FORM 4 TEST 1 Which diagram shows the process of diffusion? oO a different atoms s c D 2 Which method would be most suitable for the separation of a mixture of sand and water to obtain the sand? A. chromatography crystallisation 8 © distillation BD iitration The diagrams show the arrangement of particles in three different physical states of substance X. state 2 state 3 ‘Which statement about the physical states of substance X is correct?” ‘A. Particles in state 1 vibrate about fixed positions B State 1 changes to state 2 by difusion C State 2 changes directly to state 3 by condensation, Bl. The substance in stage 3 has a xed volume.The table gives the solubility of four substances in ethanol and in water. A mixture containing all four substances is added to ethanol, stirred and f The solid residue is added to water, stirred and filtered. The filtrate is evaporated to dryness, leaving a white solid. Which is the white solid? solubility in ethanol water A insoluble insoluble B insoluble soluble c soluble insoluble D soluble soluble 5, The diagram shows a cup of tea. Which row describes the water particles in the air above the cup compared with the water particles in the cup? moving faster | closer together A v v B v x c x v D x xThe diagram shows how the molecules in the exhaust gases diffuse into the air. molecules in air molecules in exhaust gases Which statement describes what happens to these molecules next? A The molecules fall to the ground because they are heavier than air molecules. 8 The molecules go back together as they cool. @) The molecules spread further into the air. 0 The molecules stay where they are. 7. When there is no wind, the scent of flowers can be detected more easily on a warm evening than on a cold evening, This is because the molecules of the scent ......1 Which words correctly complats gaps 1 and 2? gap 1 gap2 A condense nearer to the flowers 8 condense further from the lowers c diffuse nearer to the flowers a diffuse further from the flowers The boiling point of liquid X is lower than that of water. To test a student, a teacher covers up the than in colder conditions. ‘numbers on a thermometer. The student places the thermometer in boiling liquid X. ‘The diagram represents part of the stem of this thermometer. mercury“ ~ What could the temperature on the thermometer be? (Al 755°C B 84.5°C © 1045°C D 105.5°C.In which of the following are the particles arranged in a regular pattern? A B c D 10. agas a liquid a metal a solution In an experiment, a student needs to measure out 36.50 cm’ of a solution. Which piece of apparatus would measure this volume most accurately? x B c D 4. beaker burette measuring cylinder pipette A shirt is stained with red ink from a pen. The shirt is left to soak in a bow! of water. }}— red col, a few hours later Which process causes the red colour to spread? con diffusion evaporation melting neutralisation12, ‘A sealed conical flask contains a liquid and its vapour, as show ‘vapour —\—tiquia ‘What happens when a molecule in the vapour enters the liquid the molecule the molecule siops moving | becomes smaller fal v |v 4 8 y x c x v D x x | 13. ‘The melting points and boiling points of four substances are shown. Which substance is liquid at 100°C? substance | melting point/°C boiling point/°C A -203 17 B 25 50 c 1" 181 D 463 972 1a, In which change of state do the particles become more widely separated? A gasto liquid B gas to solid © liquid to gas D liquid to solid15. ‘The apparatus shown cannot be used to determine the melting point of sodium chloride, Na“CI thermometer water thin glass tube containing sodium chloride heat Why is this? matting point of sodium chloride ‘sodium chloride is greater than 100° | “!880Ives inthe water v com> eK v x x 16. ‘A student mixes 25 om* samples of dilute hydrochloric acid with different volumes of aqueous sodium hydroxide. Each time, the student measures the change in temperature. Which piece of apparatus is not needed? a B c D beaker clock ‘measuring thermometer cylinder47, Which piece of apparatus should be used for the accurate measurement of 30.0cm? of a liquid? A. abeaker 8 aburette © a conical flask Da measuring cylinder 18 (Oxides of nitrogen from car exhausts can spread through the atmosphere, car exhaust fumes This occurs because gas molecules move from a region of .....1..... eoncentration to a region o! 2... Concentration by a process called .....3 Which words correcly complete the gaps? 1 2 3 a high low diffusion 8 high low ‘evaporation c tow high diffusion D low high evaporation 19. ‘The outline diagrams show three methods of separation x Y Zz es What are the three methods called? x ¥ Zz A | chromatograony disillation tration 8 distillation chromatography filtration c distitation Alvation chromatography . fitration chromatography distation20. ‘A sample of a drug is analysed by using a chemical test for aspirin and measuring its melting point. The chemical test is positive but the melting point is 130°C not 135°C as it should be. ‘What is correct? the sample contains the sample has an aspirin impurity A v v B v x c x v D x x 24 Hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, reacts with ammonia gas, NHs, to form solid ammonium chiorie. ‘The apparatus is set up as shown. After a few minutes, solid ammonium chloride forms where the two gases meet. solid ammonium chloride source of, ammonia gas source of hydrogen chloride gas ‘The experiment is repeated using hydrogen bromide, HBr, in place of hydragen chioride. How far along the tube does the solid ammonium bromide form? Ala. cD ee source of, ‘ammonia gas source of hydrogen bromide gas 22. Which statement about gases is correct? ‘A. Gases are difficult to compress when pressure is applied B_ The particles in gases are close together. © The particles in gases have a random arrangement D_ The particles in gases move slowly past each other.23. Salt is added to pure water to form an aqueous solution Which statement is correct? A The melting point and the boiling point of the water both decrease. 8B The melting point and the boiling point of the water both increase C The melting poini of the water decreases but its boiling point increases. D The melting point of the water increases but its boiling point decreases. | 24 A bottle of aqueous ammonia is placed on a table in a comer of the laboratory. ‘The stopper is removed and after a few minutes all the students in the room can smell the ammonia. Which process occurs? Brownian motion 8 diffusion © dissolving ® distilation 25, Which diagram shows the arrangement of particies inside a balloon containing a mixture of the gases nitrogen and oxygen? A B c . {nN aD rey .\ we) / > nitrogen atom jeaaateerens)| 2 oxygen atom26. ‘The experiment is set up as shown and left until there is no further change. water purple crystal of potassium manganate(VI1) What is observed? A a colourless layer below a purple layer B__accolourless liquid with the purple crystal unchanged © a purple layer below a colourless layer D uniformly purple solution ‘The diagram shows a difusion experiment. beaker ~ porous pot —} onan TG Which gas, when present in the beaker over the porous pat, wil cause the water level at ¥ to carton dioxide, CO: chlorine, Cle methane, CH, ° nitrogen dioxide, NO;The boiling points of various gases found in the air are shown below. °C. argon 186 carbon dioxide | ~78 nitrogen -198 oxygen 183 I the air is cooled, the first substance to condense is water. lithe temperature is lowered further, whatis the next substance to condense? A. argon B carbon dioxide © nitrogen Doxygen 29, ‘A sample of a pure compound is heated until it s completely molten and the compound is then allowed to cool until itis completely salid again, ‘The graph shows how the temperature of the compound changes with time. temperature time ‘When are liquid and solid both present? A PtoQandRioS B PQ © QR D Rts30. ‘A beaker of nitrogen is inverted over a porous pot containing carbon monoxide as shown: The water level does not change. beaker ~ nitrogen —} carbon monoxide porous pot water What is the reason for this? A Both gases are diatomic. B Nitrogen is an unreactive gas. The gas particles are too large to pass through the porous pot. D_ The two gases have the same relative molecular mass. 31 A student was provided with only a thermometer, a stopwatch and a beaker. What could the student measure? A 10.5g solid and 24.8m’ liquid B 10.5g solid and 25°C C 24.8cm" liquid and 45 seconds D 25°C and 45 seconds32 In which changes do the particles move further apart? w x gas = liquid = solid Y Zz A WandX = B WandZ = © XandY D Yandz 33 ‘A mixture of ethanol and methanol are separated by fractional distillation This method of separation depends on a difference in property X of these two alcohols. What is property X? A _ boiling point 8 colour © melting point D solubility 34, Clouds are forrned when water vapour evaporates from the sea. clouds water vapour sea What is the energy change and what name is given to the type of change when water ‘evaporates? energy change type of change A | energy given out endothermic 8 | energy given cut ‘exothermic c | energy taken in ‘endothermic D | energy taken in exothermic35. ‘An attempt was made to compress a gas and a solid using the apparatus shown JE —}-gas —piston—_ ~solid Which substance would be compressed and what is the reason for this? substance feason| A gas the gas particles are close together B gas the gas particles are far apart C | solid | the solid particles are close together D | solid the solid particles are far apart 36, A gas jar of bromine vapour and a gas jar of air are set up as shown in diagram 1 The glass slide is removed. Diagram 2 shows the appearance of the gas jars after one hour. air __= mixture of air glass slide and bromine _ bromine vapour diagram 1 diagram 2 Which statement explains why the bromine and air mix together? A Bromine is denser than air. B Bromine is lighter than air. C Bromine molecules moved upwards and molecules in air moved downwards. D Molecules in bromine and air moved randomly,37 The diagram shows the result of dropping a purple crystal into water. — purple after five hours solution Which processes take place in this experiment? ‘eacton dissolving al ov 7 7 B v x - S x x f 8 x a 7 38 A liquid is heated until it boils. __—- thermometer -test-tube ~ 25 om? liquid pirit burner — athanol Which result shows that the liquid in the test-tube is pure water? A Condensation forms at the top of the test-tube. B_ Steam is produced. C The thermometer reads 100°C. D There is nothing left behind in the test-tube.39, ‘A few drops of perfume were spilt on the floor. A few minutes later the perfume could be smelt a few metres away. Which two processes had taken place? A. distillation and condensation B distilation and diffusion © evaporation and condensation D__ evaporation and diffusion 40. The apparatus shown in the diagram was set up. Over a period of time how will the water level at X change? Alt will fall, then rise and return to X 8 It will fall and remain at a lower level C It will rise, then fall then return to X D it will rise and remain at a higher level