1. Who is considered the "Father of Modern Genetics"?

a) Gregor Mendel [Answer] b) Charles

Darwin c) James Watson d) Francis Crick

2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Mendelian inheritance? a) Dominant-recessive

relationship b) Law of Segregation c) Law of Independent Assortment d) Polygenic inheritance
[Answer]

3. What is the term used to describe an alternative form of a gene? a) Trait b) Locus c) Allele
[Answer] d) Genotype

4. How many alleles does an individual inherit for a particular gene? a) One b) Two [Answer] c)
Three d) Four

5. In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, what is the ratio of phenotypes in the F2 generation of
a monohybrid cross? a) 1:2:1 [Answer] b) 3:1 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:1

6. In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, what is the ratio of genotypes in the F2 generation of
a monohybrid cross? a) 1:2:1 b) 3:1 [Answer] c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:1

7. In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, what is the ratio of phenotypes in the F2 generation of
a dihybrid cross? a) 1:2:1 b) 3:1 c) 9:3:3:1 [Answer] d) 1:1

8. In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, what is the ratio of genotypes in the F2 generation of
a dihybrid cross? a) 1:2:1 b) 3:1 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:1:2:2:4:1:2:1:1 [Answer]

9. What is the term used to describe an individual with two different alleles for a particular gene?
a) Heterozygous [Answer] b) Homozygous c) Dominant d) Recessive

10. What is the term used to describe an individual with two identical alleles for a particular gene?
a) Heterozygous b) Homozygous [Answer] c) Dominant d) Recessive

11. If a pea plant with the genotype Rr is crossed with a pea plant with the genotype rr, what is the
probability of offspring with the genotype Rr? a) 25% b) 50% [Answer] c) 75% d) 100%

12. Which of the following represents a dominant trait? a) tt b) Tt [Answer] c) tt d) TT

13. Which of the following represents a recessive trait? a) BB b) Bb c) bb [Answer] d) BB

14. A couple has a child with blood type O. Which of the following blood types is NOT possible for
the parents? a) Type A b) Type B c) Type AB [Answer] d) Type O

15. In humans, the allele for blue eyes (B) is dominant to the allele for brown eyes (b). If a person
with blue eyes (Bb) has a child with a person with brown eyes (bb), what is the probability of
their child having blue eyes? a) 25% b) 50% [Answer] c) 75% d) 100%

16. In humans, attached earlobes (EE or Ee) are dominant to free earlobes (ee). If a person with
attached earlobes (Ee) has a child with a person with free earlobes (ee), what is the probability
of their child having attached earlobes? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 100%

17. A plant with the genotype TtRr is crossed with a plant with the genotype TTRr. What is the
probability of offspring with the genotype TTRr? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 100%
18. Which of the following represents a dihybrid cross? a) A cross between two plants with different
flower colors b) A cross between two plants with different stem heights c) A cross between two
plants that differ in two traits [Answer] d) A cross between two plants with different leaf shapes

19. In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant to green seeds (y), and round seeds (R) are
dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). If a plant with the genotype YyRr is crossed with a plant with the
genotype yyrr, what is the probability of offspring with the genotype YyRr? a) 0% b) 25%
[Answer] c) 50% d) 100%

20. What is the term used to describe the physical expression of a genotype? a) Trait [Answer] b)
Locus c) Allele d) Genotype

21. A couple has a child with cystic fibrosis, a recessive genetic disorder. What can be said about the
parents? a) Both parents must be carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene [Answer] b) Only one parent
must be a carrier of the cystic fibrosis gene c) Neither parent can be a carrier of the cystic
fibrosis gene d) Cystic fibrosis is not a genetic disorder

22. In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant to white eyes (r), and long wings (L) are dominant to
short wings (l). If a fly with the genotype RrLl is crossed with a fly with the genotype rrll, what is
the probability of offspring with the genotype RrLl? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d) 100%

23. What is the term used to describe the allele combination that masks the expression of another
allele? a) Dominant [Answer] b) Recessive c) Homozygous d) Heterozygous

24. A plant with the genotype PpTt is crossed with a plant with the genotype PpTt. What is the
probability of offspring with the genotype ppTt? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 100%

25. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). If two rabbits heterozygous for black fur are
crossed, what is the probability of offspring with white fur? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% d) 75%
[Answer]

26. In humans, the allele for attached earlobes (E) is dominant to the allele for free earlobes (e). If a
person with free earlobes (ee) has a child with a person with attached earlobes (Ee), what is the
probability of their child having free earlobes? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d) 100%

27. In dogs, the allele for short hair (S) is dominant to the allele for long hair (s). If a short-haired dog
(Ss) is crossed with a long-haired dog (ss), what is the probability of offspring with long hair? a)
0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 100%

28. In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant to green seeds (y). If a plant with yellow seeds is
crossed with a plant with green seeds, and all the offspring have yellow seeds, what can be
concluded about the genotype of the green-seeded parent? a) The green-seeded parent must
be homozygous recessive (yy) [Answer] b) The green-seeded parent must be homozygous
dominant (YY) c) The green-seeded parent must be heterozygous (Yy) d) The genotype of the
green-seeded parent cannot be determined

29. In rabbits, the allele for black fur (B) is incompletely dominant to the allele for white fur (b). If a
black rabbit (BB) is crossed with a white rabbit (bb), what is the phenotype of the offspring? a)
All black fur b) All white fur c) Half black fur, half white fur [Answer] d) Gray fur
30. In chickens, the allele for feathered wings (F) is dominant to the allele for wingless (f). If two
heterozygous feathered-winged chickens are crossed, what is the probability of offspring with
wingless wings? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% d) 75% [Answer]

31. In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant to white eyes (r). If two flies heterozygous for red eyes
are crossed, what is the probability of offspring with white eyes? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50%
d) 75%

32. In humans, the allele for attached earlobes (E) is dominant to the allele for free earlobes (e). If a
person with attached earlobes (EE) has a child with a person with free earlobes (ee), what is the
genotype of their child? a) EE b) Ee [Answer] c) ee d) Cannot be determined

33. In snapdragons, red flowers (RR) are incompletely dominant to white flowers (rr). If a red
snapdragon is crossed with a white snapdragon, what is the phenotype of the offspring? a) All
red flowers b) All white flowers c) All pink flowers [Answer] d) Some red flowers, some white
flowers

34. In humans, the allele for widows peak (W) is dominant to the allele for straight hairline (w). If a
person with a widows peak (Ww) has a child with a person with a straight hairline (ww), what is
the probability of their child having a widows peak? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 100%

35. In corn plants, purple kernels (P) are dominant to yellow kernels (p). If a plant with purple
kernels is crossed with a plant with yellow kernels, and all the offspring have purple kernels,
what can be concluded about the genotype of the yellow-kernel parent? a) The yellow-kernel
parent must be homozygous recessive (pp) [Answer] b) The yellow-kernel parent must be
homozygous dominant (PP) c) The yellow-kernel parent must be heterozygous (Pp) d) The
genotype of the yellow-kernel parent cannot be determined

36. In guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant to smooth coat (r). If two guinea pigs heterozygous for
rough coat are crossed, what is the probability of offspring with smooth coat? a) 0% b) 25% c)
50% [Answer] d) 75%

37. In humans, the allele for dimples (D) is dominant to the allele for no dimples (d). If a person with
dimples (DD) has a child with a person with no dimples (dd), what is the genotype of their child?
a) DD b) Dd [Answer] c) dd d) Cannot be determined

38. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). If two rabbits heterozygous for black fur are
crossed, what is the probability of offspring with black fur? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% [Answer] d) 75%

39. In chickens, the allele for feathered wings (F) is dominant to the allele for wingless (f). If a
feathered-winged chicken (FF) is crossed with a wingless chicken (ff), what is the phenotype of
the offspring? a) All feathered wings b) All wingless [Answer] c) Half feathered wings, half
wingless d) Cannot be determined

40. In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant to white eyes (r). If a red-eyed fly (RR) is crossed with a
white-eyed fly (rr), what is the genotype of the F1 generation? a) RR b) Rr [Answer] c) rr d)
Cannot be determined
 41. In humans, the allele for attached earlobes (E) is dominant to the allele for free earlobes (e). If a
person with attached earlobes (EE) has a child with a person with free earlobes (ee), what is the
probability of their child having attached earlobes? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% d) 100% [Answer]

42. In rabbits, the allele for black fur (B) is incompletely dominant to the allele for white fur (b). If a
black rabbit (BB) is crossed with a white rabbit (bb), what is the phenotype of the offspring? a)
All black fur b) All white fur c) All gray fur [Answer] d) Some black fur, some white fur

43. In guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant to smooth coat (r). If a guinea pig with a rough coat
(Rr) has a child with a guinea pig with a smooth coat (rr), what is the probability of their child
having a smooth coat? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d) 100%

44. In humans, the allele for hitchhiker's thumb (H) is dominant to the allele for straight thumb (h).
If a person with hitchhiker's thumb (Hh) has a child with a person with straight thumb (hh), what
is the phenotype of their child? a) Hitchhiker's thumb [Answer] b) Straight thumb c) Both
hitchhiker's thumb and straight thumb d) Cannot be determined

45. In chickens, the allele for feathered wings (F) is dominant to the allele for wingless (f). If a
feathered-winged chicken (Ff) is crossed with a wingless chicken (ff), what is the genotype of the
offspring? a) FF b) Ff c) ff [Answer] d) Cannot be determined

46. In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant to white eyes (r). If two flies heterozygous for red eyes
are crossed, what is the probability of offspring with red eyes? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d)
75%

47. In humans, the allele for attached earlobes (E) is dominant to the allele for free earlobes (e). If a
person with attached earlobes (EE) has a child with a person with free earlobes (ee), what is the
genotype of their child? a) EE b) Ee c) ee [Answer] d) Cannot be determined

48. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). If a black rabbit (Bb) is crossed with a white
rabbit (bb), what is the probability of offspring with black fur? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d)
75%

49. In guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant to smooth coat (r). If a guinea pig with a rough coat
(RR) is crossed with a guinea pig with a smooth coat (rr), what is the phenotype of the F1
generation? a) All rough coat b) All smooth coat [Answer] c) Half rough coat, half smooth coat d)
Cannot be determined

50. In humans, the allele for hitchhiker's thumb (H) is dominant to the allele for straight thumb (h).
If a person with hitchhiker's thumb (Hh) has a child with a person with straight thumb (hh), what
is the probability of their child having hitchhiker's thumb? a) 0% b) 25% [Answer] c) 50% d) 100%

Answer Key:

1. a) Gregor Mendel

2. d) Polygenic inheritance

3. c) Allele

4. b) Two
5. a) 1:2:1

6. b) 3:1

7. c) 9:3:3:1

8. d) 1:1:2:2:4:1:2:1:1

9. c) Recessive

10. a) Homozygous dominant

11. b) Phenotype

12. c) Punnett square

13. b) 50%

14. a) Type A

15. b) 50%

16. c) 50%

17. c) 50%

18. c) A cross between two plants that differ in two traits

19. b) 25%

20. a) Trait

21. a) Both parents must be carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene

22. b) 25%

23. a) Dominant

24. c) 50%

25. d) Cannot be determined

26. b) 25%

27. c) 50%

28. a) The green-seeded parent must be homozygous recessive (yy)

29. c) Half black fur, half white fur

30. d) 75%

31. b) 25%

32. b) Ee

33. c) All pink flowers

34. a) 0%

35. a) The yellow-kernel parent must be homozygous recessive (pp)

36. c) 50%

37. b) Dd

38. c) 50%

39. b) All wingless

40. b) Rr

41. d) 100%

42. c) All gray fur

43. b) 25%

44. a) Hitchhiker's thumb

45. c) ff

46. b) 25%

47. c) ee

48. b) 25%

49. b) All smooth coat

50. b) 25%