DISTRIBUTION OF

BLOOD WITHIN
VASCULATURE
PHYSIOLOGY OF SPORTS AND EXERCISE
DISTRIBUTION OF VENOUS BLOOD
Venous blood - is deoxygenated blood that travels from the
peripheral blood vessels through the venous system into the
heart's right atrium.

Venous return," this refers to blood flow from the

periphery back to the heart's right atrium. Venous return
is important because the more blood that returns to the
heart, the more blood that can be pumped out.
MECHANISMS OF VENOUS RETURN
The skeletal muscle pump is a critical
mechanism for promoting the return of
blood back to the heart during exercise.
When the muscles contract with enough
force they compress the blood vessels in
that muscle tissue, which causes venous
outflow to increase.

Skeletal muscle pump: veins in the arm and

legs are surrounded by skeletal muscle. They
also have one-way valves in their walls that
only open for upward flow.
MECHANISMS OF VENOUS RETURN

Gravitation are attempts to explain the

action of gravity by aid of basic mechanical
processes, such as pressure forces caused
by pushes, without the use of any action at a
distance.

Gravity, in an upright position, venous blood

from the head and neck flows downhill to
the heart simply by gravity. Blood from the
lower limbs, on the other hand, has to
overcome gravity to return to the heart.
MECHANISMS OF VENOUS RETURN

A mechanism that helps to pump blood back to

the heart during inspiration.

Breathing or respiratory pump -During inspiration,

the diaphragm moves down, expanding the
thoracic cavity and resulting in decreased intra-
thoracic pressure and a subsequent expansion of
the lungs.

COMPOSITION OF THE WHOLE BLOOD

First, let's examine the blood itself—what it's made of

and why it is critical for human life.

-blood is technically considered connective tissue,

and as such, it is only the fluid tissue in the body, full
of fibrous proteins.

BLOOD IS RESPONSIBLE FOR

CARRYING:
Oxygen
Nutrients from the digestive tract
Hormones from endocrine organs
Carbon dioxide

OTHER FUNCTIONS OF
THE
BLOODSTREAM:
Maintains body temperature
Prevent Infections
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