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    Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley Aad Express Publishing AdO) TIdWVS 338d JIVS YOd LON Published by Express Publishing Liberty House, Greenham Business Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG19 6HW, United Kingdom Tel. (0044) 1635 817 363 Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463 email: inquiries@expresspublishing.co.uk www.expresspublishing,co.uk © Virginia Evans — Jenny Dooley, 2010 Design and Illustration © Express Publishing, 2010 Ilustrations: Victor, Kyr, Angela, Simon Andrews © Express Publishing, 2010 First published 2010 Fifth impression 2015 Made in EU All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. This book is not meant to be changed in any way. ISBN. 978-1-84974-763-9 Contents Starter/Module 1 1 The verbs ‘to be’, ‘have got’, ‘can’, Pronouns — Possessive adjectives ~ Possessive case 2. Present Simple — Present Continuous 3. Comparatives - Superlatives - Too/Enough - 4 Nouns (Plurals/Countable/ Uncountable) 5 Alot offMuch/Many ~ A few/Few — A little/Little 6 Prepositions of place, time & Movement srs iee 7 Question words .. Exploring Grammar (Units 1-7) Revision (Units 1-7) .. Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions | Module 2 8 Past Simple vs Past Continuous/ Exploring Grammar (Unit 8) Revision (Units 1-8) Phrasal Verbs & Prepo: ions Il Module 3 9 Present Perfect vs Past Simple (have gone/been) ... 10 Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous 11 So - Such .. 12 So ~ Neither Exploring Grammar (Units 9-12) Revision (Units 1-12) .... Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions III .. Module 4 13 Past Perfect 14 Past Perfect Continuous 15 Adjectives ~ Adverbs ... 2 PRP PP PPP? PPP PPD . 23 32 37 40 45 48 49 50 52 62 63 64 66 74 80 82 84 85 86 88 2 95 Exploring Grammar (Units 13-15)... p.100 Revision (Units 1-15) ssa . p.101 Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions IV ........ p.102 Module 5 16 Will - Future Continuous/Be going to - Present Continuous (future) ..... p.104 17 Conditionals .. p.113 18 Wishes | p19 Exploring Grammar (Units 16-18) .... p.122 Revision (Units 1-18) ..... p.123 Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions V p.124 Module 6 19. Reported speech . p.126 Exploring Grammar (Unit 19) p.134 Revision (Units 1-19) ; p.135 Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions VI p.136 Module 7 20 A/An - Some/The p.138 21 (The Passive......... p.142 22 Reflexive pronouns .. p.147 23 The Causative p.149 Exploring Grammar (Units 20-23) .... p.152 Revision (Units 1-23) .. p.153 Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions vil p.154 Module 8 24 Question tags p.156 25 (Relatives)... . p.159 26 Modal verbs. : . p.163 27 The infinitive/-ing form p.170 28 Some/Any + compounds p.175 29 Clauses . p.178 Exploring Grammar (Units 24-29) .... p.180 Revision (Units 1-29) 21s) Phrasal Verbs & Prepositions Vill ..... p.182 Grammar Revision .. . p.184 Irregular Verbs . p.192 The verbs ‘to be’, ‘have got’, ‘can’ 1 He's James and she’s Tina. They are good friends. They have got brown hair. Has Tina got straight hair? No, she hasn't. She has got curly hair | Are they from England? No, they aren't. They're from Japan. Kim can sing very well. lynn can dance very well. They can't speak Italian. _ The verb ‘to be’ I'm, He/She/'It’s, We/You/They’re | ST 'm not, He/She/tt isn’t, We/You/They aren’t (ies Am 2, Is he/she/it?, Are we/you/they? Yes, | am., Yes, he/she/itis., Yes, we/you/they are. In short answers, we do not repeat the whole question. We only use Yes or No, the subject, Pronoun and the verb form No, I'm not,, No, he/she/it isn’t,, No, we/you/ am (‘m not)/is (isn't)/are | they aren't, (aren‘t). | Are you Italian? No, I’m not, | The verb ‘have got’ | We use the verb have got: a) to show that something belongs to somebody. She's got « car. b) to describe people, animals or things. She's got long black hair ©) with the following expressions: i've got « headache, I’ve got a temperature, I've got a cough, ‘Ive got a toothache, I’ve got a cold, I've got a problem. (EES We /vou/They've got. He/She/it’s got. In short answers, we use only lWe/You/They haven't got. He/She/it hasn't got, Yes or No, the subject pronoun [TST Have wefyou/they got? Has he/she/it got? 2d the verb have (haven't)/ ey Yes, /wefyou/they have. Yes, he/she/it hi sarees cae ot = you ter? in No, | No, "t eed Jo, Ywelyoultey havent. No, elsheit hasnt ee act) can) W/You/He/She/It/We/You/They can walk. | ® The verb can is the same in all \You/He/She/It/We/You/They can’t walk. persons in the singular and in the plural and is always followed by a verb. © We use can to show ability. Jcan sing. I can’t play the violin imme enn (Seer Can t/you/he/she/it/we/you/they walk? Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they can. No, l/you/he/she/it/we/you/they can’t. Fil in am, is or are, Hello! My name 1) is Chiara and 1 2).. from Milan. 13) fifteen years old and 14) . student. Anna 5) my sister and she 6) . seventeen years old. My favourite subject at school 7) ...mmnm History but my sister's favourite subject 8) Maths. We 9) nue both basketball fans. 2. {Circle the correct form of the verb to be. How old is //are) your sisters? Darren and Ryan is / are very good friends. He isn’t / aren't my brother. Kelly and her mother is / are in the kitchen. Where is / are the boys’ books? Louise and Sharon aren't / isn’t at school. 1 2 3 4 5. My favourite sport is / are football. 6 7 8 I'mnot / aren't interested in sports. 3 Fillin the gaps using the correct form of the verb to be. > Js your name Julia? B: No, it isn‘. It is Janet. 2A. ...«. Michael and Tom good at surfing? B: No, they oes They good at water-skiing 3A you and Martha sisters? B: No, we .. xp ¢ We friends. 4k you the same age as your brother? B: Yes, 1. We . twins. SA: Where «a... Cristiano Ronaldo from? B: He. . from Portugal. Dear Julie, How are you? Everyone's fine here, although we are all a little busy. I 1) ‘ve got two new projects at work, so I'm quite stressed. As for David, he 2) . sm @ NEW BOSS, SO he's under a little pressure, too. The children are well. They 3) sv OxAMS at school at the moment so they 4)... any spare time. By the way, Jade .. a new pet dog. It big floppy ears! It's so . any other 6). cute! Well, | 7). news to share with you Write soon! Kylie 5 Fil in have, haven't has or hasn't. 1A; los your sister got a CD player? B: No, she /iasn’t. Dave and Lucy got a red car? They B: No, they got a blue car. 3 At vcusssssees Brendan got blue eyes? B: No, he .. got brown eyes. 4 s-vane: Sarah got a big bedroom? B: No, she... .. Mr and Mrs Jones got children? No, they .. but they .. got lots of cats. 6 AS csssnennenes all your classmates got mobile phones? B: Yes, they .... Also, some students got two mobile phones! 6 Filtin can/can't 1 Ellie is twelve years old. She can’t drive a car. 2. This box isn’t very heavy. I. carry it by myself. 3 Apilot.... fiy an aeroplane. 4 The weather is lovely today. We sit in the garden, 5. Grandpa hasn't got his glasses so he ...... read the letter. 61 sonene Meet you tomorrow. | haven’t got any plans. 7 Sue has got a bad cold 50 she wns GO to school. 8 Tomis very tall so he ....-.. play basketball very well 7 Ask and answer questions, as in the example. 1 it/fy Can it fly? No, it can't. they / cook she / ride a horse 5) he / read 10 Thc Once ae 5 ‘Complete the exchanges using the correct form of have got, can or be. ‘A: Hos Steven got blue eyes? B: No, he hasn't, He's got brown eyes. AS ssssnnsenne YOU Italian? B: No, | panish. A. . a spare pen? B: Yes, Here you are. A your father a doctor? B: soit HE sone a teacher, A. Jane dance? Br NO, She sssesessny DUE SHE sing very well A. Claire B: Yes, she .. A. B: No, they A . your aunt and uncle... children? B: Yes, they . They ‘two daughters. he speak Russian? B: No, he but he .. speak Chinese. AS so Jim enn @ favourite football team? B: Yes, he his favourite team ... Manchester United. Speaking & Writing Use the words in the list to make true sentences about yourself. Tell the class. © long hair © blue eyes ® short © 16 years old @ curly hair ® two sisters © adog *acomputer © abike © swim © aguitar © dance © speak English © cook © drive a car T haven't got long hair. Personal Subject pronouns Object pronouns Possessive adjectives Ea my Our Possessive pronouns Note: its = possessive adjective Personal subject pronouns go before verbs as subjects. We use them instead of nouns or names. Where's Liz? She's at school. (NOT: diz is at school.) Object pronouns go after verbs or prepositions as objects. These are my classmates. | see them at school every day. © Possessive adjectives show: a) that something belongs to somebody. This is my puppy. b) the relationship between two or more people. This is our baby girl. © We put possessive adjectives before nouns. That is your coat. Possessive pronouns show that something belongs to someone. Possessive pronouns are not followed by nouns. Compare: These are my books. (possessive adjective) They're mine. (possessive pronoun) Note: “There is no possessive pronoun for “it” it's = itis or it has | Look at that dog! Its tail is very short. | It’s (It is) a warm, sunny day. It's (It has) got long ears. Possessive case Pronouns - Possessive adjectives - Possessive case 1 The possessive case is used to show possession or the relationship between people. The possessive case is formed as follows: © singular nouns +s Helen's cap © plural nouns ending in -s +’ the girls’ dolls © plural nouns not ending in -s + ‘s the children’s toys | © compound nouns + ’s | my sister-in-law’s son © When the same thing belongs to two or more people, we add ’s only to the last noun. Stephanie and Alex's house. (The house belongs to both of them.) ‘© When two or more things belong to two or more people and we want to show that each person has his/ her own thing, we add ’s to each noun. (Each person has their own bicycle.) © of + inanimate things or abstract nouns the wheels of the car, the price of fame © a/the/this/that + noun + of + possessive pronoun/possessive case He's a friend of hers. That is a friend of Luke's Note: When we refer to a particular place or time, the possessive case is formed as follows: ® phrase of place (shop/home/business, etc) +'s at the butcher's (we mean the shop) at Greg's (house) © phrase showing length of time/specific moment or event +’s/" tomorrow's show, a two hours’ sleep | We use either ‘s or of to talk about places or organisations. ‘taly’s population or the population of italy Se ‘1 Q Replace the words in bold with the correct subject or object pronoun. 1 Where are my shoes? | can't find my shoes. Where are my shoes? | can't find them. 2 Emma isn’t at home at the moment. Emma is at her friend's house. 3. My dad can drive my brother and me to the football game tomorrow. 4 | have got a new mobile phone. The mobile phone is black and grey. 5. This is my friend Ray. Ray and | are in the same class at school. 6 Is Ann here? Ann has got a phone call 7 Thisis my netbook. | can surf the Internet on my netbook. 8 Is Mary your aunt? 10 1 Fillin the correct possessive adjective/ pronoun, 1A: Where are your grandparents this summer? They are at (heir country house. ‘Are these your books, Bill? Yes, they're Hello, ... name is Kelly. Pleased to meet you, Kelly. Who's Howard. best friend, Jason? Is that her cat? Yes, it’s... Is this book «0 No, it’s Lisa's. , jim? Are these your dad's keys? Yes, they're .. w PS PH PHS SH SH PHS Hurry up! We are late for meeting. I'm ready. Let’s go! ‘Are these the children’s bicycles? Yes, they're 10 A: Can | borrow Sure. Here you are. .. MP3 player? Pe Pee 12 Connect the nouns using ‘5, (’) or of. car | my brother —* my brother's car Japan / the capital + the capital of Japan the top / the mountain > house / Steve and Betty > .. England / the Queen —+ bags / the women >... car / my parents >... the cost / the jacket +... 9 bicycles / Hugh and Ann ~> 10 dog / Bob and Lisa > 11 the comer / the road 12 ball / the boys -> 13. the walls / the house eVauauna rer ee er Rare 13 -ing miming, watch a tennis P 5 pm match Tisa for di eI vin 8 pm meet Lisa for dinner oe 1. see/dentist/Saturday/10 am? A: Is Sue seeing the dentist on Saturday at 10:00 am? B: No, she isn't. She's seeing the dentist on Friday at 10:00 am. have/piano lesson/Friday/10:00 am? go/to bank/Saturday/12:00 pm? play volleyball/with Ted/Saturday/2:00 pm? watch/tennis match/Saturday/5:00 pm? meet/Lisa/for dinner/Saturday/8:00 pm? AUN Q Write questions for the answers, as in the example. Use the present continuous. 1 (you/walk/dog?) Are you walking the dog? No, we aren't. We're playing football. 2 (you/listen/music?) No, I'm not. I'm watching a film on TV. 3 (what/he/do/right now?) He's cooking for his friends. 4° (Susan/work/now?) No, she isn’t, She's taking a break. No, 'm not. I'm going to football practice. 13 u Adverbs of frequency show us how often something happens. They answer the question How often ...?. We often use adverbs of frequency with the present simple. “How often does Martin drive to work?” “Never. He never drives to work.” TEESE We use adverbs of frequency: | Se ae © before the main verb, | usually 75% often 50% Brian always has lunch at home. | ® after the auxiliary verbs be, have and do and modal verbs such as can, will, must, etc. | She is always so nice to everyone. Mr Harrington doesn’t usually go out on Mondays. | sometimes 20% rarely/seldom 10% never 0% Note: The adverbs rarely, seldom and never have a negative meaning and they are never used with the word not. Gina rarely stays up late. (NOT: Gina deesn-trarely stay up late.) | Robert has a fear of flying. He never travels by plane. (NOT: Put the adverb of frequency in the correct place in the sentence. ‘We watch a football match on Sundays. (always) We always watch a football match on Sundays. Susan eats fish. (never) He hangs out with his friends after school. (often) . Karen has a cup of coffee after dinner. (usually) lan stays up late at night. (seldom) She forgets to set her alarm clock. (sometimes) What time do you finish work? (usually) Oliver is at home on Saturday mornings. (always) . . he doesn‘t-never travel by plane.) | Use the adverbs of frequency from the key. Make sentences, as in the exampl 1 [KEY = ( always ***** sometimes ** usually **** rarely/seldom * (often *## never 0 1 Grace/go jogging/in the moming (** ***) Grace always goes jogging in the morning. Brian/help his mother/with the housework (0) 3 James/be/late/for work (**) Gina and her brother/have/cereal/for breakfast (****) She/not listen/music/in the morning (* ** Charles/manage/to save money (*) Tie rT {] ] Tk 1) the appropriate gap to show ‘1 3 Complete the second sentence so that the correct position of the adverb of it means the same as the first. Use up frequency. to three words, 1 Ken and Alice .., walk .... their dog .... three 1 Emma does her homework every day after times a day, (always) school. Emma always does her homework after school 2. She .... has .... coffee .... in the evenings. : gaan 2. Sheila doesn’t play basketball very often. aH SHE ooernsstnnsrerensene basketball 3_ John and Caitlin ... watch .... television ... 3. Kevin never forgets to feed the dog, (rarely) Kevin ...... feed the dog. 4 Terry... CaM... park ... his car properly. 4 Dan only goes to the cinema once a year. (never) Dan . to the cinema. 5 Ben..... goes .... to the cinema .... . (seldom) 6 Jenny .... helps .... her mother .... with the Speaking housework, (often) Which of these things do you do every 7. The Taylors .... don’t.... get up .... late at the day? Make sentences about you and weekends. (usually) your family using adverbs of frequency, 8 They .... visit .... their grandparents .... in ‘asin the example: ‘the summer. (sometimes) {e cook dinner e dog for a walk « take th be do the shopping |e surf the Net «listen to music play football te walk to work/echool |e watch ‘] 2 Put the words into the correct order to form sentences. 1 Paul/Barcelona/travels/often/to Paul often travels to Barcelona. 2 on/rarely/time/Karen/is/work/for 3 she/long/work/hours/usually/Does? My mum always cooks dinner but I never do. 4 teacher/Our/always/us/givelhomework/a lot/ My dad sometimes cooks dinner. etc offdoesn’t Writing 15 Write sentences about you. Use adverbs of frequency and these phrases, as in the 5 Céline/theatre/to/seldom/goes/the 6 never/Tom/checks/at/his/work/emails example. 7 They/play/in/evenings/sometimes/the/tennis © meet my friends @ clean my room eetiresiserete : © do my homework ® go to the park 8 don’t/to/the/always/They/go/countryside/ * play basketball © watch a DVD weekends/the/at © make my bed © do the laundry J often meet my friends on Saturday. 15 16 Present Simple Use The present simple is used: © for permanent states. He works as a taxi driver. (permanent state) The moon moves around the Earth. (law of nature) The plane to Zurich takes off at 9:00 am. (timetable) © for repeated actions or daily routines (often with time expressions, such as: always, usually, often, etc). John always walks his dog in the afternoon. a) Thompson gets th ball and passes it to Owen. (sports commentary) ) Johnny Depp plays the role of Captain jack Sparrow in The Pirates of the Caribbean. (review) ©) So, the evil witch tells. the prince ... (narration) Present Continuous The present continuous is used: © for actions taking place now, at the moment of speaking, or for temporary actions. That is, actions that are going on around now but not at the actual moment of speaking. Martha is studying hard for her exams these days. Right now she’s talking on the phone. (She's not studying at the time of speaking.) for changing or developing situations. The giant panda is becoming extinct due to the loss ofits natural habitat. (changing situation) with always for actions to express annoyance, irritation or anger. You are always interrupting me. (annoyance/ irritation) for fixed arrangements in the near future, especially when the time and place have been decided. He Is taking the train to Rome in one hour (fixed arrangement) Dera ers Cnt ey 2 1 6 Put the verbs in brackets into the 17 Fill in 4 (always), U (usually), 0 (often), present simple or the present continuous, 5S (sometimes), R (rarely) or N (never) then match the sentences to the to say how often you do things. Then correct description. interview your partner and fill in i acct gases man + men sheep > sheep class. + classes woman > women deer» deer match - matches foot feet fish -+ fish fox + foxes tooth + teeth goose ~ geese photo -» photos BUT person + people ox > oxen potato + potatoes piano > pianos lady -» ladies toy > toys shelf shelves roof > roofs lwife > wives giraffe > giraffes We use singular verb forms with: © mass nouns: butter, cheese, flour, bread, water, coffee, sugar, etc. Sugar is bad or your teeth © school subjects: Maths, Physics, History, ete. Phiysics Is my favourite subject ot school. © games: football, billiards, darts, dominoes, ete. Silliards is my favourite game © some other nouns: news, advice, weather, furniture, hair, accommodation, money, homework, work, rubbish, jewellery, traffic. The furniture in the room is quite old We use plural verb forms with: * nouns: clothes, people, police, stairs, ete. The stairs are aificult to climb © nouns referring to objects that consist of two parts: trousers, pyjamas, binoculars, scissors, shoes, shorts, gloves, pyjamas, glasses, socks, ete, These shioes are ‘00 big for me lady life fish piano bus man tomato knife... Underline the correct word. Your hair looks/look lovely! Thanks. I'm glad you like it Maths is/are my favourite subject. Really? | prefer History. How is/are the traffic today? Quite bad, I'm afraid. This park is really dirty. | know. There is/are rubbish everywhere, Sr PP Se oe Where is/are the scissors? In the drawer. My trousers is/are dirty. Put them in the wash. 2 PP Pe Can I give you a few tips to improve your essay? B: Of course. Your advice is/are always welcome. ‘A: What game do you want to play? B: Well, darts sound/sounds like fun. ‘A; How much juice is/are there in the fridge? B: Just one carton. PFSOM sssrsese 3 RUNG eNau 10 u 12 B 4 15 Domenic UA Teo) | Fill in is or are. Designer clothes a/e very expensive. His trousers very old. My COffEE serssnseene COI. There lots of people at the meetin The children in the dining room. My money . not in my wallet. My gloves . not in my handbag. My glasses ... dirty. | can’t see very well Chemistry a very interesting subject. These strawbeties nnn. Very juicy. Her new clothes «nse: Very fashionable, The weather nice today. My shorts too small for me now. Your advice ... Those knives .. Choose the correct answer. The police ...... looking for the bank robbers. Ais ‘B are C be My grandfather has lots of ...... on his farm. A gooses B geese C goose Be quiet! The ...... are sleeping. A babies B babys baby My dad's new binoculars ...... fantastic! A be B are Cis There are two ...... in the old house, A pianos B pianoes C piano The furniture in the room ...... very modern. A are B is € being Where ...... my new shoes? A being Bis C are Your pyjamas ...... on the bed. Ais B being Care 33 34 1a There are Ue ean Same canGU ice | some carrots. | There is some carrot juice. | | There aren’t any carrots. There isn’t any carrot juice “Are there any carrots? Is there any carrot juice? Nouns can be countable and uncountable. © Countable nouns are nouns which can be counted, They have singular and plural forms. ‘one car, two cars, three cars * Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted. They have only singular forms. (some) butter (NOT: one butter, two butter) * Countable noun: plural verbs. The bike is blue. The bikes are blue. * they can be used alone or with a/an in the singular and some/any in the plural. She likes apples. It's an apple. I need some cherries. Are there any cherries? an take singular and © Uncountable nouns: always take singular verbs. The meat is delicious. Coconut oil is quite fatty. © they can be used alone or with some/any etc. J want to buy (some) cheese. There isn't any cheese in the fridge. We can use both uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns after phrases of quantity: a can/jar/bottle/glass/carton/cup/ bowl/packet/slice/loaf/kilo/bar/lump/tin/ piece, etc + of. They usually drink a glass of milk in the morning. Please buy two cartons of milk. He bought some carrots, a lettuce and some butter. Some nouns can be used as countable or uncountable with a difference in meaning. © J want a glass of orange juice. That vase is made of glass. (the material) | © He found a hair in his food. She combs her hair every morning. © J want to buy a paper. (newspaper) Could you give me some paper, please? © She needs to buy a new iron. The chair is made of iron. | © Our house is small, so | have to share a room with my sister. There isn’t enough room for all of us to st. (space) © How many times a week do do you go to the gym? (occasions) I can't wait for you any longer. | haven't got time. 5 Fill in aor some. Then write ¢ (for countable) and U (for uncountable). eNaunaWnNe e+ furniture Fill in a, an or some, my. 1 o strawberry | Jane: Sarah: 3 worange 4 Jane: = Ss Sarah: 5 wu. cup of coffee 6 Jane: Sarah: slice of | pizza Terre Orne) vr Sr ere Fill in a/an/some/any. Would you like sorne milk in your coffee? No, thanks. Can | have sugar, please? What's in the fridge? Just cherries, carton of milk and . | want to make cake but | haven't got ......se4 flour Ican go and get What are you eating for lunch? sandwich and ss... OFANge. .. bread left? Is there I'm afraid not. Jane and her sister Sarah are going on a school trip. Complete the conversation with a, an, some or any. EF Sarah, I'm packing some food for the school trip now. I've got 1) some sandwiches, 2) .. nuts and 3). bar of chocolate for us to share. Have you got 4). water? No, I've only got 5) srnmnnn Orange juice, but we can buy 6)... bottle of water in a shop somewhere. OK. What's in the sandwiches? Have you got 7) ham and cheese sandwiches? Of course! | know they're your favourite. Wwe also got 8)... fruit; 9) on apple for and 10). banana for me, Great! | think we have everything, but don’t forget to bring 11) napkins, too. bottles of you 35 Q Underline the correct item. 36 1 I need a/an/some carrots. 2 Can you give me a slice/loaf/jar of cheese, please? 3. Isthere any/a/some orange juice in the fridge? 4 | put two bars/lumps/pieces of sugar in my coffee 5. There are a/any/some apples in the bowl. 6 Can you buy me two cans/cartons/cups of milk from the supermarket? 7 They are making some/a/any cake for the party. ‘1 0 Choose an appropriate noun + of to indicate quantity. Write the phrases. some jam ~ three some oil - one some spaghetti - two some coffee - one some meat - one some cheese - two some crisps - one three jars of jam Nauawna 1 | Fillin: bar, packet, tin, bottle, oat, kilo, can and jar, in the correct form. 20% offal 1) cans of coke © Thee 2).. © Ala) © Two4) © Three 5) © Buy one 6) © Gettwo of water forthe price of two! OF sardines half price! of bread forthe price of one! of potatoes for the price of two! +n Of honey. Get one fee! of cereal forthe price of one! Plus ALL shoppers are entitled to a free L eeeeee Ts 12 Circle the correct item. 1 The furniture they've got in their house brand new. is ._ investigating the robbery. B is C isn't A are € aren't xn The police ... A are . a lot of traffic on the road today. B are Cis rs ‘Are you having ...... good time at the party? A an Ba Cc some 5 The clothes in this shop Ais B isn’t very expensive. C are 13 Complete the sentences using «/an, where necessary, and the word in bold in the correct form. 1 iron ‘a Your shirt has creases. Why don’t you use an iron? b Iron rusts when it comes into contact with water, 2 room a There is at the end of the hall which we use for storage. b There isn’t enough . . for everyone in the taxi. 3. paper a Try to recycle . as much as possible, b Hebuys... every morning and reads it on the train. Terence has got short fair ... Excuse me, but there's soup! 5S (time) a How many brush your teeth? b We are having .. : .. here in Madrid! in my . a day do you great (not) many (not) much (ES (how) many (how) much Quantifiers How many cherries has Ann got? She has got a | lot offlots of | | cherries | a lot (of)/lots (of) a lot (of)/lots (of) | (@) few/(too) many (a) little/(too) much | © We normally use a lot of/lots of in positive statements with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns. We omit of when a lot/lots is not followed by a noun. We've got a lot of/lots of food. There are a lot of students in the class. BUT Have you got many friends? Yes, I've got a lot/lots. © We normally use much and many in questions and negations. Much goes before uncountable nouns and many goes before plural countable nouns. Js there much tea in the pot? There isn’t much tea left. Have you got many books? ! haven’t got many books. How much milk do you want? Not much. Jenny has got How many students are there in the class? Not many. (very) few cherries. She can’t make @ cherry pie. She hasn’t got Nerson cherries. How much flour a few cherries. She can make a cherry pie. She has got enough Betty has got | | | © Too many can be used with plural countable nouns and has a negative meaning, It shows that there is more of something than is wanted or needed. There are too many people in the street. © Too much can be used with uncountable nouns and has a negative meaning. It shows that there is more of something than is wanted or needed. There's too much noise in the café A few/few -A little/little has Karen got? © We use a few/few with plural countable nouns (apples, pears, etc). ve got a few apples. I'l make o fruit salad, (= not many but enough.) (Very) few people like this dish as it is very spicy. (= hardly any/almost none.) She has got a little flour. She can make a pie. She has got - gh flour. © We use a little/little with uncountable nouns (milk, honey, water, Beno uatiiour, etc). I've got a little money. | can buy you lunch. (= not much but enough.) Pat has pot | : I’ve got little time this week. I'm very busy at work, (= hardly any/ ia hie almost nothing.) ' flour. She can’t * We can use few and little after very. There are very few biscuits in the packet. We've got very little coffee. She hasn't got / make apie. | enough flour — | 38 Complete the sentences with much, many, a lot of, how much or how many. A: I've got o lot of work to do today. B: Me too. bread do we need? Just a loaf. There isn’t Let’s buy some, then. . cereal left. apples have we got? . About two or three. Not YOU'VE GOt sve nnsesennee Pets! B: Yes, two cats and three dogs. Fill in the gaps with too much or too many. Don't eat f00 much sugar. It’s bad for you. | don’t like di ig in Rome. There is _. traffic, It's very crowded in this shop. There are - people. I can’t study. There's . Don't put ... sssesesenses MOISE! oil in the salad, Fill in the gaps with a few or a little. ‘A: You need to add « little more salt to the soup. B: Really? | think it tastes OK. ‘A: Are you ready, Laura? B: Nearly. | just need minutes to dry my hair. .. more ‘A; Have you got any plans for this evening? B: I’m going to the cinema with of my friends. A: Do you want some milk in your tea? Br JUSt snssssenniey PleASE, ‘A: Can | use the computer now? B: Not yet. It takes . to power up. . time for it Ay Citcle the correct item. 1. There aren't ..... potatoes in the basket. ®many —B alotof. © much 2. Wve got ..... flour. | can‘t make a cake. A alittle B few C very little 3. How...... money do you need? A many B much € sitte 4 I've got ...... spare time this week. I’m not working. A many — B much C alotof 5 She always takes ...... books with her when she goes on holiday. Aatew Bmuch —C alittle 6 There are ...... biscuits in the packet. It’s almost empty. A little B alittle very few 5 Ask and answer questions using the ideas below, as in the example. ‘geo strawberries ) “apple juice) Cheese) Cmeat 5 tomatoes ) (onions) A: How many strawberries have we got? B: We've got very few. A: How much apple juice have we got? B: We've got a lot, etc 6 Lor Fill in the gaps with much, many, how much or how many. I'm going to the supermarket now. What do we need to buy to make the birthday cake? Let's see. 1) Hovy much flour have we got? Well, there’s not 2)... left in the bag in the cupboard. 3) bags do you need? Get 00. 4) cecnennenn €GQS are there in the fridge? Not 5) ... . Only two, | think. 6) do you want me to buy? About six big ones. What else? 7 . sugar have we got? We've only got half a bag. OK. That's enough. What about chocolate? There aren't Dera bars in the fridge - only one, actually. Get me two then, please. | think that’s everything. Oh, and some candles of course! UE GT 7 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use up to three words. 1. The cake is really sweet! There is foo much sugar in the cake. 2 | haven't got much free time today. I've got very .. .» today. 3 Can you tell me the number of students who are taking the course? Can you tell me how are taking the course? 4 Ted eats very few sweets. Ted doesn't eat .. z sweets. 5. There aren't many chairs in the room. We've got in the room. 6 There are a great number of cars in the street. There are in the street. Speaking G2) Interview your partner and ill in the questionnaire, as in the example. i 02) 34) 56) 7 | FooD ; times/| times/ times) times/ QUESTIONNAIRE week | week | week week meat |v vegetables orange juice milk | bread sweets ‘A: How often do you eat meat? B: Once a week. etc b) Tell the class about your partner's drinking and eating habits. (Sally) doesn’t eat much meat during the week. ... 39 Tepositions of place, Dor pt Prepositions of place/movement ) q 2 eit 2) in zB. at) (Cear) Caer) | The cat is in The catison ‘The cat is at The cat is near The cat is under | the basket. the basket. the basket. the basket. the basket. | = ‘on top of Celow through Getween) The cat is above The cat is on top The cat is below The cat is going _The cat is between | the basket. of the baskets. _the basket. through the hoop. the two baskets. | | | @round) (Coehind) (infront oF) (up) down) The cats are sitting ‘The cat is behind The catissitting in The cat is going The cat is going a(round) the basket. _ the basket. front of the basket. up the steps. down the steps. | te Copposite ee... ‘to/by/beside against The cat is sitting The cats are opposite The cat is next to/by/ The cat is leaning among the baskets. each other. beside the basket. against the basket. yea % = | | | The cat is jumping The cat isjumping The cat is jumping The cat is jumping The cat is jumping | off the basket. out of the basket. onto the basket. into the basket. cover the basket. | mS OI le | The cat is running aloi Nena The cat is walking past another cat. is Co panera) The cat is walking from one basket to another. The cat is walking towards/to the basket. 40 Prepositions of place, time & movement A 1] _ took at the picture and fill in the gaps with the correct preposition from the list. © under © between ein © on (x2) © behind (x2) in front of The Smith family have got a lovely living room. There is a big sofa with cushions 1)on it. The sofa is 2) semen tWO Small tables. There is a lamp 3) each table. 4) the sofa there is @ coffee table. There is also a warm winter rug 5) the coffee table, There is a big window 6) the sofa. There are two blue armchairs 7 the living room and a wooden wardrobe 8) We use at: © when we refer toa particular point or position. Steve is sitting at his desk. * to say where an event takes place. There aren’t many people at the concert hall ‘* in the expressions: at school/university/ college, at work, at home, at the top of, at the bottom of, at sea (= on a voyage), at the station/airport, at the seaside, etc. * with addresses when we mention the house number. We live at 10 O'Connell Street. BUT in O'Connell Street © when we talk about about a person's house or business. at Kevin's (house), at the hairdressers 2. Underline the correct preposition. 1 Be careful when you walk across/through the street. 2. The shoes are above/under the sofa. 3 Water is falling onto/into the floor. 4 Look! There's a dog behind/below that tree, 5. The train is going through/round the tunnel. 6 Jenny is in/at her desk. 7 Put the toys on/in the basket, please. 8 The plane is up/above the clouds. 9 Our school is near/next the park. }0 Tom's sitting among/opposite his cousin. 1 There are a lot of people waiting outside/ out the cinema, 12. Don't lean in/against the door. 13. The dog is under/through the bed. 14 I can see a taxi coming on/round the corner. 15. There's a dolphin below/down our boat. 16 Please, go down/at the stairs carefully. We use in: * in the expressions: in the middle, in the sea, in the sky, in bed, in hospital, in prison, in a newspaper/magazine/book, in a picture/photo, in a street, in the world, in this lesson, in the country, in ‘one’s hand, etc. © with names of towns, cities, countries and continents, | in Liverpool, in New York, in Italy, in Europe Note: We use in when we refer to the inside of a building. However, we use at when we refer to the normal function of the building. It is very hot in the office. (= inside the building) Tony and his friends are at the cinema. | (= they are watching a film) | 42 ON We use on: © jin the expressions: on the left/right, on a/ the platform/page/screen/island/beach/ coast, on a map, on a farm, on a/the menu, on the first/second, etc floor. ‘ona chair BUT in an armchair on/at the corner of a street BUT in the corner of a room, go/run round the corner Note: When we want to refer to a means of transport, we use the preposition by. by car/bus/train/taxi/plane/boat BUT on foot Prepositions of place, time & movement ‘© When there is an article (a/an/the), a possessive adjective (my, your, etc) or possessive case (Mary's), we do not use the preposition by in front of the means of transport. ‘on the bus (NOT: by-the-bus) in your car (NOT: by-your-ear) on the three o'clock ferry, on the plane, in Susan's car There is a woman on the ferry. 3 _ Fill nthe correct preposition: on, inor at. 1 Jenny lives at 12 Oak Street. 2° Who's sitting ...... my armchair? 3 We go to school........ foot every day. 4. The weather ...... Italy is chilly ....... winter, 5 Be the train station an hour before departure. 6 John is our left. 7 The doctor's office is... the first floor. 8 The party is Tony's house Cirus Street. 9 My dad is........ work, 10 What's........ the menu? 11 What are you holding ....... your hands? 12 Helen's ...... bed with the flu 13. There's water ...... the bottom of the well. 14. Their story is....... all the newspapers today. 4 Fillin the correct preposition: on, in or at. Paul lives 1) in Birmingham, the second biggest 2) ssunune England, His home is 3) cone the second floor of a block of flats 4) wun the centre of the city. Paul's father is a photographer. Sometimes, his photographs appeat 5) wmnm well-known magazines. His mother works as @ UTS 6) wun @ hospital. In the summer, Paul and his parents stay 7)....... their country house 8) ...u:n the coast. In the mornings, Paul takes his dog for long walks 9) ....m the beach, When he is 10)........ home in the evenings, Paul sits 11) ....0.. his armchair and reads, Paul really enjoys spending time 12) 0m the countryside. 5 wna Nous ° Prepositions of time aT | the time: at five o'clock ‘holiday: it Christmas, at Easter Jexpressions: [at the moment, at present, cat dawn, at noon/at lunchtime, at night, at midnight, at the weekend (US: on the weekend) Prepositions of place, time & movement A CIN- months: in May/August, etc seasons: __|in (the) spring/summer/autumn/ winter years: in 1968/2012, etc centuries: [in the 19th century expressions: | in the morning/afternoon/evening, in an hour, in a minute, in a week/ few days/month/year, in the night ON day: ‘on Sunday, on New Year’s Day dates: on 21st May specific part of a | on Solurday eveniig day: They often go soiling in summer. Note: © We use the prepositions from ... to/till/ until to show duration. She plays tennis from 10 am to/till/until 1 pm every Saturday. ® We use the preposition in when we want to say how long it takes to do something. The technician can fix the computer in a few minutes. He usually tiles his room in twenty minutes. © Prepositions of time are not used: a) with the words today, tomorrow, tonight and yesterday. Tina isn’t going to schoo! tomorrow. ) with the words this, last, next, every, all, some, each, one, and any. She's flying to Amsterdam this Thursday. adjective + day: | on a hoi day Fill in in, on, at where necessary. School starts ov) Sth September. I can see you ten minutes. Let's meet ....... Thursday afternoon .. about half past six Ate you meeting Robbie....... this morning? ‘Are you doing anything ....... the weekend? The course starts ....... two weeks, Ted visits his grandparents Friday. He sleeps very late every night. 10 " 12 3 4 15 (NOT: on this Thursday) The secretary can type the letter twenty minutes. Jane is doing her homework . moment. They usually travel abroad ....... surnmer. He is leaving Rome ........ Sunday night. Are you going out New Year's Eve? It’s very Cold «on. winter. Tina is having a birthday party ....... 22nd June. 43 44 Choose the correct item. A: The lift doesn’t work. B: Let’s walk up/out the stairs then. ‘A: Excuse me. Where is the post office? B: Walk straight through/over the playground, and it’s across the road. A: Be careful. There's a motorbike coming straight across/towards us. B: That was close! Have you got any plans for today? : Yes, lam meeting my friend, Keith, at/ on noon, Do you know where Mr Adams is : He's just coming into/out of his office now. A: Is there a bank around here? Yes, walk along/past this road until you reach a bakery, then turn left. Where is Laura? She's buying some bread in/at the bakers. That dog looks very dangerous. Don’t worry. It’s on a lead. It can’t jump along/over the fence Pr PP Look at the picture and underline the correct preposition. There are many students 1) in/at the classroom. it's a computer clas, so there are computers 2) over/on the desks. The teacher, Mr ‘Taylor, is siting 8) above/ ‘among his students and is helping them. Brian in the ‘white jumper, is siting 4) on/in a chair 5) next ‘o/against Mr Taylor. Mr Taylor is showing Brian something 6) in/on his computer screen. Brian has his Q_ Fillin the gaps with along, up, past through, down, out of, over and across. ‘Then say how you can get from the supermarket to the cinema. HENRY STREET Can you help me, please? I'm looking for the post office. B: Of course. Go 1) past the bank and turn right. Then, go 2) sroees Henry Street and 3). the tunnel. When you come 4) the tunnel, there is a bridge on your left. Go 5) . the steps, 6) ANd 7) sonseree other side. Then walk 8) Brent Road and the post office front of you. Thank you very much. he bridge the steps on the | Speaking |) Use the map in Ex. 8 to give directions from: © the bank to the café ¢ the cinema to the shopping centre | © the post office to the supermarket 1 1 Question words We use the following question words to ask about people, places, things, etc. ‘* who/whose (people) “Who does the laundry every week?” “My mum cee “Whose bicycle is that?" “Jenny's.” © what/which (things) What is used alone or before a noun to ask about things. “What is your favourite sport?” “Football.” (What is also used to ask about people, animals cor things when there is an unlimited choice of answers.) What books do you like reading? (unlimited choice of books) ‘Which is used alone, before nouns, one/ones or of, to ask about people, animals or things. Which is normally used when there is only a limited choice of answers. “Which dress are you wearing, the green one or the black one?” “The green one.” (Which of the two? ~ limited choice) © where (place) “Where are you going on holiday?” “To a resort in Spain.” © when/how long (ago)/how often/what time (time) “When does the train leave?” “At 8 pm, | think.” “How long does it take you to get to work?” “About an hour.” “How often do you play tennis?” “Every week.” “What time do you start school?” “At 8 am.” Choose the correct item. ..» is your father's name? A Which (B) What © How . bag is yours? The brown or the blue one? A What = -B Which C Who . is the museum from the city centre? A How far B Howlong C How often “Where are John and liz?” “They're in the kitchen.” | "What are they doing?" “They're making dinner.” © how much (quantity) “How much flour do we need for the cake?” “Not much.” © how many (number) “How many students are there in your class?” “Twenty.” © how (manner) “How are we getting to the city centre?” “By bus.” * why (reason) “Why is Mary so happy?” “Because it’s her birthday today.” © how old (age) “How old are you?” “Fifteen.” how far (distance) “How far is our hotel from the airport?” “About four kilometres.” 4 ss do you have football practice? A How much B Howlong C How often 5 saan are you leaving work today? A How long B Where C What time 6 sean are YOU SO upset? A Why B When —C How 45 2 Match the questions words in Column A with the questions in Column B. Te] How much [2T_] How often 3]_] What time [51] where How long 71] Whose \ [8] How many 3, Write questions to which the words in bold are the answers. ——————— Valerie is 1) 32 years old. She is from 2) Marseilles, France, but she lives in New York 3) because she has a very good job there. She works as 4) a lawyer for a big law firm. Her office is 5) far from her house, S50 6) she takes the subway to get there. fs Valerie loves New York 7) because a big city with a cosmopolitan atmosphere. She likes 8) visiting its museums and art galleries and she loves going to the theatre. She sees a play on Broadway 9) once a week. Although she is very happy in New York, Valerie really misses her family back in Marseilles. She visits them 10) two or three times a year. 46 a coat is this? bare you staying in Athens for? © are you going on holiday this year? Which d_ does Becky go to the cinema? e ft 9 h sugar do you put in your coffee? potatoes do we need? does Simon have to be at the airport? jumper do you like best, the red one or the purple one? Complete the sentences with the correct question word. A: How much does this computer cost? B: It costs £600. A sneses . aren't you at work today? B: Because | have the flu. does your father travel abroad? B: Three or four times a year. sss is the football stadium from here? B: It’s about six kilometres away. > are you visiting your grandparents? Jam visiting them this weekend. sens aFe you feeling today? | am feeling better, thank you. > er es ... book do you prefer, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince or The Lord of the Rings? The Lord of the Rings. is the director of Avatar? B: James Cameron. Orr C ery v 5 Fill in the gaps with the correct question word(s). Then choose the correct answer to each question. How mach ds you inow about Do the quiz and find out. 1. Where is reland? A in northern Europe in western Europe C in eastern Europe ..- do the Irish people celebrate St Patrick’s Day? A Ist May B 4th July ¢ 17th March is the capital of Ireland? ‘A Dublin B Cork C Galway official languages are there in Ireland? A one B two C three is the singer in the Irish rock group U2? A Bill Kaulitz B Bono € Billy Joe Armstrong 6 Fillin: where, when, how, how long, how much, how many, how far. : Good afternoon, sir. 1) How can | help you? B; Good afternoon, | want to book a holiday, please. A: Certainly. 2) ..» do you want to go? B; The South of France; to a quiet seaside resort. Ok. 3) people are travelling? Just my wife and I. Alright. 4) do you want to go? Anytime in early June. Well, there is room available in a hotel in Antibes. That sounds nice. 5)... the hotel from the beach? | A: It’s only a five-minute walk. B: I see. So, 6) ......... . does it cost? A: Well, it depends. 7) scum, GO you want to stay? One or two weeks? B: | think one week is enough. Then, that’s £1,000 for both of you including the flights. OK, that sounds great! eh eeee In pairs, ask and answer questions to complete the questionnaire from a mobile phone company. LEO Take a few minutes to fill in our simple questionnaire so we can continue to give you the best service we can! Age: 10-19] 20-29[_] 30-39[_] Over 40[] City/Town: Occupation: euaetiay |1use my mobile phone to: talk [_] send text messages [_] send emails [_] listen to music __] Number of text messages you send each day: Less than 10 [_] 10-20[_] Over 20[_] People you contact on your mobile phone: amity [-] friends [] colleagues [] [ike being a TalkNow customer because: Thank you for your time! ‘A: How old are you? Bil’... ete 47 48 Exploring Grammar (Units 1-7) © Present Simple - Present Continuous 1 Read Monica‘s email to her friend and fill in the gaps with the present simple or the present continuous of the verbs in brackets. Then, match them with their use. © a daily routine @ a habit © apermanent state ® a stative verb ‘an action happening now © an arrangement for the near future Dear Helena, Hit 1) 270 writing (write) because | 2) wnvnnesee (need) your advice on something very important. My dad has got a job offer in Madrid and he ee (want) all of us to move there with him. My mum 4) .. (nothave) a problem with it as she 5) . (love) Madrid. Her sister 6). (live) there and she usually 0 ais) her at least once a month. AS for my brother, he 8) . .. (go) to university in Madrid next year, so he 9) ..(not/seem) to ‘mind at all. But| 10) (love) Valencia too much to leave! All my friends are here. We 1) cmeone (908) each other every day at school and 1 12) sue (notiwant) to lose them. What can | do? Please write soon, Monica 2. Underline the correct item. 1. The plane to New York leaving/leaves at 3:30 pm. You always use/are always using my computer! 3. Messi kicks/is kicking the ball and he scores/ is scoring! 4 Water freezes/is freezing at 0°C. 1am thinking/think Kate is 29 years old. 6 The Taylors are painting/paint their flat this, week. © Adverbs of frequency There is an adverb of frequency in Monica’s email. Circle it and use It make a sentence of your own. Where do we place an adverb of frequency in a sentence? © Pronouns Find all the pronouns in the email in Ex, 1. What type Is each? © Comparatives - Superlatives a) Read and circle the comparative and superlative forms. When do we use each form? - We've got three dogs in my family. Mine is Jack Russell Tener. | call it Ross. Everyone tells me it's the cutest dog ever! Ross isa lot of fun and full of energy. He’s much smaller than my brother's dog, Pete, but he’s bigger ‘than Max, my parent's dog, Actually, Max is the smallest of ail, but he’s the most playful Ross runs faster than Pete, that’s for sure! Ross ciways gels up eariler than me and storts barking until | take him out for a walk, But I don't mind! He is my best friend and that soys tail b) Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjectives or adverbs in brackets, adding any necessary words. Bill is by far w/e best (good) player in the team. Kevin can speak Spanish ...nsse as .. (fluently) than anyone | know. Eating vegetables is a lot (healthy) than eating sweets. What city has .. population in the world? Sue can dance ... st (gracefully) than Jane, but Sharon dances . (gracefully) of all. (large) 10 n 12 Circle the correct item. Simon and | .. A am sixteen years old. B are Cis O'Connell The Bennets bought a house . Street. A at Boon Cin How many ..... are there in the room? A persons B people —_C_peoples She often ...... hiking at the weekends. A goes B isgoing C go What is ...... river in the world? A longer B the longest C long Crocodiles have got big... A teeth B teeths —C tooths The Earth's temperature ...... due to global warming. A tise B rises C istising She rarely ..... with her friends during the week, A doesn’t hang out B hangs out C is hanging out So the little mermaid ..... a ship with a handsome prince and ... is falling . in love with him. C see... fall He can run a lot ...... than his sister, A faster B fast C fastest . bag are you going to buy, the red one or the brown one? A What B Who Which You ..... my clothes! A always wear B are always wear are always wearing B 14 15 16 7 8 19 20 2 22 2B 24 Revision (Units 1-7) The carpenter ...... a cupboard on the wall. A isfitting —B fit C fits What time do you wake up ...... the morning? A on B in C at Would you like ...... sugar in your coffee? A some Ba C an Could you speak a bit ......, please? A more loudly B_ most loudly € loudly The baby’s skin ...... very soft. A isfeeling B feel C feels Let's go to another café; there's ...... noise in here, A alittle B toomany C too much Beth and Alex A are moving B are move into a new flat this week. C move Sarah drives much A carefully B the most carefully © more carefully . than her sister. oil should | add to the salad? A How B How much © How many Jeremy A not likes C doesn’t like eating meat. B isn't liking She usually goes to bed A on B at midnight. Cin Maths A are his favourite subject at school. Bis C aren't Tina is a slightly ..... student than her sister. A better B best © good ( ois \ 3) 50 Phrasal Verbs | break down: 1) stop working (of cars, engines, machines, etc) | 1 took the bus because my car broke down this morning. 2) lose control of feelings She broke down when they fold heer the bad news. | break in/break into (a building): enter by force or illegally The burglars broke into our house when we were on holiday. break into: start singing, smiling, etc suddenly His face broke into a smile when he saw he had passed all his exams break out: 1) begin suddenly (war, fire, etc) BUT a storm breaks World War I! broke out in 1939 and ended in 1945, 2) escape from a place The police are looking fortwo men | who broke out of prison yesterday. | break up: stop for holidays (of schools, ete) The kids are happy that schoo! is breaking up forthe summer holidays. ¥ to happen Global warming | ‘has brought about violent storms and floods. bring out: release (e.g. a new record) or publish (e.g. a new book) The famous pop band is bringing ‘out a new album next week, bring sb round: 1) cause sb to regain consciousness The doctors used cold water to bring the patient round. | 2) persuade He was brought round to her way of | thinking. bring up: 1) raise a child |'s very expensive forparents to bring up children these days. 2) to introduce (a matter) for discussion The workers brought up the issue of pay rises with their boss. 3 Match the phrasal verbs to the pictures. [1_] break down | [2_] bring round 3|_] break into 4|_] break out 5]_| bring out 1 Fill in the correct particle. down # in ® into ® out © up My dad's car broke and he was late for work. The robber broke ......... Of prison and the police are looking for him. this morning The burglar had broken............ through the back door. They all broke and started crying after they heard the bad news. A fire broke «ee. in the town hall last night. We broke .. laughter when Jack dropped the birthday cake. I can’t wait for school to break ‘the summer holidays. for Underline the correct partic He tried to bring his mother up/round to his way of thinking. The famous author will bring out/about a new book in May. Some pupils brought up/about the subject of fire safety in the school. The new president promised to bring round/ about some changes to the economy. {t's difficult to work full time and bring out/up achild, The patient was brought round/out after the surgery was over. Prepositions | accuse sb of (doing) sth (¥) advantage of (n) annoyed about/by sth (adj) annoyed at/with sb (adi) ashamed of sb/sth (adj) ask sb for sth (BUT ask sb a afraid of sb/sth (adj) apologise to sb for sth (v) question) (v) A. aim at sb/sth (v) apply to sb for sth (v) associate with sb (v) amazed at/by sth (adi) arrive at (a small place) astonished at/by sth (ad)) angry at/with sb for doing (BUT artive home) (v) attitude towards/to (n) sth (adi) arrive in (a big place) (v) ——_aware of sth (adj) bad at sth (ad) blame sb/sth for (doing) sth (¥) | borrow sth from sb (v) B believe in sth (v) (lay/put the) blame on sb/sth (n) [brilliant at sth (adj) belong to sb (v) bored with sth (adj) bump into sb/sth (v) wnwna No Naunwn oe Fill in the correct preposition. * with © about © of # to © by sw the bank for a loan. us for being late. . the test results. The couple applic He was angry | was astonished . Iwasn't aware the fact that he was ill. One advantage .......« living close to school is that I can walk there in five minutes. Zoe is afraid «nn spiders. My mum gets annoyed ........... me when | don’t do my homework Under! ¢ the correct preposition. Witnesses to the accident put the blame for/ on the driver. | borrowed this DVD for/from Sam. Does this umbrella belong to/for you? Dave is brilliant at/with basketball I'm really bad at/to Maths and Physics. Do you believe about/in ghosts? | stopped going to those dance lessons as | got bored for/with them. | bumped to/into an old friend yesterday, Mr Smith blamed Harry for/on breaking the classroom window. 10 Choose the correct preposition. The teacher accused Mark A of B with cheating C to Claire apologised to her mum ...... coming home late. A with B of C for What time will he arrive ...... the airport? Ain B at Cc to | will arrive ...... Rome tomorrow at noon. Ain B at € to .. being home alone. B of € for My neighbour asked me ...... some sugar. A by B of for We were amazed ...... the magician's tricks. A for B C by Danny said he was ashamed....... lying. A of Bin C to She has a good attitude ...... her school - work, A with B from towards Computer games are aimed ...... boys more than girls, Aat B in C to 51 52 Poa CRT Ta gy oT Ha As John was walking to school yesterday, he slipped and sprained his ankle. His foot hurt very much and he shouted for help. Past Simple Form Wou/He/She/It/We/They ] called, | 'Wou/He/She/It/We/They didn’t call. Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/they Aad did, “No, I/youfhe/she/it/we/they didn’t. Time expressions used with the past simple: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/ month/year, two hours/days/weeks/months/ years ago, when, then, in 2003, etc Spelling Rules © Verbs ending in -e take only -d. move ~ moved © Verbs ending in a consonant + y, drop the -y and take -ied. try — tried * Verbs ending in a vowel + y, take -ed, stay — stayed * Verbs ending in one stressed vowel between two consonants, double the last consonant before the -ed. crop - cropped BUT open — opened © Verbs ending in -1, double the | and take -ed. travel - travelled Paramedics put John on a stretcher and drove him to hospital A woman and a man called an ambulance. Past Continuous I/He/She/It was writing. We/You/They were writing. |I/He/She/It wasn’t writing. \We/You/They weren't writing. Was I/he/she/it writing? Were we/you/they writing? Yes, I/he/she/it was. Yes, we/youjthey were. No, I/he/she/it wasn’t. No, we/you/they weren’t. Time expressions used with the past continuous: while, when, as, all day/night/ morning, all day yesterday, etc Pronunciation The suffix -ed is pronounced: © /id/ when the verbs end in a /t/ or /d/ sound. shifted, landed, afforded © /t/ when the verbs end ina /k/, /s/, // /, If ot Ip/ sound, booked, kissed, matched, brushed, laughed, stopped © /d/ when the verbs end in any other sound. changed, cared, glowed 1] _ Write the past simple of the verbs in the list in the correct box. uy © close ® plan © play © cancel ‘* manage ® cry © convey ® change © quarrel_® drop © worry ® prepare © destroy @ stop © enjoy © die ¢ like © travel © stay * open etd [closed, nn stressed vowel | between two “consonants + ed | planned, consonant + y > ied | iio, vowel +y +ed played, — | ae verbs ending in I | cancelled, 2. Pat the verbs in the past simple and write them under the correct heading. Then read them aloud. © dance # move ® appear * plan © accept * stop ® finish ® match © paint © fry © stay © surf © wish © miss © want © count © watch © kick ® enjoy idl a Iai accepted danced appeared Fe Ree Ty F} Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the past simple, as in the example. A: Where 1) did you go (you/go) on holiday this summer? B: We 2) anywhere. We 3) in London. How about you? (not/go) - (stay) A: We 4) .. seve (Go) to Paris. We also 5) (visit) Versailles. It was great. Ay Why 1)... (not/John/come) to the school party? Br He 2) casssseneenee (be) very ill and 3) (have) to see a doctor. A: What 1) .... - (you/do) yesterday afternoon? B: Well, first | 2)... essay and then | 3) (send) some emails. AD 1) .. ... (you/take) photos of Tom's surprise party? B: No, | 2). . (not/have) my camera with me. (write) my In pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example. Use the phrases below. © watch a film last night © travel abroad last year ‘© write an email yesterday evening * do the washing-up yesterday * tidy your bedroom last weekend ¢ visit a museum last month play computer games last Friday © go to the beach last summer A: Did you watch a film last night? B: Yes, I did./No, | didn’t. 53 Se ee Martin is a high school student. Look at his day planner for yesterday. What was he doing at: © 8:15 © 9:00 © 11:00 © 12:30 © 13:45 © 14:15 © 17:00 What was Martin doing at 8:15 yesterday? He was eating breakfast. =8:30 | eat breakfast 9:30 i school “14:00 - 1500 ply Jel “45:00 - 18:00 | do homework ' Make sentences in the affirmative (V), negative (x) or interrogative (?) form of the past continuous. Harry/write/letters/all day yesterday (7) Harry was writing letters all day yesterday. at 2 o'clock/yesterday/aftemoon/Beatrice/ have/breakfast (X) the two boys/play/with the ball (?) Christian and Karen/work/last night (?) They/have/dinner/at a restaurant/at 9 o'clock/ yesterday evening (/) Marianne/mow/the lawn/while/Peter/water/ the plants (7) Laura/type/her essay/all night (?) Linda and I/sleep/at 12 o’clock/last night (x) Look at the picture. What was happening in the park yesterday at 3 o'clock? In pairs, ask and answer questions, Jane/read/book? A: Was Jane reading a book? B: No, she wasn’t. She was listening to music. Mrs Cole/read/book? Diane and Linda/play/tennis? Lucy/roller-skate? Brian/talk/on the phone? Emma/play/basketball? Used to - Would (I Wourtte/she/iuWe/they used to cook. DEE oustie/she/t/we/they didn’t use to cook. Cry Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they use to cook? Yes, l/you/he/she/it/we/they did. No, l/you/he/she/it/we/they didn’t. Form © Used to is always a past form. It has no present form. It has the same form in all persons singular and plural in the affirmative. J used to play tennis. Anna and John used to ride their bikes to school. © The question form is did + subject + use to. Did Jane use to go jogging? © The negative form is subject + didn’t use to. Paul didn’t use to travel a lot. Use © Used to is used to talk about past habits, repeated actions or routines in the past but which no longer happen. She used to exercise a lot when she was younger. (She doesn't exercise often any more.) © We use used to for things that were true but they are not true any more. She used to wear glasses when she was at school. (Now she doesn’t wear glasses.) © We can use the past simple instead of used to with no difference in meaning. She used to live in Brighton./She lived in Brighton. oes ri) 8 She didn’t use to have short hair when she was a child. She used to have long hair. Now she has short hair. * We use the past simple and not used to in the following cases: a) to refer to an action which happened at a definite time in the past. She left for Paris yesterday. (NOT: She wsed 4e-Jeave ... - an action that happened at a definite time in the past) b) to say how many times an action happened at a definite time in the past. They went to the cinema twice last week. (NOT: They wsed-te-ge ...) Would We use would/used to for repeated actions or routines in the past. We do not use would with stative verbs, because they describe states and not actions. They would/used to play cricket on Sundays. (They don't play cricket anymore.) BUT She used to have a cat. (NOT: She would have a cat.) 55 1 Q

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