT VALVES

2.7.1 Type: Float valves shall be of the elbow type, installed at the end of the inlet pipe,
totally closed when the float is at the end of its travel. The valve shall be able to
connect an extension pipe to its outlet.
Valve shall have flanged end conforming to ISO 2531, and shall be able to connect
an extension pipe to its outlet.
2.7.2 Material: Shall be as follows:

− The valve body shall be Ductile Iron to DIN 1693-GGG 40/50.
− Valve disc, seat, guides and piston holder shall be of gunmetal.
− The valve lever shall be of stainless steel or brass, and the float shall be of
stainless steel conforming to ASTM A 240 T 304.
− Liner and pins shall be of bronze, with synthetic rubber face and seals
2.8 BUTTERFLY VALVES

2.8.1 Butterfly Valves 65 mm and Larger: Rated for 850 kPa, cast-iron body
conforming to ASTM A 126, Class B. Provide valves with field replaceable
EPDM sleeve, nickel-plated ductile iron disc, stainless steel stem, EPDM O-ring
stem seals and lever operators with locks. Provide lug or wafer type as indicated.
Drill and tap valves on dead-end service or requiring additional body strength.
Provide, for insulated valves, a long neck feature.
2.9 BALL VALVES

2.9.1 Ball Valves 25 mm and Smaller: Rated for 850 kPa; two-piece construction, with
bronze body conforming to ASTM B 62, standard (or regular) port, chrome-plated
brass ball, replaceable "Teflon" or "TFE" seats and seals, blowout-proof stem, and
vinyl-covered steel handle with threaded ends.
2.9.2 Ball Valves 35 mm to 50 mm: Rated for 850 kPa; 3-piece construction, with
bronze body conforming to ASTM B 62, conventional port, chrome-plated brass
ball, replaceable "Teflon" or "TFE" seats and seals, blowout proof stem and vinyl-
covered steel handle with threaded ends.
2.10 STOP VALVES

Stop valves shall be screw down pattern, with chrome plated gunmetal bodies and
screwed connections.

VALVES
2.11 DRAIN COCKS

Drain cocks shall be plug type with hose union connector, loose key and gunmetal
body.
2.12 IDENTIFICATION LABELS

All stop valves shall be provided with white plastic identification labels indicating
in black lettering the number and duty of the valve.
2.12.1 Accessories: Each hydrant shall be equipped with a service box, buried gate valve
with surface box and extension tube, and horizontal ductile iron pipe connected to
the main pipe. All the above mentioned accessories with all mechanical
components needed for installation as indicated on drawings shall not be measured
or paid for, but shall be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the respective
items of the Bill of Quantities.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Examine valve interior through the end ports, for cleanliness, freedom from
foreign matter and corrosion. Remove special packing materials, such as blocks
used to prevent disc movement during shipping and handling.
Actuate valve through an open-close and close-open cycle. Examine functionally
significant features, such as guides and seats made accessible by such actuation.
Following examination, return the valve closure member to the shipping position.
Examine threads on both the valve and the mating pipe for form (i.e., out-of-round
or local indentation) and cleanliness.
Examine mating flange faces for conditions which might cause leakage. Check
bolting for proper size, length and material. Check gasket material for proper size,
material composition suitable for service and freedom from defects and damage.
Prior to valve installation examine the piping for cleanliness, freedom from foreign
materials and proper alignment.
Replace defective valves with new valves.
3.2 VALVE ENDS SELECTION

Select valves with the following ends or types of pipe/tube connections:
3.2.1 Pipe Sizes 50 mm and Smaller: Threaded.
Pipe Sizes 65 mm and Larger: flanged.
3.3 VALVE INSTALLATIONS

3.3.1 General Application: Use gate, ball and butterfly valves for shut-off duty; globe
and butterfly for throttling duty. Refer to piping system specification sections for
specific valve applications and arrangements.
Locate valves for easy access and provide separate support where necessary.

VALVES
Provide dielectric insulation for connecting bronze valves with steel piping.
Install valves and unions for each fixture and item of equipment arranged to allow
equipment removal without system shutdown. Unions are not required on flanged
devices.
Install three-valve bypass around each pressure reducing valve using throttling-
type valves.
Install valves in horizontal piping with stem at or above the centre of the pipe.
Install valves in a position to allow full stem movement.
Install swing check valves for proper direction of flow, i.e, horizontal position with
hinge pin level.
Provide surface box assemblies for operating buried valves with T-handled key.
3.3.2 Threaded Connections: Note the internal length of threads in valve ends and
proximity of valve internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be
threaded into valve.
Align threads at point of assembly.
Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to the external pipe threads (except
where dry seal threading is specified).
Assemble joint, wrench tight. Wrench on valve shall be on the valve end into
which the pipe is being threaded.
3.3.3 Flanged Connections: Align flange surfaces parallel.

Assemble joints by sequencing bolt tightening to make initial contact of flanges
and gaskets as flat and parallel as possible. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads.
Tighten bolts gradually and uniformly using a torque wrench.
For dead-end service, butterfly valves require flanges both upstream and
downstream for proper shutoff and retention.
3.4 FIRE HYDRANT

Install each fire hydrant with separate gate valve on supply pipe, anchor with
restrained joints or thrust blocks.
3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.5.1 Testing: After piping systems have been tested and put into service, but before
final adjusting and balancing, inspect valves for leaks. Adjust or replace packing
to stop leaks; replace valve if leak persists.
3.6 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING

3.6.1 Cleaning: Clean mill scale, grease and protective coatings from exterior of valves
and prepare valves to receive finish painting or insulation.

UPVC PIPES AND FITTINGS FOR PRESSURE PIPING
SECTION 15141
PART 1 GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY
1.2.1 This section specifies unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes and fittings
for internal cold water supply works for both aboveground and underground
installations, pressurized wastewater system ( pressure main ) as required by the
Contract.
1.2.2 Related Sections: The following sections include requirements which relate to this
section:
 Division 02 Section "Earthwork":
 Division 03 Section "Concrete and Reinforced Concrete"
 Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports"
 Division 15 Section "Plumbing Works"

The work of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes and fittings shall
conform to the stipulations of the latest edition of the German Standards (DIN),
Egyptian Standard Specifications (ES), the British Standard Specifications (BS)
and the specifications of the American Society for Testing and Materials as noted
herein below or other equivalent international standards.
ASTM – D 1785 UPVC Pipes.Schedule 80
ASTM – D 2467 UPVC Fittings Schedule 80
ASTM – D 2464 UPVC Fittings Schedule 80
DIN 8061 - 8062 UPVC Pipes – Dimensions
DIN 8063 UPVC Fittings
1.4 SUBMITTALS
01 Specification sections:
 Materials list and manufacturer’s data
 Certificates of compliance
 Representative samples of pipes, fittings and accessories to be used in the work
 Shop drawings
 Installation structure and method of jointing

 Post-installation test procedures

 Maintenance data

1.5.1 Inspection and Test by the Manufacturer: Pipe and fittings shall be thoroughly
inspected by the manufacturer before delivery. The manufacturer shall make all
tests as specified herein and the results of the tests shall be furnished to the
contractor upon request in accordance with mutually acceptable arrangement. The
manufacturer may use his own or other suitable facilities for the performance of the
inspection and test requirements specified herein. Fittings shall be suitably
inspected for soundness and fragility.
1.5.2 Certification: The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer, prior the delivery of
goods, the conformance certification of the manufacturer, test results or copies of
test reports which include specific gravity, coefficient of linear expansion, thermal
conductivity at 20°C, specific heat, softening water absorption, maximum
continuous temperature rating, tensile strength, resistance limit under constant load,
modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, compressive strength, elongation at break,
flame retardant and other required test reports.

Care shall be exercised in handling, loading, transporting unloading and storing
pipes and fittings to avoid distribution, scratches, gouges, dents and particular
scuffing of the ends. Pipes shall be transported in a vehicle having a bed long
enough to provide support for the full length of the pipe. Pipe or fitting that has
been damaged or distorted shall be replaced. Pipes and fittings shall be stored
under cover in a flat horizontal position to prevent sagging or bending and
protected from direct sunlight and harmful soil elements until ready for installation.
Place no pipe or other material inside any other pipe at any time.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 PIPE, FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES

2.1.1 General: Pipe, fittings and accessories shall be produced from a material
substantially consisting of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC). Only those
additives that are needed may be used for the manufacture of the polymer and for
its conversion into sound, durable extrusions or moldings of good surface finish,
mechanical strength and opacity.
Pipes and fittings shall be of solvent cemented type joints and flanged with flange
adaptors.
2.1.2 Cutting to Length and Chamfering: Pipes shall be of such kind that can be cut to
length using fine tooth wood saw, a wheel type plastic tubing cutter, or hacksaw
and of an end which can be chamfered with one of the special hand tools developed
for shaping plastics.
2.1.3 Material: Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC).

2.1.4 Dimensions:
Pipes: According to ASTM – D 1785 ( SCH. 80).
Fittings: According to ASTM – D 2467 ( SCH. 80) , D 2464 ( SCH. 80)
2.1.5 Quality: Pipes and fittings: According to BS EN ISO 900 : 2000.
2.1.6 Operating Pressure: For cold water at 20°C: up to 20 bar pipes & fittings. The
regulations and guide-lines-dealing with the different fields of application are to be
observed.
2.1.7 Physical Characteristics:

General Properties and Appearances: Pipes shall be reasonably round, homogenous
throughout, free from voids, cracks and other defects that would impair the
performance in service; and as uniform as commercially practical in color, density
and other physical properties.
Pipe surface shall be free from nicks, scratches and other blemishes. The joining
surfaces of pipe shall be free from gauges and other imperfections that may cause
leakage at joints.
The internal and external surfaces of pipe shall be smooth, clean and reasonably
free from grooving and other defects. Pipes shall be reasonably straight.
2.1.8 Marking: Pipes shall be indelibly marked. In no case shall mark intervals exceed
3 m. Pipe markings shall continuously include the following:
 Manufacturer’s name
 Nominal size
 Identification code
All fittings shall be marked on the body on hub on both sides. The marking shall,
at least consist of the manufacturer’s name or trace mark or both.
2.2 JOINTING
Solvent cement jointing as per installation requirements and manufacturer’s
recommendations.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
Comply to Division 15 Section “Plumbing Works” and the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
3.2 PREPARATION FOR JOINTING

Cut the pipe at right angles to the pipe end, cut off at least 5 cm beyond any visible

crack.
Take care that the pipe end is free from burrs or cutting chips and remove if
necessary.
Mark the welding depth at the end of the pipe
Mark the desired position of the fitting on the pipe and/or fitting.
3.3 JOINTING
The pipe cut with a wheel-type plastic tubing cutter, a hack saw or other fine
toothed hand or power saws. Use of ratchet cutters is permitted. Ensure that the
cut is square when using a saw.
Cutting tubing as squarely as possible provides optimal bonding area within the
joint. If any indication of damage or cracking is evident at the tubing end, cut off
at least 5 cm beyond any visible crack.
Burrs and filings can prevent proper contact between tube and fitting during
assembly, and should be removed from the outside and inside of the tubing.
Use pocketknife or file are suitable for chamfering.
A slight bevel on the end of the tubing will ease entry of the tubing into the fitting
socket and minimize the chances of pushing solvent cement to the bottom of the
joint.
Wipe any dirt or moisture from the fitting sockets and tubing end. The tubing
should make contact with the socket wall 1/3 to 2/3 of the way into the fitting
socket, tubing should not bottom out in the socket.
Primer or cleaner prepares the bonding area for the addition of solvent cement and
subsequent assembly. A dauber or natural bristle paint brush approximately ½ the
size of the tubing diameter is appropriate. Apply primer to both the outside of the
tubing end and in the fitting socket.
Do not allow primer to puddle in the fitting.
Use only uPVC solvent cement when the primed pipe and fitting surfaces are dry,
apply a heavy, even coat of cement on the tubing end. Apply a thin coat inside the
fitting socket.
Immediately, insert the tubing into the fitting socket, rotating the tubing ¼ to ½
turn while inserting. This motion ensures an even distribution of cement with the
joint. Properly align the fitting. Hold the assembly for approximately 10 seconds.
Allowing the joint to set-up. An even bead of cement should be evident around the
joint. If this bead is not continuous around the socket edge, it may indicate that
insufficient cement was applied. In this case, remake the joint to avoid potential
leaks. Wipe excess cement from the tubing and fittings surfaces for an attractive,
professional appearance.
3.4 PIPE MOVEMENTS

Provide expansion joint to prevent pipe movements due to thermal expansion or to
relevant movements at building expansion joints. When underground pipe
extended outside the building structure, provide pipes in shell for inside and
outside the building structures.

Indicate clearly on shop drawings the locations and details of expansion joints.
Apply as a guide the following installation procedure:
 The maximum distance between entry and the nearest fixed point must be 500
mm.
 Where pipework penetrates a fire barrier, the pipe must be fire stopped. If this
prevents thermal movement expansion joints must be provided.
 Use suitable pipe clamp taking into consideration the pipe route has to be
planned and installed in a way that the pipe is free-moving within the
determined expansion as recommended by Manufacturer.
 Maximum vertical support intervals must not exceed 1800 mm for all sizes.
3.5 MAXIMUM SUPPORT DISTANCES

Support independently every length of pipe. Intermediate supports should be
provided for long lengths of pipe where necessary in accordance with Table 1.
Hangers and straps shall not compress, distort, cut or abrade the piping. Maintain
vertical piping in straight alignment.
Table 1
Maximum Supporting Distances
Maximum Support Distances

Nominal Size mm
Horizontal m Vertical m
100 and smaller 0.9 1.8
150 1.2 1.8
Ensure that the supporting system shall accommodate expansion and contraction.
Use only supports that fit accurately to the pipes and fittings.
3.6 TESTING
Apply hydraulic leakage test. Do not apply smoke testing for UPVC pipe work
unless, after obtaining Engineer’s approval, be certain that the products of
combustion of the smoke generating set will have no detrimental effect on UPVC.

UPVC PIPE AND FITTINGS FOR DRAINAGE
SECTION 15151
PART 1 GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY
1.2.1 This section specifies UPVC and MUPVC pipe and fittings for internal and
external drainage works for both aboveground and underground installations as
required by the Contract.
Pipes and fittings 50 mm and smaller shall be constructed of Modified
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride, MUPVC.
Pipes and fittings 80 mm and larger shall be constructed of Unplasticized
Polyvinyl Chloride UPVC.
Integrated UPVC and MUPVC systems shall be installed and tested in accordance
with the requirements of Division15 Section “Plumbing Works”.
this section:
 Division 02 Section "Earthwork"
 Division 03 Section "Cast-In-Place Concrete
1.3 REFERENCES
The work of UPVC and MUPVC pipes and fittings shall conform to the
stipulations of the latest edition of the American Society for Testing and Materials,
and the specifications of the Saudi Standard Specifications (SS) as noted herein
below or other equivalent international standards.
ASTM No.
D 2584 Solvent Cement for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and
Fittings
D 2665 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) PVC Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and
Fittings.
1.4 SUBMITTALS

 Shop drawings

inspected by the manufacturer before delivery. The manufacturer shall make all
tests as specified herein and the results of the tests shall be furnished to the
contractor upon request in accordance with mutually acceptable arrangement The
manufacturer may use his own or other suitable facilities for the performance of
the inspection and test requirements specified herein. On the sample pieces
selected for inspection, the inside diameter of the spigot end shall be checked by
suitable gauges. Fittings shall be suitably inspected for soundness and brittleness.
conductivity at 20°C, specific heat, softening water absorption, point vicat,
maximum continuous temperature rating, tensile strength, resistance limit under
constant load, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, compressive strength,
elongation at break, flame retardant and other required test reports.

protected from direct sunlight and harmful soil elements until ready for
installation.
PART 2 PRODUCTS

substantially consisting of unplasticiezed polyvinyl chloride. Only those additives
that are needed may be used for the manufacture of the polymer and for its
conversion into sound, durable extrusions or mouldings of good surface finish,
mechanical strength and opacity.

Pipe and fittings shall be of spigot and socket type.
2.1.2 Dimensions: Pipes 80 mm and larger shall conform to the outside diameters and
wall thickness as described in (SS).
Pipe 50 mm and smaller shall conform to the requirements of ASTM 2665.
2.1.3 Lengths: Pipes shall be supplied in straight lengths, normally of 1.8 m, 2.4 m and
3 m or other lengths as may be agreed upon between the Contractor and
manufacturer and approved by the Engineer.
length using fine tooth wood saw or hacksaw and of an end which can be
chamfered with one of the special hand tools developed for shaping plastics.
Apply lubricant to the chamfered spigot end.

General Properties and Appearances: Pipes shall be reasonably round,
homogenous throughout, free from voids, cracks and other defects that would
impair the performance in service; and as uniform as commercially practical in
color, density and other physical properties.
surfaces of pipe shall be free from gauges and other imperfections that may cause
leakage at joints.
Heat Reversion: When tested, no point all around the pipe shall have a length
change in excess of 5% at 150 + 2°C. After testing, the pipe shall show no faults
such as cracks, cavities or blisters.
Opacity: Pipes shall be fully opaque and when tested the wall of pipe shall not
transmit more than 0.2% of the visible light falling onto it.
2.1.6 Chemical Characteristics: UPVC pipe and fittings shall be tested for water
absorption, resistance to acetone and resistance to sulpheric acid and shall comply
with requirements of MUPVC pipe and fittings shall comply to the requirements of
ASTM 2665.
2.1.7 Mechanical Characteristics: UPVC pipes and fittings shall comply with
requirements of MUPVC pipes and fittings shall comply with the requirements of
ASTM 2665.
 Nominal size

2.2 RUBBER RINGS

Rubber sealing rings shall be synthetic rubber rings complying with the
requirements of ASTM 2665.
Rings shall be smooth and free from air marks and other blemishes.
Rings shall be homogeneous, free from porosity, grit, blisters and visible surface
imperfections. The rubber shall not contain more than one part, by weight, of
paraffin wax per hundred parts of rubber.
Rubber rings when tested by immersion in water at a temperature of 25 + 1°C for 7
days shall not absorb more than 3%, by weight, of water.
Rings shall be rapid installing even in rainy, windy or hot weathers.
Only tiny deformation of the material while socketing and forming grooves may be
accepted at the discretion of the Engineer.
2.3 SOLVENT CEMENT

Type recommended by manufacturer for use with employed pipes and conforming
to ASTM D 2584.
2.4 CLEANING FLUID

Type recommended by manufacturer for use with approved pipes.
2.5 LUBRICANT
Type recommended by manufacturer for use with approved pipes
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
Conform to Division 15 Section “Plumbing Works” and the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
3.2 CUTTING TO LENGTH AND CHAMFERING

Use fine tooth hand saw to cut pipes. Ends shall be cut straight and at right angles
to the pipe axis. The cut spigot end shall be chamfered by drawing a line around
the pipe at least 10 mm from the end, then chamfer the pipe with medium least 10
mm from the end, then chamfer the pipe with medium file or rasp to remove Swarf.
3.3 JOINING AND CONNECTION

The joining of UPVC/MUPVC pipe to UPVC/MUPVC pipe and fittings shall be
done as specified. The connections of UPVC/MUPVC to other.

Materials shall be done with suitable adaptors and techniques. All joints and the
preparation thereof, shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed
instructions and as hereinafter specified.
The Contractor shall provide for the Engineer’s approval, all joining and
connection systems.
3.4 RING RUBBER JOINTING

Mark the insertion depth from the end of the pipe, making an allowance for
expansion of 10 mm between end of pipe and bottom of socket. Cut pipe and
chamfer the end. Lubricate the ring.
Clean the recess within the pipe socket and insert the joint ring. Apply a small
amount of lubricant or petroleum jelly to the chamfered spigot end. Align the pipe
spigot with the socket and push firmly through the joint ring.
Adjust the spigot position so that the insertion depth mark is flush with the face of
the socket. Fittings must not be cut off.
3.5 SOLVENT WELD JOINTING

Cut pipe square and remove burrs. Clean pipe end and socket of fitting with
cleaning fluid, then apply solvent weld cement with a clean brush to contacting
surfaces. Assemble immediately and press together. Ensure alignment and
remove excess cement. Set assembled joint in position for 5 minutes before
handling. Do not test joint before 12 hours.
Use the solvent strictly in accordance with the instructions on the can labels. Do
not dilute solvent cement weld under any circumstances.
Take safety measures while applying cleaning fluids and solvents do not smoke, do
not inhale. Avoid direct skin contact. Ensure free ventilation. Replace cap
immediately to prevent inflammable vapor leakage.
Do not apply solvent weld cement after expiry of half life. Check the expiry date
printed on every can prior to use. Do not use solvents contained in cans with our
expiry date printed thereon.
3.6 PIPE MOVEMENTS

extended outside the building structure, provide rocker pipes inside and outside the
building structural.
 Where boss or branch connections are made, the maximum distance between
entry and the nearest fixed point must be 500 mm.
 Use seal ring connectors between fixed points allowing for thermal movement.

 When a waste pipe connection is made to the stack use an expansion coupling
above the boss connector to the stack.
 Fix WC branch connections to avoid movement of WC pan seal.

Support independently every length of pipe. Intermediate supports should be provided
for long lengths of pipe where necessary in accordance with Table 1.
Hangers and straps shall not compress, distort, cut or abrade the piping and shall
allow free movement of the pipe. Maintain vertical piping in straight alignment.
Support trap arms in excess of 900 mm long, as close as possible to the trap.
Table 1
Maximum Support Distances

Nominal Size
Horizontal Vertical
mm m m
150 1.2 1.8
3.8 TESTING
Apply hydraulic leakage test. Do not apply smoke testing for UPVC plastic pipe
work unless, after obtaining Engineer’s approval, be certain that the products of
combustion of the smoke generating set will have no detrimental effect on plastic.

POLYPROPYLENE PIPES AND FITTINGS
SECTION 15152
PART 1 GENERAL

1.2 SUMMARY
1.2.1 This section specifies polypropylene pipes and fittings for internal and external
water supply works for both aboveground and underground installations as
required by the Contract.
this section:
 Division 03 Section "Cast in place concrete"
 Division 15 Section " Hangers and Supports for Plumbing Piping and
Equipment "
1.3 REFERENCES
The work of polypropylene pipes and fittings shall conform to the stipulations of
the latest edition of the Egyptian Standard Specifications (ES), the British
Standard Specifications (BS) and the specifications of the American Society for
Testing and Materials as noted herein below.
DIN 8077 Polypropylene (PP) Pipes, Dimensions
DIN 8078 Polypropylene (PP) Pipes, General Quality Requirements
DIN 16962 Pipe Joints Assemblies and Fittings for Polypropylene Pipes
1.4 SUBMITTALS
 Shop drawings
 Installation instruction and method of jointing


conductivity at 20°C, specific heat, softening water absorption, maximum
continuous temperature rating, tensile strength, resistance limit under constant
load, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, compressive strength, elongation at
break, flame retardant and other required test reports.

protected from direct sunlight and harmful soil elements until ready for
installation.
PART 2 PRODUCTS

substantially consisting of polypropylene. Only those additives that are needed
may be used for the manufacture of the polymer and for its conversion into sound,
durable extrusions or mouldings of good surface finish, mechanical strength and
opacity.
Pipes and fittings shall be of soldered or screwed type joints and flanged with
flange adaptors.
length using fine tooth wood saw or hacksaw and of an end which can be
chamfered with one of the special hand tools developed for shaping plastics.
2.1.3 Material: Polypropylene random-copolymerisate of high molecular weight and

stabilized to high temperature.
Cold water system, hot water to use pipes & fittings PN 20 mechanically stabilized
by fiber compound mixture in the middle layer of material ppr.
Cold water system, hot water system in exposed installations, external works &
shafts to use pipes & fittings of PN 20 mechanically stabilized by means of
integrated combination with aluminium external layer UV stabilized.
2.1.4 Dimensions:
Pipes: According to DIN 8077.

Fittings: According to DIN 16962, Part 6 to 9 (pipe connections and fittings for
polypropylene) injection molded fittings, dimensions tolerance + 1 mm.
2.1.5 Quality:
Pipes: According to DIN 8078.
Fittings: According to DIN 16962 Part 5A (E Type 3).
2.1.6 Operating Pressure: For cold water at 20°C: up to 20 bar. For hot water at 70°C:
up to 10 bar. The regulations and guide-lines-dealing with the different fields of
application are to be observed.
2.1.7 Chemical Resistance: Detailed information the chemical resistance of

polypropylene pipes and pipelines is available in Annex 1 to DIN 8078.

General Properties and Appearances: Pipes shall be reasonably round,
homogenous throughout, free from voids, cracks and other defects that would
impair the performance in service; and as uniform as commercially practical in
color, density and other physical properties.
surfaces of pipe shall be free from gouges and other imperfections that may cause
leakage at joints.
Heat Reversion: When tested, no point all around the pipe shall have a length
change in excess of 5% at 150 + 2°C. After testing, the pipe shall show no faults
such as cracks, cavities or blisters.
Opacity: Pipes shall be fully opaque and when tested the wall of pipe shall not
transmit more than 0.2% of the visible light falling onto it.
 Nominal size
2.2 JOINTING
Fusion jointing by heat welding and/or electric welding sockets as per installation
requirements and manufacturer’s recommendations.
PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL
Conform to Division 15, Section “Plumbing Works” and the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
3.2 PREPARATION FOR THE FUSION

Cut the pipe at right angles to the pipe axis.
Take care that the pipe axis is free from burrs or cutting chips and remove if
necessary.
Mark the welding depth at the end of the pipe.
Mark the desired position of the fitting on the pipe and/or fitting.
3.3 FUSION WELD JOINTING

Push the end of the pipe, without turning, up to the marked welding depth into the
welding tool.
At the same time push the fitting, without turning, right down to the welding tool.
It is essential to observe the recommended heating times.
The heating time starts, when pipe and fitting have been pushed to the correct
welding depth on the welding tool.
After the stipulated heating time quickly remove pipe and fitting from the welding
tools. Join them immediately, and without turning, until the marked welding depth
is covered by the bead of PP from the fitting.
Do not push the pipe too far into the fitting, as this would reduce the bore and in
an extreme case close the pipe.
After the cooling period the fused joint is ready for use.
Immediately before welding take the electric welding socket out of the protective
packing.
If the electric socket should be dirty, because clean its inner surface with non-
grease alcohol. Use only lintfree, clean linen or cotton cloths (no synthetic fibre).
Do not touch the welding surfaces of pipe and electric sockets after their cleaning.
In order to avoid that the pipe has not been put deep enough into the welding
socket, it is recommended to mark the welding depth.
Put both pipe ends completely into the electric welding socket. Ensure that the
pipes are squarly put into the electric welding socket and that the pipe ends cannot
slip out.
Connect the plugs of the device with the electric welding socket.
3.4 PIPE MOVEMENTS

extended outside the building structure, provide pipes in shell for inside and
outside the building structures.

 The maximum distance between entry and the nearest fixed point must be 500
mm.
 Use suitable pipe clamp taking into consideration the pipe route has to be
planned and installed in a way that the pipe is free-moving within the
determined expansion as recommended by Manufacturer.

Support independently every length of pipe. Intermediate supports should be
provided for long lengths of pipe where necessary in accordance with Table 1.
Hangers and straps shall not compress, distort, cut or abarde the piping. Maintain
vertical piping in straight alignment.
Table 1
Nominal Size Maximum Support Distances
Horizontal Vertical
MM M M
3.6 TESTING
Apply hydraulic leakage test. Do not apply smoke testing for polypropylene pipe
work unless, after obtaining Engineer’s approval, be certain that the products of
combustion of the smoke generating set will have no detrimental effect on
polypropylene.

FIRE PROTECTION
SECTION 15300
FIRE PROTECTION
PART 1 GENERAL

Drawings and General provisions of Contract, including General and
Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this
section.
1.2 SUMMARY
This section specifies automatic sprinkler system, fire hose reel system and hose
valves (standpipe) system. Materials and equipment specified in this Section
include:
 Pipe, fittings, valves, and specialties.
 Sprinklers, fire hose reel, hose valves, fire cabinets and accessories.
 Fire extinguishers.
Products furnished but not installed: Include sprinkler head cabinets with spare
sprinkler heads.
1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Fire protection system includes combined automatic sprinkler system using
automatic sprinkler heads, hose reels in addition to hose valves that is attached to a
wet piping system and connected to the pressurized site fire water main network,
so that water discharges immediately from the sprinkler heads opened by fire.
Water discharges immediately also when using any hose reel or hose valve. The
fire department hose valves and fire department hoses to be operated by fire
department personnel. Various types of portable fire extinguishers are distributed
throughout the building to provide first aid protection in compatible with the fire
hose reels. An underground fire water tank and fire pump room shall be installed at
site outside the building that shall provide the system with the fire water. A fire
department connection is attached to each riser that shall be used by the fire truck
to provide the system by a pressurized water in case of shortage or no water at the
fire water tank.
1.4 RELATED SECTIONS

The following Sections contain requirements which relate to this Section:
 Division 15 Section "Valves"
 Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports"
 Division 15 Section "Steel Pipes and Fittings for Fire Protection Systems"
1.5 DEFINITIONS
1.5.1 Pipe Sizes: used in this Specification are Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) in mm.
1.5.2 Other Definitions for fire protection systems are listed in NFPA 13 and 14
Standards.

FIRE PROTECTION
1.5.3 Working Plans as used in this section means those documents (including
drawings and calculations) prepared by contractor pursuant to the requirements
contained in NFPA 13 for obtaining the approval of the Engineer.
1.6 SUBMITTALS
01 Specifications Sections.
1.6.1 Product Data: For each type of sprinkler heads, valves, piping specialty, fire
protection specialty, fire department connection, hose reel, hose valves, hoses, fire
extinguishers and fire cabinets.
1.6.2 Computer Calculation: For the automatic sprinkler system, hose reels and hose
valves systems and according to the regulations of NFPA 13 and NFPA 14.
1.6.3 Shop Drawings: Prepared in accordance with latest edition of NFPA 13 identified
as "Working Plans", showing layout and connections.
1.6.4 Record Drawings: At project close-out, submit drawings of installed systems in

accordance with requirements of Division 01.
1.6.5 Maintenance Data: For each type of sprinkler heads, valves, piping specialty, fire
protection specialty, fire department connection, hose reel, hose valves, hoses, fire
extinguishers and fire cabinets. For inclusion in operation and maintenance manual
specified in Division 01.
1.6.6 Samples: Submit catalogs or representative samples of all materials to be used in

the work.
Install Welder’s Qualification Certificates

1.7.1 Design Criteria: Provide complete fire protection systems as indicated on the
drawings and as required by local authorities.
Where there is conflict between local authority (Civil Defense) requirements and
the drawings, specifications or other standard agency requirements, the
requirements of local authorities shall govern.
1.7.2 Installer Qualifications: Installation of fire protection piping, equipment,

specialties and accessories, repair and servicing of equipment shall be performed
only by a qualified installer, having a minimum of 5 previous projects similar in
size and scope to this project and familiar with all precautions required. Submit
evidence of such qualifications to the Engineer.
1.7.3 Qualifications for Welding Processes and Operators: Comply with the
requirements of AWS D10.9, Specifications for Qualifications of Welding
Procedures and Welders for Piping and Tubing, Level AR-3".
1.7.4 Single Source Responsibility: Obtain components, and accessories from a single
source. Include the source with responsibility and accountability to answer and

FIRE PROTECTION
resolve problems regarding compatibility, installation, performance and

acceptance set.
1.8 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Comply with the requirements of the following codes:
NFPA 10 Portable Fire Extinguishers
NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 14 Stand-pipe and hose systems
1.9 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

Schedule rough-in installations with installations of other building components.
1.10 EXTRA MATERIALS

1.10.1 Valve Wrenches: Furnish to Employer, 2 valve wrenches for each type of valves
installed.
1.10.2 Sprinkler Heads and Cabinets: Furnish extra sprinkler heads of each style
included in the project as indicated on drawings. Furnish each style with its own
sprinkler head cabinet and special wrenches as specified in this Section.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
Manufacturers are subject to compliance with the specification requirements of
this section.
2.2 PIPES AND FITTINGS

Refer to specification division 15 Section "steel pipes and fittings" and the general
notes drawing.
2.3 JOINING MATERIALS

Refer to specification division 15 Section "steel pipes and fittings" and the general
notes drawing.
2.4 GENERAL DUTY VALVES

Valves used within the fire protection systems shall be UL listed, FM approved
rated for 1200 KPa working pressure.
2.4.1 Gate Valves - 50 mm and Smaller: Outside screw and yoke gate valves, 1,200
kPa (12 bar), bronze body, bronze mounted, screwed bonnet, rising stem, solid
wedge, with normally open supervisory/tamper switch with double wire leads.
2.4.2 Gate Valves - 65 mm and Larger: Outside screw and yoke gate valves, 1,200 kPa
(12 bar), cast iron body, flanged or grooved ends, bronze mounted, bolted bonnet,
rising stem, solid wedge, with normally open supervisory/tamper switch with
double wire leads and rising stem.

FIRE PROTECTION
2.4.3 Swing Check Valves – 50 mm and smaller: Bronze body, threaded end, Y-
pattern, regrindable bronze seat, renewable bronze disc, 1,200 kPa (12 bar),
suitable for installation in a horizontal or vertical line with flow upward.
2.4.4 Swing Check Valves – 65 mm and larger: Cast or ductile iron body, flanged or
grooved ends, bronze trim, bolted. cap, renewable bronze seat and disc, 1,200 kPa
(12 bar), suitable for installation in a horizontal or vertical line with flow upward.
2.5 SPECIALTY VALVES

2.5.1 Interior Automatic Air Vent: Float type hot pressed brass MS58 consists of two
halves screwed together and fitted with O-ring seal, with rubber valve seal, plastic
float, vacuum breaker complete with automatic self-sealing spring loaded brass
check valve stainless steel spring and catch ring rated for 1200 KPa working
pressure.
2.5.2 Zone Control Station: The zone control station shall include outside screw &
yoke gate valve with supervisory/tamper switch, check valve, down stream flow
switch, test and drain valve and pressure gauge. The valve and supervisory/tamper
switch can be replaced by a butterfly valve with built in supervisory/tamper
switch.
2.5.3 Hose Valves (Landing Valves): Hose valve outlets should be of a type acceptable
to the public fire brigade and should comprise a valve 65mm bore constructed in
gun metal, or aluminum bronze flanged fittings for attachment to the riser and
fitted with a 65mm instantaneous female coupling (to match the requirements and
equipments of the civil defense authority) and a blank cap secured by a suitable
length of chain. The valve gate should lift clear of the waterway and the valve
cover should be securely fitted to the valve body so that it does not unscrew when
operated. The valve spindle should not be less than 22mm diameter and fitted with
a gun metal hand wheel about 150mm in diameter which should be marked with
OPEN and SHUT directions; openings should be anti-clockwise. The whole fitting
should be of sound construction and shall be suitable for a working pressure of 20
bar.
The valve must have an in-built integral pressure-reducing device for adjusting the
water outlet pressure to 6.9 bars.
Hose valves should be installed at a height above floor level between 750mm and
1100mm. The hydrant outlet should be installed to give the following clearances:
not less than 150mm on both sides and below the valve and not less than 200mm
clearance above the hand wheel.
2.5.4 Pressure Reducing Valves: Wet pipe sprinkler systems that require reduced
discharge pressure at the system riser shall employ the use of a pilot operated
pressure regulating valve. The pressure regulating valve shall be factory set and
field adjustable to constant pressure regardless of inbound pressure fluctuations.
Pilot operated pressure control valve shall be listed for water working pressures of
175 PSI (12 BAR). Pilot operated pressure control valve shall be UL Listed.
2.6 SPRINKLERS
All sprinkler heads used within the fire protection systems shall be UL listed, FM

FIRE PROTECTION
approved, quick response type rated for 1200 kPa working pressure, designed to
comply with NFPA requirements.
2.6.1 Upright Sprinkler: Automatic upright sprinkler head, quick response type,
frangible bulb type, 79 degree C. temperature rating, bronze frame and deflector,
15 mm orifice and 15 mm thread with not less than 5.6 K-factor.
2.6.2 Recessed Pendent Sprinkler: Same parameters as the upright sprinkler head, but
provided with adjustable two pieces escutcheon plate for recessed installation.
Sprinkler head and escutcheon plate shall be chrome plated finish, with 68 degree
C. temperature rating. Using painted sprinkler heads and escutcheon plates to
match the reflected ceiling color is also accepted and shall be to the interior
designer approval.
2.6.3 Concealed Pendent Sprinkler: Automatic pendent sprinkler head, quick response
type, frangible bulb type, 68 degree C. temperature rating, bronze frame and
deflector, 15 mm orifice and 15 mm thread with not less than 5.6 K-factor. The
sprinkler shall be provided with a cover plate of temperature rating of not less than
57 degree C. The cover plate color shall meet the requirements of the interior
designer and to match the ceiling color.
2.6.4 Side Wall Sprinkler:
Automatic side wall sprinkler head, quick response concealed horizontal type,
frangible bulb type, 68 degree C. temperature rating, bronze frame and deflector,
15 mm orifice, 15 mm thread and with not less than 5.6 K-factor for the standard
spray type, whilst 20 mm orifice and ¾” NPT thread with not less than 8.0 K-
factor for the extended coverage type. The sprinkler shall be provided with
adjustable two pieces escutcheon plate for recessed installation. Sprinkler head and
escutcheon plate shall be chrome plated. Using painted sprinkler heads and
escutcheon plates to match the reflected ceiling color is also accepted and shall be
for interior, non-corrosive applications.
Method of attaching the cover plate to the sprinkler cup shall be a push-on
and Pull-off design allowing a ¼” cover plate adjustment.
Rated working pressure shall be 175 psi (12,0 bar). A plastic protective
cap shall be provided and factory installed inside the sprinkler cup protect
the sprinkler from damage, which could occur during construction before
the cover plate is installed.
2.6.5 Sprinkler Head Cabinet and Wrench: Finished steel cabinet suitable for wall
mounting, with hinged cover and space for spare sprinkler heads plus sprinkler
head wrench. Provide separate cabinets and spare sprinklers for each style of
sprinkler heads on the project. The quantity of spare sprinkler heads shall be in
accordance to NFPA 13.
2.7 FIRE HOSE REELS

Fire hose reel shall be slim type, to be mounted inside fire cabinets, swinging type
to comply or exceed with BS 5274/EN 671.

FIRE PROTECTION
All the internal parts used shall be made of material according to BS 1490 LM
16/24. The hose tubing should be 25mm internal diameter rubber reinforced with
double braiding and 30mtr long to comply with BS 3169 type 1 class B or EN 694.
The hose reel nozzle to comply with EN 671 -PN 16/DN 25/6.
The unit shall be complete with lock shield valve and 25mm pressure reducing
valve to maintain pressure of 4.6 bar at outlet.
For testing and maintenance drain line with non return valve to be used. Brief
operating instructions should be clearly displayed on each hose reel in both
languages, Arabic and English.
2.8 FIRE DEPARTMENT INLET CONNECTION

Free standing type fire department inlet connection, UL listed, chrome plated, cast
brass body with drop clappers, brass cover sleeve, cast brass identification plate
lettered “Auto SPKR Standpipe”, size shall be 150 mm outlet and four 65 mm
female inlets each provided with BS 336 instantaneous adaptor supplied by the fire
department connection manufacturer.
The connection shall be provided with the necessary 65 mm, plugs and chains.
2.9 FIRE HOSE COUPLINGS

Fire hose couplings shall be 65 mm diameter, cast brass finish, double pin lug,
with two expansion rings, two tails and one swivel gasket. The couplings shall be
polished chrome plated.
2.9 FIRE BLANKETS

Fire blanket shall conform to BS 6575:1985.
2.10 ALARM AND WATER FLOW DETECTION DEVICES

2.11.1 General: Types and sizes shall mate and match piping and equipment connected
with. All equipment shall be UL listed and FM approved. All alarm and fire
detection devices shall be monitored at the fire alarm panel. The fire alarm system
shall be coordinated with the building management system BMS.
2.11.2 Water Flow Indicators: Electrical-supervision, vane type water flow detector,
rated to 1700 kPa; designed for horizontal or vertical installation; have 2-SPDT
circuit switches to provide isolated alarm and auxiliary contacts, 7 ampere 125
volts AC and 0.25 ampere 24 Volts DC; complete with factory-set, field-adjustable
retard element to prevent false signals, and tamper-proof cover which sends a
signal when cover is removed.

FIRE PROTECTION
2.11.3 Supervisory Switches: Electrical-supervision type, 2 SPDT, normally closed

contacts, with switching component enclosed in submersible, weatherproof, and
oil resistant NEMA Type 4 and P 6 enclosure, designed to signal valve in other
than full open position.
2.12 TEST AND DRAIN VALVE

The test and drain valves shall be smooth bore non-corrosive orifice gives flow
equivalent to one nominal 15 mm orifice sprinkler. Each valve shall be complete
with sight glass and can be operated with two directions TEST and DRAIN.
2.13 FIRE CABINET

2.13.1 Fire Cabinet (FHC): The back box / cabinet shall be constructed from 16 SWG
zinc powder coated finish, shall have the knockouts for pipe entry. The cabinet
shall be 1 section, shall accommodate the 30 meters of the 25 mm hose, angle
valve, discharge nozzle, portable fire extinguisher type PFE-1 as shown on the
drawings. Dimension shall be as per drawings.
Architrave shall be 20 SWG stainless steel (brushed / polished).
Door shall be 18 SWG brushed or polished stainless steel as per the Architect
requirement. Door shall be fixed to the cabinet by concealed hinges left or right as
required to facilitate the hose reel pull direction.
Identification of the fire cabinet equipment shall be as per the Architect
requirement in compliance to NFPA Standards and shall be lettered on the cabinet
in both Arabic and English languages.
Fire equipments shall be provided as specified elsewhere.
2.14 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

2.14.1 FE-1: Fire extinguishers shall be dry powder 6 Kg type to the approval of the
local authorities.
The dry powder fire extinguishers shall be provided in the locations as shown on
drawings. the fire extinguisher shall be furnished with wall bracket and shall be
mounted on walls (except for that housed inside the fire cabinets).
The pressure test on the extinguishers shall remain valid for 5 years.
2.14.2 FE-2: Fire extinguishers shall be 6 Kg carbon dioxide type to the approval of the
local authorities. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall be provided in Elec. room
and Light Current as shown on drawings. the fire extinguisher shall be furnished
with wall bracket and shall be mounted on walls.
2.14.3 FE-3: Fire extinguishers shall be dry powder 4.5 Kg type to the approval of the
local authorities.
The dry powder fire extinguishers shall be provided in the residential buildings as
shown on drawings. the fire extinguisher shall be furnished with wall bracket and
shall be mounted on walls.

FIRE PROTECTION
2.14. FE-4: Fire extinguishers shall be pressurized, solid AFFF type, UL listed, 45 liters
nominal capacity, in stainless-steel container with pressure-indicating gage.
Provide wheeled fire extinguishers of type, size, and capacity for locations
indicated in the drawings.
Carriage: Fabricate from enameled steel pipe, complete with hanger

assembly, long range nozzle, semi pneumatic solid rubber tires, and Hose 30.5 m
long.
2.15 IDENTIFICATION SIGNS

Drain valves, test valves, control valves, alarm check valves and zone control
station shall be fitted with approved enameled signs indicating their use.
2.16 POST INDICATOR

Each buried isolating gate valve on tie-in points shall be provided with vertical UL
listed and FM approved post indicator. The post indicator shall be provided with
window glass showing the valve status (OPEN – SHUT) and an operating handle
with lock.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
 Cooperate with other trades to insure adequate space for equipment and piping
placement.
 Review plans, specifications and shop drawings of other trades to coordinate
work.
 Install in strict accordance with approved shop drawings.
 Do not begin installation until local authority approval is submitted to the
Engineer.
3.2 EXAMINATION
Examine rough-in for fire cabinets and sprinklers to verify actual locations of
piping connections prior installing.
Examine walls for suitable conditions where cabinets are to be installed. Examine
ceiling pattern, air diffusers and grills, light fixtures, for suitable conditions where
sprinkler are to be installed.
Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

FIRE PROTECTION
3.3 PIPING INSTALLATIONS

Drawings (plans, schematics and diagrams) indicate the general location and
arrangement of piping systems. So far as practical, install piping as indicated.
Deviations from approved "Working Plans" for piping require written approval of
the Engineer.
Install sprinkler piping to provide for system drainage in accordance with NFPA
13.
Use approved fittings to make all changes in direction, branch takeoffs from mains
and reductions in pipe sizes.
Install unions in pipes 50 mm and smaller adjacent to each valve. Unions are not
required on flanged devices.
Install flanges or flange adapters on valves, apparatus and equipment having 65
mm and larger connections.
Provide hangers and supports in Compliance with the requirements of NFPA 13,
NFPA 14 and division 15 section "Hangers And Supports".
Make connections between underground and above-ground piping using an
approved transition piece strapped or fastened to prevent separation.
Install mechanical sleeve seal at pipe penetrations in walls and floors.
Provide pressure gauges with a connection not less than 6 mm and having a soft
metal seated globe valve, arranged for draining pipe between gauge and valve
Paint piping with two (2) coats of red lead and three (3) coats of red paint.
3.4 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION

3.4.1 Welded Joints: AWS D10.9, Level AR-3
3.4.2 Threaded Joints: Conform to ANSI B1.20.1, tapered pipe threads for field cut
threads. Join pipe, fittings, and valves as follows:
Note the internal length of threads in fittings or valve ends, and proximity of
internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be threaded into joint.
Align threads at point of assembly. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to
the external pipe threads. Assemble joint to appropriate thread depth. When using
a wrench on valves place the wrench on the valve end into which the pipe is being
threaded. Do not use pipe with threads which are corroded, or damaged. If a weld
opens during cutting or threading operations, that portion of pipe shall not be used.
3.4.3 Flanged Joints: Align flanged surfaces parallel. Assemble joints by sequencing
bolt tightening to make initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as
possible. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads. Tighten bolts gradually and
uniformly to appropriate torque specified by the bolt manufacturer.
3.4.4 Push-on Joints: AWWA C111-90.
3.4.5 Grooved-end Pipe and Grooved-end Fitting Joints: Use UL listed and FM
approved grooved-end fittings and grooved-end couplings that are made by the
same manufacturer and that are listed to be used together.
Groove pipe and assemble joints with grooved coupling, gasket, lubricant, and

FIRE PROTECTION
bolts according to coupling and fitting of manufacturers written instructions.
3.5 VALVE INSTALLATIONS

Install fire protection specialty valves, fittings, and specialties in accordance with
the manufacturer's written instructions, NFPA 13, 14 and the Engineer
requirements.
Where there is more than one control valve, provide permanently marked
identification signs indicating the portion of the system controlled by each valve.
3.6 SPRINKLER INSTALLATIONS

Use proper tools recommended by the manufacturer to prevent damage during
installation.
Sprinkler Style Location
Upright Non finished areas
Pendent, Concealed, chrome plated or Finished areas

painted
Side wall sprinklers Partially finished areas, areas

specified in drawings.
3.7 FIRE CABINET INSTALLATIONS

Examine walls for thickness and framing for cabinets to verify cabinet depth and
mounting prior to cabinet installation. Cabinets shall be built into walls unless
otherwise indicated on Drawings.
Install items included in this section in locations and at mounting heights
indicated, or if not indicated, at heights to comply with applications of governing
authorities.
Prepare recesses in walls for fire cabinets as required by type and size of cabinet
and style of trim and to comply with manufacturer's instructions.
Securely fasten mounting brackets and fire cabinets to structure, square and plumb,
to comply with manufacturer's instructions.
3.8 INSTALLATION OF ZONE CONTROL STATION

Provide UL listed zone control station comprising indicating type floor control
valve with supervisory switch, pressure gauge, water flow switch, one piece test
and drain valve with sight glass. Make connection to fire alarm control panel.
3.9 FINAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Make connections of electric wiring to the electric equipment.

FIRE PROTECTION
3.10 FIRE PROTECTION BLOCK PLAN

Provide a frame and glazed block plan showing the areas protected and positions
of alarm valve. Locate the block plan as directed by the Engineer.
3.11 REMOTE ALARM

Ensure that the components of the systems include for the necessary provisions to
transfer visual and audible remote alarm signals. Carry out connections to the
remote alarm contacts.
3.12 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

Flush, test, and inspect sprinkler and hose reel piping systems in accordance with
NFPA 13.
Test and inspect wet stand-pipes in accordance with NFPA 14.
Replace piping system components which do not pass the test procedures
specified, and re-test repaired portion of the system.
3.13 FLUSHING AND DRAINAGE

 Provision shall be made for flushing the firewater sprinkler system.
 All piping shall be provided where necessary or where shown on the drawings
and at all sectional valves with a draining facility to help draining the major
part(s) of the system.
 On all risers 100mm diameter or larger, the drain valve shall be 50mm diameter
size.
 On 65mm diameter and 80mm diameter risers, the drain valve shall be 32mm
diameter size.
 On smaller risers, the drain valve shall be 20mm diameter size.
 No direct interconnections shall be made between sewers and sprinkler
drainpipes.
3.14 SPARE PARTS

As recommended by the manufacturer to cover a working period of two years,
submit to the Employer, for approval, a priced list of the recommended spare parts
and tools. The list should nominate the above-required items. The approved list
shall be part from the operation and maintenance manuals.
3.15 MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM

A maintenance schedule showing site visit and system testing shall be submitted to
the owner for approval.
Maintenance shall be as per the conditions of the contract.
The system shall be maintained accordingly for a period of one year from the date
of initial handing over and Owner’s acceptance.

FIRE PROTECTION
3.16 WARRANTY
The system shall be warranted for parts and labor for not less than a period listed
in the contract conditions from date of initial handing over of the work and
Owner’s acceptance.
A system-checking schedule showing site visits shall be submitted to the owner for
approval.

PLUMBING WORKS
SECTION 15400
PLUMBING WORKS
PART 1 GENERAL

Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General Condition,
Conditions of Particular Application and Division 01 Specification sections, apply
to work of this section.
1.2 SUMMARY
This section covers the work of water supply and drainage systems as required by
the Contract.
1.2.1 Domestic Water Supply Systems: Provide water connection from main network
includes pipe work there from to inside the buildings and each apartment shall
have separate water meter.
Provide cold and hot water supply piping including valves, hangers and supports,
expansion joints/loops, regulating valves, automatic air vents, drain valves,
wrapping, excavation, dewatering, and backfill.
Provide hot water system, including pipework, controls, electrical water heaters,
and safety devices.
Provide system testing, disinfection, and commissioning.
1.2.2 Drainage System: Provide domestic soil and waste, and vent drainage system to
collect soil borne wastewater from sanitary fixtures, wastewater from wet areas
and equipment.
Provide above ground and underground piping, hangers and supports, area drains,
floor drains, cleanouts, roof drains, trap primer, vacuum breakers, plumbing
fixtures and fittings, excavation, dewatering, pipe bedding and surroundings and
backfill.
Provide sand trap, sump and sewage ejector pumps, sump pit and ejector basin.
Provide manholes, catch basin and retarding chamber.
Provide system testing and commissioning.
1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS AND CODES

Comply with the stipulations of the latest Edition of the applicable Egyptian Standard
Specifications and with National Standard Plumbing Code (USA) or by-laws and
regulations of all statutory authorities concerned.
Egyptian Standard Specifications
ES No.

PLUMBING WORKS
1098 Stop-Valves for Water Services

British Standard Specifications
BS No.
1387 Seamless Black/Galvanized Mild Steel Pipe and Fitting
4504 Flanges and Bolting for Pipes, Valves and Fittings. Metric Series

The following sections include requirements, which relate to this section:
 Division 02 Section "Excavation Support and Protection"
 Division 05 Section "Metal Fabrication"
 Division 09 Section "Painting"
 Division 15 Specification Sections.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of the Contract and
Specification Sections:
1.5.1 Product Data: Submit manufacturer’s technical product data for materials and
products.
1.5.2 Shop Drawings: Submit (1:20, 1:50 and 1:100) scaled layout drawings of
plumbing pipes and fittings including, but not necessarily limited to, pipe sizes,
locations, elevations and slopes of horizontal runs, wall and floor penetrations and
connections. Show interface and spatial relationship between piping and
proximate equipment. Obtain Engineer’s approval prior to the commencement of
work. Alterations in shop drawings from Contract Drawings, whether due to
coordination or otherwise, shall be carried out by the Contractor.
1.5.3 Coordination Drawings: Drawn accurately to 1:50 scale and coordinating

penetrations and system requirements with other trades.
1.5.4 Record Drawings: At project close-out, submit record drawings of installed

systems in accordance with requirements of Division 01.
1.5.5 Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data and parts lists for plumbing
systems, materials and products. Include this data, product data, shop drawings
and record drawings in operation and maintenance manual.
1.5.6 Samples: Submit samples for the Engineer’s approval.
1.6.1 Manufacturer’s Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of

plumbing systems products of types, materials and sizes required and whose
products have been in satisfactory use in similar service for not less than 5 years.

PLUMBING WORKS
1.6.2 Contractor Engineer’s Qualifications: Graduated mechanical engineer with

experience of not less than 10 years in the plumbing fields for projects of similar
nature and size.
1.7 NOMINAL PIPE SIZES (NPS)

Pipe diameters indicated on the Drawings are nominal. Exact pipe diameters are
understood to be the exact pipe diameters as per the applicable specified standard
for each pipe material.
1.8 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Provide components and installation capable of producing systems with the
following minimum working pressure ratings, except where indicated otherwise.
Working Test
Pressure Pressure
Domestic Water Supply System kPa 850 1 200
Soil, Waste and Vent Systems Water Head (m) 2 3
Fire Protection kPa 1 200 1 800
Drainage Pressure Mains kPa 680 1 000
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

Provide equipment, piping materials and factory-fabricated piping products of sizes,
types, pressure ratings and capacities as indicated. Where not indicated, provide proper
selection to comply with installation requirements. Provide sizes and types matching
piping and equipment connections. Provide fittings of materials, which match pipe
materials used in plumbing systems. Where more than one type of materials or
products are indicated, obtain Engineer’s clarification prior the procurement of
materials.
2.2 BASIC IDENTIFICATION

Provide identification in accordance with the following listing:
Valves: White plastic identification labels with black letters indicating valve type,
number and service.
Above Ground Piping: Plastic pipe markers/color coded paint.

PLUMBING WORKS
Underground Piping: Underground-type plastic pipe markers.

Comply with ASME A13.1 for color coding.
2.3 PLUMBING PIPING

Pipes and fittings are specified in different sections of Division 15. The listing for
the utilization of the various materials for plumbing works are indicated on the
table attached to the end of this section.
2.4 INTERIOR AUTOMATIC-AIR VENTS

Float type hot pressed brass MS 58 consists of two halves screwed together and
fitted with O-ring seal, with rubber valve seal, plastic float, vacuum breaker
complete with automatic self-sealing spring-loaded brass check valve, stainless
steel spring and catch ring rated for 1 000 kPa working pressure.
2.5 EXTERIOR AUTOMATIC AIR VENTS

Lever type, float valve with cast iron body and cover to ASTM A 126, Class B,
stainless steel lever frame and float to ASTM A 240, stainless steel seat and non
asbestos gasket, rated for 1200 kPa working pressure.
2.6 PROTECTIVE WRAPPINGS

Non-woven fabric carrier free from chemical impurities, fully impregnated and
coated on both sides with neutral compound based on saturated petroleum
hydrocarbons with inert siliceous filter.
2.7 WATER METER

Register in cubic meter, AWWA C 700, displacement (disc) type, with ductile iron
main case, complete with isolating valves, check valve and strainer.
2.8 WATER METER CABINETS

Stainless steel cabinet, 2 mm thick with continuous type hinge 3 mm thick
stainless steel door with identifying letters engraved to door “Water Meter”. Size
the cabinet to house inlet pipe connection, strainer, valves, meter and outlet pipe
connection. Include door operating hardware in stainless steel with cam-action
latch. Cabinet shall be manufactured with corners mitred, welded and ground
smooth.
2.9 ESCUTCHEONS
Chrome plated heavy brass of sufficient diameter to amply cover up the sleeved
opening.
2.10 INTERIOR WALL PIPE SLEEVES

Standard weight galvanized steel pipe sleeve of size to pass pipe and insulation.
2.11 EXTERIOR WALL PIPE SLEEVES

Standard weight galvanized steel pipe sleeve with sealing and anchoring collar
poured in place.

PLUMBING WORKS
2.12 ROCKER PIPE

Two adjacent flexible pipe joints, one is located at a distance of 150 mm from the
external face of the structure and the second is located at a maximum distance of
300 mm.
Provide the two flexible joints at each side of the building boundary and at
expansion joints.
2.13 ANGLE STOP VALVES

Chrome plated, zinc free bronze angle stop valves and escutcheon, marked red for hot
water and blue for cold.
2.14 GROUP VALVES

2.14.1 Embedded Valves: Bronze body with pre-assembled head part 15 mm short spindle
with chrome plated handle assembly, screw flange with wall sealing, marking blue or
red.
2.14.2 Concealed Valves: Bronze gate valves as specified in section "Valves".
2.15 PRESSURE GAUGES

Provide pressure gauges with white dial and black scale, size 115 mm dial, install
gauges as shown on don all pumps, equip each gauge with an integral or separate
siphon and connect by means of a brass rubber pipe and fittings containing a shut-
off lock.
2.16 PAINTING
Comply with Health Authorities Regulations and the requirements.
2.17 VALVE CHAMBERS

Cast-in-place concrete rectangular chamber of size according to dimension of the
valves, with sleeves for pipe entry and exit and as shown on Drawings.
Bituminous coating shall be applied to buried surfaces. A concrete thrust block
shall be in the required place around the pipes.
Chamber covers and frames shall be heavy duty ductile iron conforming to
EN Standards.
Steps, if required, shall be fabricated from carbon steel bars of diameter, shape,
details and spacing as shown on Drawings.
Concrete work shall be as per division 03 Section “Cast-In-Place Concrete”.
2.18 RETARDING CHAMBERS

Cast-in-situ concrete rectangular chamber of size according to dimension as shown
on Drawings.
Bituminous coating shall be applied to buried surfaces.

PLUMBING WORKS
Chamber covers and frames shall be heavy duty ductile iron conforming to
ES Standards.
Steps shall be of dimensions, shape, details and spacing as shown on Drawings.
Steps shall be painted with three approved coats of coal tar epoxy coating.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 INSPECTION
Examine substrates and conditions under which soil and waste systems are to be
installed. Do not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected in a manner acceptable to the Engineer.
3.2 INSTALLATION OF BASIC IDENTIFICATIONS

Install identification for surfaces requiring painting, insulation or other covering
finish, including valve tags, after completion of covering and painting. Install
identification prior to the installation of acoustical ceilings and similar removable
concealment.
Apply color coding paint for piping and equipment.
Install plastic pipe marker on each system indicated to receive identification and
include for arrows to show normal direction of flow.
Install, during backfilling of each exterior underground piping system, continuous
underground type plastic line marker located directly over buried line at 150 to 200
mm below finished grade.
Provide valve tag on every valve, cock and control device in each piping system.
Exclude check valves, valves within factory fabricated equipment, hose bibs and
shut-off valves at plumbing fixtures. List each tagged valve in valve schedule for
each piping system.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF ABOVE GROUND PIPING

Drawings indicate general location and arrangements of piping systems, Install
piping, as far as practical, as indicated taking into consideration pipe sizing and
friction loss, expansion, equipment sizing, other trades and other design
requirements.
Ream ends of pipes and remove burrs. Bevel plain ends of pipe. Remove scale,
slag, dirt and debris for both inside and outside of piping and fittings before
assembly.
Conceal all pipe installations in walls, pipe chases, utility spaces, above ceilings
and below grade or floors unless indicated otherwise.
Install piping free from sags or bends and with ample space between piping to
permit proper insulation.

PLUMBING WORKS
Install piping at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs are not
permitted unless expressly indicated on Drawings.
Locate groups of pipes parallel to each other and spaced to permit applying full
insulation and servicing of valves.
Install drains at low points in mains, risers, and branch lines consisting of tee
fittings, 15 mm ball valve and short 15 mm threaded nipple and cap.
Seal pipe penetrations through exterior walls using sleeves or puddle connections.
Install unions adjacent to each valve and at final connection to each piece of
equipment and plumbing fixtures having 50 mm and smaller.
Install flanges in piping 65 mm and larger, where indicated, every 12 meter, adjacent to
each valve and at each of the final connection to each piece of equipment.
Carry out, where applicable, pipework as building proceeds as soon as possible to
minimize cutting away and repairing.
Mark out correctly the positions of necessary holes in walls, floors, ceilings, etc.,
for pipes and pipe supports.
3.4 INSTALLATION OF UNDERGROUND PIPING

Install underground piping as indicated and in accordance with National Standard
Plumbing Code. Lay underground piping beginning at low point of systems and true to
grades and alignment indicated with unbroken continuity of invert. Place bell ends of
piping facing upstream. Install required gaskets in accordance with manufacturer’s
recommendations for use of lubricants, cements, and other special installation
requirements. Clean interior of piping of dirt and other superfluous material as work
progresses. Maintain swab or drag in line and pull past each joint as it is completed.
Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day or whenever work stops.
Apply two layers, overlapped 50%, of approved tape as recommended by pipe
manufacturer to be compatible with pipe material. Use minimum 500 microns
thick and 100 mm wide inner layer. Use 750 microns thick and 100 mm wide
outer layer.
3.5 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL

3.5.1 Excavation: Make pipe trench true and even to falls, trim and ram trench bottom
to correct level. Refer to division 02 Section “Earthwork”.
3.5.2 Dewatering: Provide necessary equipment for dewatering while erecting, testing
underground piping.
3.5.3 Planking and Strutting: Provide adequate shuttering by skilled carpenters.

Remove timber as backfilling proceed.
3.5.4 Backfill: Use only approved backfill as specified in division 02 Section “Earthwork”

PLUMBING WORKS
Do not carry out backfill prior the approval of pipe testing. Apply backfill in
compacted layers of no more than 300 mm thick. Compact each layer to 97% of
maximum dry density as specified in division 02 Section “Earthwork”
3.6 INSTALLATION OF HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

Install hangers, supports, clamps and attachments to support piping properly from
building structure and arrange for grouping of parallel runs of horizontal piping
supported together on field-fabricated, heavy-duty trapeze hangers where possible.
Where piping of various sizes is supported together by trapeze hangers, space hangers
for smallest pipe size or install intermediate supports for smaller diameter pipe. Install
hangers and supports to provide piping slopes.
3.7 INSTALLATION OF DRAINAGE PRODUCTS

3.7.1 Cleanouts: Install in piping as indicated, as required by National Standard Plumbing
Code; and at each change in direction of piping greater than 45°; at maximum intervals of
15 m for piping 100 mm and smaller and 30 m for larger piping; and at base of each
vertical soil or waste stack located 150 mm above the Flood Rim of the lowest fixture on
the lowest floor. Install floor and wall cleanout covers for concealed piping, select type to
match adjacent building finish.
3.7.2 Flashing Flanges: Install flashing flange and clamping device with each stack,
floor drain, and cleanout passing through waterproof membranes.
3.7.3 Vent Flashing Sleeves: Install on stacks passing through roof, secure over stack
flashing in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
3.8 EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS

Provide soil and waste piping runouts to plumbing fixtures and drains, with
approved trap, of sizes indicated; but in no case smaller than required by National
Standard Plumbing Code.
3.9 FINAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Provide main isolators in control panels of each equipment.
Carry out electrical connection to control panel isolators, between control panel
and equipment including control wiring. Carry out earthing for electrical
equipment. Comply with the requirements of Division 16
3.10 PIPE SLEEVES

Install sleeves in connection with piping passing through slabs, partitions or the
other building construction.
Set sleeves in new concrete construction before pouring.
Provide sleeves for vertical pipes in open chases or shafts, where allowances for
expansion are required or where chases or shafts are to be grouted in after work is
installed.
For interior wall sleeves terminate sleeve flush with wall.

PLUMBING WORKS
Seal sleeves through walls with tightly packed mineral fiber. Special
consideration shall be given to the sealing of fire walls.
Manholes, catch basin and retarding chambers shall be hydrostatically and visually
inspected for leakage prior toe backfilling.
Test all fixtures for soundness, stability of support and satisfactory operation.
Test each piece of sanitary ware as follows:
 Flush water closets twice and check for leaks and defects.
 Fill lavatories and sinks to the over flow level, and after running the water
through the overflow for a minimum of 30 seconds, remove the plug. Check
for leaks and defects.
Repair any defects or leaks. Replace cracked or chipped fixtures.
3.12 CLEANING, FLUSHING AND DISINFECTION

Clean, flush and disinfect entire water supply system, including tanks, equipment,
etc., using either calcium or sodium hypochlorite solution. The following process
shall be followed:
 Flush thoroughly piping with clean potable water to remove dirt and other
contaminants. Remove screens of taps before flushing and reinstall them after
completion of disinfection.
 Inject disinfecting agent by means of proportioning pump at an even rate.
 Open sectional valves and ensure that each outlet shall be opened at least twice
during disinfection. Check residual with ortholidin solution.
 Close and secure all outlets when the chlorine residual concentration, at all
outlets, indicates no less than 50 ppm calculated on the volume of water
contained in piping.
 Retain the residual chlorine in the piping system for a period of no less than 24
hours. Ensure that the residual, after retention period is not less than 5 ppm. If
not, repeat the process.
 If found satisfactory, flush the piping with clean potable water until residual
chlorine at outlets are not greater than the incoming water supply.
 Employ approved applicators or qualified personnel with chemical and
laboratory experience to perform and certify the process.
Indicate, in the certificate of performance, the following:
 Name and location of the job and date of disinfection performance
 Material used for disinfection and its concentration

PLUMBING WORKS
3.13 RETENTION PERIOD OF DISINFECTION IN PIPING SYSTEM

 ppm chlorine during retention
 ppm chlorine after flushing
 Statement of compliance with the specification
 Signature and address of company/person performing disinfection
 Under no circumstances permit the use of any portion of the water supply
piping till the completion of proper and certified disinfection and flushing is
terminated.
3.13 PROTECTION
Protect piping during remainder of construction period to avoid clogging with
construction materials and debris and to prevent damage from traffic and
construction work.
Piping Material
Internal Works
System Pipe Size Site Works
Above
Underground
Ground
Drainage Soil, Waste and Vent Piping
50 mm and MUPVC MUPVC, gravel bed MUPVC, gravel bed,

smaller and sand surrounding sand bed and
surroundings
80 mm and UPVC UPVC, gravel bed and UPVc, gravel bed and
larger sand surrounding sand surrounding
Pressure Main
All UPVC UPVC Schedule 80, UPVC Schedule 80,

Schedule 80 sand bed and sand bed and
surroundings surroundings with
thrust blocks
Domestic All PP (1) PP, gravel bed and PP, gravel bed(1), and
Cold Water sand surroundings sand surroundings
Fire 65 mm and Black steel, Galvanized steel, Galvanized steel,

Protection smaller seamless, wrapped, sand bed wrapped, sand bed and
painted and surroundings surroundings with
thrust blocks

PLUMBING WORKS
80 mm and Black steel, Ductile iron, wrapped Ductile iron, wrapped,

larger seamless sand bed and sand bed and
(1)
painted surroundings surroundings with
thrust blocks
(1)
Unless otherwise indicated on drawings.

STEEL PIPE AND FITTINGS FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
SECTION 15417
PART 1 GENERAL

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General Conditions,
Conditions of Particular Application and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to
work of this section.
1.2 SUMMARY
This section specifies black or galvanized steel pipes, malleable iron fittings,
welded fittings and grooved fittings as required by the Contract.
Extent of each type of steel pipes and fittings is indicated on drawings.
Steel pipes shall be installed and tested as part of the integrated fire protection
systems.

Unless otherwise more stringent requirements are specified throughout this
section, steel pipe and fittings shall comply with the stipulations of the latest
edition of the standard listed or other equivalent International Standards and Sound
Practice.
ASTM No.
A 53 Welded and Seamless Steel
A 181 Material for Carbon Steel Fittings
A 197 Malleable Iron Fittings
A 234 / A 234M Steel Fittings
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASME No.
B 16.3 Malleable-Iron Screwed Fittings
B 16.5 Cast-Steel Flanged Fittings
B 16.9 Wrought-Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
B 16.11 Forged-Steel Socket-Welding Fittings
1.4 SUBMITTALS
01 Specification Sections:

 Materials specifications and manufacturer's data

 Representative samples of all pipes, fittings and accessories to be used in the
work
 Shop drawings

inspected by the manufacturer before delivery. The manufacturer shall make all tests as
specified herein and the results of the tests shall be furnished to the Engineer upon
request. The manufacturer may use his own or other suitable facilities for the
performance of the inspection and test requirements specified herein. Fittings shall be
suitably inspected for soundness and brittleness.
1.5.2 Testing: Materials and installed work may require testing and retesting at any time
during the progress of the Works. Tests, including retesting of rejected materials or
installed works, shall be done at the Contractor's expense.

Handle pipes and fittings so as to prevent injury or damage to them. Place no pipe
or other material inside any other pipe at any time.
Prevent pipe end damage and prevent entrance of dirt or debris.

The following sections include requirements, which relate to this section:
13916 Fire Protection Systems
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
2.1.1 Steel Pipes: ASTM A 53, Schedule 40, black, seamless
Steel pipes shall be tested for flattering, bending, and internal hydrostatic pressure
of 50 kg/cm2 in accordance with the requirements of ASTM A 53.
Acceptable tolerances for thickness and weights shall not exceed those specified
by ASTM A 53.
2.1.2 Galvanized Steel Pipes: ASTM A 795, Schedule 40, black, seamless
Galvanized steel pipes shall be tested for flattering, bending, and internal
hydrostatic pressure of 50 kg/cm2 in accordance with the requirements of ASTM A

795.
Acceptable tolerances for thickness and weights shall not exceed those specified
by ASTM A 795.
2.1.3 Fittings: Malleable iron threaded fittings, class 150 and 300 steel, conforming to
ASME B 16.3.
Cast iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings, conforming to ASME B 16.1
Butt-welding fittings, conforming to ASME B 16.9
Socket-welding fittings, conforming to ASME B 16.11.
Fittings shall be hydraulically and mechanically tested in accordance with the
requirements of the relevant standard.
Acceptable tolerances of diameters shall not exceed those specified by the relevant
standards.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION, GENERAL

Installation of steel pipes and fittings shall comply with requirements of the
Division 15 Sections.
3.2 JOINTS CONSTRUCTION

Joints of steel pipes shall be by grooved coupling and fittings or screwed with threaded
joints and fittings for 50 mm and less diameters above or below ground and by movable
flanges or by grooved coupling larger than 65 mm
3.2.1 Threaded Joints: Tapered pipe threads for field-cut threads. Join pipe fittings
and valves as follows:
Note the internal length of threads in fittings or valve ends, and proximity of
internal seat or wall, to determine how far pipe should be threaded into joint.
Align threads at point of assembly.
Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to the external pipe threads (except
where dry seal threading is indicated elsewhere).
Assemble joint and wrench tight. Wrench on valve shall be on the valve end into
which the pipe is being threaded.
Damaged threads: Do not use pipe with corroded or damaged threads. If a weld
opens during cutting or threading operations, that portion of pipe shall not be used.
3.2.2 Flanged Joints: Flanged joints shall be furnished with bolts, nuts, gaskets and all
necessary accessories. Bolts shall be of the best quality of steel with hexagonal head,
washers and hexagonal nuts. Bolt lengths shall be so that, after erection, the bolt shall
not protrude through the nut more than one to three threads. Gaskets shall be one piece,
full face type of best quality cloth inserted sheet rubber at least 3 mm thick. Align
surfaces of flanges parallel. Assemble joints by sequencing bolt tightening to make
initial contact of flanges and gaskets as flat and parallel as possible. Use suitable

lubricants on bolt threads. Tighten bolts gradually and uniformly with a torque wrench.
Coordinate flange standards with that of valves, pumps and equipment.
3.2.3 Welded Joints: Employ, qualified welders and submit welders qualification certificate
to the Engineer. Comply with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code. Submit welding procedures and the technical data and specification for
electrodes.
Prepare end of parts to be welded in compliance with the joint design set up in the
applicable welding-procedure specification.
Use proper machine tools for cutting. Thoroughly clean rust, scale, paint, oil or grease
from welding faces and adjoining surfaces for a distance of 20 mm from edge of the
welding groove or from the toe of the fillet in the case of socket-welded or fillet-welded
joints. In addition, remove any contaminating or surface-coating material that may
reach the weld area as a result of weld heat.
Layout and assemble various component parts. Carefully space, align and tack-
weld together the parts to be jointed so that final welded assembly will conform to
the required dimensions within acceptable tolerances (± 3 mm maximum end-to-
end tolerance). Ensure that a sufficient number and suitable proportions of tack
welds are provided to hold the parts in place during ordinary handling.
Apply sufficient number of weld passes to suit the material, thickness and position
of parts to be welded. Start welding at the bottom and progress upward, except for
thin-walled material.
Employ high degree of manual skill for downward welding to secure adequate
fusion with sidewalls and to avoid entrapment of slag. Clean with wire brush each
layer of deposited weld metal prior to the deposition of the following weld-metal
layer. Chip or ground out surface defects which would other wise affect the
soundness of the weld. Remove bumps and sharp corners or grooves.
3.2.4 Roll groove Joints: Employ, qualified and well trained (by the manufacturer or his
representative) personnel for preparing the pipe roll grooving.
Prepare end of pipes to be roll grooved in compliance with the coupling joint
design and manufacturer requirements.
Use proper machine tools for roll grooving of pipes. Thoroughly clean rust or scale.
Use proper lubricant recommended by the manufacturer on the pipe before installing
the gaskets.
Assemble various component parts with bolts and nuts only manufactured by the
same coupling manufacturer.

PLUMBING SPECIALTIES
SECTION 15430
PART 1 GENERAL

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and
Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
This Section includes plumbing specialties for water distribution systems; soil,
waste, vent and storm drainage systems.
1.2.1 Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this
Section:
 Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for piping-
jointing materials, joint construction, basic installation requirements, and
labeling and identifying requirements.
 Division 15 Section "Valves" for gate, ball, butterfly, globe, and check valves.
 Division 15 Section "Plumbing Works" for piping and connections.
1.3 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Provide components and installation capable of producing systems with following
minimum working pressure ratings, except where otherwise indicated:
Domestic Water Distribution Systems, Below Ground: 850 kPa
Domestic Water Distribution System, Above Ground: 850 kPa
Soil, Waste, and Vent Systems: 2 m head of water
Storm Drainage System 3 m head of water
1.4 SUBMITTALS
1.4.1 General: Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and
Division 01 Specification Sections.
1.4.2 Submit Product Data: Including rated capacities of selected models and weights
(shipping, installation, and operation). Indicate materials, finishes, dimensions,
required clearances, and methods of assembly of components; and piping and
wiring connections for the following plumbing specialty products:
 Pressure regulators
 Water filters
 Strainers

 Hose bibbs
 Drain valves
 Cleanouts, cover plates, and access panels
 Vent caps, vent terminals, and roof flashing assemblies
 Floor drains, open receptors and trench drains

 Sleeve penetration systems
 Maintenance data for inclusion in the Operation and Maintenance Manuals as

specified in Division-1 Sections

Comply with BS 31.9, “Building Services Piping” for materials, products, and
installation.
1.5.1 Electrical Components Standard: “National Electrical Code”.
1.5.2 Design Concept: The Drawings indicate capacities, sizes, and dimensional
requirements of system components. Components having equal performance
characteristics, that deviating from the indicated size and dimensions may be
accepted provided deviations do not change the design concept or intended
performance. The burden of proof for equality of products is on the Contractor.
1.6 EXTRA MATERIALS

1.6.1 Deliver Extra Material to Owner: Furnish extra materials matching products
installed as described below. Package them with protective covering for storage
and identify with labels clearly describing contents.
1.6.2 Operating Key (Handles): Furnish 1 extra key for each key operated hose bibb
and hydrant installed.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
Subject to compliance with the specification requirements of this section, provide
products by one of the attached list of manufacturers or approved equal .
2.2 WATER PRESSURE REGULATORS

ASSE 1003, water pressure regulators, rated for initial working pressure of 1000
kPa minimum, of size, flow rate, and inlet and outlet pressures indicated or
required by system performance. Corrosion-resistant interior components,
polished chrome plate exterior finishing in chrome plated piping system. Include
integral factory-installed or separated field-installed Y-type strainer.
50 mm and Smaller: Bronze body with threaded ends.
65 mm and Larger: Cast-iron body with flanged ends with FDA approved
epoxy interior lining.

2.3 BACKFLOW PREVENTORS

ASSE standard, backflow preventers, corrosion, resistant internal components with
inlet strainer, 850 kPa minimum working pressure except where indicated
otherwise.
50 mm and Smaller: Bronze body with threaded ends.
65 mm and Larger: Cast-iron body with flanged ends with FDA approved
epoxy interior lining.
2.3.1 Hose Connection Vacuum Breakers: ASSE 1001, nickelplated, with

nonremovable and manual drain features, and ASME B1.20.7 garden-hose threads
on outlet. Units attached to rough-bronze-finish hose connections may be rough
bronze.
2.4 MISCELLANEOUS PIPING SPECIALTIES

2.4.1 Piping Specialties: Such as escutcheons, dielectric fittings, sleeves, and sleeve
seals are specified in Division 15 Section 15050.
2.4.2 Strainers: Y-pattern, except where otherwise indicated, full size of connecting
piping, Type 304 stainless steel screens with 1.2 mm perforations except where
other screens are indicated.
50 mm and Smaller: Bronze body, with female threaded ends.
65 mm and Larger: Cast-iron body, with interior FDA-approved epoxy

coating and flanged ends.
Y-Type Strainers: Screwed screen retainer with centered blowdown, factory-or

field-installed, hose-end drain valve.
Basket-Type Strainers: Bolted flange or clamp cover, and basket having lift-out
handle with bronze basket, factory- or field-installed hose-end drain valve.
2.4.3 Hose Bibbs: 20 mm chrome plated bronze body, with renewable composition
disc, 20 mm threaded joint inlet. Provide ASME B1.20.7 garden-hose threads on
outlet and integral hose-connection vacuum breaker. Indoor bibbs to be provided
with handles while outdoors to be operated by key. Provide 1 operating key for
every 5 hose bibbs as Fig. No. S8C/8A-C manufactured by Watt Regulator Co.,
USA or approved equal.
2.4.4 Hose-End Drain Valves: 20 mm ball valve, rated for 2700 kPa WOG. Include 2-
piece bronze body conforming to ASME B62, standard port, chrome-plated brass
ball, replaceable "TFE" seats and seals blowout-proof stem, and vinyl-covered
steel handle.
2.4.5 Vent Caps: Standard manufacturers' product, cast-iron body with threaded or sub
inlet and vandal-proof design. Include vented hood and set-screws to secure to
vent pipe.

2.4.6 Vent Terminal: Commercially manufactured assembly constructed of copper.

Size to provide 25 mm enclosed air space between outside of pipe and inside of
flashing collar extension, with counter flashing.
2.4.7 Roof Flashing Assemblies: Manufactured assembly consisting of 1.6 mm lead

flashing collar with boot and skirt extending at least 200 mm from pipe, with
galvanized steel boot reinforcement and counter flashing fitting.
Extended model with field-installed, vandal-proof vent cap.
2.5 CLEANOUTS
2.5.1 General: Size cleanouts as indicated on drawings, or where not indicated, same
size as connected drainage piping.
2.5.2 Cleanouts: ASME A112.36.2M, Cast-iron/PVC body with straight threads and
gasket seal or taper threads for plug, flashing flange clamping ring, and a brass
closure plug. Cleanouts for installation in floors not having membrane
waterproofing may be furnished without clamping ring.
2.6 FLOOR DRAINS / AREA DRAINS

2.6.1 General: Size outlets as indicated on drawings.
2.6.2 Floor Drains: With seepage flange and clamping device. Floor drains for
installation in floors not having membrane waterproofing may have seepage flange
without clamping device. Floor drains for use as area drains in exterior slab on
grade may be furnished with anchor flange instead of seepage flange and clamping
device. Provide funnel for floor drains in the locations of indirect drain to prevent
water supply.
Shower floor drain (SHD) with adjustable head to meet finished floor elevations
and provided with beveled clamp collar and head assembly .The non metal floor
drains shall be installed in sunken floors.
2.6.3 Deep Seal Trap: Cast-iron or bronze or PVC, with inlet and outlet matching
connected piping, cleanout where indicated, and trap seal primer valve connection
where indicated.
50 mm Size: 100 mm minimum water seal.
65 mm and Larger: 125 mm minimum water seal.
2.6.4 Inlet Fittings: Cast-iron, with threaded inlet and threaded or spigot outlet, and
trap seal primer valve connection where indicated.
2.6.5 Air Gap Fittings: ASME A112.1.2, cast iron or cast bronze, with fixed air gap,
inlet for drain pipe or tube, and threaded or spigot outlet.
2.7 TRENCH DRAINS

ASME A 112.21.1M, cast-iron body, with seepage flange and clamping device.
Trench drains for installation in floors not having membrane waterproofing may

have seepage flange without clamping devices. Trench drains for use as area
drains in exterior slab on grade may be furnished with anchor flange or other
anchoring device instead of seepage flange and clamping device. See Product
Data Sheet at end of Part 3 of this Section for shape, dimensions, grate material,
grate and body top finish, top loading classification, sump size, number of outlets,
and specific features.
2.8 TRENCH GRATES

Ductile iron trench grate and Epoxy coated steel frame with anchor stirps.
2.9 SLEEVE PENETRATION SYSTEMS

2.9.1 Description: UL 1479, through-penetration firestop assembly consisting of sleeve
and stack fitting with fire stopping plug.
2.10 FLASHING MATERIALS

2.10.1 Lead: ASTM B 749, Type L51121, copper-bearing sheet, at least 1.6 mm thick
for general use, and at least 2.5 mm for burning (welding), except as otherwise
indicated.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 PIPING SPECIALTY INSTALLATION

Install pressure-regulating valve with inlet and outlet shut-off valves and balance
cock bypass. Install pressure gage on valve inlet and outlet and install valved
bypass where indicated.
Install strainers on supply side of each control valve, pressure-regulating valve,
and solenoid valve, and where indicated.
Install hose bibbs and wall hydrants with integral vacuum breaker.
Install cleanouts in above ground-piping and building drain piping as indicated,
and where not indicated, according to the following:
 Size same as drainage piping up to 100 mm. Use 100 mm size for larger
drainage piping except where larger size cleanout is indicated.
 Locate at each change in direction of piping greater than 45 degrees and at
maximum intervals of 15 m for piping 100 mm and smaller and 30 m for larger
piping.
 Locate at base of each vertical soil or waste stack.
 Install cleanout wall access covers with frame and cover flush with finished
wall.
Install flashing flange and clamping with each stack and cleanout passing through
floors having waterproof membrane.
Install vent flashing sleeves on stacks passing through roof. Secure over stack
flashing according to the manufacturer's written instructions.

3.2 FLOOR DRAIN INSTALLATION

Install floor drains according to manufacturer's written instructions, in locations
indicated.
Install floor drains at low points of surface areas to be drained, or as indicated. Set
tops of drains flush with finished floor. Provide traps for drains.
Install drain flashing collar or flange so that no leakage occurs between drain and
adjoining flooring. Maintain integrity of waterproof membranes, where
penetrated. Install drain funnel and priming connections where required.
Position drains for easy accessibility and maintenance.
3.3 INTERCEPTOR INSTALLATION

Comply with unit manufacturer’s written installation instructions and the code
requirements for trapping and venting.
Provide units clear space for servicing. Install waste piping, flow control fitting,
vent piping, and accessories as indicated and or required for proper operation.
Coordinate oil storage tank and gravity drain. Set unit and extension when
required, with cover flush with finished floor. Set unit in pit and install cleanout
immediately downstream of interceptor units not having integral cleanout on
outlet.
3.4 CONNECTION
3.4.1 Supply Runouts to Fixtures: Install hot- and cold-water supply piping runouts to
fixtures of sizes indicated, but not smaller than required by plumbing code.
3.4.2 Drainage Runouts to Fixtures: Provide drainage and vent piping runouts to
plumbing fixtures and drains, with approved trap, of sizes indicated, but not
smaller than required by plumbing code.
3.5 FLASHING INSTALLATION

Provide flashing manufactured in a single piece except where large sumps, or other
drainage shapes are required.
Install 1.6 mm lead flashing except when another weight or material is specified.
Install 2.5 mm lead flashing or heavier where burning (welding) of lead sheets is
required.
Pipe Flashing: Sleeve type, matching pipe size, with minimum sleeve length 200
mm and skirt or flange extending at least 200 mm around pipe.
Sleeve Flashing: Flat sheet, with skirt or flange extending at least 200 mm around
sleeve.
Embedded Specialty Flashing: Flat sheet, with skirt or flange extending at least
200 mm around specialty.
Set flashing on floors and roofs in solid coating of bituminous cement. Secure
flashing into sleeve and specialty clamping ring or device.
Extend flashing up vent pipe passing through roofs and turn down into pipe or

secure flashing into cast-iron sleeve having caulking recess.

Fabricate and install lead sheet flashing install drain connection when indicated.
3.6 COMMISSIONING
3.6.1 Preparation: Perform the following Checks before start-up:
Systems tests are complete.
3.6.2 Before Operating Systems: Perform these steps:

 Close drain valves, hydrants, and hose bibbs.
 Open valves to full open position.
 Remove and clean strainers.
 Verify drainage and vent piping are clear of obstructions.
 Flush with water until clear.
3.6.3 Starting Procedures: Follow manufacturer's written procedures. If no

procedures are prescribed by manufacturer, start and run units through complete
sequence of operations.
3.7 ADJUSTING
Adjust operation and correct deficiencies discovered during commissioning.
3.8 PROTECTION
Protect drains during remainder of construction period to avoid clogging with dirt and
debris and to prevent damage from traffic and construction work.
Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day or when work stops.
3.9 SPARE PARTS

Hand over to the Employer spare parts and tools required for the operation and
maintenance of the work for a period of one year.
3.10 PLUMBING SPECIALTIES PRODUCT DATA SHEETS

3.10.1 Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, plumbing
specialties that may be incorporated in the work include, but are not limited to, the
products specified in each Specialties Product Data Sheet.
3.10.2 Abbreviations: Used in the following Data Sheets include:

AD Area Drain
B Bronze
CI Cast Iron
CG Compression Gasket
D Dome
DI Ductile Iron
FCO Floor Cleanout

FD Floor Drain
GS Galvanized Steel
HD Heavy Duty
XHD Extra Heavy Duty
IG Inside Gasket
LD Light Duty
MD Medium Duty
NB Nickel Bronze
PD Planter Drain
POG Push-On Gasket
NH No-HUB
R Round
S Square
S.ST Stainless Steel
GCO Ground Cleanout
3.10.3 Product Schedules:

Floor/Ground Cleanout
FCO1 FCO2
Body
Material ABS/PVC CI
Outlet POG-Bottom POG-Bottom
Cover
Material NB DI
Shape S R
Size (mm) 200 180/230
Duty LD HD
Equipment
Locations Toilets
Room

Floor Drains
FD1 FD2 SHD1
Body
Material ABS/PVC CI ABS/PVC
POG-
Outlet POG-Bottom POG-Bottom
Bottom
Grate
Material NB CI NB
Shape S R S
Size (mm) 200 300 150
Duty LD HD LD
- Equipment
- Toilets - Showers
room, Trash
Locations
room, light
- Janitor
well
Provide Funnel where required for any indirect waste.

Trench Grate
TG1
Frame DI
Grate DI
Trench Concrete
Duty HD
Width (mm) 300
Locations Basement, Mechanical rooms
Trench Drains
TD1
Body CI
Grate NB-Dome

Outlet IG-Bottom
Location Basement, Mechanical rooms

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Mountain View – I City (N.

Project Code:- DMA–I-M-012-000

Plumbing and Fire Protection

Rev. (0-IFT) August, 2017

PLUMBING AND FIRE PROTECTION

Division 15 Page 1/1 August, 2017

ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

1.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

Section 15030 Page 1/3 August, 2017

ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

2.3 ENCLOSURE TYPE

2.4 NOISE RATING

2.7 STARTERS, ELECTRICAL DEVICES AND WIRING

Section 15030 Page 2/3 August, 2017

ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

Interlocks, pneumatic switches and similar devices as required for coordination

2.7.5 Disconnect Switches:

2.7.6 Enclosures: Enclosures for electrical equipment shall be of IP 54 to IEC

END OF SECTION 15030

Section 15030 Page 3/3 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

1.3.3 Exposed Interior Installations: Exposed to view indoors. Examples include

1.3.4 Exposed Exterior Installations: Exposed to view outdoors, or subject to

Section 15030 Page 1/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

1.4.1 Product Data: For the following piping specialties:

1.4.4 Coordination drawings: For access panel and door locations.

1.4.5 Prepare Coordination Drawings: According to Conditions of the Contract

Section 15030 Page 2/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.6 DELIVERY STORAGE AND HANDLING

1.7 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

Section 15030 Page 3/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

surfaces. Coordinate installation of identifying devices after completing

2.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS

2.2 JOINTING MATERIALS

Section 15030 Page 4/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.2.5 Solvent Cements: Manufacturer’s standards solvents complying with the

2.2.6 Plastic Pipe Seals: ASTM F 477, elastomeric gasket.

2.3 PIPING SPECIALTIES

2.3.2 Dielectric Fittings: Assembly or fitting having insulating material isolating

2.3.3 Mechanical Sleeve Seals: Modular, watertight mechanical type. Components

Section 15030 Page 5/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.3.5 Underground Wall Penetration Systems: Wall sleeve assembly, consisting of

2.4 IDENTIFYING DEVICES AND LABELS

2.4.2 Equipment Nameplates: Metal nameplate with operational data engraved or

2.4.4 Location: An accessible and visible location.

Section 15030 Page 6/13 August, 2017

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.4.6 Snap-on Plastic Pipe Markers: Manufacturer's standard preprinted, semi-rigid