TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

College of Industrial Technology

Electrical Engineering Technology Department

Academic Year 2022-2023

Semester 2

BET 3

Module No. 2 – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Student ID No. Section

Student’s Name Date of Submission

Date Submitted:

ASSESSMENT: NOTE:

Max. Marks For minor plagiarism:

Assessment
Marks Awarded
Timeliness 10   Both student who copied and student
Quality of Contents 50 who allowed another student to copy
 
his/her work will be given Zero Mark.
Grammar and
20
Mechanics  
References and
Supporting Evidence 20 For late submission:
(Attachments)
A deduction of 10 Marks / Day out of
Total 100 100 marks for late submission of
module activities will apply.
Lecturer Signature:

Janilyn D. Siy

BET 3 - Module 2 1 / 12
I. Aims/Objectives

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Recognize the importance of literature search and review in addressing a research problem.
2. Search for various literature related to your topic of interest.
3. Write a meaningful and substantial literature review.

II. Technical Information (Source: Leedy & Ormrod, 2015)

Reading the literature related to your research study can help you formulate your research
problem and tie it to a larger body of research and conceptual knowledge about your research topic.
Research proposals and reports usually have a section that discusses the conceptual and theoretical
underpinnings and research findings that are connected to your topic. Knowing this literature and
having an extensive review of this literature could benefit the researcher in various ways such as:
(a) It helps to determine if the topic/problem has been already addressed
(b) It can provide new ideas, perspective, and approaches which you may be aware of
(c) It can inform about other researchers who conduct researches on your topic of interest
that you may want to contact for advice or feedback
(d) It can highlight controversial issues or gaps that have not been addressed which you
could work on.
(e) It can reveal sources of data you may not be familiar with.
(f) It can help you make sense of your data and other findings.
(g) It can develop your confidence that your topic is worth studying considering other
researchers were also interested in it.

The more informed you are in terms of other researches and perspectives about your topic
of interest, the better you can address the research problem.
You can find literature related to your topic in various places and platforms-both printed
and online. You may start with identifying keywords of your topic which can lead to your potential
resources. However, there is a need to refine your keywords to be more directed and focused on
your literature search. Literature may include the library catalog, online databases, the internet, and
other researchers’ citations and reference lists.

III. Activity

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Summarize existing knowledge on your research topic/research problem (at least 10 sources). Fill
out the following information

TOPIC 1
Research Problem:

HOW TO CREATE A MOCKUP TESTER USING LOCAL BRANDS TO BE USED AS A TESTING

EQUIPMENT FOR ALTIMETER?

Tentative Title:
ALTIMETER MOCK UP TESTER

What are the What are the key Authors Type of

approaches/methodologies/technologies results or findings (Surname/s, Literature
used to study/address/solve your on your research year) (Journal,
research topic/problem? topic? patent,
books, etc)
USING SIMULATIONS
Using a computer simulation on checking The result of Ahmed Ahmed A., et Journal
the pitot-static system A., et al research is al.
they made a
computer program
with necessary
equipments to test
an altimeter as well
as other pitot-static
system instrument
specifically Airspeed
Indicator and
Vertical Speed
Indicator.
Using the technology of simulation in 3D Ellingson, J., et al Eilingson J, et Journal
Modeling of the air flow using ANSYS combined al.
while considering the airfoil shape that experiment had an
directly influence the Pitot-Static System efficient pitot-static
probe with less than
3 percent error that
made a less error to
a UAV Pitot-Static
System and
eliminated the
position error at 24
degree angle of

BET 3 - Module 2 3 / 12
 attack.
ADDITIONAL CALIBRATION TECHNIQUE
Using the GPS Ground Velocity Cho, A., et al. Cho, am. Et al. Journal
information in aiding the Pitot-Static to proposed using the
measure an accurate static pressure, or GPS ground velocity
airspeed and barometric altitude that in calibrating the
most Pitot-Static System had an error to. static pressure, or
airspeed and
barometric altitude
and applied it to the
commercial airdata
computer
IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING AND LABORATORY EQUIPMENT DEMONSTRATION
Stated the competency that an avionics The Civil Aviation CAAP PCAR
student must acquire. Authority of the
Philippines (CAAP)
require in PCAR Part
3 that an avionics
course will have a
150-hour Aircraft
Instrument System
teaching thus the
competency
required in the
“Install instruments
and perform a static
pressure system leak
test.” where an
altimeter is included
is in level 3 or it is
stated that,
“Instruction by
lecture,
demonstration,
discussion, and a
high degree of
practical
application.” Where
laboratory testing is
needed.
The method used is a qualitative one and The key findings of Miyuki t., et al Journal
proceeded with the factors that made the the research of
students unmotivated in learning with Miyuki, et al is they
focused in a particular set of students and concluded that
considered ethnicity in the selection of efficient learning
participants. process and
demonstration is
needed for better
understanding of
laboratory
equipment or
process thus the lack

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 of it may hinder the
learning of the
students.

A. Answer the following questions. Note that there should be a tight link between what you
presented above and your answers to the questions.

1. What are the gaps, weaknesses, or issues emerging across past studies concerning
the problem/s being addressed?
 The gaps that I can assume with the references I had is most of it is directed
and applied commercially just like what Cho, A. et al(2012) where they use
the GPS Ground velocity to aid the error made in Pito-Static System in
measuring the accurate static pressure, or airspeed and barometric altitude.
Might as well, using simulation in conducting or figuring out an
error(Eilingson J, et al., 2014).
2. What are the recommendations for future research?
 In the laboratory equipment itself, the mockup tester, Ahmed, A. et al(2015)
suggest that further researcher must used an automatic pressure vacuum
pump instead of manual one.
3. Based on your answers to items 1 and 2, describe your proposed topic in terms of
addressing the issues, gaps, weaknesses or recommendations cited.
 According to Miyuki, et al.(2019), the laboratory equipment must be utilized
and lack of it can make learning competency unachievable. Avionics
students are in need of a high degree of practical application in Aircraft
Instrument System(CAAP, 2020) where altimeter is included thus making
sure that competencies are met using the mockup tester of one. With the
recommendations of Ahmed, A. et al(2015) where automatic pressure
vacuum pump can be used to makle a more efficient tester of pitot-static
system and make a more wide array of testing.

TOPIC 2

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 Research Problem:
How does the cow manure from the cow trade market be able to use as a fertilizer
for backyard farmers of the residents in the Municipality of Padre Garcia?

Tentative Title:
SMALL SCALE DRY COW MANURE FERTILIZER MACHINE

What are the What are the key Authors Type of

approaches/methodologies/technologie results or findings (Surname/s, year) Literature
s used to study/address/solve your on your research (Journal,
research topic/problem? topic? patent,
books,
etc)
EFFECT OF COW MANURE FERTILIZER
Engineered waste Management by According to Safferman S., et Journal
ultrafiltration and Air Stripping to produce Safferman, S., et al al.
clean water and fertilizer from cow the Cow manure is
manures. a waste but
because of
engineering and
technology today,
we manage to
make it a useable
fertilizer to help
crops grow and also
conserve
biodiversity. With
the use of
engineering
technology, green
house gases are
reduced,
biodiversity is
restored, and
manure is
converted into a
waste into a useful
resources where
clean water and
fertilizer is
extracted from it.
Used organic fertilizer for growth of most Farmyard manures H. J. Finch, et. Al. Book
of the food-producing plants are important to
crops and as a

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 fertilizer because of
the organic matter
it contains. It the
improves the
friability, the
structural stability
and as well as the
water-holding
capacity of the soil
which is a great
benefit to the
backyard farmers
with poor soil to
plant their crops
with. The manure
also gives food to
plants where
nitrogen,
phosphate, potash ,
and other elements
are present and
helps for the
growth of the
plants as well as
making the soil
richer with
nutrients and the
absorption of it.
REPLACING SYNTHETIC FERTILIZER TO ORGANIC ONE
Survey of farmers in replacing synthetic As Zhang, T., et al. Zhang, T., et al. Journal
fertilizer into animal manure and the study showed that
market exchange and pricing. replacing the
synthetic fertilizer
into an organic one
or an animal
manure helps
farmers to cut cost
and survey founds
that 58% uses
manure as fertilizer
than synthetic one.
Also, the barriers
about using cow
manure have
negative impact on
its use. Seminars
and strategic
planning to break
down these
barriers is
suggested to
improve the
knowledge of

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 farmers as well as
change their
negative attitude
on using manure
instead of synthetic
one.
PATENTS
Used fermentation of cow dung to The patent is Patent
produce fertilizer. This machine is also specialize in WUXI WENXIN
mobilized so it can fermenting the cow FARMING CO LTD
dung and granulate
it after. It is also a
good machine
where it is
mobilized and be
able to move
around to collect
cow dung that will
be place in the
stool collection bin
and apply it directly
to the crops
through the outlet
of the machine.
This is also a great
way on producing
cow dung fertilizer
but the idea of
having it as a
mobilized one is
one way to include
in the machine that
will be created.
Nusang company produced a small scale The patent CUOJIAWANGMU Patent
cow manure extractor where they made a comprises a ; NUSANG
big machine used by the factories to a machine with a
compact one and be used in a household shell body, a
squeezing device,
and 2 roller blades
where you can
extract the fertilizer
right after. Thhis is
only a small scale
and suitable for
household.
Used a step-by-step process on making A machine that can Patent
cow dung more effective as fertilizer produce a fertilizer WU RUI
straight to a bag
after the process of
making it more
effective
A machine where it produces Dry cow The said patent is EPO Patent

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 dung powder as an organic fertilizer one key feature in
my research where
I
proposed/theoried
to make it smaller
so that it cost less
but still have the
same outcome

B. Answer the following questions. Note that there should be a tight link between what you
presented above and your answers to the questions.

1. What are the gaps, weaknesses or issues emerging across past studies in relation to
the problem/s being addressed?
 The Gaps and weaknesses that I noticed are all of them does not have an automatic
system where you can control the amount of fertilizer to be extracted. This method
where you can use the digital tecniques to control the production of the cow dung
you produced.
2. What are the recommendations for future research?
 The recommendations are be able to produce a more efficient machine for cow
dung powdering and better grinder.
3. Based on your answers to items 1 to 3, describe your proposed topic in terms of
addressing the issues, gaps, weaknesses or recommendations cited.
 The machine that I proposed in my research topic is the combination of the two
machines that I consider in making a cow dung fertilizer. From it, a smaller scale
fertilizer machine can be mobilized and can acquire more cow dung in the trading
market and may produce even more fertilizers for the beneficiary which is the
backyard farmers of Padre Garcia. Also, being able to digitalized the machine itself
where you can control the amount you can produce and also a timer to give more
time for the user for another acivity.
TOPIC 3
Research Problem:
HOW TO CREATE A MINIATURE WEATHER RADAR AS A LABORATORY EQUIPMENT AND
INSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR AVT 3122 RADAR PRINCIPLE AND TECHNIQUE OF BACHELORS OF
SCIENCE IN AVIATION ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS?

Tentative Title:

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Miniature Weather Radar

What are the What are the key Authors Type of

approaches/methodologies/technologie results or findings on (Surname/s, Literature
s used to study/address/solve your your research topic? year) (Journal,
research topic/problem? patent,
books, etc)
Innovation of Weather radars
Replaced the multistatic radar to a newer Bryd, A, et al develop Bryd, A., et al. Journal
one with certain enhancement where a passive weather
they made it possible to become a passive radar which had the
one transmitter and
receivers that were
fully cooperative,
synchronized using a
combination of GPS-
disciplined oscillators
and direct
communications.
This system replaces
the multistatic radar
where a software
synchronized the
data with any in-
band transmitter
using a direct path
signal.
Used an airbourne weather surveillance Labun, J., et al Labun, J., et al Journal
radar for better air transport safety proposed a better air
transport safety in
regards with weather
using a weather
surveillance radar.
The data shows that
having a real time
surveillance of
weather per location
will relatively lessen
the accidents caused
by the weather but it
also shows that this
will cost a lot and the
weather radar in the
aircraft will have
limited use.
Used first phased array radar dedicated to Yeary, M., et al Yeary, M., et al Journal
weather observation. upgraded the

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 conventional
National Weather
Radar
Testbed(NWRT) into
8- simultaneous
digital receiver
where it enable the
use of advanced
signal processing to
improve
signal/clutter in an
adaptive mode
Used a systematic weather radar From the conference Tumbull, D., Conference
designation to ensure safe and reliable of FAA or Federal FAA
weather information Aviation Regulation
where they
established 3
ground-based
weather radar which
is erminal Doppler
weather radar
(TDWR), weather
system processor
(WSP), and e next
generation weather
radar (NEXRAD). This
projects had been a
success and used
today by the aviation
community.
Uses double polarization for small- Wong, Z, et al Wong, Z., et al Journal
medium scale weather radars proposed a double
polarization weather
radar to have
improved distance,
azimuth, radar
quality control,
reflectivity, and
tracking design in
small scale dual
polarization weather
radar.
A simulation where random weather had The data from this Zhe Li, S., et al Journal
been executed to evaluate phased radars research might help
data quality in customizing
antenna design and
improved the data
quality of a phased
array Weather radar.
Usage of module in teaching radar
Used a module where it focuses on the Chilson, P., et al Chilson, P., Journal
topic of Weather radar develop a learning Yeary, M.

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 module that
immerse the
students in learning
the applications of
Weather radar. This
includes examples of
datas from digital
weather radars and
also multimillion
weather radar itself.
This module have
comprehensive
discussion and easy
to understand even if
you are a novice
student.

C. Answer the following questions. Note that there should be a tight link between what you
presented above and your answers to the questions.

1. What are the gaps, weaknesses or issues emerging across past studies in relation to
the problem/s being addressed?
 There are gaps is the efficient used of weather radars as well as there should
be improved detection where tornadoes and other weather related disaster
can be reduced even more. The studies also reveals that having another
weather radar cost a lot of money and funding is already a problem.
2. What are the recommendations for future research?
 The recommendations are optimized non linear frequency modulation
waveform, Improved RF models, more weather radar data for improved
accuracy, and lastly, a better antenna.
3. Based on your answers to items 1 to 3, describe your proposed topic in terms of
addressing the issues, gaps, weaknesses or recommendations cited.
 With the researches, the module is the only helpful resource where it
discusses relatively with immense research and datas. The actual weather
radar will cost a lot of money to begin with because components not only
already hard to search for but also requires a huge cost of money.
Note: Include clippings and other attachments

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