COMPARATIVE POLITICS
VIETNAM
• Vietnam is a long, narrow nation shaped
like the letter s. It is in Southeast Asia on
the eastern edge of the peninsula known
as Indochina. Its neighbors include China
to the north and Laos and Cambodia to
the west. The South China Sea lies to the
east and south.
FORM AND STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT
FORM: One-party rule
A one-party system or a one party by definition
refers to a political framework where a
one/single political party forms and runs the
government.
According to Renske and Nijzink (2013) one
party state could operate in an authoritarian
context or even in some cases in multiparty
framework set up. What matters is the legal
framework in place and other social, economic
and political factors that will discussed late in
this article.
STRUCTURE: one-party Communist state
Vietnam has a communist government. It is one
of the five remaining communist countries in the
world today. The president is the head of the
republic, and the prime minister is the head of
the government.
A unicameral, popularly elected National
Assembly is the supreme organ of the
government.
Initially, administrative responsibilities were
divided along narrow functional lines among
many ministries; there were, for example,
numerous economic ministries concerned with
agriculture and the food industry, marine
products, forestry, and water conservancy.
FUNCTIONS OF THE THREE BRANCHES
OF THE GOVERNMENT
EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF THE
GOVERNMENT OF VIETNAM
• The Executive consists of the president,
the prime minister, and the government.
The national assembly elects the
president for a five-year term, and he can
serve for only two terms.
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH OF THE
GOVERNMENT OF VIETNAM
• It formulates policies and controls all
state activities. The members are elected
through elections and serve for a term of
five years.
JUDICIAL BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT
OF VIETNAM
• The highest organ of the judiciary is the
Supreme People's Court which consists
of the chief justice, deputy chief justice,
jurors, and court secretaries and is the
highest court of appeal.
• The Supreme People's Prosecutor
oversees the work of the ministries,
government organs, local authorities, the
security forces, and the citizens of
Vietnam.
ROYLAND JAVIER || III – POLSCI
 COMPARATIVE POLITICS

SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL / ECONOMIC CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

CHALLENGE OF THE COUNTRY
• Vietnam continued to systematically
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
• According to a report compiled by Knight
Frank, a UK-based company, Vietnam
had more than 200 individuals whose net
worth was over $30 million. The report
also predicted that until 2026, Vietnam
would have 540 super-rich people and
38,600 millionaires, one of the fastest
growth rates in the world. An Instagram
account of Rich Kids of Vietnam with
nearly 100,000 followers showed off how
children of wealthy families spent their
fortunes on shopping sprees, luxurious
designer items, world travelling and so
on.
• The problem of income inequality is
further complicated by the low level of
economic mobility among various
disadvantaged groups in Vietnam.
violate basic civil and political rights in
2020. The government, under the one-
party rule of the Communist Party of
Vietnam, tightened restrictions on
freedom of expression, association,
peaceful assembly, movement, and
religion. Prohibitions remained on the
formation or operation of independent
unions and any other organizations or
groups considered to be a threat to the
Communist Party’s monopoly of power.
Authorities blocked access to several
websites and social media pages and
pressured social media and
telecommunications companies to
remove or restrict content critical of the
government or the ruling party.
COMPARISON WITH PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT

CORRUPTION
• Corruption is not news in Vietnam.
According to the Transparency
International in 2017, the country was
among the poorest performing countries
in terms of transparency, ranking 107
among 180 nations with a score of 35 out
of 100. According to the 2017 Provincial
Competitiveness Index compiled by
VCCI Vietnam in collaboration with
USAID, 53% of companies surveyed
stated that they had to make unofficial
payments for customs procedures.

ROYLAND JAVIER || III – POLSCI

 COMPARATIVE POLITICS
CONCLUDING ANALYSIS
• Socialism as it beautifully would like to
have equality in the society,
incontrovertibly would only proximate
societal inefficiency.
• A socialist state is truly a promising type
of government, but its conditions are
beyond the capacity of the reality.
• Just like in Vietnam, albeit the fact that
they are a socialist state, still an
exorbitant number of inequalities in
myriad of forms are highly presented in
their country.
• In a hypothetical manner, Philippines
having this kind of government structure
would only exacerbates the deterioration
of the political sphere and moreover our
economy.
• Capitalism rewards merit, socialism
rewards mediocrity. – Chuck Lehmann
REFERENCES
Linda Williams, L. L. (n.d.). International
Business. Retrieved from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-
internationalbusiness/chapter/reading-the-
disadvantages-of-
socialism/#:~:text=Disadvantages of socialism
include slow,individuals due to lesser rewards.
Socialist Republic of Vietnam. (n.d.). Retrieved
from https://vietnamembassy-
usa.org/vietnam/politics/government-structure
Philippines vs Vietnam Government Stats
Compared. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.nationmaster.com/country-
info/compare/Philippines/Vietnam/Government
Sawe, B. E. (2019, March 28). What Type Of
Government Does Vietnam Have? Retrieved
from https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-
type-of-government-does-vietnam-
Lehmann, C. (2020, July 24). Capitalism vs.
socialism: Which is better?: Opinion. Retrieved
from https://www.sun-
sentinel.com/community/delray-sun/fl-cn-
opinion-capitalism-vs-socialism-20200724-
74moayvxnnhfdb6giibxwwxf64-story.html
ROYLAND JAVIER || III – POLSCI