100 Essay Final

DEEP SIR
100 Essay Topic
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MILESTONE - DEEP SIR +91 8156-000-345 100 ESSAY TOPIC
1. Nowadays, people care about their appearance more than before. Do
you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Because, nowadays, the personality and image of a person is mostly perceived by
their looks and appearance, whereas earlier people were more concerned about
values and behaviour (ethics, morality, honesty etc.)
• Availability of cosme?cs and beauty products has made people more informed and
interested in fashion
• Now that we have social media where people like, comment and basically judge
other people it, has become a compe??on to look aBrac?ve
• Fashion has not just been confined to daily life, it has found its way in workplaces
as well especially those related to customer interac?on (e.g. salesman, air hostess)
to aBract the aBen?on of people
MILESTONE ACADEMY-DEEP SIR MILESTONE ACADEMY DEEP-SIR
2. Shopping has become a favourite pasCme among young people. Why
do you think it is like that? Do you think they must be encouraged to do
other things rather than shopping?
QUESTION 1
• Increasing job opportuni?es among youth and increased spending power - youth
has disposable income to spend on shopping
• People are geRng influenced by peer groups and friends who oTen go out for
shopping and end up developing a habit
• Shopping is more economical compared to other leisure ac?vi?es like- travelling
and photography, travelling needs lots of money (accommoda?on, food cost,
travel cost), and also fulfils needs.
• Shopping(online) can be done from anywhere and at any ?me- easy and
comfortable. Does not require any planning and no hindrance due to poor
weather- never gets spoilt (some ac?vi?es like sports need proper weather, and
many equipments, shopping can be done online)- all ?me favourite pas?me
ac?vity
• The youth, nowadays, have good taste of western culture and shopping sa?sfies
this taste (malls/ online shopping with all interna?onal brands/ products across
the globe)
QUESTION 2
• It affects their savings and wastes ?me which can be invested in other ac?vi?es
(reading, watching news or any sport ac?vity – develops knowledge and improves
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life skills)- Shopping plays no role in their development as it doesn’t involve any
task which can improve any skill
• Many young people end up being indebted by buying unwanted things, instead
they should be encouraged to take interest in money management and savings-
good habits)
• Instead, they can be mo?vated to spend the same money for charity, helping
needy and underprivileged (it ignites sense of responsibility towards society,
makes them caring, mature, responsible and contribu?ng members of society)
(money wasted on shopping can save lives)
• Online/mall shopping doesn’t require much physical movement- sedentary-
unhealthy, instead encouraged to play outdoor sports - good for mental health
and physical fitness
3. Nowadays, some people sCll prefer to ride bicycles. To what extent
this will help us in today’s life?
• Environment friendly (doesn’t emit toxic gases in air)
• Solves problems like traffic, parking and accidents (light weight, small structure,
low speed)
• Health can be maintained or improved especially for people suffering from
obesity
• Helps in fuel conserva?on (requires no amount of fuel, in ?mes when we are
running out of scarce fossil fuel)
• Easy to maintain (cost-effec?ve) (not much to do apart from checking oil and air
pressure), affordable, saves transporta?on cost for people
4. People’s character is influenced by the environment rather than
geneCcs. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Characteris?cs of people are influenced by the kind of people they surround
themselves with like peers, friends and colleagues because of spending lots of
?me (opinions on caste, religion, race etc./ posi?ve or nega?ve approach towards
life)
• The place where they live also plays role in developing mannerism (observing and
adop?ng other people’s behaviour mostly without being aware of it) (best example
is difference in mannerism and behaviour of people in ci?es and villages)
• The kind of informa?on they consume also shapes their personality like media and
news which defers from place to place
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DISAGREE
• People do inherit some traits from their parents like habits, preferences and
behaviour (if parents are not social (introvert), in most of the cases children turn
out to be the same)
5. People follow interests and have hobbies (e.g. collecCng or making
things). Do you think it is pointless? What can people learn from
hobbies?
QUESTION 1
• No, it helps them release stress and shiTs their mind for some ?me to something
they enjoy (stress buster and rejuvenates)
• Hobbies play integral role in overall development of an individual as ‘all work no
play makes Jack a dull boy’
• Can provide an alterna?ve to career in technical field, if a person doesn’t succeed
in job (painter, handicraT, ar?st etc.)
• YES, it is sheer waste of ?me and energy, instead, ?me can be u?lised for more
frui_ul ac?vi?es like reading, gym, cycling, dancing, or singing – good for mental as
well as physical health- improves beBer skills
QUESTION 2
• People can learn a great deal of skills by pursuing their hobbies depending on the
type of hobby for example a hobby like pain?ng can develop imagina?on in a
person (decision making and confidence)
• Time management- how to balance between studies/job and hobbies/interest
6. Wild animals have no place in the 21st century and trying to preserve
these animals is waste of resources. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?
DISAGREE
• Preserving wild animals and their natural habitat can help in tourism as they
aBract lots of tourists (zoos and sanctuary) (helps in economy)
• If we do so, it will send a wrong message to the upcoming genera?on who will not
have a chance to experience its beauty
• Human survival depends on the existence of these animals and their habitats
(maintains the balance of ecosystem and biodiversity)
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• These wild species can give us knowledge and help in discovering medicines (like
snake venom)
AGREE
• Demand of land is increasing due to popula?on growth, and the more land is
occupied by the wild the less it is for humans to survive (land can be used for
agriculture/residence/industries)
• Humans share already scarce resources with animals so beBer if all can be u?lised
for human survival (food, forests and fresh water)
7. EducaCon is someCmes considered as something for the youth only.
Some people, however, consider it as a lifelong task. What is your
opinion? Give reasons and support your ideas with specific supports.
LIFELONG TASK
• Learning and acquiring knowledge are constant processes and people learn
something new every day (books/experience/research) for the whole life- a
scien?st for example
• As technology advances, people must keep learning and be updated with it
(Example – a soTware developer must keep upda?ng or learning new soTware
and technology/development daily un?l the last day of the job)
• Many aged/middle-aged pursue Management and Interna?onal Business courses
to manage and expand their businesses at global level (age is no bar), though they
already possess degrees in their respec?ve fields
• Educa?on has no end to it

- School educa?on
- College educa?on
- Family educa?on
- Social educa?on
- Financial educa?on
- Corporate educa?on
- Technological educa?on and we need them all to survive and compete in today’s
cut-throat compe??on ------ it is a never ending process.
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8. Some people argue that it is best to accept a bad situaCon, such as an
unsaCsfactory job or shortage of money. Others believe that it is be\er
to try and improve such situaCons. Discuss both the views and give your
own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• For people who do not possess good skills or are under qualified, accep?ng an
unsa?sfactory job is probably the only op?on to survive
• Also some?mes trying for a beBer change can worsen the situa?on (leaving a job
for a beBer op?on and then not finding one can put a person in financial
jeopardy).
• Some are sa?sfied in just accep?ng and finding happiness in whatever they have
rather than stressing about what they don’t
• Some are socially, financially and intellectually so underprivileged that they have
no opportuni?es in their life so accep?ng an unfavourable or painful circumstance
is the only op?on leT in despair.
2ND VIEW
• They believe in never give up aRtude which help lots of people in achieving
success (Cris?ano Ronaldo)
• By trying to improve situa?ons, people encounter failures which build character
(by trying again and again and having to solve problems encountered during
failures, adversi?es make them learn and develop)
• It is oTen observed that people having many restric?ons, when try to improve,
achieve a lot more than they intended to (they don’t have anything to lose)- it is
always beBer to try and fail than being a failure all the ?me.
9. Some people think that formal educaCon should start for children as
early as possible, while others think that it should not start unCl 7 years
of age. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Children star?ng to learn early will have an edge over other students star?ng aTer
7 years of age
• (U?lity of ?me which would otherwise be wasted while achieving nothing) It will
give more ?me to perfect the skills and opportunity to explore natural talents
(quick calcula?ons/mul?lingual at a young age)
• (Grasping power/natural learners) Also, people think that grasping power of
children should not be wasted during the first seven years
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2ND VIEW
• It will give more ?me to learn things at home with parents (manners/e?queBes/
ethics/honesty)
• Also helps in figuring out interests and developing good hobbies (reading, dancing
and singing)
• Can enjoy childhood and spend quality ?me with grandparents who can teach
them important values
• Fragile, naive and innocent minds- should not be burdened with educa?on at such
tender age ( they have the whole life to study, and once studies start, there is no
end to it-let them enjoy their childhood in true sense)- explore the great outdoors,
enjoy the nature, engage in physical ac?vi?es, learn and connect to our couture
and tradi?on, connect to people in the society etc....
10. Young people are leaving their homes from rural areas to study or
work in ciCes. What are the reasons? Do advantages of this development
outweigh its disadvantages?
REASONS
• Countless employment opportuni?es are provided in ci?es (because of having a
more number of lucra?ve businesses, shopping malls, industrial areas,
mul?na?onal companies, jobs in transporta?on sector (taxies and cabs like Ola
and Uber))(beBer pay/wide range of jobs)
• Reputed as well as technologically advanced educa?onal ins?tutes and universi?es
are mostly located in ci?es (pragma?c approach of teaching, preparing for jobs or
business) (highly qualified tutors)
• Transporta?on facili?es are beBer to travel to workplace or college/school
(frequency is beBer), saves ?me and money which can be invested in other frui_ul
ac?vi?es like socialising
DISADVANTAGES
• Popula?on increase in ci?es would invite numerous problems (pollu?on, traffic
and more compe??on means less opportuni?es for residents)
• More migra?on will lead to less skilled workers for farming in rural area which
would create the problem of not mee?ng the demand of food supply
• Forests will have to be cut (land clearances) for the expansion of ci?es (due to
overpopula?on) which would create more problems(less oxygen and loss of
habitat of wild animals)
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11. Some people argue that arts, such as painCngs and music, are a
waste of money, and the government should spend this money on other
public services. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this
statement?
AGREE
• Public services are very essen?al and determine the quality of life (hospitals,
schools and transporta?on)
• People living below poverty line are dependent on these services for survival (like
public transport and government hospitals) (no benefit of promo?ng art when
people starve to death)
DISAGREE
• Music can provide relaxa?on and preserve culture and tradi?on in the form of folk
songs
• Art pieces (pain?ngs and sculptures) can reveal a lot about history, and museums
showcasing these can become a tourist aBrac?on (economy)
• Films focusing on social issues and taboos can be a great medium for government
to bring changes in society (films like Pad man and Toilet)
12. Nowadays, it is common for people to get married and have children
in their thirCes rather than when they are younger. Do you agree or
disagree that this trend will benefit society?
AGREE
• Maturity and experiences are needed when choosing a companion (by the ?me
they hit thirty they would have gained these)- less divorce rates, successful
marriage life- posi?ve message to the society.
• Most of the people in their thir?es would have become financially stable and,
therefore, would be able to provide beBer educa?on and upbringing to their
children- couples and their children become contribu?ng, efficient and produc?ve
members of society.
• Maturity also helps in handling tantrums of children pa?ently and wisely- (beBer
paren?ng), building stronger future of the na?on (children are future of the
na?on)
DISAGREE
• Having children in thir?es would create a possibility of genera?on gap between
parents and children (can result in misunderstanding and family conflicts)-
nega?ve message to the society
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• Medically, females may face a lot of complica?ons in pregnancy post 30, gradual
loss of fer?lity aTer 30 – double the chances of miscarriage than under 30, as per a
study – infant mortality rate in society may suffer
13. Demand for gas and oil is increasing, and so finding new sources in
remote and untouched areas is a necessity. Do the advantages of this
outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Digging new oil wells and building power plants in such area can solve the problem
immediately (because of massive poten?al)
• Can create employment as these plants have to be run by skilled (in opera?ng
machinery) as well as unskilled labour
• Country can prosper economically as petroleum products hold a great value (Saudi
Arabia)
DISADVANTAGES
• Extensive exploita?on of environment can end up jeopardising habitat of certain
animals and species of plants and ruin beau?ful landscapes
• If sources are found beneath fer?le farmlands, all produc?ve land foes in vain and
becomes redundant for farming purposes (this land is taken over by the Govt. and
used for excava?on)
• Most of the oil is transported by the ship which carries huge risk of spillage in
ocean (can affect marine species)
• No surety of finding enough amount and can even result in huge financial losses
(power plants cost a lot and wages of labour is also high)
14. It is common nowadays for each member of the family to have their
own piece of modern technology. Some people think this will lead to a
break down in family relaConships and communicaCon. To What extent
do you agree?
AGREE
• Amount of ?me spent online on games and social media has reduced family
interac?on despite living under one roof
• Youth tends to get addicted to these games and when is stopped behaves rudely
crea?ng tension in family
• Not giving enough ?me on mee?ng people in person and s?cking to the laptop/
mobile screen makes them lack in communica?on skill
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DISAGREE
• Enables people to maintain rela?onship and express themselves regardless of
geographical distance (through video calling (Skype) - when family member is
living abroad)
• Family members play mul?-player games on their respec?ve devices with other
members (more fun and excitement than boring chats and gossips) – strengthens
the bond
• Family members can stay in touch with one another while not at home and can
extend a help immediately in case of emergencies - makes them feel close to one
another all the ?me
• Provides pla_orm for sharing thoughts, pictures and gives chance to connect with
so many other people which improves communica?on (apps like Instagram and
Facebook)
15. Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be
enjoyable. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Challenging hobbies can give sa?sfac?on and sense of achievement (hobbies like
bungee jumping or any water sport)
• Hobbies, like photography which takes ?me to learn (edi?ng, angles and ligh?ng),
give immense pleasure once we eventually learn it
• Difficult hobbies would make people push their limits and experience and learn
new things which can be helpful in life (trekking (how to survive in extreme
condi?on and on higher al?tude)
DISAGREE
• Hobbies need be according to interest and likings not based on difficulty to be
enjoyable (collec?ng things or watching movies)
• Rather than being difficult, it should be enlightening so that it can help in
development (like reading books)
16. Some people believe that money is the best gib for teenagers while
others disagree. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Teenagers’ preferences change very quickly and, therefore, giving money instead
of giTs can be helpful for them to spend on their interests
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• Money can be vital help in buying educa?onal aids like some laboratory
equipments, or material or instruments for research or experiment – can be very
helpful in educa?on
• Can help in keeping them away from crimes (most teenagers commit crime (pick
pocke?ng) for gaining money) to sa?sfy their tempta?on of enjoying adult phase
of line – shopping, movies, fast food, travelling
• Having money can make them manage and control expenses (saving for valuable
things (a technological gadget or a trip with friends))
2ND VIEW
• Giving them money can also mean invi?ng addic?ons (drugs, alcohol and
smoking), and lack of maturity can lead them towards dangerous habits (gambling)
• Other giTs help in gaining knowledge or learning skills (books or musical
instrument) can be a much beBer op?on (develops versa?lity and makes more
crea?ve)
• An entry pass to a mo?va?onal programme or youth development programme can
be life changing for a youth (helps discover hidden talent, ignites passion, helps set
a dream/career path and develops maturity)
17. Some people say it is a good idea for all employees to wear a
uniform at work. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Can make a business look more professional and establish a company’s iden?ty
(employees wearing uniforms (brand name, color or slogan) can easily be
recognized) for example delivery services like Zomato or famous outlets like
Dominos or MacDonald’s
• Can help to bring equality and sense of belonging (employees would be
appreciated based on performance, skill and capabili?es rather than looks)
• In workplaces like hospitals, uniforms can help to iden?fy role of an employee
(doctor, nurse and suppor?ve staff) or, in places like malls, to dis?nguish between
customers and employees (to avoid confusion/ role ambiguity while approaching a
staff member)
DISAGREE
• Employees may become bored or frustrated because of wearing same clothes
every single day (restric?ons on their appearance)- finds nothing appealing –
reduces enthusiasm
• Does not play any direct role in person’s produc?vity (person working in a closed
cubicle would work the same way in any clothes)
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• Some employees may not find themselves comfortable in certain clothing (air
hostess, security personnel and customer rela?onship officer who are found in
skinny/?ght clothes)- affects work performance
18. Some people think that space exploraCon is a waste of resources,
while others think that it is essenCal for mankind to conCnue to explore
the universe in which we live. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
1ST SIDE
• We live in a world where half of the popula?on is deprived of the basic needs
(food and shelter) and valuable resources (money and manpower) should instead
be used in mee?ng their demands than space explora?on
• Major problems (pollu?on and climate change) which are posing direct threat on
human survival need to be priori?sed and allocated more resources to deal with
• Aliens if confronted- could be more aggressive- could be a threat to our existence
– unpredictable – instead beBer to solve exis?ng problem than rising them
2ND SIDE
• Deple?on of resources and increase in the popula?on are forcing us to look for
other alterna?ves of Earth as a habitat (possibili?es of finding suitable
environment for human civilisa?on to survive in outer space)
• For being aware about and prepare for the poten?al threats (strike of asteroids
(known to be the reason of ex?nc?on of dinosaurs) and other yet unknown
threats)
• The only way of gaining knowledge about existence and forma?on of everything
from planets to galaxies- could help understand complexi?es associated with
natural phenomenon and calami?es
• Aliens if found could be older and wiser civilisa?on- could help us survive
challenges like nuclear threats, overpopula?on and unforeseen universal
challenges
19. Some people believe that aber a child enters school; their teachers
will have more influence than their parents. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• As aTer geRng enrolled in school a significant amount of ?me is spent in school
with teachers (the more ?me we spend with someone, the more we get
influenced by them)
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• Teachers (having years of experience and having dealt with all the kind of student)
know how to influence children- professional training of teachers about how to
tackle/ deal with children- psychological impact (not all parents can do this)
• Children oTen make teachers their idol and follow footsteps (by geRng impressed
from their knowledge and personality) (adopt behaviour and e?queBes)
• Indian culture- teachers are most respected living beings on the earth- their orders
are unobjec?onable and beyond scru?ny- students follow them blindly and tend to
listen to their instruc?ons (more than parents)
DISAGREE
• To get influenced by someone, children need affec?on which is not possible for a
teacher to give since there are too many at school – get personal aBen?on of
parents- emo?onally more connected to parents (unlike schools)
• Parents are the first one children come in contact with, and constant interac?on
develop natural in?macy during first few years, making it difficult for them to be
influenced by someone else
• Parents fulfil children’s demand: visi?ng parks and amusement parks, visi?ng an
ice-cream shop, playing indoor and outdoor games, aBending social func?ons and
celebra?ons with their children dressed like angels – these ac?vi?es make them
closest to parents and make them follow what they say.
(Not possible for teacher to do so)
• A lot of children don’t like schools and teachers due to strict disciplinary rules and
a lot of educa?onal burden- they get detached from teachers, and parents
con?nue to influence them more
20. OverpopulaCon of urban areas has led to numerous problems. What
are the problems faced by urban people due to overpopulaCon? Suggest
ways by which governments and individuals can tackle these problems.
PROBLEMS
• More popula?on results into a greater number of vehicles on road crea?ng
massive traffic conges?on- increased travel ?me (also increases road accidents)
• Applicants are huge in numbers compared with the availability of jobs (increase in
unemployment ra?o) further results into increase in crime ra?o as well (no op?on
but commiRng crime to meet daily needs)
• Huge number of air condi?oners (CFC), vehicles on road and other equipment
(refrigerators) has degraded the air quality making it almost impossible for anyone
to survive without catching any disease (Asthma, lung cancer and other respiratory
illnesses)
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• Overcrowded and congested residen?al areas- houses crowded closely together-
unfavourable living condi?ons- unhygienic- a lot of waste is generated
SOLUTIONS
• Traffic and all other related problems can be solved by firstly providing beBer
public transport (beBer frequency and adequate facili?es) and then promo?ng use
of public transport (concessional rates or giving affordable passes on daily travel)
to u?lise it
• Individual can try to become self employed rather than being dependent on
government (small scale businesses, online start-ups), and government can
promote this by giving financial help and providing raw materials at subsidised rate
• To curb or let’s say compensate the air pollu?on, people can be encouraged to
take part in programs like tree planta?on organised by government, minimise use
of equipment that emit CFC
• Proper town planning (Urban development authority)- ver?cal development-
skyscrapers and high rise residen?al apartments- proper waste collec?on and
disposal methods
21. In the past, lectures were used as a way of teaching large numbers of
students, but now with the development of technology for educaCon,
many people think there is no jusCficaCon for a\ending lectures. To
what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
AGREE
• Availability of technological gadgets (laptops and mobile phones) and soTware
(like zoom for online lectures) has made educa?on accessible from home without
any compromises in quality of educa?on (facili?es like annota?on, screen share,
audio-visual interac?on means it is just like a classroom if not beBer)
• Saves travelling ?me for students as well as teachers (especially those commu?ng
from faraway places) which can be u?lized in covering more topics
• Classroom lectures do not provide flexibility as online educa?on where it is
possible for students to study with convenience (can go through recorded lectures
at any ?me), and, as these lecture can be saved, there is basically no need of
was?ng ?me in wri?ng down what is on the whiteboard
• In applica?ons like BYJU’S, students can always find rooms/sessions of their
interested topics and can also find other students having same interests and
involve in discussion rather than aBending conven?onal lectures
• 24*7/ round the clock virtual support and doubt solving sessions through qualified
teachers and auto generated answers- beBer than classrooms
DISAGREE
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• Classrooms provide suitable environment to students which is most important
because, in physical presence of teachers, students tend to be disciplined, focused
and concentrate more on studies
• Also, at home, students have so much liberty (nobody is there to watch while they
study) which can distract them from studies (while learning from laptop they
might start using social media or playing games)
• In classrooms, a student interacts with other classmates (have a chance to discuss
queries before confron?ng tutor) which can help them become beBer in
communica?on- encourages debate and brain storming sessions
22. Some people think that public libraries are not necessary, whereas
others believe that they are essenCal for people. Discuss both the views
and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Most people have internet access where they can find e-books wriBen by authors
across the globe which are yet to be available in public libraries- updated e-books
covering wide range of topics
• Websites like Wikipedia give informa?on on wide variety of topics making it easier
for people to gain knowledge without having to go to libraries
• Instead of looking for books and was?ng ?me in libraries, one can easily find that
by just typing the name of a book or material on internet
• Maintenance of public library costs a lot and its u?lity is almost none in this
modern world- dead investment
2ND VIEW
• Informa?on and books are more reliable /trustworthy in libraries (many self-
proclaimed experts upload informa?on on internet which is not authen?cated /
accurate)
• Provide quiet and silent ambience for students to concentrate on their work
(assignment and disserta?on)- suitable reading atmosphere- tranquility
• Students coming from poor background cannot afford to buy every single book
they need neither do they have enough money for laptop/ large screen phone and
internet connec?on so for them public libraries become the much-needed service
(borrow books)
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23. One of the prime Cmes for adverCsing on TV is when children get
back from school. Some people think that adverCsements aimed at
children should not be allowed. What is your opinion?
AGREE
• These adverts (starring their favourite actors, giving free toys inside packaging or
showing more fantasy than facts) persuade/brainwash/tempt children into forcing
their parents to buy these products which most of the ?me is unhealthy food
products (packaged food/fast food/ frozen food items) (main reason for obesity
and poor health among children)
• Also, some of these ads involve actors doing dangerous stunts which children
might aBempt or imitate at home and can end up hur?ng themselves
• Allowing such adver?sement is like allowing manufacturers to play and persuade
naïve minds of children to run their businesses – a cunning trick – immoral
DISAGREE
• Not every advert aiming children is detrimental. We watch many ads nowadays
promo?ng good habits along with their products (ads of hygiene products like –
hand wash)
• Instead of banning the ads (which would make it difficult for companies (especially
new ones) to sell their products), why not teach children how to dis?nguish
between what is good for them and what is not (nagging children are a result of
bad paren?ng)
• It is legi?mate for companies to use such marke?ng tac?cs and make profit-
cannot be banned on legal grounds
24. Does the educaConal success of a person depend on the teacher or
the aftude of the student?
TEACHER
• Constant guidance of teacher is very much needed for students to succeed
(effec?ve techniques and ?ps given by teacher (because of experience) can help
student score good
• Educa?onal success also depends on the choices one makes during school/college
(what subjects/field to choose) that is where teachers can play an important role
(can give proper sugges?on considering student’s strengths and weaknesses)
• A good teacher has an ability to plant the seeds of curiosity which is one of the
crucial aBributes for achieving success (a curious student would always ask
ques?ons and be ready for learning something new)
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ATTITUDE
• The most important thing that maBers to excel in studies is how much willing and
serious a student is (nothing is interes?ng if you are not interested)
• We read and watch interviews of students every single day (from poor
backgrounds) achieving success without any teacher or support from family
members just by sheer perseverance and dedica?on
• Grasping power differs from student to student- single teacher teaches the class,
yet results are different- depends on child’s ability to learn
25. Nowadays, internaConal tourism is the biggest industry in the world.
Unfortunately, internaConal tourism creates tension rather than
understanding between people from different cultures. To what extent
do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
AGREE
• People while travelling tend to form a percep?on about a community or even a
na?on just based on the people they encountered with (for example a traveler to
India might meet a foul-mouthed person and conclude that Indians are rude)
• Visitors may mistakenly act contrary to local norms like a foreign visitor might end
up offending (leading to conflicts and misunderstandings) an Indian by entering a
temple with shoes or alcohol in bag or wearing short clothes which for them is
normal
DISAGREE
• When people travel to foreign countries, they learn about their culture and way of
life (when they are informed the reasons behind tradi?ons, it creates
understanding)
• Many visitors try to blend in with local people and enjoy their cuisines and style of
dressing and, also, give informa?on about their culture which brings both the
cultures closer
• Exchange of exper?se and good habits between people from different countries
and cultures- develops trusts and unity
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26. Fossil fuels (e.g. coal, oil and gas) are the main sources of energy for
most countries. However, alternaCve sources of energy (e.g. wind and
solar) have been encouraged to be used by some countries. To what
extent is this posiCve or negaCve development?
POSITIVE
• Promo?ng other environmentally friendly alterna?ves (hydroelectric, wind, solar
etc.) would help in preserving environment- non-pollutant in nature. Fossil fuels
which are in finite amount (burning of fossil fuels is the main reason for pollu?on
(degrades air quality and increases the amount of greenhouse gases especially
CO2)
• More use of alterna?ve resources leads us to a healthier life (air pollu?on is a
major cause of breathing problems -asthma and respiratory diseases)
• Available in abundance and everlas?ng/inexhaus?ble- we can never run out of
them
• Compared with fossil fuel technologies which are typically mechanised, the
renewable energy industry is more labor intensive (solar panels need humans to
install them; wind farms need technicians for maintenance) which means more
employment opportuni?es
• Water, wind and sun rays will always be available free of cost making all the plants
operate at very low cost as a result renewable energy sources prices can be very
stable over?me- low produc?on cost
• Renewable energy technologies require less overall maintenance than generators
that use tradi?onal fuel sources (because solar panels and wind turbines either
have few or no moving parts making it easier to maintain)- low maintenance cost
NEGATIVE
• Although they are available around the world, they are intermiBent and have
certain limita?ons (some days may be windier than others, the sun doesn’t shine
at night), whereas fossil fuels energy generators can be turned on and off at any
given ?me- weather dependent
• Solar energy is difficult to produce in oTen cloudy and freezing atmosphere of
European countries
• The technologies are typically more expensive upfront (capital cost) than
tradi?onal energy generators (building and installing solar panels and wind
turbines in a large area)
• Wind farms and solar farms require a lot of space- occupy more land which is
already scarce, especially in urban areas
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27. It is necessary for parents to a\end a parenCng training course to
bring their children up. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Children nowadays are maturing much faster than previous genera?ons due to
influence of mul?media and, therefore, it can become difficult for parents to
understand the behaviour of their offspring (that is where paren?ng training
courses can play an important role)
• In most families, both the parents are working and struggling with the work
pressure leaving no ?me for them to understand their child’s psychology (in such
situa?ons counseling and training can become blessing enabling parents to
become beBer guardians by giving them insight into their child’s psyche)
• Can also inform them about some essen?al things like vaccina?on and important
precau?onary measures (what to feed and how to care for an infant/newborn and
how to safeguard from deadly diseases like polio) – the list of dos and don’ts
• Paren?ng courses would help parents become more confident in rearing their
offspring, and confident parents tend to raise confident children
• Also, increasing trend of nuclear family means parent will lack the expert advice
from grandparents so for them paren?ng training is necessary
DISAGREE
• Many parents have other op?ons like taking advise from grandparents (helpful in
passing family tradi?ons and values) and, also, from other couples from family
members and friend circle who would give prac?cal advice based on their personal
experience rather than paying for such courses
• Many people believe that paren?ng is a natural/ins?nc?ve/spontaneous process
and people shouldn’t ruin it by joining a formal course
• Every child and its psyche is unique and their treatment should not be confined to
some paren?ng ?ps obtained through such courses or training – parents have to
be flexible and adopt trial and error
28. Demand for food is increasing worldwide. What is the cause of this?
What measures can the internaConal community take to meet this
demand?
CAUSES
• Soaring popula?on- Over the last century, the global popula?on has quadrupled.
In 1915, there were 1.8 billion people in the world. Today, according to the most
recent es?mate by the UN, there are 7.8 billion people — and we may reach 9.7
billion by 2050. Food produc?on has not kept pace due to less availability of
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fer?le land (more land is occupied in accommoda?ng the increasing popula?on-
and even, climate change, certain farming and irriga?on prac?ces, improper
waste disposal methods have reduced soil fer?lity leading to reduced yield) - so
food produc?on has not been rising as rapidly as popula?on- causing further
increase in food demand
• In developing countries, the rising incomes of people have enabled them to make
dietary changes such as ea?ng more protein and meat (to produce a pound of
meat, mul?ple pounds of grain are needed e.g. it takes 7kg of grain to produce
1kg of beef and 4kg to produce 1kg of pork), this is driving up global food demand
MEASURES
• Rising global food produc?on - Farmers must grow more on the land they
currently operate through what is called “sustainable intensifica?on.” This means
using precision farming tools, such as GPS fer?lizer dispersion, advanced irriga?on
systems, and environmentally op?mized crop rota?ons to increase yield.
• More investment in farming- Government policies to encourage farming e.g.
interest free/subsidised loans to farmers to buy quality fer?lizers and other
farming equipment- Free educa?on for farmers- training for advanced and
modern farming methods (which do not affect the fer?lity of land) can help to
increase the crop yields- Making farming tax free worldwide
• Encouraging more people to do farming – controlling urbaniza?on – benefit of
green rural development- healthy work life balance
• By reducing problem of food wastage in large kitchens- in restaurants, social
func?ons and gatherings, hostels and messes, and fast-food outlets must be
addressed by government by making investments on developing machineries to
store food for longer period or charging heavily for food waste
• Balancing worldwide food distribu?on- advanced logis?cs, transporta?on,
storage, and processing are crucial for making sure that food goes from where it
grows in abundance to where it doesn’t.
29. Many companies sponsor sports as a way of adverCsing themselves.
Some people think that it is a good thing, while others think that it has
disadvantages. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Huge audience- worldwide telecast- sports events are a source of adver?sing to a
large audience and earning publicity to increase the sales of products at global
and domes?c level (can give exposure to a newly established company- like what
Paytm Company did)
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• Also, the funds provided by sponsors can help authori?es/commiBees of sports
event to invest in young talents giving them a chance to showcase their talent (an
event like IPL having huge funds from sponsors gives a much needed chance to
aspiring players to be no?ced by higher authori?es like BCCI)
• These funds allow organisers to make the spor?ng event a beBer experience by
inves?ng in beBer infrastructure and technology – more entertainment and
encouragement to sports- stadiums with improved field condi?ons and with
larger audience capacity - Hawk-Eye technology for an error-free decision in
cricket, lawn tennis, rugby league, football, and baseball- High Defini?on cameras
with mul?-angle display on a huge screen for an improved viewing experience
• In a way, it can also help government save its funds because it no longer will need
to dedicate funds for spor?ng events if they are sponsored by companies, and can
u?lise these funds for basic necessi?es like hospitals and educa?on
2ND VIEW
• Companies sponsoring these events would make sure that famous players of that
par?cular sport are promo?ng their products which would result in impulsive
buying of products people rarely use or are worth their money
• It is also an uncertain investment since spor?ng success is not guaranteed (an
event might not aBract enough viewership (major players might not perform well
or get sidelined due to injury taking away a huge sec?on of audience)- a bad
weather condi?on may ruin all investment
• If a company selling alcohol is sponsoring a spor?ng event, it can send a wrong
message that spor?ng performance and drinking alcohol are linked (same goes for
companies selling fast food which contributes to childhood obesity)
30. More and more people want to own items, such as cars, clothing and
other things, that are made by famous brands. What are the reasons for
this? Do you think it is a posiCve or negaCve development?
REASONS
• People’s want of seeking aBen?on and social acceptance or fiRng in high society
is never ending and, nowadays, a bag from Louis VuiBon, a Rolex watch or an
Armani suit would do that for you
• We seek quality in everything we buy, and majority of famous brands have shown
it consistently in their products since the beginning winning people’s trust and
making them loyal to them
• People are also geRng hugely influenced by lifestyle of celebri?es (who never put
a finger on something which is not branded) and in pursuit of copying their looks
they also go aTer these products
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• Inferior quality of material used in non-branded products-(1) less durable (short
life) e.g. clothes purchased from a local store or street market- fade in colour,
holes or snags appear in a few days of use, (2) less comfort- rashes and skin issue-
poor fabric quality
POSITIVE
• Wearing branded clothes and using branded stuffs enhance self-confidence and
self-esteem with higher social status and increased respect and acceptability
among peers
• Value for money- durable, stylish, trending and comfortable- enhances experience
of using the thing
NEGATIVE
• Expensive- financial crisis- Obsession with wearing and possessing branded
costumes and electronic gadgets may create family conflicts (between parents
and children) and hurt the financial health of a middle-class family since they cost
a fortune
• Local/domes?c manufacturers suffer heavy financial losses and have to shut down
their businesses. Exploita?on of local manufacturers by branded companies as
they outsource the produc?ons to them at considerably low rates- sale the same
commodi?es with their logos, tags, seals or brand names.
• Materialis?c society- it is crea?ng a society where everybody is judged or
appreciated based on the appearance and the things they possess and oTen the
inner quali?es are neglected
31. Some say that people living in high-rise apartments are lonely and
unhappy, while others say that it’s advantageous to stay in high-rise
apartments. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1STVIEW
• In apartments, neighbours keep changing since it is not a permanent op?on for
people to live making it difficult to maintain enduring rela?onship- cannot
connect well to frequently changing neighbours- isolated
• Most migrants prefer apartments to live, and, in the absence of community, they
feel lonely and isolated despite living alongside hundreds of people (being an
outsider, they always feel out of the place and don’t find the local people that
much welcoming)
• More people around gives rise to more misunderstandings and conflicts – end up
spoiling mood on a day-to-day basis and rela?ons in the long run
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2ND VIEW
• High-rise apartments offer lots of ameni?es inside premises like recrea?onal
centres (gymnasium, swimming pool, courts and tables for games), community
hall (for organizing func?ons or celebra?ng fes?vals), laundry facili?es,
convenience stores etc.
• For people living alone who can easily accommodate in small space, it is hugely
beneficial in terms of rent, upkeep/maintenance (everything is more affordable
compared to a house)
• Sharing all these ameni?es with others, living in a close-knit community and
celebra?ng fes?vals togethermake people develop lifelong rela?onships
• For housewives, elderly and children, it is easier to find someone to spend ?me
and play with, than in a house separated by yards and fences
32. Some people think that the role of parents is to discipline their
children and teach them about right and wrong. Other people consider
that the main responsibility of parents is to nurture their children and
provide them with a safe environment to grow up in. Discuss both these
sides and give your opinion.
1ST SIDE
• Discipline is extremely vital for a child for a bright future. Well behaved, well
mannered and obedient children are treated well in society/school/public. These
quali?es bring beBer opportuni?es and success in their future endeavours be it
studies, job or business. E.g. Punctuality, regularity, e?queBes and mannerism
• Children are naive and immature- cannot dis?nguish between right and wrong-
could suffer- lying, chea?ng in exams and bullying- could lead him or her towards
an?-social ac?vi?es in the future. Making them learn morality, jus?ce, equality
and peace is crucial
• Unhealthy and unhygienic lifestyle – poor ea?ng habit - addic?on of tobacco,
smoking, drugs or alcohol – staying indoors- avoiding socialisa?on all could
hamper growth of a child – discipline – difference between right and wrong is
important.
2ND SIDE
• The environment in which children grow up maBers a lot and if it is disturbing or
lacking the warmth for any reason (abusive parents, family conflicts, not receiving
enough affec?on from parents), they are likely to be depressed and mentally
unstable (affects behaviour/studies and some?mes how they see rela?onships) -
consistent exposure to violence is enough to make a child poten?al criminal or a
threat to the society
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• Children experience the world through their rela?onship with parents and other
caregivers and when they are provided with safe/caring/nurturing environment,
they are more likely to thrive/flourish emo?onally and physically- treat others like
that and become a law abiding, peaceful and contribu?ng members of the
society.
33. Some people think that teenagers should follow what the old people
say, whereas some believe that it is good for teenage people to
challenge what old people say. Discuss both these opinions and give
your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• The years of experience and knowledge/wisdom of old people can teach a lot
about the world (workplace problems, rela?onship problems, dealing with
failures) to a teenager who has not had a much exposure to it and yet to explore
the reality of life
• It is also one of the few ways by which we can keep our tradi?onal values/ethics
and cultural iden?ty can be kept alive– rituals they follow- aRre and tradi?onal
food recipes- celebra?on of fes?vals etc.
• Some of the things which old people pass on have been tried and tested for
innumerable benefits e.g. use of turmeric in almost every Indian dish- an?
inflammatory, an?oxidant and immunity booster - which otherwise a teenager
would never learn. Another example is some beauty ?ps given by elderly like use
of some type of clay for hair and skin- ‘Multani MiR’
2ND VIEW
• The world is changing and so should people, and, for that to happen, teenagers
need to challenge what they don’t find relevant or acceptable what old people say
(like we have been living in a patriarchal- male dominant- society owing to
conserva?ve mindset of old people and teenagers must challenge those beliefs)
• Old people are very stubborn when it comes to religion and are deep into
supers??ons and oTen force it upon their children which would clash with the
modern mentality of teenager who should have a right to choose what he/she
believes in (ideology)
• Some unproven, some?mes illegi?mate, medical prac?ces hugely followed by
elderly could be detrimental to health- consul?ng a religious guru, preacher or a
self-proclaimed doctor, instead of a real doctor, for any physical or mental issue –
opposed by teenagers
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34. Nowadays, adults do a li\le exercise. Some people believe that the
best way to address this issue is by covering great sports events such as
the Olympics on television. Others think that it is more beneficial to take
other measures. What is your opinion?
1ST VIEW
• Can pass message around to stay fit and healthy by telecas?ng events (it will
inspire people to join sports club)
• However, merely watching on TV doesn’t guarantee success (entertainment/couch
potato)
2ND VIEW
• Measures like organising events will help. (yoga compe??on, marathon,
gymnas?cs, athle?cs)
• Govt. can provide proper facility in public parks for encouraging people to exercise.
(Jogging track, gym equipments)
• Include benefits of doing exercise in school curriculum. (Students will know the
benefits of exercise)
• Spread awareness through celebri?es by unveiling their fitness secrets and fitness
schedule
35. Some people are happy to spend the whole of their life living in the
same area. However, others prefer to live in many different areas over
their lifeCme. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Have sort of memories at that place. (En?re childhood and aBachments)
• Good knowledge about the atmosphere and culture of that place (people
around them/tradi?on of that place)
• Cannot survive in different areas (cannot handle culture shock)
2ND VIEW
• They like exploring different cultures(diversity at each and every place in terms of
rituals, food, lifestyle)
• Due to promo?on in careers at different places (greater opportuni?es/ for example
moving from rural to urban)
• For their child's educa?onal requirement (providing quality educa?on which is only
possible in developed areas)
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36. These days, some people spend a lot of money on Cckets to go to
sporCng or cultural events. Do you think this is a posiCve or negaCve
development?
POSITIVE
• People can encourage par?cipants who represent their country/culture (cheer/
support their team)/ see their favourite sports player or performer live
• A life?me experience to be a part of such mega events like World Cup, FIFA Finals,
Na?onal Folk Dance Compe??on- you don’t get such opportunity every day-
cherish un?l death
• Can feel the atmosphere and energy of live events (incredible experience /
suppor?ng na?on amid vibrant crowd which they cannot enjoy staying home)
• Keep them in touch with our tradi?on (tradi?onal values)/ celebra?ons / culture
and rituals (on TV, one mostly finds modern shows and events), an opportunity to
socialise with likeminded people - money worth spending
NEGATIVE
• The money is wasted on nothing, instead can donate for charity (helping needy/
poor with basic necessi?es)
• Can invest in some projects (for earning handsome amount money)
• Can contribute to build some sports centre for teenagers for encouraging them to
ac?vely par?cipate in sports (to encourage children to play sport and represent
country)
37. Experts say older people were happier and healthier in the past
because they did more exercise and spent more Cme with family and
friends, whereas now many suffer loneliness and health problems. What
are the causes of this, and what are some soluCons?
CAUSES
• Hec?c schedule and no ?me for exercise (overburden of work/less ?me to enjoy
with family)/ caught up in the rat race/ materialis?c
• Modern lifestyle – unhealthy junk food/ fast food/ packaged food (Poor diet)/
Sedentary lifestyle, over-reliance of people on the internet and labour saving
machines (reduced physical efforts/children--online games/social distancing due to
availability of internet) - poor health and isolated
• Nuclear family concept- less family values and busy in individual growth- main
cause of isola?on/ migra?on to unfamiliar places for beBer opportuni?es – less
socialisa?on — loneliness
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SOLUTIONS
• Have more sports and exercise in the school curriculum (importance/benefits of
staying fit and working in a team)
• More focus on ea?ng home-made food, with whole family (hygienic/balanced
diet/less harmful/ togetherness)
• Government should put a strict law on working hours at the workplace (manage
workload/can look aTer their health/spend quality ?me with family)- healthy
work-life balance
38. At the present Cme, the populaCon of some countries includes a
relaCvely large number of young adults, compared with the number of
older people.Do the advantages of this situaCon outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Enthusiasm of young adults will benefit country in many aspects (passion,
dedica?on) – more growth and development
• Physical and mental strength to work for longer hours ?relessly – more produc?ve
and efficient
• Young people are highly educated, competent and skilful in various fields (have
prac?cal approach/wide range of ideas/technical knowledge)
• Ability to bring about necessary changes (fearless aRtude and take calculated risk
while taking decisions or making any changes)
DISADVANTAGES
• They are less experience to deal with complex situa?ons (are unaware of some
cri?cal situa?on, get panic while making decision)- Pandemic, catastrophe and
man-made disaster
• More nuisance, addic?on and corrup?on (young adults get distracted to other
ac?vi?es more compared to old, pornography, drugs and alcohol, less ethical-
desire to be rich overnight)
• Will not value rich ancient culture (will not preserve tradi?on, culture, rituals,
lifestyle)
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39. Some people believe that to be a successful sportsperson, one needs
to have a natural ability. Others think that hard work and pracCce are
more important.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Can effortlessly develop their game (god giTed/ inborn talent- they have natural
ins?nct right from the birth/just polishing the talent will help), Sachin Tendulker
• Some scien?fic studies show that gene?cs play vital role in growth of some talents
(talent runs in genes) Example- Arjun Tendulker (Sachin’s son)
• They will not have any performance pressure (as they have natural talent/they
back their skills) Lionel Messi- footballer
2ND VIEW
• Game is played with passion and dedica?on (anyone can develop any skill by
s?cking to the basics and hard work), prac?ce makes a man perfect
• They have struggled a lot for skills so they have remarkable experience (they have
prac?sed a lot so they know all the loopholes and can deal with them)- M.S. Dhoni
40. Today much of the food people eat gets transported from farms that
are thousands of miles away. Some people believe it would be be\er for
the environment and the economy if people only consume food
produced by local farmers. Would the advantages of this outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Beneficial for local farmers and economy (they can earn enough and country's
economy will rise due to less import)
• Does not need transporta?on and will be highly cost-effec?ve (no extra
transporta?on tax/less pollu?on)
• People can get fresh vegetables and fruits. (Preserva?ves which are used for
keeping it fresh for long ?me will be used less), good for health
DISADVANTAGES
• Farms are also not equipped with advanced technologies/ scarcity of land/ less
people engaged in farming (enough quan?ty of food might not be produced), may
not meet local demand
• Locally produced food cannot meet diversity of demand (limited variety of crops/
vegetables/ fruits will grow due to weather/ geographic condi?ons) Ex:
unavailability of fruits like Kiwi, Dragon fruit – rich in fibre and vitamins
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• Some?mes, due to natural disasters domes?c produc?on may suffer (might face
scarcity of food during this period if not imported)
41. The qualiCes and skills that a person requires to become successful
in today's world cannot be learned at a university or other academic
insCtuCons. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Educa?on system which is in prac?ce in present has been developed and invented
years ago (outdated syllabus) - obsolete and redundant in rapidly changing world,
it doesn’t cover skills and quali?es needed to survive in modern cut-throat
compe??on (mul?lingual/ versa?le personality)
• Current educa?on system focuses on theore?cal approach, whereas compe??on
demands pragma?c approach (Industrial challenges, on site issues and disaster
management)
• Skills needed to be successful are- hard work, passion, perseverance, decision
making power, leadership, handling pressure, team work (degree does not maBer,
working hard is key, not every successful man has studied in university ex. Bill
Gates), educa?onal ins?tutes mostly focus on theory based exams and results and
do not train candidates for poten?al workplace challenges
DISAGREE
• Upgraded syllabus – Prac?cal approach- Laboratories, Industrial visit, Internships,
Project submissions, R and D etc.
• Even student exchange programmes for cultural diversity and global exposure
• Sports and cultural ac?vi?es, expedi?ons and explora?on an integrated part of
modern educa?onal ins?tutes- (Health and fitness, team work, leadership,
confidence, fearless, decision making power)
42.Some people think that prison sentences should not be used in
dealing with criminals. EducaCon and job training should used instead.
To what extent do you agree on disagree?
AGREE
• Educa?on will help them learn difference between good and bad (can know the
detrimental effects of crime on society)
• Job will help them to be self-sufficient (by earning, they will be able to full their
basic needs, and will not be forced to commit crime)
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• Will get bad influence in prison (they might form a group with other criminals in
prison and commit some harsh crime), (jails are epicentres where blueprint of
bigger crimes is prepared, as all criminals assemble under a single roof)
DISAGREE
• Severe crime cannot be neglected (example- rape, murder, an?-social ac?vi?es like
arson punishment is essen?al to teach them proper lesson and make them realise
their mistake)
• Can maintain fear amongst poten?al culprits (by making them aware that unlawful
conduct has serious consequences/without the possibility of punishment many
individuals would break the law), (fear of punishment)
43. Nowadays, more and more business meeCngs and business training
are taking place online. Do the advantages of this development
outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Can minimize the cost (travel cost, administra?on cost, sta?onary and other office
expenses)
• Saves ?me (no need to travel, no need to dress up professionally- top to boBom,
no need to arrive early)
• Flexibility and comfort zone (can aBend mee?ng/training wherever you are on the
earth, own comfort zone- home// no need to bother about weather condi?on/
heavy traffic/ health/ law and order situa?on or other external factors which could
affect possibility of aBending training or mee?ng)
DISADVANTAGES
• The mee?ngs may have many hindrances (low bandwidth/ noisy surrounding/
different ?me zones)
• Some factors like body language and facial expressions may not be clear
• Laziness due to homely environment (seriousness of the mee?ng may be
compromised)
• Confiden?ality of mee?ng might not be achieved (screen recording/someone else
might join the mee?ng and reveal all data)
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44. Some people from poor and rural backgrounds find it difficult to get
a university educaCon. UniversiCes have to make it easier, especially for
such groups, to get into them. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Without university educa?on, it will be difficult for students to withstand cut-
throat compe??on of the modern world or get a well-paid job/ white collar job
(would not be able to deal with the fast growing world, might end up commiRng
crime for survival or spend whole life in grave poverty as a labourer)
• Equal opportunity for financially deprived people or underprivileged
• It would help raise educa?on standard and thus lifestyle of such people, leading to
growth and development of rural areas
DISAGREE
• Some?mes free or easy entry for educa?on will not be valued (may take it for
granted, waste seats, so beBer to let a deserving and qualified candidate have an
opportunity)
• University educa?on mainly covers core subjects- students may lack interest and
may perform poor- lose confidence and give up forever (if given easy entry), may
not be able to other smarter students- inferiority complex
45. Some people think that it is the responsibility of governments to
take care of the environment, while others believe that it is the
responsibility of people to take care of the environment. Discuss both
views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• All ac?ons of an individual and industries are influenced by laws of the land, and
government has all the authori?es to enact strict laws and amend or quash laws
that are weak in protec?ng environment (Ex. Waste disposal policies, separate
zones for chemical and pharmaceu?cal companies, treatment of contaminated air
etc.) – fine or punish guilty
• Huge popula?on is illiterate so government can organise awareness programme
though campaigns, adver?sements, folk ar?sts and educa?onal seminars
• Government can make ‘Environment’ a mandatory subject in school curriculum
(will teach younger genera?on importance of nature and ways to protect/preserve
it)
2ND VIEW
• Individuals together are a na?on so if every individual makes personal efforts such
as avoiding use of plas?c/plas?c products, keeping their neighbourhood clean,
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reusing products, plan?ng trees- the na?on will be clean and green, thus, the
world at large)
• Despite all the efforts of government, if people do not intend to protect the
environment or follow rules made by government, everything will be in vain.
Government cannot make people follow rules every ?me, they have to follow
themselves. EXAMPLE- avoid honking, avoid cuRng trees, avoid poaching, avoid
using products made of animal skins or wood or non-biodegradable materials – on
humanitarian ground, for survival of the en?re human race, flora and fauna
• Consequences of contamina?on and damaged environment are to be borne by
individuals and the genera?ons to come, and not the government- it is an ar?ficial,
intangible authority by law- headed by group individuals only (if we save, we live)
46. Most people prefer ready to eat food outside of their home rather
than homemade food nowadays. Do you think this has more advantages
or more disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Provides you with many op?ons (people are keener to taste diverse dishes (mul?
cuisine restaurants) which cannot be obtained by home-made food)- at home,
limited op?ons
• Everybody is busy these days (both parents work and neither has ?me to cook
proper meals at home), don’t have ?me to cook at home) (Fast food- saves ?me)
• Taste and pleasant ambience - (tempta?on of cheesy, buBery, spicy and aroma?c
food- perfect blend of flavours) (cooking methods, decora?on and garnishing),
luxurious and roman?c ambience- expensive interiors and candle lit tables (unique
experience)- at home, dull and boring
DISADVANTAGE
• Outside food contain food preserva?ves/ frozen/ unhygienic (for prolonging the
lifespan of food and these are harmful for health, whereas home-made food is
fresh)
• Such food is full of calories and deficient in nutrients (If consumed on a regular
basis, it will lead to obesity, diabetes and heart trouble)- home-made food is
nutri?ous
• Expensive (adds extra burden on one’s pocket)
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47. People spend a lot of money on various things as they earn more
money nowadays than before. Is it a posiCve or negaCve development?
POSITIVE
• They can have luxurious life style (cars, well-furnished and well-equipped house,
branded clothes etc.)- Status symbol (more sa?sfied with lives than people in the
past who could only dream about luxury)
• They enjoy more comfortable life than the past (public transport v/s Cars, locally
manufactured clothes v/s premium clothes, fan v/s A.C.)
• People buy modern gadgets (stay connected to the upda?ng world, rich sources of
knowledge) in the past, only books and newspapers- knowledge could only be
afforded by rich in the past
• More safety (contact family in emergencies/cell phone- can detect loca?on), CCTV
etc.
NEGATIVE
• Extravagance – buy things they don’t need- waste of resources (money is theirs,
but resources belong to the society at large)
• Finds themselves indebted in their young or middle-age (loans/ credit cards), no
savings for emergencies
• Nega?ve trend in the society to show off – people become materialis?c- find
happiness in things, not in humans around and the nature)
48. Some parents prefer to send their children to preschool, while
others say they should stay at home unCl they are older. What is your
opinion?
1ST VIEW
• At crèche, child will learn to interact with a lot of different people (develop
interac?ve skills), at home, they are isolated and become introvert
• Play with other children, learn social e?queBes like equality, sharing, caring,
gree?ng, brotherhood etc. and develop skills like team work, decision making,
working under pressure and leadership while doing various ac?vi?es (at home,
have limited ac?vi?es to do- limited development)
• Both parents are working nowadays (nuclear family concept) so nobody is at home
to take care so beBer to hand them over to trained teachers than a baby siBer
• At home, if they are not engaged in any ac?vity, they might waste ?me watching
TV being couch potato/ or paying computer/mobile games (can have nega?ve
impact on their mind and body) - ophthalmic issues- poor eye sight/ obesity and
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violent and aggressive nature due to exposure to violent content on TV and in
games (so beBer to send to preschools)
2ND VIEW
• Can spend quality ?me with parents, rela?ves and neighbours/ get personal
aBen?on (learn some social skills which can be significant later- gree?ng,
mannerism, respec?ng and following elders) (At day nursery – they don’t get
personal aBen?on and don’t learn important lessons like respec?ng elders)
• Learn to deal with people of different age groups (neighbouring children and
siblings, parents, grandparents (in case of joint family), rela?ves and other
members of society) – At crèche, only spend ?me with children of similar age
• At home, parents and grandparents teach moral values like honesty and ethics
(Preschools focus on discipline and rules, not the values)
• Children normally tend to imitate people around them so parents can behave at
home the way they want their child to groom into, which is not the case at
prekindergarten
49. Older people usually think that life used to be be\er in the past. Do
you think they are right or wrong to think like that?
RIGHT
• More social than today – healthy rela?ons with everyone- Social aBachments were
more in the past (more face-to-face communica?on, discussing all the things with
family members once in a day, aBending social func?on like wedding was part of
tradi?on, helping neighbours)- Joint family concept
• Physically healthy and mentally relaxed (less technology, more physical efforts in
every field, less burden of work and earning)- healthy work life balance

• Self contented people- happy with whatever they had, unlike today’s greedy
society and materialis?c mindset (accumula?on of wealth) – never sa?sfied with
what they have
• People had a great atmosphere to live in- closer to nature (more trees, lakes, fresh
air, and less waste) – clean, green, healthy and hygienic atmosphere, unlike today’s
concrete jungle
• People were trustworthy and reliable- gave utmost importance to ethics, honesty,
morality and selflessness, unlike today’s dishonest and corrupt people
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WRONG
• Modern lifestyle- comfortable and luxurious life
• Globalisa?on (foreign tours, beBer products and services), consumerism (wide
range of products to choose from), industrialisa?on (job and career opportuni?es)
and technology (electronic gadgets and equipment for comfort- AC, fridge, TV)
• BeBer health, health facili?es have developed (mul?-speciality hospitals, death
ra?o is remarkably low, there were no proper machines and medicines to cure
disease in past- Some diseases which used to be life threatening and deadly are
cured with basic medica?ons)
• Educated society- well informed and learned- equal rights and opportuni?es. (In
the past, male dominant society- orthodox- conserva?ve mindset- some?mes,
misogynists)
50. Young adults should contribute to their communiCes by doing
unpaid work in their free Cme. Do advantages of this outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• young genera?on can learn or develop a large number of invaluable and prac?cal
life skills (communica?on skills, organisa?onal skills and how to collaborate with
others)
• Produc?ve use of ?me which would otherwise have been wasted in unproduc?ve
work life playing video games, hanging out in malls and cafes, or siRng in front of
television – helpful to needy and underprivileged – cleaning neighbourhood and
crea?ng a healthier place live
• Good for mental and physical health- mostly youth spend ?me indoors or siRng at
one place- obesity and lethargic- beBer move out and engage in physical ac?vi?es
and socialise
• Will develop sense of sharing, caring and helping others- learn social responsibility
and become contribu?ng member of society in the future- they can encounter
people who are deprived of basic necessi?es - will value what they have, and not
take it for granted
DISADVANTAGES
• This ?me could very well be used in developing new skills reading, pain?ng, music,
dancing or strengthening educa?onal qualifica?ons
• Some?mes, distracted from their main goal (educa?on) and become more
engaged in such ac?vi?es
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• Feel physically and mentally ?red aTer spending ?me in some demanding ac?vi?es
- cleaning, distribu?ng clothes and food for needy, and cannot concentrate on
educa?on
51. Many famous sports players adverCse sports products. Do the
advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Stronger Brand Value for the company and more sales- easy to convince target
audience - if sports players adver?se familiar products, they can psychologically
impact audience more than other models (They can deliver benefits of using
products precisely with its proper use. For example: Energy drinks, some fitness
equipments), people tend to trust them and blindly buy such products without a
second thought
• Players can make profits by doing various types of adver?sements (great
opportunity for them to convert their popularity and brand value into wealth)
• some players earn more from adver?sements than games
DISADVANTAGES
• could strip away the players’ focus off the game (would focus more on being
celebrity than game, leading to performance degrada?on) – as some players earn
more from adver?sements than games and soon get distracted
• Some?mes, player ends up ruining his or her brand value. Companies get benefits
from their popularity and some?mes adver?se inferior quality of products
• Some products are sold at unreasonably higher price considering its quality, and, in
long run, the player pays the prices- loss of popularity, image and trust of people
52. Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists
rather than local people. Why does this happen? What can be done to
encourage local people to visit museums and historical sites?
REASONS
• local habitants have been brought up in those areas and have seen the historical
places and familiar with the history associated with it (historical places might not
arouse their interests anymore, tourists are keen to know about those places as
they can know about various cultures, tradi?ons and history associated)
• museums charge an entry fee that discourages the local people (would avoid
visi?ng because nobody wants to pay again to watch the same artworks/ tourists
have travelled this far they do not consider money and prefer to know something
new)
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• more inclina?on towards western society- discourages from taking interest in their
own culture and tradi?on- they take them for granted – beBer prefer lively places
like – pubs, clubs and amusement parks where they can have more fun and
vibrant/lively atmosphere
• takes a considerable amount of ?me to explore these heritage sites (people feel
that it is a waste of ?me to visit monuments and they hardly find something new/
tourists have plan schedule of their tour ,and so spending ?me, visi?ng these sites,
will help them spend some more ?me knowing facts about culture)
ENCOURAGE
• Schools can impart knowledge about historical places amongst the students
(can give assignments related to the history, culture and tradi?on of their na?ve
place, will encourage most parents to take their children to museums)
• Tradi?onal museums can be blended with modern museums (by adding some
audio-visuals clips for showing history about place, wax statues)
• Scraping the entry fee (can aBract na?ve people to revisit the museums and
historical buildings)
53. These days, many families are moving to other countries for work.
Some people believe that the children in these families benefit from this
move. However, others believe that it makes life more difficult for the
children. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• beBer opportunity for educa?on (more advanced syllabus- prac?cal approach, well
equipped class, well trained facul?es in developed countries)- bright future
• Mul?cultural environment – exposure to global culture- child grooms itself in to a
global ci?zen with broader vision and goals
• Disciplined culture- law abiding ci?zens- mannerism, e?queBes and respect-
equality and equal opportunity – grooms into a disciplined, social and worthy
member of society
• ATer comple?ng their educa?on, they would have much beBer job opportuni?es
(lucra?ve job offers, mul?na?onal companies, employee friendly employment
condi?ons- fixed work hours- weekends off, favourable working atmosphere,
healthy work life balance, less labour work due to advanced technology in these
countries
• Can stay in crime free and corrup?on less atmosphere in developed countries (safe
and secured)
2ND VIEW
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• Learning new language could be the biggest barrier to them
• Medium of instruc?on at school- English, French or Germen - difficult to blend
with classmates and par?cipate in discussions and debates, and plenty of
difficul?es in day-to-day life like- interac?ons with neighbours and people in
society (some socie?es are mul?lingual)
• They probably struggle with managing their studies
• (New syllabus- methods and approach is definitely different compared to their
own country- new teaching methods) – Self-study approach instead of extra
personal or group tui?ons aTer school/college hours
• may find it harder to adjust to a new culture (need ?me and support to adjust to a
new society and when they do not find friends, they might feel isolated, chance of
a culture shock)
• Climate and food issues- freezing weather or scorching heat
• (May face health issues and cannot cope up)
• Non-vegetarian food/ sea food- difficult to adjust
54. The number of people working online from home has grown in some
countries. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Requires no physical travelling- saves ?me, energy and money (can work more
efficiently and effec?vely as some?mes travelling can give people unnecessary
stress)
• Working from home is invariably a comfortable working environment (flexible
?ming- familiar surroundings) without existence of office rules and poli?cs, will
boost work produc?vity
• Will be easy to work from home if employee is injured/sick/ not well (doesn’t have
to skip aBending office)- Even boon for specially abled people (Some?mes gets
isolated due their physical weakness from other employee, so they can work
without considering all these psychological pressures)
DISADVANTAGES
• Habitual lateness/ lethargic approach can lead to failure to the achievement of
organisa?onal goals (workers might get sluggish and avoid ?mely work
comple?on) – poor performance/ unpunctual/ chances of losing job
• Modern business significantly emphasises on communica?on and collabora?on

(exchanging informa?on, daily task updates would be hampered)- communica?on
gap
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• Difficult to reserve a corner for work (lots of distrac?on from family, and so
isola?ng oneself is quite tough)- work efficiency is affected
55. In many countries, people are living in a "throwaway society" where
things are used for a short Cme and thrown away. What are the causes
of this and what problems does it lead to?
CAUSES
• Rise in income and affordability than the past (can afford recurrent expenditures)
and blind imita?on of celebri?es and inclina?on towards western socie?es and
their ways of life
• New technology and products each day- aTer some days or weeks, product
purchased becomes outdated or obsolete- have to opt for new products to keep
up with the trend and the world
• People do not have ?me to fix things (due to ?ght schedule/repairs are expensive)/
some?mes mending demands efforts/?me consuming- so people let go of it- easy
to go life
• Luring and deceiving adver?sement (adverts impact highly on people’s daily life
like clothes, furniture, mobile phones etc. - manufacturers set trend of throwaway
society through such adver?sements)
PROBLEMS
• Excessive produc?on of goods leads to scarcity of resources (limited land and
produc?on capacity- run out of raw material) – cannot meet demand – infla?on
• Environmental Degrada?on – water/soil pollu?on (disposing of waste in water

bodies/ ocean/open land affects marine lives and deteriorates soil fer?lity - poor
waste disposal methods)
• For more produc?on, intensive and commercial farming- chemical fer?liser/
pes?cides/ insec?cides- harmful for human health and environment
56. Libraries should be shut down as be\er alternaCves are available. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• informa?on on the internet is boundless (anyone can access, lot of books, ar?cles,
and useful ideas are posted on websites and blogs)
• No ?me for students to visit libraries (already spend their majority of ?me in
schools and coaching classes)
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• open only for limited period of ?me (?me limit would not allow children to stay
flexible with their study hours) - Internet is available 24*7/round the clock
• - SeRng up and maintenance of library costs a lot and its u?lity is almost none in
this modern world- dead investment
Disagree:
• Huge source of authen?cated informa?on (reliable and verified books and in wide
range), on the Net- informa?on is not always reliable
• Provide tranquil and comfortable ambience for reading (Proper sea?ng
arrangement, ligh?ng facili?es, and peaceful atmosphere aid readers to
concentrate fully)
• Library memberships are quite affordable and is beneficial to students and people
from poor financial background (not everyone can afford gadgets and high-speed
internet connec?on)
57. Shopping is now one of the most popular forms of leisure acCvity in
many countries for young adults. Why is this? Do you think this is a
posiCve or a negaCve development?
REASONS
• Increased sources of income for the youth/ income of parents- affluent society-
can afford doing more shopping than the past
• Increased shopping facili?es with combina?on of luxury and comfort. Plenty of
shopping malls in ci?es/ online shopping facili?es (quick op?on for many people to
spend their leisure ?me, help them to relax and allow them to buy their
necessi?es in their leisure ?me) - aBract the young adults
• Shopping is more economical compared to other leisure ac?vi?es, and also fulfil
needs (like travelling and photography, travelling needs lots of money
(accommoda?on, food cost, travel cost))
• Does not require any planning and no hindrance due to weather (some
ac?vi?es like sports need proper weather, and many equipments, shopping can be
done online (discounts, do not have to go physically))
• The youth are geRng influenced by peer groups and friends who oTen go out for
shopping and end up developing a habit, symbol of social status – more shopping,
more belongings to show off
• The youth, nowadays, have good taste of western culture and shopping sa?sfies
this taste (malls/online shopping with all interna?onal brands/ online shopping –
products across the globe)
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POSITIVE
• Much beBer ac?vity than playing online games and watching violent movies – for
young adult (malls- go out of home- physical movement)
• Will help youngsters to do financial planning (will help them to manage budget
and will help them to priori?se the needs)- produc?ve u?lity of leisure ?me
NEGATIVE
• The energy and ?me of these young adults is wasted for nothing (energy should be
spent towards the posi?ve outcome of the society (charity, develop some new
skills, contribu?on in development of na?on))
• Young adults grow extravagant – develop habit of spending money on things they
don’t need- bad habit to start spending on shopping before one starts earning
• Encourages ‘throwaway society’- take many things for granted- do not u?lise
products to its fullest
58. These days many children spend a lot of their Cme playing computer
games but li\le Cme doing sports. Why is this? Do you think this is a
posiCve or a negaCve development?
REASONS:
• Urbaniza?on has eliminated public playgrounds from ci?es and towns (ci?es have
become more congested than ever before leaving no room for liBle ones to enjoy
outdoor games like cricket or football. Playing such sports in narrow streets is
uncomfortable) so they mostly prefer to play indoor games)
• Gaming today has aBained new heights of success- 3D graphics- high resolu?ons-
real ?me mul? player gaming gives children as good experience as playing real
sports – tempt children to keep playing for hours
• Both parents are working- no one forces them to go out and enjoy sports (leT
alone at home- they do what they like)
POSITIVE
• Playing this games will develop their thinking paBern- mind games- Chess-Puzzles-
crossword etc. (they oTen discuss different strategies of some par?cular computer
game- helps them to enhance their imagina?on)
• Games teach you many skills and tac?cs- use of mul?ple senses together- eye,
hand, ears and mind
• Quick decision making power- improved concentra?on- spontaneous
NEGATIVE
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• Playing video games for longer ?me affects health(sedentary lifestyle leads to
obesity as well as it will isolate them from real world)- poor eye sight, back
problems
• It will not develop some important life skills (skills like leadership, co-opera?on,
teamwork (by playing outdoors with friends, they will learn team management
and communica?on skills) - less social (no social interac?ons- introvert)
59. Some people think that one of the best ways to solve environmental
problems is to increase the cost of fuel for cars and other vehicles. To
AGREE
• Will reduce private transporta?on (middle class/lower middle class will start using
public transporta?on/carpool for reducing their cost)- less traffic- less vehicle
exhaust fumes- air pollu?on reduces
• Traffic leads to honking and unnecessary noise pollu?on- reduced vehicles means
less traffic- less noise
DISAGREE
• To some extent it will help reduce flow of vehicles (recrea?onal purposes).
However, there will be no effect on the rich people (They will never compromise as
they have enough money) - Public transport is not efficient enough in countries
like India so despite high prices, middle class will be forced to use private
transport- will not reduce noise/air pollu?on much
• Commercial and industrial vehicles will s?ll be running – won’t reduce air/noise
pollu?on much
60. It is difficult for many people to create a balance between their
professional and their personal life. What are the causes of this? What
can be done to solve this problem?
REASONS
• Materialis?c approach – caught up in the rat race- work over?me- spend most of
the ?me at work place – desire to earn more and more- wealth accumula?on
• Have to give ?me to business/job to survive in the cut-throat compe??on- less
ambi?ous work will destroy the business/ less ambi?ous will end up losing job
• Compromised family values- increasing inclina?on towards western culture and
nuclear family- everyone is busy in their individual growth with all family members
working
SOLUTIONS
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• Should limit the work hours and spend the rest of their ?me with the family (it will
create good family atmosphere, they will be able to share their day-to-day
ac?vi?es)- weekends off (Saturday and Sunday)
• Short family vaca?on/ par?cipa?on in social gatherings and fes?vals with family
members only
• Should leave office work back in office and switch off the office phone at home-
have breakfast and dinner with family
61. Some people believe that teenagers are facing more problems in
their life than they did in the past and this is because parents are
spending more Cme at work than at home. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Nowadays, they face problem in socializing e.g. not going to social func?ons,
avoiding interac?ons with neighbours and rela?ves (as both parents work, they do
not have any ?me to take their offspring to social gatherings or to teach them
social e?queBes - socially awkward child - face problems in building and
maintaining healthy rela?ons with others in later life-, and when they come across
this situa?on, they get panic) - In the past- joint family concept- rich in social
values and e?queBes
• They are not geRng proper parental guidance and personal aBen?on- Poor in
studies- Addic?on of drug/alcohol/ tobacco - Inclina?on towards bad/ unhealthy
habits- fast food- couch potato etc.
• (Adolescents have to seek assistance, love and support elsewhere whenever they
encounter any problem, and they end up crea?ng more trouble for them- Internet
?ps (unreliable), approaching friends of the same age (immature), consul?ng
strangers who might take unreasonable advantage of the situa?on, whereas in
past, children used to share all their problems with parents and get some good
sugges?on to solve difficul?es from parents)- Mothers used to be full ?me
teacher, friend, mentor and guide
DISAGREE
• Increasing level of educa?on - upgraded technology, exposure to in-depth and
abundant knowledge and updated syllabus- are to be blamed for this, not
parents’ busy schedule (they spend aTer job hours with children)- Children
some?mes consider themselves superior to their parents (preceding genera?on)-
grow arrogant, introvert and selfish- ignore parents and their advises considering
them inferior or obsolete. (In the past- children were dependent on parents and
teachers to solve their queries and they were role models)
• Commercialisa?on of educa?on- only focus on results – encourage compe?ng and
standing first all the ?me- makes child self-cantered, egocentric and materialis?c-
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In the past- schools used to teach ethics, morality- honesty, social e?queBes and
social responsibility
• Unrestricted exposure to violence and pornographic content – mo?vate to
commit crime/ do wrong- distract from educa?on – end up ruining their career
and life
62. Many people think that more money will make them happier. How
important is money for happiness?
IMPORTANT
• People can have a more lavish/ more affluent lifestyle by having money- more
comfort- more happiness (they could buy everything they would like to – huge
independent bungalow, luxury cars, advanced technology (electronic gadgets and
automa?on) and clothes with latest fashion)
• By having more money one can spend more on expensive recrea?onal ac?vi?es
(amusement parks/Disney Land, extreme sports/adventure ac?vi?es (bungee
jumping/ mountain biking/ jet skiing/ windsurfing/ scuba diving/paragliding) –
away from mundane and hec?c life- happiness
• Healthy body and mind – biggest source of happiness- More money helps people
spend more on healthier habits (gym/ yoga/ zumba/ aerobics/ medita?on/
expensive food –vegetables-food rich in nutri?onal values (dragon fruit/broccoli)-
and more hygienic surroundings (regular sanita?on/vacuum-cleaning)
NOT MUCH IMPORTANT
• Happiness is a subjec?ve maBer- for some money is not at all important- they are
happier serving needy and under privileged or being involved in their passion
(dancing/teaching/pain?ng)
• Money cannot buy healthy rela?ons- need good nature/quality ?me with family/
socialising- more money requires more ?me invested at workplace away from
loved ones- hec?c schedule- stress- workload - doesn’t necessarily make people
happy – some?mes money brings ego along, spoiling many rela?ons
• Money cannot heal diseases like AIDS, Thalassemia or cancer Some?mes,more
money may lead to such situa?on (unhealthy lifestyle- addic?ons – drugs/
tobacco/alcohol- unfaithful rela?ons/ extra marital affairs- seen among people in
rich socie?es)- more sufferings- unhappy
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63. Some people say it is manufactures' and supermarket's
responsibility to reduce the amount of packaging of products they sell
and others say it is the consumer's responsibility to avoid buying
products with too much packaging. Discuss both these views and give
your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Mul?layer packing and over packaging should be avoided- It can be done by
manufacturers- In general, the packaging is vital to the FMCG (Fast Moving
Consumer Goods) market, for proper look/posi?oning of the commodity to
dis?nguish product appearance from that of their rivals- e.g. biscuits –sold with
mul? layer packing like – plas?c tray to keep one piece of biscuit each, then, an
aBrac?ve and flashy wrapper of plas?c for each of the biscuits, then a paperboard
box to accommodate all pieces of already packaged biscuits, then a transparent
plas?c wrap to give it a shiny look, instead can be sold in a single paper cover.
(Convince customers to buy products with lesser price and same quality- due to
reduced expenditure on packaging)
• Supermarkets expect heavy packaging from manufacturers for product safety and
to reduce waste or damage during transit- e.g. – a cardboard box of 100 already
packaged perfume boBles, protected by pieces of thermocol sheet, air cushion
bags or air tube bags inside, and covered with mul?ple layers of bubble wrap
outside. Instead, could opt for efficient staff who can handle the goods with
cau?on instead of tossing them in and off trucks while loading and unloading.
• Not all consumers are learned and well informed about adverse impact of too
much of harmful materials used for packaging – environmental hazard due to
plas?c and other non-biodegradable materials- So it is manufacturers’ and
supermarkets’ moral and social responsibility to cut down on the amount of
packaging that is used to store and sell their products
2ND VIEW
• No manufacturer or supermarket will deal in products that are not sold/ not in
demand. Consumers themselves should avoid geRng lured or persuaded by
unnecessary and aBrac?ve packaging. Consumers can individually contribute by
not purchasing this kind of products (by boycoRng certain products from
companies which are not focusing on reducing packaging and environmental
degrada?on) e.g. by buying chocolates which are sold in paper cover only, instead
of premium copper cans or other types of flashy, aBrac?ve, extravagant
packaging. This will pressurise these companies to change their aRtude towards
the quan?ty and quality of materials that they use to package their products.
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64. Some people think it is be\er for children to be grown up in the city,
while others think that life in the countryside is more suitable for them.
Discuss both views and give your opinion?
1ST VIEW
• While growing up in ci?es, they can get an unmatched quality of educa?on- well
equipped schools- with latest technologies- ease of learning – virtual support-
audio-visual aid - beBer educa?on – brighter future
• People are caught up in the rat race- parents can make their child know about the
sense of compe??on right from tender age which will help to develop compe??ve
skills at very early age. These skills can be beneficial for survival and sustenance –
beBer opportuni?es in the future
• In ci?es, children can grow up with broader mindset - global exposure- away from
orthodox and conserva?ve mindset of village life – modern lifestyle – keep pace
with the changing world
2ND VIEW
• They can be healthier in villages as the quality of air in the countryside is fresh.
This reduces chances of respiratory diseases – fresh and healthy vegetables from
farm (unlike unhealthy and some?mes unhygienic packaged food and fast food in
ci?es, and high level of air pollu?on)
• Village life challenges people physically like working in farms, managing poultry
animals so they can stay physically healthy as doing this work will strengthen their
body – explore the great outdoors (unlike sedentary lifestyle of city where
children become couch potato, or spend most of the ?me indoors)
• Close to culture and tradi?on – rituals – ceremonies – social e?queBes- fes?val
celebra?ons
65. In a lot of countries today, people can buy wide range of household
goods, such as microwaves, televisions, or rice cookers, than ever
before. Is this a posiCve or negaCve development?

POSITIVE
• It improves human efficiency and can do more work than usual. Household things
have made human lives effortless by adding an experience of ease in doing
household chores - preparing several food dishes (dough kneader/ microwave/
toaster/ griller/ mixer), washing clothes (washing machine) and utensils (dish
washer) with minimal efforts
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• Life has become more comfortable and entertaining e.g. watching your favourite
TV programme in an air-condi?oned room during scorching days of summer
vaca?on, instead of playing outdoors in intense heat
• It saves ?me e.g. vacuum cleaner for cleaning home and car instead of broom
s?cks, mops, buckets and dus?ng brush/cloth- saved ?me can be used for
socialising or other produc?ve tasks
NEGATIVE
• Housewives/ homemakers- lethargic and sedentary lifestyle – less physical
movement – obesity – some of the following problems are common among
them
1. Heart disease and stroke
2. High blood pressure
3. Diabetes
4. Cancer
5. Gallbladder disease and gallstones
6. Osteoarthri?s
7. Gout
8. TV shows, radio and TV/video gaming have increased distance between family
members- less interac?ons- weakened bonding- family disputes and
misunderstandings
66. some people say that parents should place restricCons on the hours
their children spend watching TV and playing computer games, and
encourage them to spend this Cme reading books instead. Do you agree
or disagree?
AGREE
• reading develops imagina?on (By reading comic books or story books, they
can learn to transform textual informa?on into imaginary reality, crea?ng their
own world full of facts and personali?es)
• They can get abundant knowledge (As many books are on some researches
and discoveries, they can get knowledge about different fields. They can read
books according to their interest and could learn a lot from that) –keep pace
with compe??ve world – stay updated
• Reading is an important study skill which plays crucial role in academic

performance of a child- makes learning and understanding easier – self-study
becomes easy
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DISAGREE
• Playing computer games will help them to take quick decision (while playing
some games (Puzzle, mul?player baBle, chess), they have to an?cipate next move
of enemies and they have to decide their move accordingly. Therefore, it will
improve their decision making skills, planning, cogni?ve skill, problem-solving
skill, abstract reasoning, and strategic thinking
• they can also learn by watching documentaries, news, shows based on history,
science and sports (This will help them to learn more about life of past very easily
by watching different videos of life in past which are displayed on television in
form of drama or anima?on) - abundant knowledge –facts and science, burning
issues, importance of sports etc.)
67. Art is considered an essenCal part of all cultures throughout the
world. However, these days fewer and fewer people appreciate art and
turn their focus to science, technology and business. Why do you think
that is? What could be done to encourage more people to take interest
in the arts?
REASONS
• Lack of job opportunity ( Business is lucra?ve/more rewarding)
• By not having enough knowledge/interest in art
• Morden world depend on science and technology so more chances of bright future
in those fields
SOLUTION
• Parents could encourage children (art and craT tui?ons/appreciate ar?s?c
achievement and not just academic results)
• Could make it compulsory in curriculum
• Government could provide more job in art field
• Awareness programs could be arranged (compe??ons and contests)
68. Some countries are struggling with an increase in the rate of crime.
Many people think that having more police on the streets is the only
way to reduce these increasing levels of crime. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
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• By more patrolling of police crime can be prevented
• Criminal can be caught easily (suo moto ac?on of police)
• Resident can report crime very easily and fast
DISAGREE
• Government can install CCTV camera
• Govt. can create more job (due to unemployment, they commit crime to sa?sfy
their basic needs so, by giving jobs, we can reduce it)
• Govt. can make stringent civil law (poten?al offender may fear punishment)
• Govt. can ban consump?on of liquor and drugs (as people commit crime under
influence of it)
• Individuals can teach adolescents about nega?ve impacts of commiRng crime on
society and their career
69. Some people think parents should supervise their children's
acCviCes closely, while others believe children should have more
freedom. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Children are naive and can't understand difference between right and wrong (can
be easily influenced by other people/violence/foibles/pornographic material/
addic?ons)
• (Parents can guide children by supervision as they have experience so they can
correct child's mistake)
• Children do not have sound sense of ?me management (Parents can teach them to
priori?se important tasks and stop was?ng ?me on unnecessary ac?vi?es) (books
instead of mobile games/ art and craT instead of being a couch potato)
2ND VIEW
• Children are capable to construct new ideas with crea?ve mind (in small age they
learn tons of things so to restrict their mind by keeping constant eye on them is
not good) (hampers their crea?vity, freedom, ability to think independently and
decision making ability)
• Learning from own mistake is easier than knowledge imparted by their parents
(fall and learn)
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70. More and more people are becoming seriously overweight. Some
people say that increasing the price of fa\ening foods will solve this
problem. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• (Main cause of obesity is overconsump?on of faBening fast-food)
• Because of limited budget they will opt for other types of food (Majority of
popula?on belong to average or low income group in countries like India- high
prices- will not be able to afford), forcing them to opt for healthier op?ons.
• Industries will opt for healthier food and drinks (as people will not eat faBy food
the manufacturer will stop/limit their produc?on and will opt for other types of
food)
DISAGREE
• People with good financial condi?on will s?ll con?nue ea?ng (won’t affect much)
• Youth and children always priori?se taste and not the coast (Mc Donald’s is always
flooded with young people despite being expensive and selling faBy junk food)
(kind of social status for school and college going student)
• Instead, some more effec?ve steps are needed like:
• Govt. should build more fitness facili?es (gym equipment and sports clubs)
• Govt. and people should arrange awareness camp about health problem due to
overweight
1. Heart disease and stroke.
2. High blood pressure.
3. Diabetes.
4. Cancer.
5. Gallbladder disease and gallstones.
6. Osteoarthri?s.
7. Gout.
8. Breathing problems, such as sleep apnoea (when a person stops breathing for a
short ?me during sleep) and asthma.
• Encourage to prac?ce healthy lifestyle (workouts, medita?on and yoga)(sound
sleep)(healthy work-life balance, away from rat race)(balanced diet)
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71. Today, many people do not realise how important the natural world
is. Why is this? How can people learn more about the importance of the
natural world?
REASONS
• People have become materialis?c
• Hec?c schedule
• Depend on technology to rejuvenate
• Lack of knowledge/interest in people about it
• Govt. is not spreading importance of nature
• Children are not connected with their grandparents who can give them knowledge
about it
SOLUTIONS
• Awareness camp can be arranged by people/school/society/govt.
• Can include in curriculum of students
• Adver?se about it
• Showcase the grave consequences the world is facing and the disaster it is heading
for
72. Some people believe that to reduce the amount of Cme people
spend commuCng (travelling to work), parks and gardens close to city
centres should be replaced by apartment buildings for commuters to live
in. However, others disagree with this. Discuss both these views and
give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Helps to be on ?me at workplace (as it is near to home) (u?lise saved ?me to
socialise- healthy work-life balance)
• Commu?ng cost will reduce (as it is near to home) (more savings for employee)
• Can help to reduce pollu?on as distance is less (they will use public transporta?on
or prefer walking) (health will improve)
• Employees will become more produc?ve (less distance- less ?red)
2ND VIEW
• Will affect environment as already limited green patches in city centre will be
replaced by concrete jungle (Trees are natural source of oxygen and also they
inhale carbon dioxide)
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• Even trees are home for many species of birds and animals – all forms of nature
will be affected
• Garden and parks are place for children to play and old people to relax (so
replacing it won't be good for them)
73. In many countries, weddings are gefng bigger and more expensive
than the past. Is this a posiCve or negaCve development?
POSITIVE
• Good pla_orm for socialising (people get more chance to connect with each other)
• Catering as well as wedding industry is booming (employment is increasing)
• In this busy and hec?c life, expensive and entertaining marriages act like a break
for the whole family (like short vaca?on with fun and excitement)
• Life changing event for bride and groom so – memorable throughout the life
NEGATIVE
• Waste of money on food and decora?on (extravagance) (different types of cuisine
and festoon of light)
• OTen food got wasted (leTover)
• Acts as a social status, financially deprived families spend more than they can
afford (to show off) and spend rest of the life being indebted or in a financial
crunch
• Food prepara?ons are unhygienic and unfavourable for health (a number of cases
have been reported of massive food poisoning causing deaths of many marriage
aBendees)
74. Some people think that companies should provide employees with
exercise Cme during the day. What is your opinion about this?
OPINION
• Employees can break the monotony of rou?ne work and rejuvenate themselves
(necessary to stay focused on work, a break can boost their performance)
• Can reduce stress level which will make them happy (happy workers mean happy
customers)
• Can improve their health condi?on as working on screen, astride chair will make
them lethargic (lazy), employees are as good as a valuable asset for a company
(can become obese as well as chance of heart aBack is more if doesn’t work out)
so produc?vity will increasing – ul?mately beneficial for both employer and
employee (more profit and beBer growth)
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75. Some people believe that the increasing number of vehicles is one of
the biggest problems faced by ciCes, while others believe that ciCes
have bigger challenges. Discuss both these views and state your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Pollu?on, it affects peoples' health (can have breathing problem, asthma, lung
cancer- other respiratory issues)
• Pollu?on, it can have detrimental effect on environment (vehicle exhaust fumes
can deplete the ozone layer- harmful radia?on of sun- skin cancer and other
issues)
• Problem like traffic conges?on (as there are more vehicles on road), waste of fuel,
?me and money (fuel is wasted in long traffic lines (engine is on all the ?me),
money is wasted on expensive vehicles and fuel, ?me is wasted in geRng stuck in
massive traffic conges?on)
2ND VIEW
• Pollu?on by industry is bigger concern (water pollu?on by chemical run off, air
pollu?on by deple?ng ozone layer and more toxic pollutants in air)- more harmful
than vehicle exhaust fumes
• Logging of trees (trees are natural source of oxygen and also they inhale carbon
dioxide)
• Water crisis (popula?on is more in city so they don't have adequate amount of
water for individual)
• Rising crime rates – all forms of crime
• Lifestyle of people (modernisa?on – physical and mental health issues)
76. Some people think that men are naturally more compeCCve than
women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Due to their body structure (muscular) -can perform some tasks which requires
physical strength
• Aggressive nature and egois?c nature, they are less likely to give up in any given
situa?on
EXAMPLES
1. In mechanical engineering person requires to do constant observa?on in very
cri?cal condi?on like in very hot or cold temp. and require to work with very
heavy machinery,
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2. In defence wings they require physical strength as well as heart of steel to work)
DISAGREE
• Women are compe?ng men in all field, be it engineering, medical, poli?cs or
management.
• In some fields, like in art and craT, decora?on, management course, they are
performing way beBer than men (crea?vity and ar?s?c approach)
• Humble and kind nature so more suited for nursing, medical, hospitality which
include dealing with and serving humans with care, love and cau?on
77. These days, mobile phones and the internet are very important to
the ways in which people relate to one another socially. Do the
advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Smarter, faster and reliable source to communica?on (free audio and video call
through apps like WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram)
• Can communicate with the person who is far away in blink of an eye
• Can share their photos, videos, documents, songs which help to strengthen their
bond
• No prin?ng coast on invita?ons and more eco-friendly (no papers requires)
No travelling coast, online group mee?ngs and video conferences – good in all
regards
DISADVANTAGES
• People are connected to the farthest, but disconnected to the nearest (talk to
friends overseas, but not with family member siRng right next)
• Emo?onally less connected – Lie and pretend (doesn’t give you feelings of face-to-
face mee?ng) (hug your friends, shake hand)
• Unknown people are encountered (may be fraudulent or with malicious
inten?ons) (fake accounts, frauds and chea?ng)
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78. ScienCsts believe that in order to protect the environment, people
must use less energy in their daily lives. However, most people have not
changed the way they live. Why do you think many people have not
taken individual acCon? What could be done to encourage them to take
acCon?
REASONS
• They priori?se personal interests over society or na?on (self-centred/selfish
approach), (private use for comfort and show off) (heavy ligh?ngs in bungalow,
cars for recrea?onal use etc.)
• They believe that they are paying for what they are using so they can use it as
much as they want (egois?c approach/boas?ng on their money power)
• Lack of knowledge/interests about energy produc?on process, how costly and
difficult it is and also resources used in it
• By not having knowledge about alterna?ve green sources of energy (Ex. Solar
panels/solar energy/wind energy/hydroelectric - renewable sources of energy)
ACTIONS
• Govt. could charge penalty to those who waste energy
• Govt. could include produc?on process of energy in curriculum so that children
can learn about it
• People/govt. could organise awareness camps regarding conserva?on of energy
and its importance (grave consequences we may face for not preserving it)
• Govt. should promote use of LED lights at concessional rates (as it consumes less
energy)
• Govt. should provide subsidy on equipment of alterna?ve sources (solar panels,
wind farms etc.)
79. Films and computer games which contain violence are very popular.
Some people believe they have a negaCve effect on society and so
should be banned. Other people, however, say they are just harmless
and help people to relax. Discuss both these points of view and give
your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• People get provoked or influenced by such games/movies and try to imitate
outrageous content of movie and games, which put their and other's life in
jeopardy. For example blue whale game, which led children to commit suicide as a
task, also games like PUBG provoked the youth to commit crime- students/youth
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carrying guns at schools and public places, and shoo?ng at random person is
nothing new in the world)
• People have become berserk and behave rudely with others (as these games affect
their sensi?ve mind and increase the level of stress) - arrogant and disobedient
2ND VIEW
• It gives thrilling experience (people who love adventure will like this kind of games
and movies as it gives them adrenaline rush)
• students and people aTer having bad day prefer to play this kind of games which
works as a stress buster for them and can refresh their mind from monotonous
lifestyle and even can channel their anger to something like this, which is harmless
80. Many doctors say that people in today's world do not do enough
physical exercise. What do you think are the causes of this? What
soluCons are there to this problem?
CAUSES
• Caught up in a rat race (they are so busy in earning money that they forget about
their most valuable asset their body and end up geRng obese), materialis?c
approach/ money minded – long job hours/ over?me
• Sedentary lifestyle/ overreliance on technology (TV, computer and other electronic
gadgets)
{1} elevator, instead of stairs
{2} vehicle, rather than cycling or walking
{3} children prefer to stay at home/indoors playing video games rather than
geRng involved in outdoor games/physical ac?vi?es
• Lack of interest/awareness about severe consequences they may face in form of
physical and mental health deteriora?on (easy to go life)
SOLUTION
• Government should make people aware about value of exercise by organizing
awareness camps and marathons (spread awareness using social media, and
encourage people to adopt ac?ve lifestyle)
• Government should provide some facility like fitness centre, gym, sports club as
well as medita?on and yoga centre for free (which will encourage more and more
people to use it)
• Companies/industries can introduce gym in office and can provide some ?me for
doing exercise (by which employees can be fit and relaxed, and can boost their
stamina and improve concentra?on power)
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• In school, physical educa?on should be made mandatory (which will help children
learn different type of exercise as well as its importance)
• Individuals can also adopt healthy work-life balance and engage in recrea?onal/
physical/adventure ac?vi?es like dancing, hiking, yoga, laughing club, medita?on,
playing sports, jogging and cycling, to name but a few (instead of being indoors all
day)
81. Some people think that higher insCtuCons should concentrate more
on academic subjects such as history and the physical sciences, while
others think that they should concentrate more on pracCcal subjects
such as car mechanics and cookery, etc. Discuss both views and give
your own opinion
1ST VIEW
• Theory subjects like history are important for their enlightenment and
understanding of our principles and values (follow them and protect them), by
learning history, modern genera?on can value their culture, tradi?on, ancestors
and freedom- don’t take them for granted (Global iden?ty) (encourage to
safeguard and protect)
(They can learn about rich heritage and culture- long history, hardships
endured by their ancestors, sacrifices made)
Or/alterna?vely,
History repeats itself
• Learn how to prevent global challenges and tackle them – World Wars, Civil Wars,
epidemic, catastrophe etc.
• There are many professions like journalism and archaeologist which require in
depth knowledge of history- beBer job opportuni?es
• Physical science can be helpful in field on research- sound knowledge of
fundamentals
• in space/defence programs, we need the informa?on about landing territory and
trajectory of missile or space shuBle which can be done by learning this academic
subjects like physics and chemistry – they can’t be performed directly without
understanding fundamentals of mathema?cs and natural forces like
electromagne?c, gravita?on and nuclear
• In sports (like in cricket it helps to understand the velocity and pace of bowl so that
by knowing it we can predict its landing direc?on as well as chance of it hiRng the
stumps, which we see generally nowadays in matches)(which we call third
umpire's view) (which also help us to improve players performance)
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• All other subjects like language and maths are also helpful for human to survive
(we do simple mathema?cs on daily basis like while purchasing grocery, stock
trading and so on, and use language to communicate)
LATTER'S VIEW
• Waste of precious ?me of student like in mugging up and cramming while learning
theory, whereas prac?cal subjects like voca?onal training courses train students to
meet industrial needs- tasks needed to perform on job- increases employability
• Encourages small scale industries and start-ups (one can start their own business-
can become entrepreneur- as they are fully skilled in their field so it can help them
to build their own empire)
• Makes people more independent and decreases reliance on others (easy day-to-
day life), car repairing and cooking on their own, mending work at home be it
leakage in drain pipe or fixing a photo frame on wall or breakdown of electronic
device
82. In many countries, the rich are becoming richer and poor are
becoming poorer. Why is this problem? What soluCons are there to
tackle this problem?
REASONS
• Lack of equal opportuni?es in the society
• Inaccessibility to quality educa?on (rich and deserving candidates, not poor and
deserving, get enrolment in leading educa?onal ins?tutes like ITI, IIM, Oxford and
Cambridge), so pursue educa?on from a local educa?onal ins?tute and they do
underpaid local jobs and spend life in poverty
• Corrup?on in government placements and exams (with boost in popula?on, job
opportuni?es for individual are decreasing by each passing day, and a wealthy gets
job by bribing or poli?cal references, whereas poor can't afford to bribe, even
though he might be the most eligible for that job he ends up having job with low
pay scale)
• Compe??on in business ( most of the economy is governed by elite people with
gigan?c businesses) – expensive and luring business outlets – local shops can't
compete them and have to shut down their small scale business (Ex. Local shops v/
s malls, street food v/s mul?-cuisine restaurants)
SOLUTIONS
• Poor should be given equal opportunity. Government should reserve some seats in
school, collage as well as in jobs (by having seats reserved for them, they can
compete with rich people, and can make their future bright)
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• Govt. should give scholarship to poor students (based on merits) for their higher
educa?on (by having scholarship, one can get quality educa?on, which makes
them eligible for jobs with lucra?ve salary)
• Government should encourage the entrepreneurs among underprivileged sects by
giving subsidized or interest free loan, tax exemp?ons and entrepreneurship ideas,
which will help them compete big companies
83. Some people think that radio is the best way to get news while
others think that television is be\er for this purpose. Discuss both views
1ST VIEW
• Radio is handy and easy to carry device-portable(as nowadays, radio comes as an
inbuilt feature in mobile phones and car so it is easy to use whenever and
wherever we want) so best way to get informa?on
• Radio works even in remote areas, whereas TV requires high strength signals
which are generally not available in these types of areas (so in remote areas like in
desert or coastal regions, radio is the best way to get news)
• Radio is affordable (poor can also afford) and doesn’t require separate accessories
and aids like electricity, setup box, remote control, cable or dish for signals –
affordable use and install everywhere- at public places and public transport etc.
2ND VIEW
• On T.V., we have visuals with audio so it gives in-depth informa?on ( by video we
can see places where incident took place and can learn tons of things about it so
without a doubt T.V is best for news), detailed coverage (radio – only audio)
• Live telecast- feel connected to that news and gets you latest updates in real ?me
from across the world- best source to keep updated
• More entertaining- never get bored as visuals keep moving in front of their eyes
(also visuals cap?vate you to watch the news ?ll the end)
• Accurate and more reliable - allows people to make their own judgement about an
incident rather than simply being dependent on narra?ve heard on radio, which
could be inaccurate, biased or misleading due to personal aRtude, poli?cal
pressure, prejudice or even exaggera?on)
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84. Over consumpCon of sugar is unhealthy. Some people think that
governments should take responsibility to control it. Others think that
individuals should take responsibility of sugar intake. Discuss both views
1ST VIEW
• Government have all rights to ban and manage the produc?on of various
consumables (by having rights, government can ban food products containing
excessive sugar and can control the level of sugar right from the process of
manufacturing which will increase the average health of country)- Restrict content
of adver?sements to lure customers and tempt them to eat sugary products
• Huge popula?on is illiterate so government can organise awareness programmes
though campaigns, adver?sements, folk plays and dramas and educa?onal
seminars- consequences of overconsump?on of sugar- Diabetes and obesity – root
causes of a lot of deadly diseases (Healthy and balanced diet- Calorie chart)
• Children are naïve and immature- can’t judge what is good and bad for them-
Some?mes, children don’t listen to their patents too- Government can make
‘Health and Fitness’ a mandatory subject in school curriculum, and aware children
right from young age to keep healthy and avoid overconsump?on of poten?ally
deadly yet tasty- sugar (Calorie chart)
2ND VIEW
• Consequences of overconsump?on of sugar are to be borne by individuals and the
genera?ons to come (Diabetes can be passed on in heredity), and not the
government- it is an ar?ficial, intangible authority by law- headed by group
individuals only (if we avoid, we live happy)
• Government can only spread awareness among people, but it is people’s tendency
to overlook the long term harsh consequences and embrace temporary pleasure.
So it is an individual’s responsibility to look aTer oneself- resis?ng tempta?on of
sugary products (as one knows his/her body so can take beBer care of it). They can
use alterna?ves to sugar (ar?ficial sweeteners/date paste/honey, by taking
alterna?ves of sugary products one can sa?sfy their craving for sweet) – an
individual is the final decision maker
• In this modern world, an individual has to be self-aware about minor issues of day-
to-day life, and overconsump?on of sugar is one of them, compared to threats
posed by issues like climate change, global warming and overpopula?on.
Government can’t keep on reminding people every day- Government has a lot of
other important responsibili?es to deal with like defense, administra?on and law
and order, beyond comba?ng with climate change, global warming and
overpopula?on -so one has to choose between happiness and suffering on their
own
Page 59 of 71
85. People live longer today and so people should stay in the workforce
longer. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• It will help them to be self-sufficient (by working longer, they can sa?sfy all their
needs without any financial pressure on their children(Medical problems,
clothes)so their children will not have any burden of older ones and can focus on
development of themselves and their career)
• Keep them away from sedentary lifestyle- as they are living longer, it will be beBer
for them to spend their ?me doing some produc?ve work rather than siRng
ideally on home. (this will help them to engage themselves in some task as siRng
on home will affect their health(mentally ac?ve, some physical movement of body
will keep them to stay ac?ve))
• Experience counts: their experience will help company or the government to grow
and they can train young genera?on beBer (share their exper?se and pass on their
experience). As they have lot of experience, their experience can be used for
development of country as they know all the ethics of work and they can use their
life experience while taking some important decision.
DISAGREE
• They cannot cope up with pace of work in companies (nowadays, companies
demand quick and efficient work. Due to their age, they will not be able to fulfil
this demand of companies as their age will be major hinderance in comple?ng the
task. This will reduce their work efficiency and might end up losing their job and
self-esteem)
• Job opportuni?es for youngsters will decrease (if older people work for long period
of ?me, there will be less job vacancies for the youngsters which will hike
unemployment in the country)
86. Money should be spent on creaCng new public buildings such as
museums or town halls rather than renovaCng the exisCng ones. To
DISAGREE
• Renova?on of buildings can be more economical than building a whole new
structure from scratch (cost of raw materials and labour) saving a lot of money for
government to spend on other necessary issues- educa?on and health- cost
effec?ve
• Some old public buildings are masterpieces of architecture- gems of civil
engineering- Parliament House (built by Bri?sh during their rule) - major source of
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knowledge for current architects to observe and get inspired to mould it in a
modern way- necessary to maintain
• Some museums and community buildings built during earlier centuries are great
sources of foreign revenue- aBracts foreign tourists – and loss of such buildings
would be loss of vital foreign visitors and revenue- beneficial to maintain
• Some ancient public buildings reflect our art, culture and rich heritage- we must
preserve and renovate to keep our rich legacy alive- global iden?ty, instead of
building new one
AGREE
• Crea?ng new buildings would allow government to structure it keeping in mind the
current needs like proper ven?la?on, liTs, heavy duty air condi?oners and other
technological equipment, interac?ve conference halls etc. (very much needed in
public buildings like libraries and offices) which is not possible in case of
renova?on (because most of the ?me it needs restructuring of building)
• Mul?ple renova?ons make places like museums lose its charm by spoiling the real
essence, instead a whole new structure would be beBer in that case
• In renova?ons, we cannot alter the strength of the building from the base- making
it s?ll vulnerable to situa?ons like earthquakes (old buildings were not built
keeping in mind such high scale earthquakes which we face today), and it is very
important because these buildings are oTen crowded with people
87. All the people in a company should be treated equally and provided
with the same number of vacaCons in a year. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• For a company/business/firm/organiza?on to prosper, it is very important for
every employee to be treated equally in order for them to work with enthusiasm
and have the sense of belonging regardless of designa?on- equality- equal
treatment – team as a whole
• In most workplaces, all the employees whether a senior working in a higher post
(Manager- mentally challenging job) or an employee working at the lowest level
of hierarchy (Labourer- physically strenuous) , experience almost the same level of
workload and therefore need the same number of vaca?ons to just relax and be
back with fresh minds and rejuvenated physique which would ul?mately help the
company so it’s a win-win situa?on for both
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DISAGREE
• Having a system where everybody is provided with benefits according to their
post would help to keep the healthy compe??ve spirit alive among employees to
get promo?on and enjoy the benefits that come with it- like vaca?ons and respect
that come with higher posi?on(otherwise some employees may not show growth
in their performance as a result of being sa?sfied with what is given to them)
• Also, not every employee gives the same quality of output to the company, and it
would be unfair to those who work harder if everybody is given the same benefits
which ul?mately would make them demo?vated and less interested to give their
best
88. Some people say that a person's success is a result of the way he has
been brought up by his parents. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• The environment that children are provided with in early age affects their future
and if they are brought up in disciplined environment as well as given liberty to
explore interests, they are much likely to achieve success
• Also, parents help/make children develop small habits from childhood like reading
or keeping yourself occupied with learning something new which most of the ?me
unknowingly becomes the reason for success
• Parents also give their children a sense of judgment and ability to choose what is
right for them which is very important to excel in any field
DISAGREE
• In most Indian families children are brought up in a way that keeps focus only in
studies, but clearly it is not the only important thing and there have been many
successful people in other fields, who ini?ally were not supported but s?ll
managed to succeed, Mahendra Singh Dhoni
• Also, how a person achieves success cannot only be dependent on the upbringing
since there are many other factors like passion, hard work and perseverance -
involved in it, which people learn during the course of the life
• Experiences of life, some?mes, have more influence than parental guidance- a
doctor’s child is not necessarily a doctor and an auto-rickshaw driver’s child is not
necessarily the same – though they been brought up in such atmosphere –
Interest, ability to take risks, decision making power, favour of luck- Dhirubhai
Ambani
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89. Public celebraCons (such as naConal days, fesCvals etc.) are held in
most countries. These are oben quite expensive, and some people say
that governments should spend money on more useful things. Do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• In developing countries like India where half the popula?on is deprived of basic
necessi?es, it is not jus?fied for government to spend huge amount of money on
celebra?ng fes?vals instead this money can beBer be spent in solving those
problems which determine the survival of people (food, shelter, educa?on etc.)
• Also, the true growth of a na?on is determined by its economy, and, for a na?on
to be powerful economically, more money should be invested in businesses,
genera?ng employment and increasing manufacturing units within the country so
that it can contribute towards a country’s GDP (gross domes?c product)
DISAGREE
• Public celebra?ons are either related to culture and tradi?on of a country or
connected to the rich history of it and people who contributed in it - thus -
important to celebrate- cultural iden?ty (keeps culture and tradi?on alive) and
tribute to great historical figures
• Also, the benefits that these celebra?ons have to offer cannot be neglected. For
example, in India, a celebra?on like Kumbh Mela aBracts millions of people from
different countries increasing tourism to a great level in the country
• These celebra?ons give people especially the middle class and poor ones a chance
to forget all the stress that they feel during normal days and just spend ?me with
their family and friends, and, with government celebra?ng these fes?vals and
events, we can see those lines between religions being blurred and people from
different culture taking part in all the celebra?ons
90. Online educaCon and training are becoming increasingly popular in
the business world. Do the advantages of this development outweigh
the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• This development enables a company to train and educate its employees without
actually arranging special classes or training sessions which saves a lot of money
for them (rent of auditorium or conference room, travelling, food and
accommoda?on expenses)
• Companies having mul?ple offices/campuses- Global companies- can train all the
employees at the same ?me without having to worry about ?me and space which
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would be very hard to manage in tradi?onal method, day-to-day work is not
hampered as well- no domes?c or interna?onal travelling
• It is very important for companies to keep its employees updated with new
technologies and machinery across the world and online training provides the
best and quickest way possible- Global updates, interna?onal trainers from
different countries
DISADVANTAGES
• In cases where employees have to operate a new machine or equipment, the
online training would not be that much successful because, for employees to be
able to operate those machinery, they would require a physical demonstra?on
and a chance to work on it for a while which is not possible while siRng at home
• Also, effec?veness of these web-based courses ques?onable due to lack of
interpersonal interac?on making it difficult for trainer or a company to evaluate
the response from the trainees, and the lack of engagement makes it boring for
91. Some people think that sports involving Violence, such as boxing and
marCal arts, should be banned from TV as well as from internaConal
sporCng compeCCons. To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• by watching this type of sports, children may imitate all those aggressive moves at
home which might injure them physically so telecas?ng of these sports on TV
must be banned.
• These sports put life at jeopardy as it includes a lot of aggression and risk (fierce
punch, Kicks on some sensi?ve body parts (Skull, heart, lungs)). Therefore,
banning these sports from all compe??ve spor?ng events is essen?al.
DISAGREE
• For some folks, it is the opportunity to show the world their capability and
strength- in a safer manner, and they want to build their career in this kind of
sports so it is necessary to con?nue these sports rather than puRng a ban.
• If these events are banned, players, organisers and sponsors might suffer a huge
loss. These events are full of excitement and thrill, people love to have this kind of
head to head compe??on and spend huge amounts to buy ?ckets so banning it
will have a huge loss for organizers as well sponsors. Players associated with such
events may end up jobless.
• A form of entertainment – like ac?on movies- enough precau?ons are taken – are
performed in the presence of expert coaches and medical team- so safe
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92. Some people think that the main factors influencing a child’s
development these days are things such as television, friends and music.
Others believe that the family sCll remains more important. Discuss
both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• friends play vital role in development of child as they spend most of the ?mes in
school with friends (As they spend majority of ?mes with their friends, they start
to adopt behaviour and habits same as their friends) - parents are occupied at
workplaces – both parents working
• Watching reality shows like – Britain’s Got Talent, children get influenced to
discover hidden talent within. Cannels like Discovery and Na?onal Geographic-
abundant knowledge - On the other hand, watching violent shows affects their
mind. They become aggressive by watching this kind of shows as they are not
mature enough to bifurcate between real and reel life.
• Music ignites all areas of child development and skills for school readiness,
including intellectual, social-emo?onal, motor, language, and overall literacy. It
helps the body and the mind work together. Exposing children to music during
early development helps them learn the sounds and meanings of words.
2ND VIEW
• Right from their birth, they have been staying with their parents and their way of
behaving depends totally on atmosphere of family. For example, if family follows a
proper tradi?on and culture during up bringing of child, it will have a major
impact on child. Children from joint family- close to culture and tradi?on
• Grandparents are child’s first friends and considerably influence their behaviour
and thinking- Children from joint family are more social and obedient; children
from nuclear family are stubborn and self-centred
93. Some people argue that the fi\est, strongest individuals and teams
can achieve the greatest success in sports. But other people think that
success is as much related to mental aftude. Discuss both views and
give your opinion.
1ST VIEW:
• being physically fit will provide a comfort to any sportsperson to stay ac?ve on the
field because this will allow them to give their 100% (Games like football and
cricket demands a different level of fitness as without it, it will be difficult for
players to compete)- unfit cricketers have always underperformed e.g. Virendra
Sehwag and Inzamam-ul-Haq- such players reduces winning chances of a team
and put extra pressure on remaining players
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• having a good body figure will keep them away from some of injuries (hamstring
strain, low back pain, side strain). Due to these injuries, they would not be able to
perform up to the mark. So staying physically strong will help them avoid major
injuries and achieve success.
• With mental strength one can be strong enough to never give up, but hiRng six
sixes in last six balls to win requires strength and fitness- not just mental strength.
Without physical strength, it is not possible to hit a ball thrown at you at a speed
of over 140 Km/hr, beyond 80 meters of distance each ?me unless you have
massive physical strength and perfect mind and body coordina?on.
2ND VIEW
• being mentally stable is important as at some cri?cal and decisive stage of game,
taking vital decision becomes more vital at that point, which can only be taken
with composed mind so having a good mental awareness helps players to take
right steps for beBerment of team and achieve success- avoiding sledging in
cricket- many fit and strong batsman get out easily when provoked by sledging –
mental strength necessary to fight and succeed
• having mental stability will help players to maintain discipline of the game which
is beneficial for them to maintain a good sportsmen spirit. It will help them to
achieve a good fame across the game
• In mind sports like chess, Sudoku and puzzle, mental aRtude is the only strength
to gain victory- no role of fitness and physical strength
94. Some people become famous when they are at a young age. Do you
think this is posiCve or negaCve?
POSITIVE
• If people become famous at young age, it will mo?vate them to con?nue their
path of success. They will work with more dedica?on as they will understand that
their hard work is cheered by the people and this will help them to progress and
succeed more
• Young famous figures influence others in the society to work harder and become
famous at young age – mo?va?on and guiding path for others – Sachin Tendulkar
NEGATIVE
• Achieving fame will make them cocksure. Due to their popularity, they might
behave arrogantly with the people around them. This kind of behaviour would
reduce their stardom achieved by hard work- may not be able to digest success
and may derail from the path of success to misery: drugs, party, clubs and pubs,
late night shows, alcohol
Page 66 of 71
• ATer becoming famous, they would be exposed to public which might affect their
personal life. They may be uncomfortable as they have to look aTer their moves
while leaving their home which will be difficult for them to manage- compromised
privacy at a very young age
95. As technology translates quickly and accurately, learning foreign
languages is a waste of Cme. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• People travel to mul?ple ci?es for business or travel purpose. While travelling to
different countries, it is not possible to learn languages of all the regions they visit
so languages transla?on applica?on on mobile can be useful to understand: some
important instruc?ons, common phrases, basic words to help communicate like
gree?ngs- KHOB-KHUN-KA/KRAB in Thailand – easy to survive – no need to learn
the whole language
• Some transla?on soTware can translate sentences in real ?me- it can help
translate live conversa?ons of mee?ngs and speeches – soTware used in UN
assembly when representa?ves of all member countries gather and share
opinions and concerns - human brain is not as efficient as technology to translate
mul?ple languages quickly and accurately
DISAGREE
• Technology is unable to process emo?onal aspect associated in language: ironic
statements, anger or idioms showing anger or dissa?sfac?on – tone of language –
metaphor – figura?ve expressions – some?mes leads to misunderstanding or
even disaster
• Transla?ng language requires uninterrupted internet connec?on which is not
possible in all the cases: desert area, some islands, phone is stolen or damaged,
internet package is over, in case of bus or train accident on a foreign travel, poor
internet connec?on
• By learning foreign language, one can understand intona?ons and pronuncia?ons
which can help them to communicate easily. (For example, when individuals travel
abroad, having a proper tone of language becomes vital as it will help them to
communicate easily without any barrier)
96. Many feel that going to the gym is the best way to stay fit. Others
think there are more effecCve methods. Discuss both views and give
your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
Page 67 of 71
• Gym contains large varie?es of equipments for each and every exercise which will
help individuals to workout according to their needs. (For example, everyone
needs different exercise to have a fit body according to their body structures:
cardio, upper body, lower body, excess calorie burning plan, muscle strengthening
plan, immunity booster plan, weight loss plan, weight gain plan etc.) So going to
gym helps individual to have a fit body
• Personal aBen?on by expert trainers is also a major facility provided by Gyms. The
guidance from these trained trainers helps people to give their body a perfect
shape with proper and effec?ve exercise, diet plans and regular follow-ups. So it is
beBer to hit gym for staying fit and healthy.
2ND VIEW
• As for some who do not have ?me to go to gym, they can perform some basic
exercise like yoga by taking guidance from internet which can help them stay
healthy- muscle and body flexibility and improved immunity
• Following a proper diet is also a vital step for keeping themselves healthy. Taking
balanced diet (diet containing proper amount of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins,
minerals) is also helpful for them to maintain posi?ve body image – avoiding food
rich in cholesterol and fat
• People can also develop a habit of cycling, running, and jogging early in the
morning to live a healthy lifestyle. These ac?vi?es will help them develop their
stamina which will make them more ac?ve towards their work. In addi?on, doing
these ac?vi?es early will also improve their respiratory cycle.
97. Many crimes are oben related to the consumpCon of alcohol some
people think that the best way to reduce the crime rate is to ban
alcohol.Do you think this is an effecCve measure against crime? 
What other soluCon can you suggest?
• Banning alcohol will reduce crimes like domes?c violence, verbal or physical
abuse, rape and sexual harassment because it is oTen seen that most of the
criminals are found drunk while they commit this type of crimes. Therefore,
puRng ban on these products will mi?gate the ra?o of these crimes- common
cases of bea?ng up wife and children under influence of alcohol
• Moreover, numbers of hit and run cases and road accidents are increasing and the
main reason behind this is over consump?on of alcohol. Alcohol products must be
banned by the government which will reduce the accident casual?es
• Other solu?ons:
• Imposing strict laws against any crime is essen?al as nowadays criminals look for
loop holes in each and every law and try to challenge the law in courts. So
forming new and strict laws is one of the best ways to reduce crime.
Page 68 of 71
• Increasing police patrolling in remote areas is also one of the ways to reduce the
crime. People will fear to commit crime in those areas where there is less
surveillance and crime like rapes, burglary and murders can be reduced.
• Efficient staff and technologically advanced police departments: officers must be
ac?ve and fit to fight crimes like homicide, burglary and chain snatching- chasing
or confron?ng face to face. CCTV surveillance, patrolling vans, staff training for
quick response and quick back-up, IT room, arms and ammuni?ons –
technologically advanced
98. The prevenCon of health problems and illnesses is more important
than treatment and medicine. Government funding should reflect this.
To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• The treatment of fatal diseases like cancer/HIV has become very expensive for
common people to bear, but proper funding from the side of government can
help to increase awareness among people about what causes these diseases and
what changes they have to make in their lifestyle to avoid them. If people follow,
they will no longer need to pay those heTy bills of hospitals
• Also, highly contagious diseases like COVID-19 doesn’t take long to spread and can
in no ?me turn into a pandemic/epidemic therefore, to stop its spread in ini?al
phase, focus should be on preven?on (campaigns about health monitoring
strategies/sanita?on/social distancing) because once it reaches to enough people,
no amount of medical facili?es would be enough
• Spending money on encouraging people to live healthy life (building sports
facili?es, gymnasiums) and maintaining hygiene in country would solve most of
the health problems ul?mately lessening the burden on government to spend
large shares on medical facili?es
DISAGREE
• Treatment and medicine are also equally important because our lifestyles are
such that in one way or the other (the food we eat, physical ac?vity, addic?ons to
alcohol and smoking) people will get affected by diseases and will need
treatment- some?mes intensive care also. Therefore, it cannot be overlooked by
government in terms of budget
• Also, not all diseases can be prevented or there is certainly no surety of it and
some are also hereditary like diabetes, and, in all cases, proper treatment and
medicines would be needed and since people pay taxes to government, they have
right to expect well equipped health care system which they can depend on if
they catch any illness
Page 69 of 71
99. Some people think that it is acceptable to use animals in medical
research for the benefits of human beings, while other people argue
that it is wrong. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• The major reason why we have been able to successfully develop some
medicines/vaccines of very fatal diseases is tes?ng it firstly on animals having
similar characteris?cs to human to closely examine the effect and reac?ons before
releasing it for public use – vital, as human lives are too precious to be used for
experiments
• Also, lots of diseases have been transferred from animals to humans ( Zoono?c
influenza like Bird Flu) due to living in a close proximity with them or ea?ng them-
making it very important to use them in medical research to find a cure of those
illnesses
• Using animals like mice and rats at some level becomes jus?fied to many people
when it helps in saving a lot of human lives which we consider the most valuable
thing
2ND VIEW
• Looking from a different viewpoint, it seems rather selfish to just use animals as a
tes?ng machine to fulfil our needs making their life less valuable to ours which is
definitely sufficient reason to make people feel it is wrong
• We live in a world full of technology and innova?ons, and it is hard to believe for
some people that we are not able to find an alterna?ve to it and recent
developments like computer models simula?ng human body and “organs-on-
chip” have proved that there is no way tes?ng on animals is the only op?on
available
• The tests on animals have not always been successful (as a result of them being
different gene?cally and not able to communicate about what they feel) in fact
the success rate is very low making people think if it is really worth to put the
innocent animal’s lives at risk
100. Climate change is a phenomenon that affects countries all over the
world. Many people strongly believe that it is the responsibility of
individuals, rather than corporaCons and governments, to deal with this
problem. To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• Every major change has to start with the small steps taken by people and
although it doesn’t seem that much effec?ve to an individual, a wider picture is
Page 70 of 71
very effec?ve (small things like avoiding plas?c in any form possible, recycling,
waste management, op?ng for public transport)
• As we all contribute to global warming through the cumula?ve impacts of our
ac?ons, the responsibility falls in our hands in terms of what we give back to the
nature instead of just using it in any way possible for our selfish needs since we
are totally dependent on it and the sufferings these clima?c shiTs will cause
would have to be borne by people individually
• People have the power to force companies change their produc?on paBerns to
more sustainable methods by changing their consump?on paBerns on a large
scale (if more people start avoiding packaged goods (plas?c wraps or bags), these
companies will be forced to find an alterna?ve
DISAGREE
• These problems are too big to be dealt individually since it requires planetary-
scale reforms, and government has the power to implement legisla?on that
compels individuals to act sustainably and industries to maintain sustainable
emission limits and adhere to environmental protec?on standards
• Most clima?c changes are due to energy produc?on and consump?on (oil, coal
and gas (releases greenhouse gases)) and an individual cannot just start using
other forms (solar, wind) un?l and unless government makes it accessible and
affordable to common people
• Government is responsible for global problem and not people, and one of the
reasons why it is elected in the first place is to protect the ci?zens and since
clima?c shiTs bring lots of problems regarding well-being of people
(cardiovascular and respiratory diseases), government should be hold responsible
to act
Page 71 of 71

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100 Essay Topic

• Educa?on has no end to it

• Modern business signiﬁcantly emphasises on communica?on and collabora?on

• Environmental Degrada?on – water/soil pollu?on (disposing of waste in water

• Reading is an important study skill which plays crucial role in academic

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