8.

Biomolecules
1. Which one of the following structural formulae of two organic compounds is correctly identified along with its
related functions?

(a) A: Triglyceride Major source of energy

(b) B: Uracil A component of DNA
(c) A: Lecithin A component of cell membrane
(d) B: Adenine A nucleotide that makes up nucleic acids
2. Which one of the following biomolecules is correctly characterized?
a) Palmitic acid: An unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms.
b) Adenylic acid: Adenosine with a glucose phosphate molecule.
c) Alanine amino acid: contains an amino group and an acidic group anywhere in the molecule.
d) Lecithin: A phosphorylated glyceride found in cell membrane.
3. Given figure is the diagrammatic representation of one of the categories of small molecular weight organic
compounds in the living tissues. Identify the category shown and the blank component ‘X’ in it.

Category Component
(a) Cholesterol Guanine
(b) Amino acid NH2
(c) Nucleotide Adenine
(d) Nucleoside Uracil
4. Which of the following biomolecules has phosphodiester bond?
a) Manosaccharides in a polysaccharide b) Amino acids in a polypeptide
c) Nucleic acids in a nucleotide d) Fatty acid in a diglycerides
5. Which one of the following proteins is the most abundant protein in the animal world?
a) Trypsin b) Haemoglobin c) Collagen d) Insulin
6. Which one out of A, B, C and D given below correctly represents the structural formula of the basic amino acid?

a) C b) D c) A d) B
7. The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor for the synthesis of:
a) Melatonin and Serotonin b) Thyroxine and Tri-iodothyronine
c) Oestrogen and Progesterone d) Cortisol and Cortisone
8. Macromolecule chitin is a:
a) Nitrogen – containing polysaccharides b) Phosphorous – containing polysaccharides
c) Sulphur - containing polysaccharides d) Simple polysaccharides
9. Which one of the following is a non –reducing carbohydrate?
a) Maltose b) Sucrose c) Lactose d) Ribulose 5- Phosphate
10. Which of the following is not polymeric?
a) Proteins b) Polysaccharides c) Lipids d) Nucleic acids
11. A fat molecule is formed from:
a) Three glycerol molecules and one fatty acid molecule.
b) One glycerol molecule and one fatty acid molecule.
c) Three glycerol molecules and there fatty acid molecules.
d) One glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules.
12. Which one of the following pairs of nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids is wrongly matched with the category
mentioned against it?
a) Guanine, Adenine – Purines b) Adenine, Thymine – Purines
c) Thymine, Uracil – Pyrimidines d) Uracil, Cytosine – Pyrimidines
13. Which of the following is the least likely to be involved in stabilizing the three- dimensional folding of most
proteins?
a) Electrostatic interaction b) Hydrophobic interaction
c) Ester bonds d) Hydrogen bonds
14. A competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase is:
a) α -ketoglutarate b) Malate c) Ester bonds d) Oxaloacetate
15. The figure given below shows the conversion of a substate into product by an enzyme. In which one of the four
options (a-d) the component of reaction labelled as A, B, C and D are identified correctly?
a) A: Potential energy, B: Transition state, C: Activation energy with enzyme, D: Activation energy without enzyme

b) A: Transition state, B: Activation energy without enzyme, C: Activation energy with enzyme, D: Potential energy
c) A: Potential energy, B: Transition state, C: Activation energy with enzyme, D: Activation energy without enzyme
d) A: Activation energy with enzyme, B: Transition state, C: Activation energy without enzyme, D: Potential energy
16. Three of the following statements about enzymes are correct and one is wrong. Which one is wrong?
a) Enzymes require optimum pH for maximal activity.
b) Enzymes are denatured at high temperature but in certain exceptional organisms they are effective even at
temperatures 80oC – 90oC.
c) Enzymes are highly specific
d) Most enzymes are proteins but some lights
17. The curve given below shows enzymatic activity with relation to three conditions (pH temperature and substrate
concentration).
 What do the two axes (X and Y) represent?

Category Component
(a) Temperature Enzymatic activity
(b) Substrate concentration Enzymatic activity
(c) Enzymatic activity Temperature
(d) Enzymatic activity pH
18. Transition state structure of the substrate formed during an enzymatic reaction is:
a) Transient but stable b) Permanent but unstable
c) Transient and unstable d) Permanent and stable
19. The essential chemical component of many coenzymes are:
a) Proteins b) Nucleic acid c) Carbohydrates d) Vitamins
20. Select the option which is not correct with respect to enzyme action.
a) Substrate binds with enzyme at its active site.
b) Addition of lot of succinate does not reverse the inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate.
c) In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds the enzyme at a site distinct from that which binds the substrate.
d) Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase.
21. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
a) A competitive inhibitor reacts reversibly with the enzyme to form an enzyme inhibitor complex.
b) In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is not chemically change by the enzyme.
c) The competitive inhibitor does not affect the rate of breakdown of the enzyme subtract complex
d) The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the K m of the enzyme for the substrate.
22. A non-proteinaceous enzyme is:
a) Ribozyme b) Ligase c) Deoxyribonuclease d) Lysozyme
23. Which of the following describes the given graph correctly?

a) Exothermic reaction with energy A in the presence of enzyme and B in the absence of enzyme.
b) Endothermic reaction with energy A in the absence of enzyme and B in the presence of enzyme.
c) Exothermic reaction with energy A in the absence of enzyme and B in the presence of enzyme.
d) Endothermic reaction with energy A in the presence of enzyme and B in the absence of enzyme.
24. Which of the following statements is correct with reference to enzymes?
a) Holoenzyme = Apoenzyme +Coenzyme b) Coenzyme = Apoenzyme + Holoenzyme
c) Holoenzyme = Coenzyme + Co-factor d) Apoenzyme = Holoenzyme + Coenzyme
25. Which of the following statements regarding enzyme inhibition is correct?
a) Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzyme in reversibly.
b) Competitive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with enzyme for binding to an inhibitor compete.
c) Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete.
d) Non- competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amount of substrate.
26. Exoskeletons of arthropods have complex polysaccharide called chitin, which is:
a) a heteropolymer b) a homopolymer c) not a polymer d) none of these
27. Which of the following elements is abundantly found in living organisms when compared to the earth’s crust?
a) Carbon b) Hydrogen c) Oxygen d) All of these
28. To analyze the chemical composition of living tissue, we solubilize them in:
a) HNO3 b)HCl c) CF3COOH d) CCl3COOH
29. The percentage of oxygen in human body is:
a) 65% b) 46.6% c) 18.5% d) 3.3%
30. Which of the following is not a macromolecule?
a) Nucleic acid b) Polysaccharides c) Lipids d) Proteins
31. How many amino acids are used to form protein?
a) 18 b) 20 c) 21 d) 22
32. The chemical and physical property of amino acid is based on:
a) –NH2 group b) –COOH group c) –R group d) All of these
33. Match the columns:

Column – I Column – II
(A) Acidic (1) Valine
(B) Basic (2) Lysine
(C) Neural (3) Glutamic Acid
(D) Aromatic (4) Tyrosine, phenylalanine,
Tryptophan
Codes:
a) A – 3, B – 2, C – 1, D – 4 b) A – 2, B – 3, C – 4, D – 1
c) A – 4, B – 1, C – 2, D – 3 D) A – 1, B – 2, C – 2, D – 4
34. The most abundant protein in animal world is:
a) RuBisCO b) Collagen c) Elastin d) Albumin
35. Lipids are extracted with acid insoluble fraction because.
a) Their molecular weight is less than 800 Da.
b) They form vesicle or micelle which are not water soluble.
c) They are polymers
d) They are not polymers
36. The monomeric unit of cellulose is:
a) Glucose b) Fructose c) Mannose d) Ribose
37. Which of the following is a homopolysaccharide?
a) Cellulose b) Insulin c) Starch d) Ribose
38. Select the incorrect statement from the following.
a) Cellulose does not contain complex helices
b) Cellulose does not give colour with I 2
c) Cotton fibre and plant cell wall are made up of cellulose
d) Cellulose is a heteropolysaccharide.
39. Which one of the following contains macromolecular fraction?
a) Polynucleotide b) Polypeptides c) Polysaccharides d) All of these
40. Biologist describes protein at _________level.
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d)4
41. The sequence or positional information of amino acid is given by its.
a) Secondary structure b) Primary structure c) Tertiary structure d) Quaternary structure
42. Match the column – I

Column – I Column – II
(A) Pigments (1) Concanavaline A
(B) Terpenoids (2) Monoterpenes, Diterpenes
(C) Alkaloids (3) Morphine, codeine
(D) Lectins (4) Carotenoids, anthocyanin
(E) Toxins (5) Abrin, Recin
(F) Drugs (6) Vinblastine, curcumin
Codes:
a) A – 1, B – 3, C – 2, D – 4, E – 5, F – 6 b) A – 4, B – 2, C – 3, D – 1, E – 5, F – 6
c) A – 6, B – 3, C – 5, D – 2, E – 4, F – 1 D) A – 1, B – 2, C – 3, D – 4, E – 5, F – 6
43. Which of the following is secondary metabolite?
a) Flavonoides and rubber b) Antibiotics coloured pigments and essential oils
c) Scents, gums and spices d) All of these
44. Living state is:
a) Non- equilibrium and non-steady state b) Equilibrium and steady state
c) Non- equilibrium and steady state d) Equilibrium and non steady state
45. CO2 + H2O → H2CO3
which one of the following statements is incorrect about the above reaction?
a) In the absence of enzyme, the rate of H 2CO3 formation is about 200 molecules per hour.
b) When carbonic anhydrase catalyses the same reaction, there is no change in the rate of H 2CO3 formation.
c) The reaction catalyzed by the enzyme shows dramatically increased speed about 60,000 molecules being
formed every second (rate becomes 10 million times more).
d) The enzyme, carbonic anhydrase occurs in abundance inside RBC.
46. Select the correct statement from the following.
a) Increase in substrate concentration, increases the velocity of enzymatic reaction at first, then it reaches
maximum and further increment does not occur.
b) In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor, the inhibitor closely resembles the substrate in its molecular structure.
c) Competitive inhibition are often used in the control of bacterial pathogens.
d) All of the above statements are correct for the control of bacterial pathogens.
47. The activity of an enzyme is also sensitive to the presence of specific chemical that bind to the enzyme. When
binding of chemical shuts off an enzyme activity, the process is called __________ and the chemical is called a
_______.
a) Activation, activator b) Inhibition, inhibitor c) Inhibition, promoter d) Activation, inhibitor
48. Which of the following is polymerized to form proteins?
a) Protein b) Amino acids c) Carbohydrates d) Muramic acids
49. Examples of the following of acidic amino acids are:
a) Glycine and alanine b) Glycine and methionine
c) Valine and phenylalanine d) Glutamic acid and aspartic acid
50. Which of the following is not an amino acid?
a) Lysine b) Arginine c) Thymine d) Tryptophan
51. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a) Lipids are strictly macromolecules
b) Palmitic acid has 16 carbons including carboxyl carbon.
c) Oils have low melting points and hence remain as oil in winters.
d) Archidonic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.
52. Sugar contains:
a) Carbon, nitrogen and oxygen b) Hydrogen, Oxygen and carbon
c) Hydrogen, carbon and sulphur d) Carbon, Phosphorous and oxygen
53. What is the formula of glucose?
a) C3H2O3 b) C6H12 O6 c)C55H70O6 d) C6H10O6
54. Simple sugar of the blood is
a) Sucrose b) Lactose c) Glucose d) Galactose
55. Immediate source of energy is:
a) Fats b) Sucrose c) Starch d) Glucose
56. Glucose is source of energy is:
a) Liver b) Spleen c) Kidney d) Pancreas
57. Which one is correct base pairing for DNA molecules?
a) Cyocine – Uracil b) Thymine c) Thiamine – Adenine d) Cytosine – Guanine
58. DNA resembles RNA as both:
a) Have the ability to replicate b) Have similar sugars
c) Have similar pyrimidine base d) Are polymers of nucleotides
59. On hydrolysis, a nucleotide would not yield:
a) Purines b) Pyrimidine c) Pentose sugar d) Phosphoric acid
60. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Backbone of DNA is formed by sugar- phosphate –sugar chain.
b) Nucleic acids are present in acid –soluble fraction of any living tissue.
c) DNA and RNA function as genetic material.
d) There are three hydrogen bonds between G and C in DNA molecules.
61. Which of the following is not a salient feature of B-DNA?
a) One full turn of helical strand involves 10 base pairs?
b) Pitch of helix would be 34 Å
c) Diameter of double helix would be 20 Å
d) DNA with left – handed coiling
62. All the following statements are correct about enzymes, but one is wrong. Select the incorrect statement.
a) Almost all enzymes are proteins.
 b) There are some nucleic acids which behave like enzymes and are called ribosomes.
c) Enzymes obtained from thermophilic organisms retain their catalytic power even at high temperatures up to 80
– 90oC.
d) Ribozyme was discovered by Altman et al.
63. Study the reaction given below.

In the absence of any enzyme, this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of H 2CO3 being formed in an hour. In
the presence of enzyme, the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 600,000 molecules formed every second.
Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.
a) Ribozyme b) Carbonic anhydrase c) Catalase d) Peroxidase
64. Which of the following set of coenzymes are nucleotides of vitamin niacin?
a) NAD, NADP b) FMN, FAD c) ATP, ADP d) ATP, FAD
65. Which of the following is a cofactor for the proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase?
a) Zinc b) Copper c) Calcium d) Magnesium
66. Lecithin is:
a) simple lipid b) Derived lipid c) Phospholipid d) Steroid
67. Which one of the following is a conjugated protein?
a) Albumin b) Globulin c)Histone d) Flavo protein
68. The protein present in wheat grain is:
a) Glutanin b) Glycogen c) Zymase d) Albumin
69. Cyanide kills animal by:
a) Killing the brain cells
b) Competitive inhibition of enzyme cytochrome oxidase
c) inhibiting cytochrome oxidase, a mitochondrial enzyme essential for cellular respiration by non- competitive
inhibition
d) Killing the cells of cardiac muscles
70. Basic unit of a nucleic acid is:
a) Pentose b) Phosphoric acid c) Nucleotide d) All of these
71. Many elements are found in living organisms either free on in the form of compounds. Which of the following is
not found in living organisms?
a) Silicon b) Magnesium c) Iron d) Sodium
72. An amino acid under certain condition has both positive and negative charges simultaneously in the same
molecule. Such a form of amino acid is called:
a) Acidic form b) Basic form c) Aromatic form d) Zwitterionic form
73. Proteins perform many physiological functions. For example, some proteins function as enzymes. Which of the
following represents an additional function that some proteins discharge?
a) Antibiotics b) Pigment conferring colour to skin
c) Pigments making colours of flowers d) Hormones
74. The primary structure of a protein molecules has:
a) Two ends b) One end c) Three ends d) No end
75. Sugars are technically called carbohydrates, referring to the fact that their formulae are only multiple of C (H 2O).
Hexoses, therefore, have six carbons, twelve hydrogen and six oxygen atoms, Glucose is a hexose. Choose from
among the following another hexose.
a) Fructose b) Erythrose c) Ribulose d) Ribose
76. Enzymes are biocatalysts. They catalyze biochemical reactions. In general they reduce activation energy of
reactions. Many physic-chemical processes are enzyme mediated. Which of the following reaction is not enzyme
mediated in biological system?
a) Dissolving CO2 in water b) Untwining the two strands of DNA
c) Hydrolysis of sucrose d) Formation of a peptide
77. Which one of the following elements is common in haemoglobin and myoglobin?
a) Fe b) Cu c) Mn d) Mg
78. Which elements occur more in bones?
a) Ca and Mg b) Mg and Mn c) Ca and P d) Ca and Fe
79. Proteins present in cells are very importance because:
a) They provide definite shape to cell b) They function as biocatalyst
c) They yield energy d) They are stored food
80. Di peptide is:
a) a structure of two peptide bonds. b) two amino acids linked by one peptide bond
c) a bond between one amino acid and one peptide d) None of the above
81. Which of the following is the very most structural part of the body?
a) Protein b0 Carbohydrates c) Lipid d) Nucleic acid
82. The contractile protein is:
a) Actin b) Myosin c) Troponin d) Tropomyosin
83. The antibodies are:
a) γ - globulin b) Albumins c) Vitamins d) Sugar
84. Which of the following proteins is found in maximum amount?
a) Catalase b) Zinc carbonic anhydrase c) Transferase d) RuBisCO
85. Which of the following is an odd pair?
a) Chitin – carbohydrate b) Pectin – Protein c) Steroid – Lipid d) Wax – Lipid
86. Which one of the following is a disaccharide?
a) Galactose b) Fructose c) Maltose d) Dextrin
87. Which of the following substances is not a carbohydrate?
a) Starch b) Glycogen c) Wax d) Glucose
88. Which of the following is not a polysaccharide?
a) Sucrose b) Starch c) Glycogen d) Cellulose
89. Monosaccharide is:
a) Pentose sugar b) Hexose sugar c) Only glucose d) All of these
90. Which compound produces more than twice the amount of energy as compared to carbohydrates?
a) Protein b) Fats c) Vitamin d) Glucose

Answer Key
1 – c 2– d 3– d 4– c 5 – c 6– b 7– a 8 – a 9– b 10 – c
11 – d 12 – b 13 – c 14 – c 15 – b 16 – d 17 – a 18 – c 19 – d 20 – b
21 – d 22 – a 23 – a 24 – a 25 – c 26 – a 27 – d 28 – d 29 – a 30 – c
31 – b 32 – c 33 – a 34 – b 35 – b 36 – a 37 – d 38 – d 39 – d 40 – d
41 – b 42 – b 43 – d 44 – c 45 – b 46 – d 47 – b 48 – b 49 – d 50 – c
51 – a 52 – b 53 – b 54 – c 55 – d 56 – a 57 – d 58 – d 59 – d 60 – b
61 – a 62 – d 63 – b 64 – a 65 – a 66 – c 67 – d 68 – a 69 – c 70 - c
71 – a 72 - d 73 - d 74 – a 75 – a 76 – a 77 – a 78 - c 79 – b 80 – b
81 – a 82 – a 83 – a 84 – d 85 – b 86 – c 87 – c 88 – a 89 – d 90 – b