RESEARCH JOURNAL #3

Jimmin Jo M. Gorsuch November 7, 2019

8-Anthurium Group 4

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS OPM MUSIC GENRES IN THE FEEDING ACTIVITY OF CHICKENS (GALLUS GALLUS
DOMESTICUS)
Presented by:
Dara Renee B. Abutan
Marifer M. Aparato
Dyanna Franselle A. Solomon
Researcher

Mr. Mark Anthony C. Leido

Research Teacher

SAN TEODORO NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL

Sitio Suha, Bigaan, San Teodoro, Oriental Mindoro
Research Plan
A. Questions/Problems Being Addressed
This study aims to discover the effect of various OPM genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
What is the effect of various OPM genres in the feeding activity of chickenss (Gallus gallus domesticus)?
What is the best OPM genre that improves feeding activity of chickenss?
Is there a significant difference among the effects of various OPM genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus) in terms of weight gain.

B. Goals/ Expected Outcome/ Hypotheses

B1. Goals/Expected Outcomes
This scientific investigatory project aims to discover the effect of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus).
Specific Objectives
Specifically, this study tries to attain the following objectives:
Identify the effects in the feeding activity among chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in various OPM music genres
using the following parameters weight gain.
Identify the OPM genre that will best improve the feeding activity of chickens.
Determine the significant difference on the effect among the various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Determine the significant difference among the effects of
Materials and Equipment Quantity various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens
Chickens 12 pcs (Gallus gallus domesticus) against the negative control.
Speakers 3 pcs B2. Hypotheses
Plastic cups 6 packs There is no significant difference on the effect between the
Chick Booster 5 kilos various OPM music genre of the feeding activity of chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Vetracin 8 packs
Water 5L
Light bulbs 4 pcs There is no significant difference among the various OPM
Feeding cup 4 music genres in the feeding activity of the chickens (Gallus
Weighing scale 1 gallus domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Scissors 4 C. Methodology
Bamboo Sticks 100 sticks Research Method
Hammer 1 The researchers will use the experimental research in order to
Nail ¼ kilo determine the relationship between an independent and
Tape 1 dependent variables in a population. Experimental method is
Glue stick 10 pcs a problem solving approach that the study is described in the
Straw 1 roll future on what was when the variables are controlled and
Saw 1 pc manipulated.
Nail Polish 3 colors
Materials and Equipment
In conducting the study, the researchers will prepare and use the following materials:
Treatment and General Procedure
The researchers will gather and prepare the following materials at the same time with appropriate quantity.
Constructing/Building of Pen
The researchers will make a 4 box 20x20x20 out of plastic cups for maximum soundproof and will use bamboo stick for the pen
to stand. They will test the box if it is soundproof so that no disturbance will be heard.
Installation of Speaker
The researcher will leave a hole on the box made for the installation of the speakers. They will hang the speakers for the
maintenance of cleanliness.
Observation of the Chickens
Three chicks will be placed in each box for the observation. The researcher will place at least 250 grams of starter feeds on the
feeding can and 250 mL of water in each box. The chickens will be observed for 3 weeks with 10 OPM songs for each genre will
be prepared by the researchers with 125-2000 Hz and will be repeated for whole day. The chicks will be fed at 6 in the morning
and 5 in the afternoon.
Gathering of Data
The data will be gathered at the end of the week. The researcher will weigh the chicks before and after putting in observation.
Statistical Treatment of Data
Mean will be used to determine the acceptability of the product in terms of its properties
∑x
X=
n
Where:
X= arithmetic mean
∑x= sum of scores
n= total number of cases
T- Test will be used to determine the significant differences among the set-ups
x 1−x 2

√
T= SD 21 SD 22

Where:
n1
+
n2

x 1= First group
x 2= Second Group
SD 21= variance of the first group
2
SD 2= variance of the second group
n1 = number of cases of the first group
n2 = number of cases of the second group

Table of Contents
Title Page--------------------------------------------------------------1
Research Plan---------------------------------------------------------2
Table of Contents-----------------------------------------------------7
Abstract ---------------------------------------------------------------8
Background of the Study
Introduction-------------------------------------------------10
Statement of the Problems--------------------------------11
General Objective------------------------------------------12
Specific Objective-----------------------------------------12
Statement of the Hypothesis-----------------------------13
Significance of the study---------------------------------13
Scope and the Limitation of the Study-----------------14
Methodology--------------------------------------------------------15
Results and Discussion--------------------------------------------21
Findings and Conclusion---------------------------------27
Recommendation--------------------------------------------------29
Bibliography-------------------------------------------------------30
Acknowledgement------------------------------------------------31
Appendices --------------------------------------------------------32
Curriculum vitae--------------------------------------------------38

Abstract
The poultry industry is the most dynamic sector within the global meat business during the last decade, with greatest growth
reflected in the food global demand increase. It is expected that the meat industry will increase production driven by
population growth.
Poultry business is very dominant in our country. According to some poultry business owners, they use a radio as the music
background to the chickenss early age as chicks.
Various OPM music genres, Pop, Rock and Reggae were tested for the effect on the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus).The endeavor is to further explore ways to help poultry owners to improve the weight gain of the broilers and
promote Philippines music.
Materials and equipment were gathered and collected. The chicks’ pen was build using bamboo and plastic cups. Speakers
were also installed on the edge. Ten songs were prepared for each music genre and played from 6 am to 6 pm. Environment
sounds were used as the negative control.
Chicks were exposed to pop, rock and reggae and the negative control. Behavioral change was excessive eating despite of
sleepiness after 7 days of exposure.
Results show that chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) exhibit the behavioral changes. On one hand, the environment set-up is
found to affect least on the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
OPM Rock music was found to affect greatly on the weight gain as it tripled the initial weight of the chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus). OPM Reggae music affects the weight gain as it doubled the initial weight, minimally. OPM Pop music’s effect on
the weight gain of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was it tripled the initial weight.
There is no significant difference between the three OPM music genres which proves that they improve the feeding activity of
Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Background of the Study

Introduction
The poultry industry is the most dynamic sector within the global meat business during the last decade, with greatest growth
reflected in the food global demand increase. It is expected that the meat industry will increase production driven hby
population growth. Chickenss and turkeys are the most common sources of poultry meat, but there is also commercially
available meat from ducks, geese, pigeons, quails, pheasants, ostriches and emus. Consumer preference also has been changing
in many developed countries, characterized by greater demand for low-calorie foods and changes in lifestyle, which reduces
the consumer time spent on food preparation. By this approach, the chickens meat highlights and the largest producer
countries are United States, China, Brazil and European Union, being Brazil and United States are also the main exporter
countries. These two countries together provide two-thirds of global trade. (FAO, 2010; FAO, 2012; USDA, 2012).

Poultry is an alternative to rural livelihoods positively impacting national and regional food chains (Sørensen, 2006; Bishop,
1998). Demographic changes and increasing consumer sovereignty are important trends in agro-food systems that
agribusinesses must harness. With increased urbanization and growing household incomes, preferences tend to change
thereby motivating new opportunities to be exploited (World Bank, 2003; Nyoro and Ngugi, 2007).
The Asian countries contribution towards the world’s chicken’s meat and egg production is about 33% and 30%, respectively.
Philippines together with China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia produce these supplies of
poultry meat.
Family poultry comprises extensive and small-scale, intensive poultry production and is still important in Africa, Asia, Latin
America and the South Pacific. This is merely a working definition and there are very many exceptions. For example, Aini (1990)
has reported large-scale production of indigenous chickenss (Ayam kampung) by means of the extensive system in Malaysia.
On the other hand, music has always been a part of the feeding activity of the chickens, provided with a good ventilation and
proper feeds intake. Music is used to expose the chickens in noise, helping it reduce the stress and give it the capability of
adopting in the environment.
Poultry business is very dominant in our country. According to some poultry business owners, they use a radio as the music
background to the chickenss early age as chicks.
This gives the researchers the idea to use OPM as the background music.
The main objective of this study is to discover the effect in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) using
various OPM music genres.
In this way, the researchers can help promote the Philippines Music and also help the farmers improve the weight gain of their
broilers.
Three OPM music genres were used: Pop, Reggae and Rock which is later on is compared to the environment background set-
up.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to find answers to the following questins:
What is the effect of various OPM genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)?
What is the best OPM genre that improves feeding activity of the chickens?
Is there a significant difference among the effects of various OPM genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus) in terms of weight gain?
Is there a significant difference among the effects of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus) against the negative control?
General Objective
This scientific investigatory project aims to discover the effect of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus).
Specific Objective
Specifically, this study aims
Identify the effects of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in
terms of weight gain.
Identify the OPM genre that will best improve the feeding activity of chickens.
Determine the significant difference on the effect of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Determine the significant difference on the effect between the various OPM music genres of the feeding activity of Chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus) against the negative control.
Statement of Hypothesis
There is no significant difference on the effect of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus
domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
There is no significant difference among the effects of various OPM music genres in the feeding activity of the chickens (Gallus
gallus domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Significance of the Study
At provinces or countryside, people usually tend the farm with chickens, pigs, cow, carabao, and goats.Chickens are one
of the most abundant animals here in San Teodoro and farmers do their best so that the chickens will grow fast, and lay eggs.
They usually use feeds for them so that the nutrients will be at most. This research is significant to the following:To the
community, this study can help boost the economical function of chickens as it will produce good quality of chickens and can
help promote the use the country’s various OPM hits.
To the farmers, this study can help improve/implement a new method on feeding chickens, so that the growth of chickens will
not only rely on feeds. It is easy to make and environment friendly.
To the researchers, this study can help discover new ideas with the use of modern day technology.
Scope and Limitation
This research is mainly concerned on the effect of different OPM music genre on chicks. The study is limited only to genre—
rock, reggae, and pop and the control— background music. The researchers only include soundproof cages from the bamboo
sticks and plastic cups and can be easily adopted by locals in the community if they utilize the results of the study.
This study was conducted in Suha, Bigaan, San Teodoro, Oriental Mindoro, and November – March 2016.

Methodology
The researchers gathered and prepared the following materials at the same time with appropriate quantity.
Materials and Equipment Quantity
Chickens 12 pcs
Speakers 3 pcs
Plastic cups 6 packs
Chick Booster 5 kilos
Vetracin 8 packs
Water 5L
Light bulbs 4 pcs
Feeding cup 4
Weighing scale 1
Scissors 4
Bamboo Sticks 100 sticks
Hammer 1
Nail ¼ kilo
Tape 1
Glue stick 10 pcs
Straw 1 roll
Saw 1 pc
Nail Polish 3 colors
The researchers constructed 4 boxes 20x20x20 out of plastic cups and used papers for maximum soundproof and used
bamboo stick for the pen to stand. The researcher tested the box if it is soundproof so that no disturbance will be heard.
On the box made, the researcher left a hole for the installation of speakers. The researcher used a straw so that the speaker
hung and for the speaker to be maintained clean.
Observation of the Chickens
Day 1 of Observation Day 7 of Observation

Three chicks were placed in each box for the observation. The researcher will place at least 250 grams of starter feeds and a
Vetracin on the feeding can and 250 mL of water each box. The chickens were observed for one week with 10 OPM songs for
each genre with 125-2000 Hz and were repeated for whole day. The chicks were fed at 6 in the morning and 6 in the afternoon.

Gathering of Data
Results and Discussion
Identify the effects in the feeding activity among chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in various OPM music genres in
terms of weight gain.
Table 1: The weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Pop music after 7 days
Set-up Music Genre Weight (g) Weight Gain (g)
 Day 1 Day 7
A Pop 100 300 200
B Pop 100 350 250
C Pop 100 350 250
Total 700
Average 233.33
Table 1 presents the weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Pop music after 7 days. Result
shows that Set-Ups A, B, and C got a weight gain of 200g, 250g and 250g respectively.
Data revealed that OPM Pop music affect the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in all set- ups as proven
that the initial weight has been tripled at the end of the week, having an average weight gain of 233.33 g.
According to some poultry business owners, they use radios as tools in providing music backgrounds to chickens early age as
chicks.

Table 2: The weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Rock Music after 7 days
Weight (g)
Set-up Music Genre Weight Gain (g)
Day 1 Day 7
A Rock 100 320 220
B Rock 100 360 260
C Rock 100 360 260
Total 740
Average 246.67
Table 2 presents the weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Rock music after 7 days. Result
shows that Set-Ups A, B, and C got a weight gain of 220g, 260g and 260g respectively.
Data reveals that OPM Rock music affect the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in all set- ups as proven that
the initial weight has been tripled at the end of the week, having an average weight gain of 246.67 g.
According to some poultry business owners, they use radios as tools in providing music backgrounds to chickens early age as
chicks.
This is the best OPM music genre that affects the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
Table 3: The weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Reggae Music after 7 days
Weight (g)
Set-Up Music Genre Weight Gain (g)
Day 1 Day 7
A Reggae 100 305 205
B Reggae 100 290 190
C Reggae 100 310 210
Total 605
Average 201.67
Table 3 presents the weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in OPM Reggae music after 7 days. Result
shows that Set-Ups A, B, and C got a weight gain of 205g, 190g and 210g respectively.
Data reveals that OPM Reggae music affect the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in all set- ups as proven
that the initial weight has been doubled at the end of the week, having an average weight gain of 201.67g.
According to some poultry business owners, they use radios as tools in providing music backgrounds to chickens early age as
chicks.

Table 4: The weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced into the Environment Sounds after 7 days
Weight (g)
Set-up Weight Gain (g)
Day 1 Day 7
A Environment sounds 100 210 110
B Environment sounds 100 290 190
C Environment sounds 100 290 190
 Total 490
Average 163.33
Table 4 presents the weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) introduced in the environment set-up after 7 days.
Result shows that Set-Ups A, B, and C got a weight gain of 110g, 190g and 190g respectively.
Data reveals that the environment set-up affect the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) hardly in all set- ups
as proven that the initial weight doubled at the end of the week, having an average weight gain of 163.33g.
According to some poultry business owners, they use radios as tools in providing music backgrounds to chickens early age as
chicks.
Identify the best OPM genre that improves feeding activity of the chickens.
Table 5: The Average Weight Gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) exposed in Various OPM music genres in 7 days
OPM Music Genre Total weight gain Average Weight Gain
Pop 700 233.33
Rock 740 246.67
Reggae 605 201.67
Environment Sound 490 163.33
Table 5 shows the average weight gain of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) exposed in various OPM music genres in 7 days.
As gleaned from the table, OPM Rock music got an average on the weight gain, 246.67g. Shown on the table above OPM reggae
music got an average of 201.67g. OPM pop music got an average weight gain of 233.33g. The negative control has an average
of 163.33g.
Results show that the more lively the genre, the more it affects the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Determine the significant difference on the effect between the various OPM music genres of the feeding activity of chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus) in terms of weight gain.
Table 6: The Summary of the difference between each OPM genre music in terms of weight gain

Samples F crit Computed F- value Interpretation Decision

Pop vs Rock vs Reggae 5.14 3.26 not significant accepted
Table shows the summary of the results of the ANOVA in the difference on the effect of OPM music in terms of weight gain.
The results of ANOVA between the various OPM music genres show a computed F- value of 3.26 which is lower than the F value
of 5.14. Thus the hypothesis that there is no significant difference is accepted.

Determine the significant difference on the effect between the various OPM music genres of the feeding activity of Chickens
(Gallus gallus domesticus) against the negative control.
Table 7: The summary of the difference between each OPM music genres and the Negative control
The table above reveals the summary of the difference between each OPM music genres and the negative control.
The result of the
Samples T-crit Computed T- value Interpretation Decision
t-test between
Pop vs Environment sound 4.30 7 Significant rejected OPM Pop music
and the
Rock vs Environment sound 4.30 6.25 Significant rejected
environment
Reggae vs Environment set-up shows a
sound 4.30 1.33 not significant accepted computed t-
value of 7 which is higher than the tabular value of 4.30. Thus, the hypothesis that there is no significant difference is rejected.
Analysis of data reveals that there is also a significant difference on the effect of OPM Rock music and the environment se-up
as evident on the computed t- value of 6.25 which is higher than the tabular value of 4.30.
The computed t- value of 1.33 is lower than the tabular value of 2.47. This means that there is no significant difference between
OPM Reggae music and the environment set-up. Thus, null hypothesis is accepted.
Findings and Conclusion
Findings
Among the salient findings of this study were the following:
Environment set-up affects the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) minimally. Upon the 7-d ay exposure it
only doubled the weight of the chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) exposed in various OPM
music genres showed behavioral change and effects as it exhibited excessive eating despite of sleepiness.
Among the three OPM music genres, OPM Rock music greatly affects the weight gain of the chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
as it tripled the initial weight on all 3 set-ups.
OPM Reggae music least affects the weight gain of the chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) as it doubled the initial weight on all
3 set-ups.
OPM Pop music affects the weight gain of the chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) as it also tripled the initial weight on all 3 set-
ups.
Conclusions
In view of the foregoing findings, the following conclusions were made:
Exposure to various OPM music genres affects the feeding activity of chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
The lively the genre, the more it affects weight gain.
There is no significant difference among the OPM Pop music, OPM Rock music and OPM Reggae music in terms of the weight
gain of the Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
There is a significant difference between OPM Pop music and the environment sounds in terms of the weight gain of the
chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
There is a significant difference between the OPM Rock music and the environment sounds in terms of the weight gain of
chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
There is no significant difference between the OPM Reggae music and the environment sound in terms of the weight gain of
chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
Recommendations
Add the days needed in order to observe the behavior of the Chickenss (Gallus gallus domesticus).
Measure the stress level of the chickenss with the feeding activity of Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
Use egg tray instead of plastic cups in order the pen to be sound proof.
Make it a 24 hour exposure of music on the Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
Also use radio as the positive control together with the environment set-up.
References and Bibliographies
Ke, B., and Y. Han. 2007. Poultry sector in China: Structural changes during the past decade and future trends, edited by O.
Thieme and D. Pilling in Poultry in the 21st Century: Avian Influenza and Beyond. 1-33. Bangkok, Rome: Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations.
Mathews, K. Jr., J. Bernstein, and J.C. Buzby. 2003. International Trade of Meat/Poultry Products and Food Safety Issues. In
International Trade and Food Safety: Economic Theory and Case Studies, edited by J. Buzby. 48-73. AER-828. United States
Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Washington DC. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/aib-agricultural
information-bulletin/aib789-4.aspx
MacDonald, J. 2008. Economic Organization of the Poultry Industry. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research
Service, Washington D.C., EIB 38, June. http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/205671/eib38_1_.pdf.
Arce-Menocal J, Avila-Gonzales E, Lopez-Coelho C, Garibay-Torres L, Martinez-Lemus LA. Body weight, The Journal of Applied
Poultry Research 2009; 18: 465-471.