RICE FARMING PROJECT PROPOSAL

I. Executive Summary

The project's goals are to increase rice production, increase sustainability, and help
farmers in the target area preserve their way of life. The initiative aims to boost crop
output, lower production costs, and improve overall rice farming productivity through
the use of cutting-edge agricultural practices, the use of contemporary technology, and
the promotion of effective water management.

The project has three different objectives. First and foremost, it seeks to enhance
farmers' technical expertise and understanding by offering training and access to
necessary tools. This will make it possible for them to implement cutting-edge farming
practices, maximize the use of resources, and successfully control pests and illnesses. In
order to lessen the effects of water shortage and increase water usage efficiency, the
project also aims to improve water management practices by building effective irrigation
systems and encouraging water conservation techniques. Finally, the project intends to
improve rice farmers' access to markets and value chains by strengthening market
linkages and value chains and encouraging fair trade principles.

The rice growing project is significant on several levels. By expanding rice production and
guaranteeing a steady supply of this staple crop, it first helps to provide food security.
Additionally, the project supports environmental sustainability by avoiding the use of
toxic pesticides and conserving natural resources. This is done by implementing
sustainable farming practices including integrated pest management and effective water
management. Additionally, the project is essential for increasing farmers' livelihoods,
raising their earning potential, and promoting rural development. It enhances farmers'
resilience and lowers poverty in the target area by providing them with information,
resources, and access to markets. Overall, the rice farming initiative serves as a driving
force for agricultural development, environmental sustainability, and social
improvement.

II. Introduction

Rice farming in the Philippines is a crucial component of the country's agricultural

landscape, providing sustenance and livelihoods for millions. The Philippines, known as
the "Rice Bowl of Asia," has a rich history of rice cultivation and a diverse range of
ecosystems suitable for its growth.
 Predominantly carried out by small-scale farmers, rice farming involves stages such as
land preparation, rice variety selection, planting, monitoring, and harvesting. Despite
challenges such as limited access to technology and the impact of climate change,
efforts are underway to promote sustainable practices and support the welfare of rice
farmers.

Beyond ensuring food security, rice farming contributes to rural development,

employment generation, and poverty alleviation. It is a vital sector in the Philippines,
serving as the backbone of many farming communities and playing a significant role in
the nation's agricultural economy.

III. Methodology
Site and Area:
Source of Planting Materials:

Farmer Training and Capacity Building:

- Conduct training programs to enhance farmers' knowledge and skills in modern rice
farming techniques, such as integrated crop management, water-efficient irrigation, and
pest management.
- Organize workshops and demonstrations to promote the adoption of best practices in
rice cultivation.
- Provide access to educational materials, online resources, and expert guidance for
continuous learning.
Irrigation
Since rice is a crop that uses a lot of water and needs a lot of water to grow and develop,
irrigation is essential to rice farming in the Philippines. Most rice fields in Misamis
Oriental are irrigated and commonly use Controlled Irrigation.

Land Clearing and Crop Establishment:

a. Labor Works

The said project is expected to utilize labor force within the barangay. Labor involved
in the project will include clearing of the area, plowing, harrowing, planting,
fertilization, irrigation, pesticide application, harvesting and post-harvest
management.

b. Land Preparation
 Land clearing and cleaning: This stage involves removing existing vegetation, rocks,
and debris from the field. It will require 2 man-days per hectare.

Plowing and harrowing: The plowing process loosens the soil, and harrowing helps
break up clumps and create a fine seedbed. It can take 4 man-machine hours per
hectare using hand tractor.

Leveling: Leveling the field to ensure uniform water distribution to 2 man-days per
hectare, depending on the topography and the complexity of the field.

Smoothing and final preparation: This step involves fine-tuning the field's surface
and removing any remaining lumps or unevenness. It may require approximately 1
man-day per hectare.

c. Planting

40kg of high-quality rice seeds is sufficient to plant in a 1-hectare field since a

kilogram of rice seeds contains 40,000 seeds and can produce 1.6 million seedlings.
Planting distance for transplanting rice seedlings is 20cm x 20cm. With this, the
project has 250,000 hills per hectare at three (3) seedlings per hill. There could be
around 50,000 extra seedlings that farmers can use for replanting in cases when
pests cause damage.

Computation
   
   
40,000 grains x 40 kg = 1.6 M grains  
1kg  
   
Planting distance = 20 x 20 cm  
   
1 ha  
250,000 hills x 3 seedlings/hill = 750,000 seedlings
   
a. 800,000 - 750,000 = 50,000  
50% germinated seedling req't extra seedlings
seeds per hectare for replanting
   
b. 1,360,000 - 750,000 = 610,000  
85% germinated seedling req't extra seedlings
seeds   per hectare for replanting
d. Seed Selection and Crop Improvement

Farmers prefer using inbred seeds since it is more resistant to diseases, has a lower
price than a hybrid seed and uses less fertilizer for production. Rice seed varieties
that are considered high quality by the National Seed Industry Council (NSIC) suited
for the irrigated lowlands include NSIC Rc 160, Rc 216, Rc 222 with maturity of 122
days, 112 days, and 114 days, respectively.

Rc 160 yields at 5.6 t/ha and 8.2 t/ha maximum per hectare. It matures at 122 days if
transplanted. Rc 216 yields 6 t/ha on an average and 9.7 tons per hectare at most. Rc
222 is a high-yielding inbred with an average yield of 6.1t/ha and a maximum yield of
10t/ha (transplanted). All varieties have intermediate resistance to various stresses,
including blast, bacterial blight, and brown planthopper. However, they are still
susceptible to tungro.

e. Fertilization and Nutrient Management

Use Basal fertilization application. For Rc 216 and Rc 222 that mature in 111-120
days, feed crops with:

 2 bags of 14-14-14 or 16-20-0 at 0-14 DAT or 10-14 DAS;

 1 bag urea at 22-26 DAT or 32-36 DAS and;
 1 bag urea and 0.5 bag 0-0-60 at 32-36 DAT or 48-53 DAS.

For Rc 160 maturing in 121-130 days, feed crops with:

 2 bags of 14-14-14 or 16-20-0 at 0-14 DAT or 10-14 DAS;
 1 bag urea at 26-31 DAT or 36-40 DAS and;
 1 bag urea and 0.5 bag 0-0-60 at 36-40 DAT or 58-62 DAS.

Achieving 5-6t/ha entails spreading and decomposing 5-6 tons rice straw 30 DAS;
applying 10 bags of decomposed or air-dried chicken manure, commercial organic
fertilizer, or vermicompost 14 DAT; and mixing 2kg Ammosul in seedbed 7-10 DAS
and 4kg 14-14-14 at 10-14 DAS.

*DAT – Days after transplanting

*DAS – Days after sowing

f. Pest and Disease Management:

 Pest and disease management is essential in rice farming to protect the crop from
potential threats and ensure optimal yield and quality.

1. Tungro Disease

 Practice of synchronous planting to minimize spread of disease from

one field to another.
 Removal of infected plants while incidence is still low to prevent
further spread.

2. Fungal Diseases
 Follow recommended seeding rate or planting distance to avoid rapid
spread of fungal diseases.
 Practice sanitation at all times by performing regular weeding in the
field, levees and irrigation canals to remove possible alternate hosts.
 Proper use of recommended fungicides if necessary.
3. Bacterial Diseases

 Fallow the field after harvest and allow the field to dry.
 Avoid wounding of leaves during transplanting that may serve as
entry points of bacteria.
 Drain the field to prevent further spread and to minimize
reproduction of bacteria.

Harvesting and Post-Harvest Management:

a. Harvesting

When the crop ripens, rice grains will be filled and tight, when the grain is 80-85% color
change from green to olive-green to yellow. Take note of the optimum harvesting time
and crop maturity signs.

When harvesting the rice by sickle or knife, the rice straw will be cut 4-5 cm from the
ground level and not leaving a much bigger portion of its standing as it can have stem-
borer worms and adults to complete its life cycle.

b. Threshing

Threshing of rice will be done using a thresher. Harvested paddy should be threshed
simultaneously on the day of harvest. The paddy will be dried soon after threshing both
 in the outdoor and the in-door sheds to prevent grains from fermentation if the
moisture remains in a heap or bag of grains for too long.

Rice straws and panicles harvested that are wet from over-night rains or by the morning
dew will be field-dried before threshing. Morning-half of the day is committed to
harvesting and afternoon-half of the day is to do all the threshing.

c. Drying

Sun-dry the wet paddy in the barangay Multi-purpose Drying Pavement (MPDP) that
comes with a minimal rental fee. Every 30 minutes, the paddy will be turned-over with a
garden rake, your hands, and your feet, gently spreading the grains as they dry. Rice
paddy that is dried slowly won't crack.

By implementing these activities and approaches, the project aims to enhance rice
farming practices, improve productivity, sustainability, and profitability, and empower
farmers with the knowledge and resources needed for long-term success.

MARKETING

PRODUCTION AND EXPECTED INCOME WITHIN THE 5 YEAR PRODUCTION PERIOD

Estimated Volume of Production of One (1) hectare Rice Farm Using Inbred Varieties
Table a. Estimated Volume of Production of One – hectare Rice Production

Volume of Production (kg/ha)

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

(Marketable (Marketable (Marketable (Marketable (Marketable

Yield in kg) Yield in kg) Yield in kg) Yield in kg) Yield in kg)

1st Cropping 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845

2nd Cropping 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845

3rd Cropping 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845 4,845

TOTAL 14,535 14,535 14,535 14,535 14,535

 Assume:
- 250,000 hills at 3 seedlings per hill.
- 5% damage of unforeseen disaster.
- 85% marketable yield for losses or rejects.
- 6t/ha gross production.

Table b. Estimated Cost of Production of One-hectare Rice Production

Production Cost of Rice

  Measure Quantity Unit Amount
Labor Cost  
  Clearing and Cleaning MD 2 PHP 350.00 PHP 700.00
  Plowing and Harrowing MMH 4 PHP 45.00 PHP 180.00
  Leveling MD 2 PHP 350.00 PHP 700.00
  Smoothing and Final Preparation MD 1 PHP 350.00 PHP 350.00
  Planting MD 25 PHP 350.00 PHP 8,750.00
  Fertilization MD 4 PHP 350.00 PHP 1,400.00
  Pesticide Application MD 1 PHP 350.00 PHP 350.00
  Harvesting MD 15 PHP 350.00 PHP 5,250.00
  Drying MD 6 PHP 350.00 PHP 2,100.00
  SUB-TOTAL PHP 19,780.00
Material Cost  
  Seeds kg 40 PHP 29.00 PHP 1,160.00
  Air-dried Chicken Manure bag 10 PHP 150.00 PHP 1,500.00
  Urea bag 2 PHP 1,650.00 PHP 3,300.00
  Ammosul bag 0.04 PHP 930.00 PHP 37.20
  Complete 14-14-14 bag 2.08 PHP 1,895.00 PHP 3,941.60
  Mancozeb 80WP (Pesticide) kg 1 PHP 435.00 PHP 435.00
  SUB-TOTAL PHP 10,373.80
Other Cost  
  Drying sack 97 PHP 5.00 PHP 485.00
  Transport (Farm to Buyer) sack 97 PHP 3.00 PHP 291.00
  SUB-TOTAL PHP 776.00
      GRAND TOTAL PHP 30,929.80
 Table c. Estimated Cost and Profit Analysis of One-hectare Rice Production
YEAR
1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL
Net Marketable
Yield (kg/ha) 14,535 14,535 14,535 14,535 14,535 72,675

Gross Income P232,560 P232,560 P232,560 P232,560 P232,560 P1,162,800

Cost of P92,790 P92,790 P92,790 P92,790 P92,790 P463,950

Production
Net income P139,770 P139,770 P139,770 P139,770 P139,770 P698,850

Assume:
- Farm gate price is P16.00 to give room for price fluctuation (usually P16.00 to
P18.00).

CASH FLOW
1-Year CASH FLOW

INITIAL TOTAL TOTAL

CAPITAL/BEGINNI ADD: CASH LAON FARMERS CASH CASH LESS: CASH LABOR/MATERIALS LOAN CASH ENDING
NG BALANCE INFLOW PROCEEDS EQUITY SALES INFLOW OUTFLOW /OTHER EXPENSES PAYMENT OUTFLOW BALANCE
100,000 7,211 232,560 339,771 92,790 114,000 206,790 132,981
AGRIBUSINEES FRAMEWORK