Electricity

• Know what electric power is

• Electric power measures the rate of electrical energy
transfer by an electric circuit per unit of time
• Its unit of measurement
• SI unit of power which is watt or one joule per second.
• Electric power is commonly supplied by electric batteries
and produced by electric generators

Objective 3
 Current Voltage

Voltage, also called Current is just the rate of flow

electromotive force, is simply of electric charge.
the energy per unit charge.
In other words, Voltage is the
difference in electric potential
between two points.

Objective 3
• Relationship between resistance, current and voltage
• This relationship explained by ohms Law
• This states that the current flowing in a circuit is directly
proportional to the applied voltage and inversely
proportional to the resistance of the circuit, provided the
temperature remains constant.

Objective 2
V=IR
• where
• V is the voltage applied to the circuit, in volts (V);
• I is the amount of current flowing within the circuit, in
amps (A); and
• R is the resistance of the circuit. in ohms (Ω);
• The formula for resistance from Ohm's law is:
• R = V/I
• You can also express R in terms of the electrical power
(P):
• R = P/I² = V²/P

Ohm's law equation for

resistance
What is earth wire?
• Earth wires are the important components of the electrical
circuits.
• Earth wire prevents live wire from overloading.
• Earth wire absorbs the excess electrons and channelize them to
flow beneath the ground.
• It protects the electrical appliances from damages.
• The function of an earth wire

• A metallic body of high power rating electrical equipment is

earthed by ground wire, that protects us from electric shocks.
• It also avoids live wire overloading or permits any leakage of
electric charge via the body of metallic appliances that may
easily be transmitted to the ground. That is why it is vital to
earth metallic equipment.
• Its importance to earth metallic appliances.

• Grounding wires provide an alternate channel for electricity to

go back to the source rather than via anybody who comes into
contact with a potentially harmful device or electrical box.
• Some electrical gadgets, including vacuum cleaners as well as
drills, don't even have an earth wire.
• While a fuse prevents devices and homes against power
overloads only, circuit breakers protect homes and
devices against power overloads and short-circuiting.

Use of fuse and circuit

breaker