DC to AC

Inverter (Part 3)
KZ4113: Power Electronics
SET 1 (RADIN)

Reading Material: EVERY STUDENT MUST

READ
Chapter 8
Power Electronics Converters, Application
and Design
Total Harmonic Distortion

Total harmonic distortion is the ratio of the components of

harmonics over the fundamental frequency

Pure sine has only 1 fundamental component without harmonics

Ideally, we want only the fundamental component of the Fourier.

A sine with good purity has less than 5% THD
 Total Harmonic
Distortion
Remember from previous lecture, any symmetrical
waveform can be represented by sum of sine of
different frequency (multiple of fundamental)

In the case of AC grid, we only want the

fundamental frequency (50Hz). All the
other harmonics is unwanted. These
harmonics contribute to large THD
 Three Phase Inverter

• Three inverter legs; capacitor mid-point is fictitious.

•For easy understanding, each half bridge is seen as independent voltage source. In mohan textbook (Fig above) neutral is
labelled at the negative of voltage source not midpoint. In the lecture slide however, we label the o as neutral for easier
understanding
SPWM Three
Phase
Modulation
Three Phase Inverter
WYE LOAD Va Vb Vc

vs Q1 Q3 Q5
2
N a
Vs b c
vs
2 Q2 Q4 Q6

Can be visualized as
Each of the half bridge
can be imagined as an
independent voltage
source referenced to
the common N neutral
point
If we filter the pulses, each half
bridge can be described as
Va Va = d a Vs X 0.5
N Vb = d b Vs X 0.5
Vb Vc = d c Vs X 0.5
Vc Where da, db, dc is the duty cycle
normalized from -1 to 1 for each half
bridge. Vs is the constant DC. Require a
larger DC link voltage
 THREE PHASE INVERTER
HALF
This is the topology
BRIDGE that requires the least Va Vb Vc

Lf number of switches
vs Q1
2
a TH
PH REE
Vs o vao Cf
vs
Q2 R LOAD AS
2
E
One half bridge
This is the WYE LOAD
common
vs
topology of
2
three phase N a N
Vs b
inverter which c
vs
is consisted of 2
three half
bridge block
 Full Bridge Three Phase Inverter
FULL vs
2

BRIDGE THREE Vs
vs
N

PHASE 2

Lf
vs Q1 Q3
2
WYE LOAD
o a
Vs vao - vbo = vo
b Cf N
vs
2 Q2 Q4 R LOAD

This topology is not used because it requires too

much switches (twelve). Advantage is double
voltage compared to half bridge:
Va = d a Vs
Can be visualized as
Vb = d b Vs
Vc = d c Vs Va
Where da, db, dc (-1 to 1) is the normalized duty cycle for each bridge. Vs is the N
constant DC. Require a smaller DC link voltage. Each bridge can be imagined as Vb
independent voltage source relative to neutral point Vc
 Three Phase Inverter
• Mainly used for motor
drive because motor
require three phase
• We will cover more on
three phase inverter Block diagram
during motor drive
classes and motor drive
assignment 2
• Motor drive is to
maintain a constant flux
at the motor air gap
through current control

Three Phase Motor Drive

Control loop control

Desired Error
current

Current can be controlled by closed loop PI controller

Control Loop Control
More easily current can be controlled by closed loop tolerance
band controller.

Once current is controlled everything else (voltage or motor

speed and torque) can be controlled indirectly.