Academic Writing Essay Form

Title: Opinion Writing Name : Gabriela Fidelia Hasel

Week : 2

Date : 20-2-2019

I always like to learn another language from any country. They have their own
uniqueness. I also like topics about study of mind and behavior. That is why I chose language
and literature or psychology as my major course in college. Choose course that interest us the
most is really important. While choose the thing that we interest in, it will help us to learn
with passion and pure curiosity and not by forced. I take Korean Studies because I learn a lot
about the language since Junior High School. Since then I really want to know more than just
learning by myself. I take Korean Studies to know and understand not just things that make
Korea big like the boy band and girl band, dramas, or the products they make but more into
the literature and culture that make them Korean.

The reason I did not choose another language studies because I put a lot interest in
Korea and I think with learning this studies will give me a good opportunities in my life in
the future. My course is Korean Language and Culture Program, from here I would like to
learn about the basic language then developing it into literatures like poem, novel, or song’s
lyrics. Moreover I would like to study and learn about their mindset and the human behavior
of Koreans. What makes them the way they are, how they think about issues, what they do
believe in, etc. I also want to know about their ethics, rules, customs then compare it with
Indonesia especially East Java.

With this course, I hope that I could experience and learn everything in the fullest
then use it for my own good also for other. Learning about another nation’s culture could
open our eyes to see through different perspective and make good relation between the two
nations. With learning every aspect about Korea I could enjoy my work also helping the
country to developing more into a better one.
Academic Writing Essay Form

Title: Outline Name : Gabriela Fidelia Hasel

Week : 3

Date : 28-2-2019

Title : A Comparison: Politeness in Java and Korea

Introduction : Description about Multiculturalism in Indonesia,

Description about Monoculturalism in Korea,

Definition of politeness.

Main body : Showing the similarities and the differences through :

Description about politeness in each culture’s linguistic manner,

Description about honorific manner in each nations,

Using honorific words to talk to elder/senior and politeness in act with the

example,

Using the honorific manner related to age, gender issues, and social rank
verbally and behaviour.

Conclusion : What makes the two cultures have similarities and differences.
Academic Writing Essay Form

Title: Formal Writing Name : Gabriela Fidelia Hasel

Week : 4

Date : 13-3-2019

A Comparison: Politeness in Java and Korea

Culture is a result in a form of human’s creative idea by successfully confronted and

adapted to the situations and challenges they faced through their daily’s activities. This result
of their creative idea is considered being the decent and wise, proper and appropriate ways to
be done. Indonesia has a culture called multiculturalism where in one nation can be found
various culture in each region. Therefore in Indonesia there is no culture that is more
important or more right than the other one. This diversity is being respected and preserved.
Korea has a culture opposite to Indonesia, that is monoculturalism. This kind of culture is
where in one nation there is only one culture that being followed and being honoured by
every corner of the nation. They are really proud and pleased about their own culture, they
believe that their customs and ethics are native product from their ancestor and it become
their nation’s characteristic that only they have. In this contrast cultures between the two
nations, politeness is a culture that both nations have as an Asian. Politeness is mannerism or
behaviour where people being modest and respectful especially toward people with high
standing such as: parents, elder, or superior.

In this comparison, this article will explain the similarities and differences between
Indonesia especially Central Java and Korea about their act manner toward the elder or
someone as seen as senior through politeness they use in speaking or act. Both Central Java
and Korea using politeness to show their respect toward someone their faced. To distinguish
their manner between polite and not is by using different style in their word. They use
honorific words to talk to their elder, senior, or someone that has higher standing.
Eventhough there will have the same meaning between regular word and honorific word,
they use the honorific one to show respect and mean to be humble in front of the person they
talk to.
Academic Writing Essay Form

Example in both language: in Central Java, a word ‘sleep’ used in normal

conversation will be ‘turu’ but in honorific word become ‘sare’. In Korea a word ‘sleep’ use
in normal conversation will be ‘자다’ [jada] while in honorific word become ‘주무시다’
[jumusida]. Another example from both nations is using the word ‘read’. In Central Java the
normal word will be ‘moco’ while in honorific word will be ‘maos’. In Korea word ‘읽다’
[iktta] use in normal conversation while ‘읽으시다’ [ilgesida] is used in honorific talking.

They use politeness in their act too. They will show their formal act than become less
tense while interacting with someone they respected. In other manner to respect is in table
manner. Both Central Java and Korea have the similarity in their behaviour while they have a
meal with their senior. They will wait for the senior to eat first before they start eating. They
will not talk a lot and prefer silent when eating and if being spoken to they will speak with a
low voice. The younger one will wait until their elder finish their eating and not allowing
leaving the eating session before the elder dismissed them. In Korea, they use chopstick and
spoon to eat and it is not appropriated to lift their plate or bowl to eat. It should stay on the
desk. On the other hand, Central Java, is using either spoon, fork, or hand to eat with more
flexible place to eat like on the desk or by lifting the plate on their hand while eating.

In a matter of walking and passing by with someone either stranger or someone they
know in the two culture have a little bit different. In Central Java, they will bow a little or
smile to person they are passing by. While in Korea, they will bow and greet the people they
see as an elder or senior but when they passing by with stranger they will just walk without
interacting with them.

In both nations same situation according gender issues happened. They have the same
opinion about male above female eventough in both nations have been declared and
supported the emancipation of women. They have their clasification of some occupations like
driver is for men, make up and beauty is for women and so on. In other topic, men have more
degree than women. But again, with the politeness they apply in their daily life, this
classification will not be a problem. Because the person above them wether they are a woman
or man they still respect them with the politeness manner. For example if the manager of
some company is a woman, the people with lower position will treating her as their superior.
Academic Writing Essay Form

Another example, someone with younger age have worked in some work place early then
other their age because of their capability, the older one that just started working there will
respect them with the politeness manner as their elder.

In conclusion, this politeness from both nations have the similarity of using the
honorific ethics to respect and honour their elder as a thank for what their elder has done and

taught for the ancestry. Asian culture has this manner in same idea with their own way of
showing it. That is why the differences exist. They face their own challenges in their
geographic situations and historical story. It also because of the developing education and
ideology that every nations have so they see life in their own believe. Yet the differences not
make the good act any less good and less respected.
Academic Writing Essay Form

Title: Note making Name : Gabriela Fidelia Hasel

Week : 6

Date : 10-4-2019

1. Accroding to Kim (2011,176), Koreans comprehend politeness as a “concept that is

intricately associated with a linguistic entity known as honorifics – a system that
encodes one’s deference towards speaking partners who are viewed as superior in age
or in social standing.” (Sooho Song, 2014)
 Korean people see politeness is really related to linguistic entity which called
honorifics – a system that specify someone respect in front of the addressee
that seen as superior in age or in social class. (Sooho Song, 2014)

2. In Korea, people’s relative power is important in interpersonal relationships because

of the hierarchical nature of the society and culture (Hwang 1990; Song 2012).
(Sooho Song, 2014)
 Because of the stratified trait culture, Korean society find someone’s
comparative authority is important in social communication. (Sooho Song,
2014)

3. According to Kim (2011), indirectness and implicitness are the two main
characteristic of Korean rhetorical style. (Sooho Song, 2014)
 The main characteristics of Korean linguistic style are indirectness and
politeness as mentioned by Kim (2011). (Sooho Song, 2014)

4. Koreans clearly favor minimizing the imposition of the task to avoid hurting the
addressee’s feelings (Kim and Bresnahan 1994). (Sooho Song, 2014)
 To avoid offending the receiver’s feeling Korean people consider to decrease
the burden of the task they asked to be done. (Sooho Song, 2014)
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5. In declarative sentences, the relative status, age, and familiarity of the addressee to the
speaker determines the presence or absence of an honorific morpheme in the predicate
ending. (Sooho Song, 2014)
 The using of an honorific morpheme in the predicate ending depends on the
relation between the speaker and the person they talk to. (Sooho Song, 2014)

6. The second distinct feature is that there are three components to the Korean honorific
system – honorific nouns, honorific verbs, and honorific suffixes. (Sooho Song, 2014)
 Korean honorific system has three components namely: honorific nouns,
honorific verbs, and honorific suffixes. (Sooho Song, 2014)

7. The uniqueness of Javanese, for example, can be found in the properties of speech
level (Uhlenbeck, 1970; Poedjosoedarmo, 1979), or speech style (Errington, 1988) as
one of the linguistic devices in politeness. (Sukarno, 2010)
 One of the uniqueness from Javanese is applying politeness in linguistic
through their speech manner that including different use and purpose.
(Sukarno, 2010)

8. In their daily lives, Javanese people are greatly influenced by some concepts which
are well noted in the Javanese culture, namely: tata krama, andhap-asor, and tanggap
ing sasmita (the language styles, humbling oneself while exalting others, and being
able to catch the hidden meaning). (Sukarno, 2010)
 Tata krama, andhap-asor, and tanggap ing sasmita are the ethics that
Javanese people have that really attached to their personality and their lives in
general. (Sukarno, 2010)

9. In other words, the uniqueness of the Javanese politeness is the result of the reflection
of the Javanese culture. (Sukarno, 2010)
 Javanese politeness is coming from Javanese culture along with the
uniqueness of it. (Sukarno, 2010)
Academic Writing Essay Form

10. Some others, (Poedjosoedarmo, 1979; Errington, 1988), claim that there are three
levels: Ngoko, low level, Krama Madya (intermediate level), and Krama Inggil
(honorifics). (Sukarno, 2010)
 There are three levels of linguistic style to show politeness in Javanese
language, namely: Ngoko, low level, Krama Madya, intermediate level, and
Krama Inggil, honorifics. (Sukarno, 2010)