INGLES UNIDAD 11

Inversion is a grammatical structure where the usual order of subject-verb-object is

changed to verb-subject-object. This is done for a variety of reasons, such as to
emphasize a particular element of a sentence or to ask a question. There are several
types of inversion in English grammar, and each one has its own rules and usage. Here
are some examples:

1. Subject-verb inversion: In this type of inversion, the subject and verb of a sentence
are reversed. This is commonly used in questions and commands.

Example:

Normal order: You are going to the party tonight.

Inverted order: Are you going to the party tonight?

2. Auxiliary verb inversion: This type of inversion is used with auxiliary verbs (e.g., "be,"
"have," "do") in order to form questions and negatives.

Example:

Normal order: She has finished her homework.

Inverted order: Has she finished her homework?

3. Adverbial inversion: This type of inversion is used to emphasize adverbs and

adverbial phrases at the beginning of a sentence.

Example:

Normal order: He rarely goes to the gym.

Inverted order: Rarely does he go to the gym.

In general, the key to using inversion correctly is to identify the purpose of the
sentence and choose the appropriate type of inversion. It's also important to pay
attention to word order and subject-verb agreement when inverting a sentence.

1- Rarely, Seldom, Never, Hardly ever

2- On no account, Under no circustances, In no way, At no time
3- Only in Winter do i wear a jacket, Only when it rains do i wear a jacket, Only if it
is very cold and rainy do i wear a jacket
4- Not until 1983 did i get a job, Not until i finished school did i get a job, Not
since last year, Not only did she remember, but also she explained it
5- No sooner had he arrived tan everybody left, Hardly…. When…, Barely….when..,
Scarcely…when.., Little…that
Hardly, barely, scarcely, no sooner

We normally use hardly … when, barely … when, scarcely … when, and no sooner …

than in narratives with past perfect in the inversion.

We use no sooner … than (NOT that, or when)

Adverbial + clause + inversion

Note that after some adverbials, such as only if and only when we use a subordinate
clause (subject + verb), and that the inversion is never in the subordinate clause but in
the main verb of the sentence. Check the sentence below:

 Only when  I sleep  can I forget  about the accident.  (NOT: Only when do  I sleep
I can…)
The same happens with other adverbials, such as not since and not until; we use a
subordinate clause (subject + verb), and the inversion is never in the subordinate clause
but in the sentence’s main verb. Check the sentence below:

 Not since I was a child  have  I had  such a great time.  (NOT: Not since was I a
child I’ve had …)

If you are in doubt, it’s always useful to look at the sentence without the negative
adverbial at the beginning.

 I can forget  about the accident only when I sleep. 

 I haven’t had  such a great time since I was a child.

The main subject and verb are at the beginning of the sentence, and this is the element
that must be in the inversion.

Not

We must always use not followed by another element before the inversion.

 Not often  can we see  such great expressions of art. (NOT Not can we see such
great expressions of art often.)

Adverbs of frequency

We can also use inversion after the negative or restrictive adverbs of frequency, such
as seldom, rarely, or never.

We often use never to talk about experiences. In that case, we normally use present
perfect or past perfect.

VOCABULARY SIGHT

 A breathtaking view
 A familiar sight - Take a closer look at
 A rare sight - Visible to the naked eye
 A unique look - Vision of the future
 Catch sight of (suddenly see or notice something or someone) - X-ray visión
 Catch your eye
 Come into view (algo que salió a la luz, estaba escondido)
 Have a look at
 Hide from view
 In full view of (lo hizo delante de.. y no le importo)
 In the public eye
 In Depth look
 Keep out of sight (ocultar)
 Look out for
 On view
 Poor visión
WORD FORMATION

 Low turnout: poca asistencia

 Heavy downpour:  a sudden and unexpected heavy fall of rain.
 Sharp upturn: an improvement or a change to a higher level or value: a sharp
upturn in the economy
 On a low income: not having or earning much money
 Serious outbreak of: beggining of something bad
 Suffers from two major drawback: disadvantages
 Possible outcome of: a list of all the resulting possibilities from an event.
 Suffered a major setback/upset: incoveniente
 Fall in industrial output:
 Priviliged background: resources that your family has
 Outburst of temper: a sudden violent expression of strong feeling