Related

Rates
Problem
Related
Rates
Introduction
Problems
 The radius of a circle is increasing at a rate of 3 cm/sec.
r 8 dr
At a certain instant, the radius is 8 centimeters. 3
dt
dA What is the rate of change of the area of the circle
?
dA
dt at that instant? A  r 2
 2 8 3
 dt
A  r 2
 dA
48  151
dt
dA d  r 
2

r   area is increasing at
151 cm2/sec.
dt dt
dA dr
 2 r 
dt dt
The side of a square is decreasing at a rate of 2 km/h. dx
2
At a certain instant, the side is 9 kilometers. x 9 dt
dA
What is the rate of change of the area of the square at that instant? ?
dt
A  x 
2
dA
2 9  2 
dx dt
dA  2
2 x dt
drx dA
x  36
dA dx x 9 dt
2 2 x
A x dt dt 
area
-36 iskm
decreasing
2
/h
at 36 km2/h.
 The radius of the base of a cylinder is decreasing at a rate of 12 km/sec.
The height of the cylinder is fixed at 2.5 kilometers. dr
...
dt
At a certain instant, the radius is 40 kilometers.
h ...
What is the rate of change of the volume of the cylinder at that instant? r ...
dV
 2r  h dV
?
dr dt
dV dr
2  h 2r 
V  r h dt dt 
dV volume is
 2.5 2 40  12 
dt decreasing
at about
dV dV 7536 km3/sec.
 2400   7536
dt dt
The radius of the base of a cone is increasing at a rate of 10 m/sec.
The height of the cone is fixed at 6 meters.
At a certain instant, the radius is 1 meter.
What is the rate of change of the volume of the cone at that instant?
2
r h
V volume is
3
dV  h dr increasing
 2 r  at about
dt 3 dt
125.6 m3/sec.
dV  6 
 2 110 
dt 3
dV dV
40  125.6
dt dt
Related rates
-multiple rates-
problems
The radius of the base of a cone is increasing at a rate of 1 m/h and
the height of the cone is decreasing at a rate of 4 m/h.
At a certain instant, the base radius is 5 m and the height is 8 m.
What is the rate of change of the volume of the cone at that instant?

dr
1 m
dt h
dh dV
 4 m ?
dt h dt
2
r h r 5 m
V h 8 m
3
 dV 
______ Product Rule
2
r h  ? V  r 2
h
V
3 dt 3
dr dV   dr dh 
1 m 2
dt h   2r h  r 1 
dt 3  dt dt 
dh
 4 m dV 
dt
r 5 m
h
dt

 2 5 18   5  1  4 
3
2

h 8 m dV 20 

dt 3
The side of the base of a square prism is increasing at a rate of 5 m/s and
the height of the prism is decreasing at a rate of 2 m/s.
At a certain instant, the base's side is 6 m and the height is 7 m.
What is the rate of change of the volume of the prism at that instant?
da
5 m
dt h
dh
 2 m
dt h
2
a 6 m V a h
h 7 m dV
?
dt
V a h2
dV da
2a h  a 2 dh

dV dt dt dt
?
dt
da 348
5 m dV
dt h 
dh dt
 2 m
dt h
a 6 m
h 7 m
One leg of a right triangle is decreasing at a rate of 5 m/s and
the other leg of the triangle is increasing at a rate of 14 m/s.
At a certain instant, the decreasing leg is 3 m and the increasing leg is 9 m.
What is the rate of change of the area of the right triangle at that instant?

3m

9m
1
bh bh  Product Rule
A  ___
A 2
2
dA 1  db dh 
1   h b 
A  bh dt 2  dt dt 
2
A 29-meter ladder is sliding down a vertical wall so the distance between
the top of the ladder and the ground is decreasing at 7 m/min.
At a certain instant, the bottom of the ladder is 21 m from the wall.
What is the rate of change of the distance between the bottom of the ladder
and the wall at that instant?

dh
 7 m
2 2 2 dt min
c b  h
29

21
 2 2 2
c b  h db
0 21  h  7 , h-?
d 2 d d dt
c   b   h 
dtconstant dt
2

dt
2

db
h 20
0 21  20  7 
dt
db dh db
0 2b  2h 0 21  140
dt dt dh
 7 m
dt
dt min db
db dh 21 140
0 b  h 29 dt
dt dt h db 140

21 dt 21
Use Pythagorean Theorem db 20
to find the value of h. 
dt 3
 3
A tank of water in the shape of a cone is leaking water at a constant rate of 2  / h.
m
The base radius of the tank is 5 m and the height of the tank is 14 m.

a) At what rate is the depth of the water in the tank changing when the depth of
the water is 6 m?
dh Relation between
?, h 6 m
dt r and h
5 Similar triangles
5m
h 14

14 m r h
h 2 14 r r 5
V h
3 5h
14r OR r
dV h 14
 2 m 3 / h 5
dt
 2
dV  r h dV  25   2 dh 
 2 m / h V 
3    3h
dt  588   dt 
dt 3
 5h  2  25  2 dh  
  h  2    3 6    
h 6 m  14   588   dt  
V
3
5h 25 h 3 dh 2

r V dt  25 
14 196 3    3 6  
2

 588 
dh  25  3 dh
? V    0.14
dt h dt
 588  …
b) At what rate is the radius of the top of the

water in the tank changing when the depth

of the water is 6 m?
dr
  0.04951
dt