pioneer classes

Maxima and Minima

By Ramesh Sir
7905829455
Q.1: Find the points of the local maxima or local minima, if the following functions, using first derivative
test. Also find the local maximum or local minimum values, as the case may be :
(i) f (x) = x3 – 3x (ii) f (x) (x – 1) (x + 2)2 (iii) f (x) = x3 – 6x2 + 9x + 15
(iv) f (x) = sin x – cos x , 0 < x < 2π (v) f (x) = sin 2x , 0 < x < 2π

Q.2: Find all the points of local maxima and minima and the corresponding maximum and minimum values
𝟑 𝟒𝟓 2
of the function f (x) = − x4 – 8x3 − x + 105
𝟒 𝟐

Q.3: Find all the points of local maxima and minima and the corresponding maximum and minimum values
of the function f (x) = 2x3 – 21x2 + 36x – 20

Q.4: Find all the points of local maxima and minima, If any, of the following function. Find also the local
maximum and local minimum values, as the case may be
𝝅
(i) f (x) = sin x + cos x , where 0 < x <
𝟐
(ii) f (x) = sin 2x , where 0 < x < 𝝅
(iii) f (x) = sin x – cos x , where 0 < x < 2𝝅
(iv) f (x) = 2 c0s x + x , where 0 < x <
𝝅 𝝅
(v) f (x) = 2 sin x – x , − ≤ x ≤
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝒙
Q.5: Show that the maximum value of ( ) is 𝒆𝟏/𝒆 .
𝒙
𝒑
Q.6: Show that sin 𝜽 cos 𝜽 attains a maximum, when 𝜽 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 √ .
p q
𝒒
3
Q.7: Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x) = 2x – 24x + 107 in the interval [1 , 3].

Q.8: Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x) = x50 – x20 in the interval [0 , 1].

Q.9: Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x) = x + sin 2x in the interval [0 , 2𝝅].

Q.10: Find the positive numbers x and y such that x + y = 60 and xy3 is maximum.

Q.11: Find the positive numbers x and y such that their sum is 35 and the product x2 y5 is maximum.

Q.12: Show that of all the rectangles inscribed in a given circle, that square has the maximum area.

Q.13: Show that the rectangles of the maximum perimeter which can be inscribed in a circle of radius a is a
square of side √𝟐 a .

Q.14: Let ABC be a right angled triangle with base BC = x and hypotenuse AC = y such that x + y = k, where k
is a constant. Let 𝜽 be the angle between the base and hypotenuse. Let A be the area of the triangle.
𝟏 𝟏
Then : A = BC x AC = x √𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐
𝟐 𝟐

Q.15: Prove that the area of right-angled triangle of given hypotenuse is maximum when the triangle is
isosceles.

Q.16: Show that the triangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in a given circle an equilateral triangle.
Q.17: A wire of length 36m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to made into a square and the
other into a circle. What should be the lengths of the two pieces, so that the combined area of the
square and the circle is minimum ?

Q.18: Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius
𝟐𝒂
a is .
√𝟑
Q.19: A square piece of tin of side 24 cm is to be made into a box without top by cutting a square from each
corner and folding up the flaps to form a box. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so
that the volume of the box is maximum? Also, find this maximum volume.

Q.20: A figure consists of a semi-circle with a rectangle on its diameter. Given the perimeter of the figure,
find its dimensions in order that the area may be maximum.

Q.21: Find the volume of the largest cylinder that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius r cm.

Q.22: Show that the height of the closed cylinder of given surface and maximum volume,
is equal to the diameter of its base.

Q.23: Show that the height of a cylinder, which is open at the top, having a given surface area greatest
volume, is equal to the radius of its base
Q.24: Show that the semi-vertical angle of a cone of maximum volume and given slant height is 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 √𝟐. .

Q.25: Show that the semi-vertical angle of a right circular cone of given surface area and maximum volume
𝟏
is 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 ( ).
𝟑

Q.26: Show that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is 8/27 of the
volume of the sphere.

Q.27: Prove that the radius of the right circular cylinder of greatest curved surface which can be inscribed in
a given cone is half of that of the cone.

Q.28: Show that the volume of the greatest cylinder which can be inscribed in a cone of height hand
𝟒 𝒉
semi-vertical angle α is 𝝅h3 tan2 α. Also, show that height of the cylinder is .
𝟐𝟕 𝟑

Q.29: An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of card board of area c² square
𝑪𝟑
units. Show that the maximum volume of the box is cubic units.
𝟔√𝟑

Q.30: Find the point on the curve y2 = 5x which is nearest to the point (2, 1).

Q.31: A jet of an enemy is flying along the curve y = x² + 2. A soldier is placed at the point (3,2).
What is the nearest distance between the soldier and the jet ?

Q.32: Find the area of the greatest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in a given ellipse having its vertex
coincident with one end of the major axis.

Q.33: A point on the hypotenuse of a right triangle is at distance a and b from the sides of the triangle. Show
𝟑/𝟐
that the minimum length of the hypotenuse is (𝒂𝟑/𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐/𝟑 )

Q.34: Find the shortest distance of the point (0, c) from the parabola y = x², where 0 ≤ c ≤ 5.