2.

5 ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
State of Floatation of An Object In A Fluid

Object which partially or fully immersed

in a fluid will experience a buoyant force
equal to the weight of fluid displaced.

Formula:

Buoyant force is the force acting upwards on an

object immersed in liquid when there is pressure
difference between the lower surface and upper
surface of the object. Applications
1. Hydrometer
2. Submarine
3. Cartesian Diver
4. Ship and Plimsoll line
5. Hot air balloon

Apparent weight = …………………..

Real weight = …………………..
Buoyant force = Real weight – apparent weight
= ………………………….

Weight of water displaced = ……….

Volume of submerged object = …………
Volume of liquid displaced = ………..

Conclusion:
Relate buoyant force and weight of liquid
displaced

Relate volume of liquid displaced and volume of

submerged object.
EXERCISE
EXERCISE
1. A raft floating in the sea. The mass of the
raft is 54 kg and the density of the sea
water is 1080 kgm-3.
[g = 9.81 ms-2]
a) What is the weight of the raft?
b) Compare the weight of the raft with the
weight of sea water displaced.
c) Calculate the volume of water displaced by
the raft.
2. Diagram 2.1 shows a submarine floating in
the sea due to the effect of buoyant force.
Diagram 2.1
a) What is the meaning of buoyant force? (1m)
b) Explain how a submarine is able to submerge
into deep sea water. (4m)
c) The Ministry of Defense is organizing a
competition among the Engineering students
to build a submarine. As a team leader, you
are required to give some suggestions to
design a submarine that is safe, fast and can
travel deep underwater.
Using your knowledge of motion, forces and
properties of materials, state and explain the
suggestions based on the following aspects:
i) Shape of submarine
ii) Strength of material of the body of
submarine
iii) Rusting rate of the material used
iv) Component for submarine to submerge
or float
v) Extra features that can be added.
(10m)
3. Diagram 10.1 and 10.2 show two boats of
the same mass floating o the surface of
water in the sea and in the river. The
density of sea water is 1025 kgm-3 and
river water is 1000 kgm-3. The boat float
due to the buoyant force exerts on it.
Diagram 10.1
Diagram 10.2
a) By using Diagram 10.1 and 10.2, compare
the density of water, the buoyant force,
the level of the boat float and the volumes
of water displaced by the boat.
Relate the volume of the water displaced
and the density of the water to deduce the
relevant physics concept.
(5 m)