ADDMATHSKACANG

F4C1: FUNCTIONS
Notes & Past SPM Questions
Mindmap
Contents
☐ Types of relation & function
☐ Representations of relation & function
☐ Single Functions
☐ Composite Functions (Gabung)
☐ Inverse Functions
☐ Composite Functions (Pisah)
☐ Past SPM Questions

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Basics 1)

1. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 − 4. 2. Given 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 − 4. 3. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 − 4. 4. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 − 4.
Find 𝑓𝑓(5). Find 𝑥𝑥 if 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 5. Find 𝑚𝑚 if 𝑓𝑓(𝑚𝑚) = 𝑚𝑚. If 𝑓𝑓(𝑘𝑘 + 2) = 𝑘𝑘, find 𝑘𝑘.

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8 18 2𝑥𝑥 7−3𝑥𝑥
1. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = where 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 𝑘𝑘. 2. Given ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = where 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 𝑝𝑝. 3. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = where 𝑥𝑥 ≠ ℎ. 4. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = .
2−𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥+1 𝑥𝑥−5 3
State value 𝑘𝑘. Find 𝑔𝑔(6). State value 𝑝𝑝. Find 𝑥𝑥 if ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 6. State value ℎ. Find 𝑥𝑥 if 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥. Find 𝑎𝑎 if 𝑔𝑔(2𝑎𝑎) = 𝑎𝑎.

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Basics 2)

1. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = |2𝑥𝑥 − 4|. 2. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = |2𝑥𝑥 − 4|. 3. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = |2𝑥𝑥 − 4|.
Find 𝑓𝑓(6). Find values of 𝑥𝑥 if 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 6. Find values of 𝑥𝑥 if it maps onto itself.

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L 4. Sketch graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = |2𝑥𝑥 − 4| for 5. Sketch graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = |1 − 3𝑥𝑥| for 𝑥𝑥+2
6. Sketch graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = � � for
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U domain of 0 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 6. State the range of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). domain of −2 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 2. State the codomain.
domain of −4 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 2. State the codomain.
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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Past SPMs 1)

1. Set B shows the image of elements in Set A. 2. The diagram below shows a linear function ℎ.
(a) State the type of relation between Set A and Set B. (a) State the value of 𝑚𝑚.
(b) Using the function notation, write a relation between Set A and Set B. (b) Using function notation, express ℎ in terms of 𝑥𝑥.
[SPM2006: 2 marks] [SPM2007: 2 marks]

3. The relation between Set 𝑋𝑋 and Set 𝑌𝑌 is shown in the graph form. 4. The relation between Set 𝑋𝑋 and Set 𝑌𝑌 is shown below in the graph form.
(a) State the objects of 𝑞𝑞. (a) State the relation in the form of ordered pairs.
(b) State the codomain of the relation. (b) State the type of relation.
[SPM2009: 2 marks] (c) State the range of the relation.
[SPM2010: 3 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Past SPMs 2)

5. The relation between Set M and Set N is shown below. 6. The diagram shows the relation between set P and set Q in the graph form.
(a) State the object of -1. (a) State the range of the relation.
(b) State the range of the relation. (b) State the type of the relation between set P and set Q.
[SPM2012: 2 marks] [SPM2013: 2 marks]

7. The diagram shows the relation between Set A and Set B in arrow diagram. 8. Given the relation between Set X = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and
(a) Represent the relation in the form of ordered pairs. Set Y = {0, 1, 4, 9, 16} is “square of”.
(b) State the domain of the relation. (a) State the object of 9.
[SPM2014: 2 marks] (b) Express the relation in the form of ordered pairs.
[SPM2011: 3 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Past SPMs 3)

9. Given the graph of function 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = |2𝑥𝑥 − 1|, for the domain 0 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 5. 10. Diagram shows the graph of 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → |1 − 2𝑥𝑥| for domain −2 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 4.
(a) Find the value of t. (a) State the object of 7.
(b) Find the range of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) corresponding to the domain. (b) State the image of 3.
[SPM2008: 3 marks] (c) State the domain of 0 ≤ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) ≤ 5.
[SPM2017: 3 marks]

𝑚𝑚−𝑥𝑥
11. The diagram shows the function ℎ. Given function ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → , 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0, 12. The diagram shows function 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑚𝑚, where m is a constant.
𝑥𝑥
Find the value of 𝑚𝑚.
where m is a constant. Find the value of m.
[SPM2014: 2 marks]
[SPM2006: 2 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Single Function Examples (Past SPMs 4)

13. Given the function 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → |𝑥𝑥 − 3|, find the values of x such that 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = 5.
14. It is given that the function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑝𝑝 − 3𝑥𝑥, where p is constant.
Find the value of p such that 𝑓𝑓 (𝑝𝑝) = 4.
[SPM2007: 2 marks]
[SPM2013: 2 marks]

𝑚𝑚
15. Given the function 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 3𝑥𝑥 − 2, find 16. Given function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = + 𝑛𝑛, where 𝑚𝑚 and 𝑛𝑛 are constants.
𝑥𝑥−1
(a) the value of 𝑥𝑥 when 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) maps onto itself. Find value of 𝑚𝑚 and of 𝑛𝑛, given that 𝑓𝑓(2) = 3 and 𝑓𝑓 (3) = 2. [Extra]
(b) the value of h such that 𝑓𝑓(2 − ℎ) = 4ℎ. [SPM2016: 4 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Composite Function Gabung Examples (Basics)

Note!! 1. Given 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 5𝑥𝑥 − 11. 2. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 5𝑥𝑥 + 3 3. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 5𝑥𝑥 + 3
Find 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(3). and 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 − 1. Find 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥). and 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 − 1. Find 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥).

4. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 − 4 5. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 − 4 6. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 − 11. 7. Given ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) =
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2𝑥𝑥
2 2 2(
and ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 + 2. Find 𝑔𝑔ℎ(𝑥𝑥). and ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 + 2. Find ℎ𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥). Find 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 ). Find ℎ2 (𝑥𝑥 ).

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Composite Function Gabung Examples (Past SPMs)
𝑥𝑥
1. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 4𝑥𝑥 − 7 and ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥. 2. Given 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥 − 8 and ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → , 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 𝑘𝑘. 3. Given 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 and ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 4𝑥𝑥, find
3𝑥𝑥−2
Find the value of 𝑔𝑔ℎ(2). (a) ℎ𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥)
(a) State value of 𝑘𝑘. 1
[SPM2011: 2 marks] (b) the value of 𝑥𝑥 if ℎ𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥)
(b) Find the value of ℎ𝑔𝑔(10). 2
[SPM2010: 3 marks] [SPM2009: 4 marks]

4. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 − 1 and 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 + 2, find 5. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 and 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = ℎ − 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 6. Given 𝑚𝑚: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 1 and ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 3𝑥𝑥 − 5.
(a) 𝑓𝑓(5) Express ℎ in terms of 𝑘𝑘 if 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(1) = 4. Express 𝑝𝑝 in terms of 𝑞𝑞 if 𝑚𝑚ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞.
(b) the value of 𝑘𝑘 if 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(5) = 14 [SPM2015: 3 marks] [SPM2016: 3 marks]
[SPM2008: 3 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Inverse Function Examples (Basics)

Note!! 1. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 7𝑥𝑥 + 5. 3𝑥𝑥−2 5

2. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = . 3. Given ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = .
2 2−𝑥𝑥
Find inverse of 𝑓𝑓. Find 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥). Find ℎ−1 (𝑥𝑥).

5𝑥𝑥−2 8 8−𝑥𝑥 21−2𝑥𝑥

4. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = . 5. Given 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥 ) = . 6. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = . 7. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = .
𝑥𝑥 1−4𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

Find 𝑔𝑔−1 (𝑥𝑥). Find 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). Find 𝑔𝑔−1 (3). Find 𝑚𝑚 if 𝑔𝑔−1 (𝑚𝑚) = 3.

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Inverse Function Examples (Past SPMs)

1. Function ℎ maps 𝑥𝑥 to 𝑦𝑦, function 𝑔𝑔 maps 𝑦𝑦 to 𝑧𝑧. 2. Diagram shows composite function 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 that 3. Given ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 and 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 4𝑥𝑥 − 1.
(a) State ℎ−1 (5) (b) State 𝑔𝑔ℎ(2) maps 𝑥𝑥 to 𝑧𝑧. Find 𝑔𝑔ℎ−1 (𝑥𝑥).
[SPM2005: 2 marks] (a) State the function that maps x to y. [SPM2005: 3 marks]
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(b) State 𝑔𝑔 (𝑧𝑧).
[SPM2015: 2 marks]

4. Given 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 and ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 3𝑥𝑥 + 6, find 5. Given function 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 3𝑥𝑥 − 1. Find 6. Given function 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 →
𝑥𝑥+5
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−1 ( ) 𝑥𝑥−2
(a) 𝑔𝑔 𝑥𝑥 (a) 𝑔𝑔(2)
(a) 𝑓𝑓(3)
(b) ℎ𝑔𝑔−1 (9) (b) the value of 𝑝𝑝 if 𝑔𝑔−1 (𝑝𝑝) = 11 (b) value of 𝑘𝑘 if 2𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑘𝑘) = 𝑓𝑓(3)
[SPM2010: 3 marks] [SPM2009: 3 marks] [SPM2012: 3 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Composite Function Pisah Examples (Basics)

1. Given ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 2. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3𝑥𝑥 + 4 3. Given 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 − 7

and ℎ𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 + 6. Find 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). and 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 6𝑥𝑥 + 7. Find 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥). and 𝑔𝑔ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑥 − 21. Find ℎ(𝑥𝑥).

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1. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 + 5, 2. Given 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 3𝑥𝑥 + 1, 3. Given 𝑔𝑔(3𝑥𝑥 − 2) = 6𝑥𝑥 + 1,

and ℎ𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 5𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 2 . Find ℎ(𝑥𝑥). and 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 9𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥 − 4. Find 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). Find 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥). [Special]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
Composite Function Pisah Examples (Past SPMs)
𝑥𝑥+1 3
1. Set A maps to B by and Set A maps to C by 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 4 2. Given 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 + 3 and 𝑔𝑔−1 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → + 1, 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0.
2 𝑥𝑥
(a) Write the function that maps set A to B by using the function notation. (a) If a student writes 𝑎𝑎 = 10, determine whether the value is correct or
(b) Find the function which maps set B to set C. wrong. Give your reason.
[SPM2018: 4 marks] (b) Find 𝑔𝑔−1 (𝑥𝑥).
[SPM2019: 4 marks]

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@addmathskacang [F4 AM] Raya Free Class 2023 F4C1 Functions
More Past SPM Questions

1. Given ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 (where a and b are constants) and ℎ2 : 𝑥𝑥 → 36𝑥𝑥 − 35. 2. Given 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 5𝑥𝑥 + 2 and ℎ: 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑥𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑥 + 3, find
If a is positive, find the value of a and of b. (a) 𝑔𝑔−1 (6)
[SPM2007: 3 marks] (b) ℎ𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥)
[SPM2008: 4 marks]

2 4. Given the function 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 − 8, find

3. The inverse function ℎ−1 is defined by ℎ−1 : 𝑥𝑥 → , 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 3. Find
3−𝑥𝑥 (a) 𝑔𝑔−1 (𝑥𝑥 )
(a) ℎ(𝑥𝑥) 3𝑝𝑝
(b) the value of 𝑥𝑥 such that ℎ(𝑥𝑥 ) = −5 (b) the value of p such that 𝑔𝑔2 � � = 30
2
[SPM2011: 4 marks] [SPM2017: 4 marks]

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5. The function 𝑓𝑓 maps set A to set B and the function g maps set B to set C. 6. It is given that 𝑓𝑓: 𝑥𝑥 → 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 and 𝑔𝑔: 𝑥𝑥 → 1 − 3𝑥𝑥.
(a) Find in terms of 𝑥𝑥, the function (a) Find
i. which maps set B to set A ii. 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ) 1
i. 𝑔𝑔(5). ii. the value of 𝑚𝑚 if 𝑓𝑓(𝑚𝑚 + 2) = 𝑔𝑔(5). Iii. 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥 ).
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(b) Find the value of x such that 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 8𝑥𝑥 + 1.
[SPM2014: 5+2 marks] (b) Hence, sketch the graph of 𝑦𝑦 = |𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥)| for −1 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 3 and state the
range of 𝑦𝑦.
[SPM2018: 5+3 marks]

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