Lesson 2

A / AN THIS / THAT / THESE /

THOSE
We use a before words which begin with consonants (b, c, d, f, g, h, k, l....)

a doctor a big car a girl

We also use a before u when it sounds like the word you ; and before eu:

university (sound: “you”): a university a European city

We use an before words which begin with vowels (a, e, i, o, u)

an apple an interesting film

We also use an before words that begin with a silent h. Compare hour and house:

hour ( sound: “our”): an hour

house: a house
EXERCISE 1
Write a or an.

1. ________ old book.

2. ________ window.
3. ________ horse.
4. ________ airport.
5. ________ new airport.
6. ________ organization.
7. ________ university.
8. ________ hour.
9. ________ economic problem.
EXERCISE 2 & follow the instructions below

a) What are the things? Choose from the box.

1. A duck is___________________.

2. A carrot is __________________.
bird
3. Tennis is ___________________. fruit
mountain
4. A hammer is _______________.
river
5. Everest is ___________________. musical instrument
flower
6. Saturn is ___________________. game
planet
7. A banana is ________________.
tool
8. The Amazon is ______________. vegetable

9. A rose is ____________________.

10. A trumpet is ________________.

PLURALS

THE PLURAL OF A NOUN IS USUALLY -s:

singular (=one) plural (=two or more)

a flower Some flowers

a train two trains

one week a few weeks

a nice place some nice places

this student these students

PLURALS

-s / -sh / -ch / -x -es bus buses dish dishes

church churches box boxes

also potato potatoes tomato tomatoes

-y -ies baby babies dictionary dictionaries

but -ay / -ey / -oy -ys day days monkey monkeys boy boys

-f / -fe -ves shelf shelves knife knives wife wives

PLURALS
Some plurals do not end in -s:

this man these men one foot two feet that sheep those sheep
a woman some women a tooth all my teeth a fish a lot of fish
a child many children a mouse some mice

Also a person two people / some people / a lot of people etc. :

❏ She’s a nice person.

but

❏ They are nice people. (not nice persons)

EXERCISE 3 & follow the instructions below

a) Write the plural

1. flower___________________. 1. There are a lot of ____________ in the

2. boat__________________. field.
3. woman___________________.
2. Gary is cleaning his __________. sheep
4. city_______________. tooth
5. umbrella___________________. 3. There are three __________ at the person
child
6. address___________________. bus stop.
fish
7. knife________________. leaf
4. Anne hast got two _________.
8. sandwich______________.
9. family____________________. 5. There are a lot of ___________ in the

10. foot________________. river.

11. holiday ________________.
6. The ___________are falling from the
12. potao _________________.
three.
THIS / THAT / THESE /
THOSE
this (singular) = this picture is here
Do you like this picture? (something is close to you)

these (plural) = these flowers here

These flowers are for you. (something is close to you)

that (singular) = that picture there

Do you like that picture?

those (plural) = those people there

Who are those people?
THIS / THAT / THESE /
THOSE
We use this / that / these / those with a noun (this picture / those girls etc.) or without a noun:

❏ This hotel is expensive, but it’s very nice.

❏ Who’s that girl? I don’t know.

with a noun
❏ Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week.

❏ Those apples look nice. Can I have one?

❏ This is a nice hotel, but it’s very expensive.

❏ “Excuse me, is this your bag?” “Oh yes, thank you”

without a noun
❏ Who’s that? (=Who is that person?)

❏ Which shoes do you prefer -these or those?

EXERCISE 5 & follow the instructions below

a) Complete the sentences. Use this / that / these / those.

1. Do you like ____________ ?

2. Who lives in____________? birds

house
3. How much are__________? plates
postcards
4. Look at ________________? seat
shoes
5. Excuse me, is ___________?

6. ___________ are dirty.

EXERCISE 6 & follow the instructions below

a) Write questions: Is this/ that your …? or Are these /those your?

1. Is this your bag?

2. _________________________?

3. _________________________? bag
umbrella
4. _________________________? book (close to you)
books (far away from you)
5. _________________________?
bike (far away from you)
6. _________________________? keys (close to you)
keys (far away from you)
7. _________________________? watch (close to you)
glasses (far away from you)
8. _________________________? gloves (close to you)

9. _________________________?

10. _________________________?
 Lesson 2

ADJECTIVES
ADJECTIVES
adjective + noun (nice day / blue eyes etc.)

adjective + noun

It’s a nice day today.

Florence has got brown eyes.

There’s a very old bridge in this village.

Do you like Taiwanese food?

I don’t speak any foreign languages.

There are some beautiful yellow flowers in the garde.

The adjective is before the noun:

❏ They live in a modern apartment. (not an apartment modern)

❏ Have you met any famous people? (not people famous)

The ending of an adjective is always the same:

a different place different places (not differents)
ADJECTIVES
be (am /is/was etc.) +adjective

❏ The weather is nice today.

❏ These roses are very beautiful.
❏ Are you cold? Shall I close the window?
❏ I’m hungry. Can I have something to eat?
❏ The film wasn’t very good. It was boring.
❏ Please be quiet. I’m working.
EXERCISE:
PUT THE WORDS IN THE RIGHT ORDER:

1) (new /live in / house / they / a)

2) (music / like / do / classical / you?)
3) (like / jacket / I / that / green)
4) (went to / restaurant / a / Chinese / we)
5) (had / wonderful / a / I / holiday)

Example:
1) They live in a new house
2) Do __________________________________________.
3) I ____________________________________________.
4) _____________________________________________.
_____________________________________________.
 PRACTICE & follow the instructions below

a) The words in the box are adjectives (black / foreign etc). or nouns
(air / job etc. ) Use an adjective and a noun to complete each
sentence.

air 1. Do you speak any foreign languages ?

black
2. Look at those ___________________________. It’s going to rain
clouds
dangerous 3. Anne works very hard, and she’s very tired. She needs a ________________________________.
foreign 4. I would like to have a shower, but there’s no ______________________________________________.
fresh 5. Can you open the window? We need some _______________________________________________.
holiday
6. I need a ______________________________________ to cut these onions.
hot
job 7. Fire-fighting is a___________________________________________________.
knife
languages
long
sharp
water
 Lesson 2

IMPERATIVES
IMPERATIVES
These are imperative: Go. Help. Come. Wait.

USAGE:

We use the imperatives like this:

● Come in! Have a cup of tea.

● Turn left at the post office.
● Don’t touch! It’s hot.

Note that sometimes the imperative is one word, but often we give more information:

● Help!
● Help me!
● Help me with my suitcase.

We can say please after an imperative to be more polite:

● Help me with my suitcase, please.

● Hurry up, please. We’re late.
● Come here, please.
● Listen to me, please.
IMPERATIVES

USAGE:

● We form the negative like this:

Don’t be late.
Don’t forget you books!
Don’t wait for me.

● We normally use the short form Don’t.

IMPERATIVES
We use the imperative:

To give instructions:

● Turn right at the cornes.

● Don’t forget your passport.

To give warnings:

● Look out! There’s a car coming.

● Be careful! That box is very heavy.

To give advice:

● Have a rest. You look tired.

● Take a coat. It’s cold today.
● Don’t see that film. It’s terrible!

To ask people to do things:

● Come in please, and sit down.

● Listen to this song. It’s wonderful!
● Pass the butter, please.

To make offers:

● Have another orange juice.

● Make yourself a cup of coffee.

To wish things:

● Have a good trip!

● Have a nice holiday!
 EXERCISE 1
Make complete sentences by Don’t wait for me. I’m not coming tonight.
filling the gaps with phrases
from the box. Use phrase once. 1. __________________ an umbrella with you. It's raining.
2. __________________ a rest. You look tired.
Turn left 3. __________________ at the end of the road.
Come in 4. __________________ I can’t swim!
Don’t wait 5. __________________ to take your passport.
Don’t forget! 6. __________________ There’s a cat in the road.
Stop the car! 7. __________________ to my part, please.
Help me ! 8. __________________ your books at page 84.
Don’t listen 9. __________________ the salt, please.
Pass 10. __________________ to that record. It’s terrible.
Don’t be late! 11. __________________ The bus leaves at 9 o’clock.
Open 12. __________________ and have a glass of lemonade.
Come 13. __________________ the first train in the morning.
Catch
EXERCISE 2 & follow the instructions below

Join the following words to form a sentence.

Come right. 1. Help me!

Have out! 2. _____________________.

Pass me! 3. _____________________.

Turn an orange juice. 4. _____________________.

Help your umbrella. 5. _____________________.

Don’t in. 6. _____________________.

Don’t forget to me! 7. _____________________.

Listen the milk, please. 8. _____________________.

Look touch it! 9. _____________________.