Open-Ended Lab

FAULT CURRENT ANALYSIS OF GULF SUGAR MILLS

Name: Roll No:

Score: Signature of the Lab Tutor: Date:

TO OBSERVE THE THREE-PHASE FAULT CURRENT ON THE POWER SYSTEM

OF GULF SUGAR MILLS LIMITED AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS.

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE
Upon successful completion of this experiment, the student will be able to:
 Simulate a three-phase short circuit fault.
 Examine the waveforms of the fault.
 Select the proper ratings of the circuit breaker for the fault.

EQUIPMENTS:

 MATLAB SIMULINK 2016 A or higher.

DISCUSSION:
A fault indicates abnormal conditions in the circuit in which energy is being dissipated in an
unwanted manner it may be due to an abnormal condition. The fault is an undesirable change
that disturbs the balance condition of the system. Most of the power systems lead to a short
circuit condition it is the failure of insulation which is the material between high voltage and low
voltage to avoid the unexpected flow of current.

Most of the Symmetrical Faults on 3 Phase System on the power system lead to a short-circuit
condition. When such a condition occurs, a heavy current (called short circuit current) flows
through the equipment, causing considerable damage to the equipment and interruption of
service to the consumers. A three-phase fault on the system occurs when all the three phases
short together. The current and voltage remain balanced if the system is balanced. It is the most
severe type of fault because in this case the highest amount of current flow through the
conductors.

So, in order to protect the system from such a fault, we must design a protection scheme. This is
the reason; this analysis has been done by us to select proper ratings of the circuit breaker to
isolate the system as quick as possible.
SIMULINK MODEL:
ANALYSIS OF THREE-PHASE FAULT AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

THREE-PHASE FAULT NEAR GENERATOR SIDE

RESULT:
LINE TO GROUND FAULT NEAR GENERATOR SIDE

RESULT:
THREE-PHASE FAULT NEAR TRANSFORMER
CONCLUSION
We have analysed three-phase faults at different locations and we have found that the maximum
three-phase fault current is near the generator side.
From the simulations and observations, it can be concluded that the highest magnitude of current
that can flow through the lines during the fault is during the first few cycles. Therefore, one
should select the ratings of a circuit breaker accordingly so that the circuit breaker can handle
that amount of current, and trip during those cycles to protect equipment from the damage that
the fault current could do.