Solución.

H= { h|h=α v 1+ β v 2 , α , β ∈ R }

W ={ w|w=δ v 2+ γ v3 , δ , γ ∈ R }

H ∩W = { v|v ∈ H ∧ v ∈ W }
v ∈ H ∩W ⇒ v ∈ H ∧ v ∈W
v=α v 1+ β v 2 =δ v2 + γ v 3

→ β=δ , → α v 1 =γ v 3 →
{ α=γ=0
v1 ∥ v3 → α , γ ≠ 0

{
v= α v 1 + β v 2 , v 1 ∥ v 3
β v2 , v1 ∦ v3

B ( H ∩W )=
{{v 1 , v 2 } , v 1 ∥ v 3
{v 2 } , v 1 ∦ v 3
∴ [ F ] la proposicion es falsa
Solución.

b+ c=−a ,|a|=3 ,|b|=4 ,|c|=6

2 2 43
|b+ c|=|a|=3→ 9=|b| +|c| −2|b||c| cos θ →9=16+36−48 cos θ→ cosθ=
48
2 2
(
a ⋅ ( 2 b−a )= (−b−c ) ⋅ ( 2 b+b +c )=(−b−c ) ⋅ ( 3 b+c )=−( 3|b| + 4 b ⋅ c+|c| )=− ( 48+ 4|b||c| cos θ+36 ) =− 84+ 96 )
43
48
=−

Solución.

Tomamos { a , b , c } como base.

{ a+ 2b−c , a−b+3 c ,2 a−b−c } → { ( 1,2 ,−1 ) , (1 ,−1,3 ) , ( 2 ,−1,−1 ) }

)( )
1 2 −1

)(
1 2 −1

( )(
1 2 −1 1 2 −1 −4
−4 0 1
1 −1 3 ∼ 0 −3 4 ∼ 0 1 ∼ 3
3
2 −1 −1 0 −5 1 −17
0 −5 1 0 0
3

Por operaciones fila, los vectores se transforman en vectores LI

Entonces { ( 1,2 ,−1 ) , ( 1 ,−1,3 ) , (2 ,−1 ,−1 ) } LI, finalmente { a+ 2b−c , a−b+3 c ,2 a−b−c } son L.I.

Solución.

b 1 |c|
ub =uc → = ( 4,0,3 )=u c → c= ( 4,0,3 )
|b| 5 5

|c| d1 −3
c ⋅d=0 → ( 4,0,3 ) ⋅ ( d1 , d 2 ,d 3 ) =0 → 4 d 1 +3 d 3=0 → =
5 d3 4

d= ( 3 k , d 2 ,−4 k )

|c|
( 4,0,3 ) + ( 3 k , d 2 ,−4 k )=( 3,5,2 ) → d 2=5
5
4 3 18 1
|c|+3 k =3 , |c|−4 k=2 →|c|= , k =
5 5 5 25

c=
18
25
( 4,0,3 ) , d=
3
(
25
,5 ,−
4
25 )
Solución.
20212007C

p=7 ,q=1 , r=6 → ( 7,1,6 )

( 7,1,6 ) =a ( 1,1,1 )+ b ( 1,2,3 )+ c ( 1,0,1 )

{
a+b+ c=7
a+2 b=1 →b=−0.5 , a=2 , c=5.5
a+3 b+ c=6

( 2 ,−0.5,5 .5 )
 [ ] [ ] [ ] [
α 1
β 0
=a
1 1
2 1
+b
2 2
1 3
+c
0 0
3 −1 ]

{
α =a+2 b
1=a+2 b → α=1 , b−c=−1 → c=b+1 → β=2 a+4 b+3=5
β=2 a+b+3 c
0=a+3 b−c

[ αβ 10]=[ a+−ab a−b

2a+ b ]

{
α =a+ b
1=a−b → a= 1 , b=−2 →α = −1 , β= −1
β =−a 3 3 3 3
0=2 a+ b

No existen valores de α β para que A ∈U ∩V

M = {( 0,1,3 ) , ( 2,0 ,−1 ) , ( 1 ,−2,1 ) , ( 5,0 ,−7 ) }

[ ][ ][ ][ ]
0 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3
2 0 −1 0 4 −3 0 0 −15 0 0 −15
∼ ∼ ∼
1 −2 1 1 −2 1 1 −2 1 1 −2 1
5 0 −7 0 10 −12 0 0 −42 0 0 0
→
Por medio de operaciones fila es posible transformar el ultimo vector en 0

{ ( 0,1,3 ) , ( 2,0 ,−1 ) , ( 1 ,−2,1 ) , ( 5,0 ,−7 ) } es L.D.

M es L.D.

[ ] [ ]
a b a a
W 1= c d ,W 1= b b
a b b b

[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
a b a 0 0 b 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
w 1 ∈ W 1 → w 1= c d = 0 0 + 0 0 + c 0 + 0 d =a 0 0 +b 0 0 + c 1 0 +d 0 1
a b a 0 0 b 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
 {[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]}
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
B ( W 1 )= 0 0 , 0 0 , 1 0 , 0 1
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

[ ][ ][ ]
a a 1 1 0 0
w 2 ∈ W 2 → w 2= b b =a 0 0 +b 1 1
b b 0 0 1 1

{[ ] [ ]}
1 1 0 0
B ( W 2 )= 0 0 , 1 1
0 0 1 1

[ ][ ]
a b x x
w 3 ∈ W 1 ∩W 2 → w3 = c d = y y → a=x=b= y=c=d
a b y y

[ ][ ]
x x 1 1
⇒ w3= x x =x 1 1
x x 1 1

{[ ]}
1 1
B ( W 1 ∩W 2 )= 1 1
1 1

[ ][ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
a b x x 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
w 4 ∈W 1 +W 2 → w4 = c d + y y =a 0 0 + b 0 0 +c 1 0 + d 0 1 + x 0 0 + y 1 1 =a 0 0 +b 0 0 +
a b y y 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

{[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]}
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
B ( W 1 +W 2 )= 0 0 , 0 0 , 1 0 , 0 1 , 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

Dim ( W 1+W 2 )=Dim ( W 1 ) + Dim ( W 2 ) −Dim ( W 1 ∩W 2 )