Champagne

Climate:Strong and cool continental with Atlantic maritine

influences.
  Champagne represents the most notherly of all the French
wine regions. It lies between the 49ﾟ~49.5ﾟ.

History of olddest sparkling wine:

  In France, the monks of Saint Hilaire located near the
Languedoc town of Limoux are credited with crafting the first
sparkling wine this very manner. The monks were making
Blanquette de Limoux in 1531(olddest sparkling is not
Champagne).
  Gosset was established in 1584.
  Ruinart was established in 1729.

3 Traditional grapevine of
Champagne(9th~16th century):
Gouais Noir
Gouais Blanc
Fromenteau(Pinot Gris)

7 Modern grapevine of Champagne(16th

century~today):
Pinot Noir(38%)
Pinot Meunier(34%)
Chardonnay(28%) :Most aicidity and alcohol
another varieties are still autborized in the Champagne
AOC: Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Arbanne, Petit Meslier.
 

The sub-region of Champagne and the

grapes they grow:
The montagne & Val de Reims:4 terroirs
1. Massif de Saint-Thierry: PM                         Soil: sand, clay,
marl
2. Vesle and Ardre Valleys: PM                         Soil: sand, clay,
marl
3. Monts de Berru: C                                             Soil: chalk
4. Grande Montagne de Reims: PN                Soil: some are
limestone-rich marl, others are chalk
Vallée de la Marne: 6 terriors (dominated by PM)
1. Grand Vallée de la Marne: PN                        Soil: eastern
fringe borders Dry Champagne chalk sun-soils, the rest of
valley is comprised of sand, clay, marl.
2. Coteaux Sud d'Epernay: C/PM                      Soil: chalk, sand,
clay, marl
3. Vallée de la Marne River Gauche(left bank): PM         Soil:
sand, clay, marl
4. Vallée de la Marne Rive Droite(right bank): PM              Soil:
sand, clay, marl
5. Condé: PM                                                              Soil: large
limestone uplift
6. Vallée de la Marne Ouest: PM                         Soil: sand, clay,
marl
Côte des Blancs and Surrounding: 5 terriors(Only
Chardonnay except Val du petit Morin)
1. The côte des Blancs: C        Soil: chalk
2. Val du petit Morin: PM/C    Soil: mix of chalk, sand, clay, marl
3. Sézannais: C                            Soil: chalk, some clay
4. Vitryat: C                                   Soil: chalk
5. Montgeux: C                            Soil: chalk

The Côte des Bar: 2 terriors

1. Bar sur Aubois: PN               Soil: Kimmeridgien marl
2. Barséquanias: PN                 Soil: Kimmeridgien marl

Champagene Grand Cru(17):

Ambonnay
Avize
Aÿ
 Beaumont-sur-Vesle
Bouzy
Chouilly
Cramant
Louvois
Mailly Champagne
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
Oger
Oiry
Puisieulx
Sillery
Tours-sur-Marne
Verzenay
Verzy

The soils of Champagene:

Belemnite and Micraster Chalk:
↑Belemnite (relative of today's squid烏賊)                                                
↑Micraster(sea-urchin海膽)

The belemnite chalk ended up at the upper to mid-slope leves.

The Micraster chalk finds itself where the slope begins to flatten.
Kimmeridgien marl:
The soils found in Cote des Bar(Aube)are different. It is
comprised of Virgulien marl, also known as Kimmeridgien marl.
These fossilized marine deposits are those of a small comma-
shaped oyster known as Exogyra virgule(大貝蛤).
Limestone-rich marl:
  This soil type is only found in the Cote des Bar. It does not have
the water-retention capacity of chalk. Limestone-rich marl are
the preferred soils of PN. marls deliver a deeply aromatic, earthy
expression of PN

The AOCs:
  There are three AOCs in Champagne:
1. AOC Rosé des Riceys: 100% rosé(PN)
2. AOC Coteaux Champenois: 100% still
3. AOC Champagne: 100% sparkling

AOC Rosé des Riceys is a Pinot Noir Rosé produced in the

three villages of Les Riceys in the Aube.
AOC Coteaux Champenois varieties only from Arbane,
Chardonnay, PM, PB , PG, PN, Petit Meslier.

Champagne House and Cuvée:

 Champagne
Cuvée Vintage Picture
House

86 90 96 99
Sourire de
Henri abelé 02 03 07 08
Reims
09

Cuvée perle 97~02 05 06

Ayala
d'ayala 09 12 13

Cuvée Nicolas- 95~00 02

François 06~08 17
Billecart-salmon
Le Clos st.Hilaire 95 96 98 99 02
BdB 03 06

Joyau de 95 96 00 04
Boizel
France 07 08
 Vieilles
Vignes
Françaises( 96~00, 02, 04
VVF) 10~13
R.D. 95~00 02 04
Bollinger (Recemme 05 07
nt 95~97 99~02
Degorge) 04 05 07 08
La grande 11~15
Anne
e

90 95 96 99
Bruno Paillard Nec Plus Ultra
02~04 08

Burtin-Besserat Cuvée des

NV
de Bellefon Moines
 Canard- Cuvée charles
NV
Duchêne vii

Cattier clos du moulin NV

Charles Blanc des 85 90 95 04

Heidsieck millenaires 06

De Castellane Commodore NV

Charles de
Stradivarius NV
cazanove

82,83,85,89,9
Grand vin des
De venoge 0,92,93,96,99,
princes
00,14
 00,02,03,05~
Amour de
Deutz 11,13,
Deutz
15,17

Femme de
NV
Champagne
NV
Duval-Leroy Fluer de
86,90,96,99,02,
Champagne
06,08
Cuvée des Roys

Celebirs 98,02,03,04,0
Gosset Grand 7,08
98,99,00,04,06,07
Millesime
,12,15

Heidsieck & Co 82,85,89,95,9

Diamant Bleu
Monolope 6,99
 Cuvée des 95,96,98~00,
Henriot
Enchanteleurs 05,11

Avize Grand cru 95~97,00,04,

Jacquesson
champ cain 05,08

Krug Clos du mesnil 98~06

Lanson Noble Cuvée 95,97~00,02

Laurent-Perrier Grand siècle NV

00,02,04~08,
Perrier-Jouet Belle époque
11~13
 02,04,06~08,
Piper-Heidsieck Rare
12

00~02,04,06,
Sir winston
Pol Roger 08,09,
churchill
12,13

Pommery Cuvée Louise NV

00,02~04,06~
Louis Roederer Cristal 09,
12~14

96,98,02,04,06,
Ruinart Dom Ruinart 07,
09~11,15

95~97,99,02,
Salon Cuvee 'S' 04,
06~08,12

93~00,02,04~
Comtes de
Taittinger 08,
Champagne
11~13
 Cuvée Alain
95,96,99,02,0
Thiénot
7,08
Cuvée Stanislas
Thiénot 04~08
Cuvée Garance
05~12,15
La vigne aux
97~02,04~09
gamins

La Grande
98,04~06,08,09
Veuve Cliquot Dame
,12,20
Ponsardin Cliquot Rich 95~00,02,04,08
Reserve ,11~15
 Cuvee R. Lalou 85 98 99 02
G.H. Mumm Mumm de 06
cramant NV

95,96,98~00,
Grande
Drappier 02,
Sendrée
04~06,08~11

Nicolas 95~99,02,04~0
Palmes d'or
Feuillatte 6,08,16

96,00,02,04,0
Paul Goerg Cuvée Lady
5,07

Coeur de
Vilmart & Cie 04,07,09~11
Cuvée

Champagne Level of Sweetness:

 Level of
Term
Sweetness

No dosage added
Brut Nature
0~0.3% sugar

Extra Brut 0~0.6% sugar

Brut 0~1.2% sugar

Extra-Sec 1.2~1.7% sugar

Sec 1.7%~3.2% sugar

Demi-sec 3.2%~5% sugar

Doux Over 5%