Client: Jones Engineering

Project: Shovelnose
Calculation Report
QSS2-PPA-CU-XX-CA-M-3000
IES VE Steady State Heating and Cooling Loads Calculation

CURRENT ISSUE

Issue No: P02 Issue Date: 09/08/2022

Sign Off Creator: Checked: Purpose of Issue:

Print Name: Calum Pratt / Dawid Kropiwnicki Peter Bak S3 - Issued for Review and Comment

PREVIOUS ISSUES

Issue No: Date: Creator: Checked: Purpose of Issue:

P01 14/07/2022 CP/DK Peter Bak S3 – Issued for Review and Comment
Contents

Introduction.............................................................................................................................................. 3
Model Inputs ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Simulation Results and Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 9
Appendix 1 - Dammam Weather Data .................................................................................................... 9
Appendix 2 – Steady State Heating and Cooling Loads ........................................................................ 11
Introduction

This report demonstrates the Steady State Heating and Cooling Loads calculation performed using
IES VE thermal modelling software.

The building layout and “Project North” constructed in the IES has been based on the architectural
drawings: 21-051-P-002-P4 - Data Centre - Ground Floor Plan, 21-051-P-003-P3 - Data Centre - First
Floor Plan, 21-051-P-004-P3 - Data Centre - Roof Plan, 21-051-P-005-P4 - Data Centre - Building
Sections & 21-051-P-006-P4 - Data Centre - Building Elevations.

The model assumes that all spaces within the boundary of the phase 2 and phase 3 are to be shell and
core, without any cooling or ventilation provided.

The weather data used for the steady state heating and cooling loads calculation is as per ASHRAE
2021 Climatic Design Conditions for “DHAHARAN KING ABDULAZIZ AB, Saudi Arabia (WMO: 404160)”
(Appendix 1). This location differs from the contract documents used weather station, as the proposed
weather location is the nearest available to Shovelnose site, as can be seen in Figure 1.

All office areas and data hall pressurisation AHU’s and data hall corridors are to be served from an
independent Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system.

All rooms within the MEP blocks and the data halls will be cooled by the Chilled Water (CHW) system.

The ambient weather conditions used to size the plant are shown in Table 1.
 Proposed
Weather Station

Shovelnose Site Location

Figure 1 - Site Location vs Weather Station Location

Project Shovelnose Design Conditions

DC Infrastructure & any other Critical Areas Office Block
N20 Max N20 Min Annual Annual
N50 Max N50 Min
Proposed Proposed Cooling Heating
Dry Bulb
50.1 2.7 51.0 1.5 45.9 8.1
Temperature (°C)
Wet Bulb
35.5 -1.6 36.6 -3.0 22.9 3.1
Temperature (°C)
Distance from site to
18 km
the weather station
Table 1 - Design Conditions

The proposed design conditions used for this simulation differ from the contact requirements calling
for the design to be done to N50 conditions. Since the Uptime Institute only requires the design to
be done to N20, we would strongly suggest that the Shovelnose Design is completed based on the
N20 weather conditions.
Model Inputs

Construction Materials

The construction materials used for this simulation were based on the previous Stingray project. Any
information gaps have been filled with the data provided in the SBC – 601 – Saudi Energy Conservation
Code – Commercial. Any other items that were missing were substituted by default data from the IES
VE library.

All construction materials used in this simulation can be seen in Table 2.

Construction Materials
U-value
Area of Application Used Material Comments
(W/m2K)
Roof cladding above data Roof standing seam 0.3 Based on Stingray
hall and office area Project
Roof above MEP blocks RCC concrete and 0.4 Based on Stingray
insulation Project
External cladding 100mm Composite panel 0.35 Based on Stingray
Project
Internal partitions inside 100mm Composite panel 0.35 Based on Stingray
DH and MEP blocks 150mm Composite panel 0.233 Project
External glazing and Double glass and 2.1 Based on Stingray
frame aluminium profiles (G-value 0.25) Project
G-value based on
SBC-601, Table 5.1
Internal ceiling and floor n/a 1.08 Default from IES VE
in office and MEP blocks library
Internal glazing n/a 3.8 Default from IES VE
library
External doors n/a 2.84 Based on SBC-601,
Table 5.1
Table 2 - Construction Materials
Internal Conditions

Internal conditions for all the rooms set out in the simulation were based on the conditions
document received in the contract document pack and are presented in Table 3.

Internal Conditions
Space Temperature (°Cdb) Comments
Data Hall Cold Aisle 24
Data Hall Hot Aisle 35
LV Switch Room 30
UPS Plant Room 25
UPS Battery Room 25
Mechanical Plant Room 30
As per Stingray Project
MMR 25
General Circulation 26
Admin Building (offices and other key 24
occupied areas)
Admin Building (stores, delivery, and 26
circulation areas)
Table 3 - Internal Conditions

Internal Gains

Where available, the internal gains have been taken from the contract documents provided. The
occupants’ heat gains as well as the office equipment gains, were obtained from CIBSE Guide A, which
is listed as an international guideline in the CIBSE Design Guide for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:
DGSA01:2021. The heat gains from the electrical and mechanical equipment in the MEP blocks have
been taken from the previous Stingray Project. Any information gaps have been filled in by
assumptions based on legacy data from past data centre projects. The model has also included 0.25
air changes per hour of infiltration to all rooms with the external walls.

The occupancy density in the office areas was based on the number of chairs shown in the building
layouts. Any missing information was filled with the data available in SBC – 501 – Saudi Mechanical
Code, Table 403.3.1.1. All internal gains are presented in Table 4 on the next page.
 Internal Gains
Space Internal Gain Comments
Data Hall 1500 kW Based on project requirements.
LV Switch Room 8.75 kW
UPS Plant Rooms A and D 45 kW
UPS Plant Rooms B and C 60 kW Currently based on Project Stingray
and to be confirmed.
UPS Battery Room A and D 0.6 kW
UPS Battery Room B and C 0.75 kW
Mechanical Plant Room 16 kW Mechanical plant room includes gains
from Secondary Pumps, VFDs and
electrical cables
Transformer Room AN - 17.4 / AF - 25.75 kW Based on supplier information
Substation HV Room 1 1.6kW Based on the resistivity loss (I2R) in
copper and aluminium
Substation HV Room 2 3.1kW Based on the resistivity loss (I2R) in
copper and aluminium and 1.5kW
server gains
MMR 25 kW Based on 5off 5kW racks per MMR
Room
General Lighting Gains 8W/m2 Based on Project Stingray
General People Gains
@24°C 80W/person Sensible + 60W/person
@26°C Latent As per CIBSE Guide A, Table 6.3
70W/person Sensible + 70W/person
Latent
Office Equipment 15W/m2 As per CIBSE Guide A, Table 6.2
2
Fire Command Centre 50W/ m Based on Project Stingray

Fibre Entry Rooms 1.5kW Heat gains from fibre carriers

BMS Core Switch Room 29.3kW Heat gains from the BMS and security
server racks
IDF Room 3kW Heat gains from IDF server rack
Telecom Room 6.28kW Heat gains from telecom server rack
Table 4 - Internal Gains
Dynamic Simulation for Cooling of WCs

An annualised dynamic simulation has been performed to evaluate the necessity of mechanical
cooling in the toilets and the ablution rooms. The dynamic model includes the supply of conditioned
air from the central AHU system. The supply air from the AHU enters the room at a temperature of
26°C.

The simulation assumed that all toilets will be fully occupied for a period of 15mins on hourly
intervals, between 09:00 and 17:30. The number of occupants in the rooms has been defined based
on the number of toilets/urinals in each toilet, as shown in the latest BIM model.

Figure 1 presents the result of the dynamic simulation, showing the maximum, minimum and mean
temperatures in all concerned rooms. As shown, the maximum temperature does not exceed
28.02°C, while the minimum does not fall below 23.51°C, and the annualised mean falling between
25.82°C and 25.97°C, which is fulfilling the requirements of the contract conditions document QSS2-
BSE3D-1-CON-SP-MEP-0100-D3.C1.

Figure 2 Toilet Air Temperature

Simulation Results and Conclusions

This preliminary IES VE Steady State Heating and Cooling calculation has been performed based on
the most up to date information. Any gaps in information have been filled with the legacy data from
project Stingray. The calculation will be updated accordingly once more information becomes
available.

The results of the steady state heating calculation have found the total cooling load of 3536kW

The total cooling required by both MMR rooms is equal to 56.3kW.

The total cooling and heating required by the office building is equal to 98.6kW and 13kW,
respectively.

The total cooling and heating required by substation is equal to 16.1kW.

There are 2 scenarios for the transformer room cooling, these are AF and AN scenarios.

AN Scenario (17.40kW Heat Dissipation)

• To cool the transformer rooms to 50°C via mechanical ventilation, 3600l/s of mechanical
ventilation will be required.

Figure 3 TX rooms Air Temperature & Air Flow rate (AN Scenario)

AF Scenario (25.75kW Heat Dissipation)

• To cool the transformer rooms to 50°C via mechanical ventilation, 4900l/s of mechanical
ventilation will be required.

Figure 4 TX rooms Air Temperature & Flowrate (AF Scenario)

The summarised results of the steady state peak heating and cooling load calculation can be seen in
appendix 2.
Appendix 1 – Dammam Weather Data
 2021 ASHRAE Handbook — Fundamentals (SI) © 2021 ASHRAE, Inc.

DHAHARAN KING ABDULAZIZ AB, Saudi Arabia WMO: 404160

Lat: 26.265N Lon: 50.152E Elev: 26 StdP: 101.02 Time Zone: 3.00 (E03) Period: 94-19 WBAN: 99999
Annual Heating, Humidification, and Ventilation Design Conditions
Humidification DP/MCDB and HR Coldest Month WS/MCDB MCWS/PCWD
Coldest Heating DB
99.6% 99% 0.4% 1% to 99.6% DB WSF
Month
99.6% 99% DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB WS MCDB WS MCDB MCWS PCWD
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(1) 1 8.1 9.5 -4.2 2.7 18.5 -2.0 3.2 20.8 10.5 16.9 9.8 16.9 4.3 300 0.509 (1)
Annual Cooling, Dehumidification, and Enthalpy Design Conditions
Hottest Cooling DB/MCWB Evaporation WB/MCDB MCWS/PCWD
Hottest to 0.4% DB
Month 0.4% 1% 2% 0.4% 1% 2%
Month
DB Range DB MCWB DB MCWB DB MCWB WB MCDB WB MCDB WB MCDB MCWS PCWD
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(2) 7 13.2 45.9 22.9 44.8 22.9 43.2 23.0 31.3 35.9 30.4 35.6 29.4 35.2 5.9 0 (2)
Dehumidification DP/MCDB and HR Enthalpy/MCDB
Extreme
0.4% 1% 2% 0.4% 1% 2%
Max WB
DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB Enth MCDB Enth MCDB Enth MCDB
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(3) 30.2 27.6 34.3 29.1 25.9 33.9 28.0 24.3 33.8 108.1 35.4 102.5 35.2 97.9 35.0 36.2 (3)
Extreme Annual Design Conditions
Extreme Annual Temperature n-Year Return Period Values of Extreme Temperature
Extreme Annual WS
Mean Standard Deviation n=5 years n=10 years n=20 years n=50 years
1% 2.5% 5% Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
(a) (b) (c) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(4) 10.9 9.7 8.8 DB 5.6 47.9 1.6 1.2 4.5 48.7 3.6 49.4 2.7 50.1 1.5 51.0 (4)
(5) WB 2.0 32.7 1.9 1.5 0.6 33.8 -0.5 34.7 -1.6 35.5 -3.0 36.6 (5)
Monthly Climatic Design Conditions
Annual Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(6) DBAvg 27.6 16.4 18.1 21.9 27.0 32.7 35.8 37.1 36.6 33.8 29.8 23.4 18.2 (6)
(7) DBStd 7.82 2.60 2.89 2.95 2.93 2.42 1.78 1.39 1.47 1.95 2.20 3.06 2.79 (7)
(8) Temperatures, HDD10.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (8)
(9) Degree-Days HDD18.3 151 72 36 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 37 (9)
(10) and CDD10.0 6429 198 226 368 509 705 774 839 825 714 614 402 255 (10)
(11) Degree-Hours CDD18.3 3539 11 29 114 259 447 524 581 567 464 356 154 33 (11)
(12) CDH23.3 52418 36 134 864 2879 6882 8903 9986 9548 7220 4572 1250 145 (12)
(13) CDH26.7 35284 2 20 298 1428 4547 6512 7507 7068 4885 2578 429 12 (13)
(14) Wind WSAvg 4.3 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.6 5.1 4.6 3.8 3.8 3.5 4.0 4.1 (14)
(15) PrecAvg 77 15 13 19 7 1 0 0 0 0 1 10 13 (15)
(16) PrecMax 327 82 78 208 59 11 0 0 0 0 18 121 94 (16)
Precipitation
(17) PrecMin 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (17)
(18) PrecStd 66 18 20 35 10 2 0 0 0 0 3 22 21 (18)
(19) DB 26.2 29.1 35.9 40.0 45.0 47.1 47.2 46.9 44.8 41.0 35.0 28.1 (19)
0.4%
(20)
Monthly Design MCWB 15.8 17.2 18.2 20.3 21.9 21.8 23.2 23.3 22.9 21.3 21.2 18.8 (20)
(21) Dry Bulb DB 24.1 26.8 32.0 37.2 42.8 45.2 45.9 45.0 42.9 39.0 32.2 26.2 (21)
2%
(22) and MCWB 16.3 16.1 17.4 19.9 21.7 22.1 23.1 24.0 22.9 22.0 21.0 17.8 (22)
(23) Mean Coincident DB 22.8 24.9 29.9 35.2 41.0 43.9 44.5 43.9 41.4 37.2 30.9 25.0 (23)
Wet Bulb 5%
(24) MCWB 16.0 16.0 17.0 19.2 21.1 21.9 22.9 24.3 23.2 22.2 20.8 17.7 (24)
(25) Temperatures DB 21.2 23.2 27.9 33.2 39.2 42.2 43.2 42.8 40.0 35.9 29.1 23.6 (25)
10%
(26) MCWB 15.3 15.7 16.6 19.2 21.1 21.7 23.0 24.6 23.7 22.3 20.4 17.3 (26)
(27) WB 19.8 20.3 21.9 24.1 28.2 29.2 32.2 32.8 31.6 28.6 26.2 21.8 (27)
0.4%
(28)
Monthly Design MCDB 22.2 24.2 27.3 31.1 34.8 34.9 35.9 36.2 35.9 32.2 29.5 24.8 (28)
(29) Wet Bulb WB 18.5 19.0 20.6 22.7 26.2 27.6 30.7 31.8 30.0 27.4 24.2 20.5 (29)
2%
(30) and MCDB 21.4 22.3 25.7 30.1 33.9 34.2 35.9 36.1 34.7 31.2 28.4 23.6 (30)
(31) Mean Coincident WB 17.5 18.2 19.7 21.9 24.9 26.2 29.6 30.8 28.9 26.6 23.1 19.4 (31)
Dry Bulb 5%
(32) MCDB 20.7 21.9 24.9 29.7 33.4 34.8 35.5 35.7 34.2 30.8 27.5 22.7 (32)
(33) Temperatures WB 16.5 17.3 18.7 21.1 23.7 24.9 28.5 30.0 27.9 25.8 22.1 18.3 (33)
10%
(34) MCDB 20.1 21.3 24.5 29.2 33.5 35.5 35.2 35.6 33.6 30.6 26.7 22.0 (34)
(35) MDBR 9.7 10.2 11.2 12.0 13.0 13.7 13.2 12.8 13.3 12.7 10.6 10.0 (35)
(36) Mean Daily MCDBR 10.6 11.7 14.4 14.8 15.4 15.9 15.1 14.6 14.7 14.5 12.2 11.1 (36)
5% DB
(37) Temperature MCWBR 5.6 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.7 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.1 6.3 5.7 5.7 (37)
(38) Range MCDBR 8.7 9.0 10.6 12.4 13.4 14.5 12.7 12.0 12.5 12.5 10.7 9.0 (38)
5% WB
(39) MCWBR 5.7 5.0 5.3 5.3 6.3 7.4 6.9 6.5 6.8 6.3 5.7 5.5 (39)
(40) taub 0.520 0.571 0.632 0.692 0.687 0.656 0.686 0.636 0.565 0.527 0.533 0.501 (40)
(41) Clear-Sky taud 1.839 1.731 1.606 1.541 1.539 1.582 1.570 1.670 1.790 1.870 1.856 1.896 (41)
Solar
(42)
Irradiance Ebn at Noon 706 705 691 666 669 686 665 696 734 735 689 702 (42)
(43) Edh at Noon 183 219 261 285 286 272 275 247 214 187 178 166 (43)
(44) All-Sky Solar RadAvg 3.73 4.46 5.35 5.96 6.85 7.40 7.00 6.67 6.15 5.12 3.85 3.52 (44)
(45) Radiation RadStd 0.25 0.28 0.38 0.37 0.20 0.21 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.15 0.27 0.25 (45)
Historical Trends
Heating Cooling Degree-Days
DBAvg
99% DB 99% DP 1% DB 1% WB 1% DP HDD10.0 HDD18.3 CDD10.0 CDD18.3
(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m)
(46) Station Only +0.47 N/A -3.14 +1.30 N/A N/A N/A N/A +204 +202 (46)
(47) Regional (5 neighbors) +0.51 N/A -1.52 +0.70 N/A N/A N/A N/A +196 +191 (47)
 2021 ASHRAE Handbook — Fundamentals (SI) © 2021 ASHRAE, Inc.

DAMMAM KING FAHD INTL, Saudi Arabia WMO: 404150

Lat: 26.433N Lon: 49.800E Elev: 12 StdP: 101.18 Time Zone: 3.00 (E03) Period: 99-19 WBAN: 99999
Annual Heating, Humidification, and Ventilation Design Conditions
Humidification DP/MCDB and HR Coldest Month WS/MCDB MCWS/PCWD
Coldest Heating DB
99.6% 99% 0.4% 1% to 99.6% DB WSF
Month
99.6% 99% DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB WS MCDB WS MCDB MCWS PCWD
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(1) 1 6.9 8.2 -7.9 1.9 18.2 -5.8 2.3 19.3 13.4 16.0 11.3 15.0 4.0 280 0.530 (1)
Annual Cooling, Dehumidification, and Enthalpy Design Conditions
Hottest Cooling DB/MCWB Evaporation WB/MCDB MCWS/PCWD
Hottest to 0.4% DB
Month 0.4% 1% 2% 0.4% 1% 2%
Month
DB Range DB MCWB DB MCWB DB MCWB WB MCDB WB MCDB WB MCDB MCWS PCWD
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(2) 7 14.4 46.2 21.1 45.1 21.0 44.1 20.9 28.8 34.4 27.8 34.2 26.8 33.9 5.6 0 (2)
Dehumidification DP/MCDB and HR Enthalpy/MCDB
Extreme
0.4% 1% 2% 0.4% 1% 2%
Max WB
DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB DP HR MCDB Enth MCDB Enth MCDB Enth MCDB
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(3) 27.2 23.0 32.8 26.1 21.5 32.6 24.9 19.9 32.4 94.1 34.5 89.6 34.1 84.7 33.9 32.8 (3)
Extreme Annual Design Conditions
Extreme Annual Temperature n-Year Return Period Values of Extreme Temperature
Extreme Annual WS
Mean Standard Deviation n=5 years n=10 years n=20 years n=50 years
1% 2.5% 5% Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
(a) (b) (c) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(4) 12.5 10.8 9.5 DB 4.2 48.6 1.6 0.7 3.1 49.0 2.2 49.4 1.3 49.8 0.1 50.3 (4)
(5) WB 0.6 29.9 1.8 0.9 -0.6 30.5 -1.7 31.1 -2.7 31.5 -3.9 32.2 (5)
Monthly Climatic Design Conditions
Annual Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p)
(6) DBAvg 27.4 15.7 17.6 21.8 27.2 32.9 35.8 37.2 36.7 33.7 29.4 22.5 17.4 (6)
(7) DBStd 8.11 3.02 3.11 3.06 2.89 2.20 1.65 1.32 1.27 1.88 2.08 3.18 2.93 (7)
(8) Temperatures, HDD10.0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (8)
(9) Degree-Days HDD18.3 200 92 47 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 52 (9)
(10) and CDD10.0 6345 178 212 367 514 708 773 844 829 711 601 376 231 (10)
(11) Degree-Hours CDD18.3 3501 11 24 114 264 450 523 586 571 461 343 130 24 (11)
(12) CDH23.3 52841 71 193 1097 3081 6981 8937 10163 9636 7086 4333 1115 148 (12)
(13) CDH26.7 36086 11 47 448 1670 4683 6553 7684 7158 4821 2565 427 19 (13)
(14) Wind WSAvg 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.7 5.3 4.7 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.9 4.3 (14)
(15) PrecAvg 80 17 6 7 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 20 16 (15)
(16) PrecMax 125 55 28 20 29 23 1 0 0 0 1 100 76 (16)
Precipitation
(17) PrecMin 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (17)
(18) PrecStd 28 16 8 6 9 6 0 0 0 0 0 25 23 (18)
(19) DB 28.1 31.0 37.7 41.0 45.2 47.2 48.0 47.1 45.2 41.2 35.1 29.0 (19)
0.4%
(20)
Monthly Design MCWB 15.3 16.5 16.9 18.8 20.2 20.8 21.3 21.7 20.8 19.6 18.3 17.2 (20)
(21) Dry Bulb DB 25.1 27.9 34.0 38.4 43.2 45.8 46.4 45.9 43.2 39.8 33.0 26.5 (21)
2%
(22) and MCWB 14.8 15.0 16.4 18.3 19.6 20.4 21.2 21.7 20.8 19.5 18.2 16.0 (22)
(23) Mean Coincident DB 23.2 25.5 31.1 36.2 41.8 44.2 45.1 44.8 42.1 38.1 31.1 25.0 (23)
Wet Bulb 5%
(24) MCWB 14.5 14.3 15.8 17.8 19.4 20.0 21.0 21.7 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.2 (24)
(25) Temperatures DB 21.6 23.8 28.9 34.5 40.2 43.1 44.0 43.8 41.0 36.6 29.1 23.1 (25)
10%
(26) MCWB 13.8 14.1 15.1 17.6 19.2 19.6 20.8 21.8 20.9 19.8 18.3 15.6 (26)
(27) WB 18.7 18.5 20.1 21.7 24.2 26.2 29.7 30.6 28.5 26.2 23.0 20.7 (27)
0.4%
(28)
Monthly Design MCDB 22.3 23.6 26.5 29.0 32.8 33.0 34.4 34.8 33.9 31.0 27.7 23.9 (28)
(29) Wet Bulb WB 17.4 17.5 19.1 20.7 22.8 24.2 28.4 29.2 27.3 25.1 21.8 19.3 (29)
2%
(30) and MCDB 21.5 22.9 26.0 29.8 32.6 33.4 34.1 34.7 33.4 30.7 27.2 22.9 (30)
(31) Mean Coincident WB 16.3 16.5 18.2 20.0 21.9 22.5 27.2 28.2 26.4 24.2 20.9 18.1 (31)
Dry Bulb 5%
(32) MCDB 20.8 22.1 25.4 29.4 32.7 35.8 34.2 34.4 33.1 29.9 26.3 22.2 (32)
(33) Temperatures WB 15.1 15.7 17.2 19.3 21.0 21.2 25.6 27.3 25.4 23.4 20.0 17.0 (33)
10%
(34) MCDB 20.0 21.4 25.3 29.4 33.8 38.3 35.2 34.2 32.9 29.6 26.0 21.6 (34)
(35) MDBR 10.9 11.5 13.0 13.2 14.5 14.8 14.4 14.7 15.3 14.8 11.6 10.7 (35)
(36) Mean Daily MCDBR 12.9 14.1 17.0 16.6 16.8 16.8 16.2 16.2 16.4 16.4 14.1 12.7 (36)
5% DB
(37) Temperature MCWBR 5.7 5.4 5.7 4.7 5.3 5.9 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.2 5.7 5.7 (37)
(38) Range MCDBR 10.0 10.8 12.1 12.7 14.7 16.1 14.9 13.9 14.5 14.3 11.8 9.3 (38)
5% WB
(39) MCWBR 5.4 4.9 5.2 4.4 5.3 6.5 7.1 6.5 6.9 5.9 5.6 4.8 (39)
(40) taub 0.525 0.579 0.640 0.703 0.701 0.673 0.694 0.641 0.571 0.534 0.540 0.506 (40)
(41) Clear-Sky taud 1.783 1.671 1.552 1.486 1.482 1.515 1.518 1.616 1.730 1.805 1.792 1.838 (41)
Solar
(42)
Irradiance Ebn at Noon 698 696 684 658 660 675 660 692 728 726 678 694 (42)
(43) Edh at Noon 193 232 275 301 302 291 289 261 227 199 189 176 (43)
(44) All-Sky Solar RadAvg 3.80 4.55 5.45 6.06 7.01 7.57 7.20 6.86 6.26 5.22 3.91 3.57 (44)
(45) Radiation RadStd 0.26 0.27 0.39 0.35 0.20 0.21 0.16 0.12 0.11 0.15 0.28 0.26 (45)
Historical Trends
Heating Cooling Degree-Days
DBAvg
99% DB 99% DP 1% DB 1% WB 1% DP HDD10.0 HDD18.3 CDD10.0 CDD18.3
(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m)
(46) Station Only +0.28 N/A N/A +0.75 N/A N/A N/A N/A +114 N/A (46)
(47) Regional (3 neighbors) +0.47 N/A -1.83 +0.75 N/A N/A N/A N/A +170 +157 (47)
2021 ASHRAE Handbook — Fundamentals (SI) © 2021 ASHRAE, Inc.

Nomenclature — Tables of Climate Design Conditions

CDDn Cooling degree-days base n°C, °C-day

CDHn Cooling degree-hours base n°C, °C-hour
DB Dry bulb temperature, °C
DBAvg Average daily dry bulb temperature, °C
DBStd Standard deviation of daily average dry bulb temperature, °C
DP Dew point temperature, °C
Ebn at Noon Clear sky beam normal irradiance at solar noon, W/m²
Edh at Noon Clear sky diffuse horizontal irradiance at solar noon, W/m²
Elev Elevation, m
Enth Enthalpy, kJ/kg
HDDn Heating degree-days base n°C, °C-day
HR Humidity ratio, g of moisture per kg of dry air
Lat Latitude, °
Long Longitude, °
MCDB Mean coincident dry bulb temperature, °C
MCDBR Mean coincident dry bulb temperature range, °C
MCWB Mean coincident wet bulb temperature, °C
MCWBR Mean coincident wet bulb temperature range, °C
MCWS Mean coincident wind speed, m/s
MDBR Mean dry bulb temperature range, °C
PCWD Prevailing coincident wind direction, °, 0 = North, 90 = East
Period Range of years used to calculate design conditions
PrecAvg Average precipitation, mm
PrecMax Maximum precipitation, mm
PrecMin Minimum precipitation, mm
PrecStd Standard deviation of precipitation, mm
RadAvg Average daily all sky solar radiation, kWh/m²
RadStd Standard deviation of average daily all sky solar radiation, kWh/m²
StdP Standard pressure at station elevation, kPa
taub Clear sky optical depth for beam irradiance
taud Clear sky optical depth for diffuse irradiance
Time Zone Hours ahead or behind UTC, and time zone code
WB Wet bulb temperature, °C
WBAN Weather Bureau Army Navy number
WMO Station identifier derived from the World Meteorological Organziation
WS Wind speed, m/s
WSAvg Average wind speed, m/s
WSF Weather and shielding factor

Numbers (1) to (47) and letters (a) to (p) are row and column references to quickly point to an element in the table.
For example, the 5% design wet bulb temperature for July can be found in row (31), column (k).
Appendix 2 – Steady State Heating and Cooling Loads
 Heating and Cooling Loads

Steady State Peak Cooling Loads - Office

Room Name Air temperature (°C) Total Load + 10% (kW) Floor Area (m²) W/m²
GF - FoH - Stair 2 (GF-25) 26.0 1.0 20.0 48
GF - Fibre Entry A (GF-28) 26.0 2.7 10.9 251
GF - Fibre Entry B (GF-21) 26.0 2.0 10.2 196
GF - FoH - Canteen (GF-13) 24.0 4.5 34.9 129
GF - FoH - Cleaners Cupboard (GF-18) 26.0 0.1 2.7 34
GF - FoH - Conference Room (GF-12) 24.0 3.6 32.0 112
GF - FoH - Disabled WC1 (GF-14) 26.0 0.0 4.8 0
GF - FoH - Disabled WC2 (GF-04) 26.0 0.0 5.1 0
GF - FoH - Female Lockers & Changing (GF-10) 26.0 0.4 9.9 43
GF - FoH - Female WC / Shower (GF-17) 26.0 0.0 13.5 0
GF - FoH - First Aid Room (GF-07) 24.0 1.6 13.6 116
GF - FoH - GF Corridor (GF-09) 26.0 1.9 87.6 22
GF - FoH - Stair 1 (GF-06) 26.0 0.3 12.5 25
GF - FoH - Interview Room (GF-02) 24.0 2.6 18.0 146
GF - FoH - Male Ablution (GF-15) 26.0 0.6 13.2 49
GF - FoH - Male Lockers & Changing (GF-11) 26.0 1.0 10.4 94
GF - FoH - Male Prayer Room (GF-16) 24.0 4.2 18.0 233
GF - FoH - Male WC / Shower (GF-19) 26.0 0.0 22.7 0
GF - FoH - Reception (GF-01) 24.0 1.2 29.9 39
GF - FoH - Security / Fire Command (GF-03) 24.0 1.2 32.0 37
GF - FoH - Store (GF-08) 26.0 0.1 5.0 17
GF - Google Store (GF-23) 26.0 1.6 97.3 16
GF - Loading Bay (GF-20) 26.0 4.2 59.1 70
GF - Store A (GF-26) 26.0 2.1 24.8 85
GF - Store B (GF-24) 26.0 0.3 22.8 14
GF - BMS (GF-XX) 26.0 33.0 58.0 569
1F - AHU Plant Area (FF-13) 26.0 3.6 182.9 20
1F - FoH - Cleaner's Cupboard (FF-10) 26.0 0.1 2.7 35
1F - FoH - Corridor (FF-02) 26.0 1.0 63.1 16
1F - FoH - Disabled WC 1 (FF-08) 26.0 0.2 5.1 47
1F - FoH - Female Ablution (FF-07) 26.0 0.5 12.5 37
1F - FoH - Female Prayer Room (FF-06) 24.0 3.3 13.6 242
1F - FoH - Female WC (FF-09) 26.0 0.0 13.5 0
1F - FoH - Male WC (FF-11) 26.0 0.0 22.7 0
1F - FoH - QS Office (FF-01) 24.0 8.7 115.3 76
1F - FoH - Stairwell Corridor (FF-03) 26.0 0.1 7.8 12
1F - FoH - Store (FF-04) 26.0 0.1 5.0 11
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Conference Room) (FF-05) 24.0 2.5 21.2 118
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Phone) (FF-05) 24.0 0.3 4.9 72
*1F - FoH - Google Office (IDF Room) (FF-05) 24.0 3.2 5.1 625
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Break Area) (FF-05) 24.0 2.1 29.6 70
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Open Office) (FF-05) 24.0 2.5 33.5 74
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Corridor) (FF-05) 26.0 0.2 10.1 21
0
* Google Office Fitout as per Stingray, To Be Confirmed
 Heating and Cooling Loads

Steady State Peak Heating

Cooling Loads - Office
Room Name Air temperature (°C) Heating Load + 10% (kW) Floor Area (m²) W/m²
GF - FoH - Stair 2 (GF-25) 26.0 1.0 20.0 52
GF - Fibre Entry A (GF-28) 26.0 0.0 10.9 0
GF - Fibre Entry B (GF-21) 26.0 0.0 10.2 0
GF - FoH - Canteen (GF-13) 24.0 0.4 34.9 11
GF - FoH - Cleaners Cupboard (GF-18) 26.0 0.0 2.7 0
GF - FoH - Conference Room (GF-12) 24.0 0.4 32.0 14
GF - FoH - Disabled WC1 (GF-14) 26.0 0.0 4.8 0
GF - FoH - Disabled WC2 (GF-04) 26.0 0.0 5.1 0
GF - FoH - Female Lockers & Changing (GF-10) 26.0 0.0 9.9 0
GF - FoH - Female WC / Shower (GF-17) 26.0 0.0 13.5 0
GF - FoH - First Aid Room (GF-07) 24.0 0.3 13.6 23
GF - FoH - GF Corridor (GF-09) 26.0 1.1 87.6 13
GF - FoH - Stair 1 (GF-06) 26.0 0.2 12.5 15
GF - FoH - Interview Room (GF-02) 24.0 0.5 18.0 27
GF - FoH - Male Ablution (GF-15) 26.0 0.1 13.2 7
GF - FoH - Male Lockers & Changing (GF-11) 26.0 0.0 10.4 0
GF - FoH - Male Prayer Room (GF-16) 24.0 0.3 18.0 15
GF - FoH - Male WC / Shower (GF-19) 26.0 0.0 22.7 0
GF - FoH - Reception (GF-01) 24.0 0.4 29.9 14
GF - FoH - Security / Fire Command (GF-03) 24.0 0.5 32.0 16
GF - FoH - Store (GF-08) 26.0 0.0 5.0 0
GF - Google Store (GF-23) 26.0 0.0 97.3 0
GF - Loading Bay (GF-20) 26.0 2.4 59.1 40
GF - Store A (GF-26) 26.0 0.0 24.8 0
GF - Store B (GF-24) 26.0 0.0 22.8 0
GF - BMS (GF-XX) 26.0 0.0 58.0 0
1F - AHU Plant Area (FF-13) 26.0 0.0 182.9 0
1F - FoH - Cleaner's Cupboard (FF-10) 26.0 0.0 2.7 0
1F - FoH - Corridor (FF-02) 26.0 0.9 63.1 14
1F - FoH - Disabled WC 1 (FF-08) 26.0 0.0 5.1 0
1F - FoH - Female Ablution (FF-07) 26.0 0.1 12.5 8
1F - FoH - Female Prayer Room (FF-06) 24.0 0.2 13.6 17
1F - FoH - Female WC (FF-09) 26.0 0.0 13.5 0
1F - FoH - Male WC (FF-11) 26.0 0.0 22.7 0
1F - FoH - QS Office (FF-01) 24.0 2.3 115.3 20
1F - FoH - Stairwell Corridor (FF-03) 26.0 0.1 7.8 6
1F - FoH - Store (FF-04) 26.0 0.0 5.0 0
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Conference Room) (FF-05) 24.0 0.5 21.2 25
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Phone) (FF-05) 24.0 0.1 4.9 11
*1F - FoH - Google Office (IDF Room) (FF-05) 24.0 0.1 5.1 10
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Break Area) (FF-05) 24.0 0.4 29.6 13
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Open Office) (FF-05) 24.0 0.5 33.5 15
*1F - FoH - Google Office (Corridor) (FF-05) 26.0 0.3 10.1 27

* Google Office Fitout as per Stingray, To Be Confirmed

 Heating and Cooling Loads

Steady
SteadyState
StatePeak
PeakCooling
CoolingLoads
Loads- Office
- DC
Room Name Air temperature (°C) Total Load + 10% (kW) Floor Area (m²) W/m²
DH Corridor - Ph1 - 1 (GF-29) 26.0 0.2 14.5 14
DH Corridor - Ph1 - 2 (GF-29) 26.0 2.1 11.9 177
DH Corridor - Ph1 - 3 (GF-29) 26.0 8.2 209.2 39
DH Service Corridor - Ph1 (GF-36) 26.0 3.0 83.1 36
DH1 - CRAH Room 1 (GF-35) 35.0 0.0 111.2 0
DH1 - CRAH Room 2 (GF-33) 35.0 0.0 111.2 0
DH1 - Data Hall 1 (GF-34) 24.0 1515.7 558.8 2713
DH1 - Return Air Plenum 35.0 0.0 558.8 0
DH2 - CRAH Room 1 (GF-32) 35.0 0.0 111.2 0
DH2 - CRAH Room 2 (GF-30) 35.0 0.0 111.2 0
DH2 - Data Hall-2 (GF-31) 24.0 1524.6 558.8 2728
DH2 - Return Air Plenum 35.0 0.0 558.8 0
GF - MEP1 - FM Store (GF-51) 26.0 1.8 19.32 94
GF - MEP1 - Mechanical Plant Room (FF-23) 30.0 20.2 154.85 130
GF - MEP1 - Corridor 1 (GF-49) 26.0 2.1 21.58 99
GF - MEP1 - TX Room 1 (GF-48) 50.0 0.0 23.78 0
GF - MEP1 - TX Room 2 (GF-47) 50.0 0.0 23.78 0
GF - MEP1 - TX Room 3 (GF-46) 50.0 0.0 23.78 0
GF - MEP1 - TX Room 4 (GF-45) 50.0 0.0 23.2 0
GF - MEP1 - LV Plant Room 1 (GF-41) 30.0 10.5 42.64 246
GF - MEP1 - LV Plant Room 2 (GF-42) 30.0 10.5 42.64 247
GF - MEP1 - LV Plant Room 3 (GF-43) 30.0 10.7 42.64 250
GF - MEP1 - LV Plant Room 4 (GF-44) 30.0 11.4 41.6 275
GF - MEP1 - Corridor 2 (GF-37) 26.0 3.3 55.72 59
GF - MEP1 - Fire Suppression Room (GF-39) 26.0 1.7 47.56 35
GF - MEP1 - Cylinder Store (GF-38) 26.0 0.5 33.64 13
GF - MEP1 - Telecoms Room 24.0 8.2 15.87 517
GF - MMR A (GF-27) 25.0 29.4 47.61 618
GF - MMR B (GF-22) 25.0 26.9 48.3 557
1F - MEP1 - Mechanical Plant Room (FF-23) 30.0 3.0 112.47 26
1F - MEP1 - Corridor (FF-14) 26.0 11.5 153.71 75
1F - MEP1 - UPS Battery Room 1 (FF-15) 25.0 1.5 31.16 48
1F - MEP1 - UPS Battery Room 2 (FF-16) 25.0 1.5 31.16 47
1F - MEP1 - UPS Battery Room 3 (FF-17) 25.0 1.6 31.16 53
1F - MEP1 - UPS Battery Room 4 (FF-18) 25.0 2.4 31.16 77
1F - MEP1 - UPS Plant Room 1 (FF-22) 25.0 46.6 22.55 2067
1F - MEP1 - UPS Plant Room 2 (FF-21) 25.0 46.8 22.55 2077
1F - MEP1 - UPS Plant Room 3 (FF-20) 25.0 57.8 22.55 2565
1F - MEP1 - UPS Plant Room 4 (FF-19) 25.0 57.5 22.55 2550
Substation 1 Plant 30.0 1.8 22.95 77
Substation 2 Plant 30.0 1.9 23.4 82
Substation 1 30.0 5.5 43.68 125
Substation 2 30.0 7.0 43.12 162
0
0