Driller Curriculum

Well Control Institute (WCI)
Core Curriculum and Related Learning Outcomes:
Driller Level

Revision 8B
May 14, 2014

Prepared by Black & Veatch Corp.

DRAFT WORK PRODUCT – FOR INDUSTRY COMMENT

Core Curriculum and Related Learning Outcomes for Drilling Operations:
Driller Level – Surface and Subsea

Contents
3. Driller Level Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1. Drilling, Workover, Completion Plan -‐ Awareness ........................................................................................................................................ 4
3.2. Technical Principles ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3. Barriers ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.4. Wellbore Fluids ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.5. Pre-‐Recorded Data ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.6. Causes of Kicks ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.7. Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling ....................................................................................................................................... 20
3.8. Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs .............................................................................................................................................................. 21
3.9. Well Control Drills ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
3.10. Indications of a Kick ................................................................................................................................................................................ 24
3.11. Shut-‐In Procedures ................................................................................................................................................................................. 27
3.12. Post Shut-‐In ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
3.13. Kill Methods ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 30
3.14. Casing and Cementing Considerations ................................................................................................................................................... 32
3.15. Risk Management ................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
3.16. Equipment .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 34
3.17. Extract of Subsea Elements ..................................................................................................................................................................... 39

Page 2 of 45

Prepared by Black & Veatch Corp. Revision 8B: May 14, 2014

3. Driller Level Overview
The purpose of the core curriculum is to identify a body of knowledge and a set of job skills that can be used to provide well control skills for
drilling operations.
This curriculum incorporates both surface and subsea topics. The majority of the topics are relevant to both surface and subsea operations.
Those topics specific to subsea are in a BLUE font. To assist the user, all Subsea topics have been extracted into Section 3.17.
Recommended Attendees:
WCI recommend the following Job Positions attend the Driller Level course:
• Driller
• Assistant Driller
• Barge Engineer (Drilling Rigs)
• Captain/Master (Drilling Rigs)
• Directional Driller
• Land contract engineers (Drilling Engineer [land])
• Mud Engineer
• Mud Logger/Wellsite drilling data engineer
• Onshore monitoring crew
• Wireline/Slickline crews
Note:
• Blue Text = Subsea

• Black Text = Common to Surface and Subsea
Page 3 of 45


3.1. Drilling, Workover, Completion Plan -‐ Awareness
*A = Awareness of learning topics at this job level
Module Name: Drilling, Workover, Completion Plan -‐ Awareness I = Implements learning topics at this job level
M = Mastery of learning topics at this job level
Learning Topics AIM* Learning Objectives Assessments and Learning Outcomes
The attendee will gain an understanding of: The attendee will be able to:
Key elements of the drilling, work over, and
completion program that are important to ensure List key elements of the well program that the Driller
Well Work Objectives A
control and containment of formation fluids at all applies to kick prevention.
times during rig operations.
Fracture Gradients, State the importance of knowing Fracture Pressures,
The importance of knowing the Fracture pressures,
Pore Pressures and A Kick Tolerance and Formation Fluid Pressures (pore
kick tolerance and pore pressures in the well.
Kick Tolerance pressures) when drilling.
Casing & Cementing The role of casing and cementing in the drilling of a
A State the role/s of casing and cementing in a well.
Program well and for containing formation fluids.
Why a well-‐designed drilling and fluid program is
Fluids Program A Select key functions of a fluids program
important to containment of formation fluids.
Barrier Management A The term Barrier Management. Define Barrier Management

3.2. Technical Principles

Module Name: Technical Principles
Learning Topics AIM LEARNING OBJECTIVES ASSESSMENTS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
List the common oilfield sedimentary rocks: e.g.
Well Control A The basic types of sedimentary rock.
Sandstone, Carbonates, Shale/Claystone, Salt
Terminology &
A The term Rock Matrix. Select the definition of Rock Matrix
Formation
A The term Porosity. Select the definition of Porosity
Characteristics
A The term Permeability Select the definition of Permeability
Page 4 of 45


Describe how permeability can affect well control: e.g.
kick size, speed of influx, shut-‐in pressures,
Select the definition of Formation Fluid Pressure (pore
A The term Formation Fluid Pressure (pore pressure).
pressure)
Select the main formation (pore) fluids: e.g. Water, Oil,
Hydrocarbon Gas, other Gases.
A The main types of formation fluids.
State the density difference between main formation
fluids
How formation fluids are contained in the formation
I Select definition of Primary well control
during drilling operations.
Select the definition of a Kick
I The term Kick.
Select definition of Secondary well control
Select the definition of a Blowout
Select cause of a blowout: e.g. failure of secondary
I The term Blowout.
control such as BOP, drill string BOP, casing burst,
‘broaching’ around casing.
Distinguish the difference between Balance,
The terms Balance, Underbalance and Overbalance
Underbalance and Overbalance.
I in relation to Mud Weight and Formation fluid
Choose the balance condition from a well diagram
pressure.
showing mud weights and formation pressures.
Given data calculate the pressure on an area when
given a force: e.g. if pressure inside a vessel is 50psi
Pressure, Force, Area I The relationship between pressure, force and area.
what is force acting on an area of 5 square feet,
definition of buoyancy, pipe light and pipe heavy.
Select the definition of hydrostatic pressure and
Hydrostatic Pressure I Hydrostatic pressure in relation to a well.
pressure gradient
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& Gradient State reason why hydrostatic pressure is important in
well control: e.g. maintain pressure to hold back
formation fluids; to prevent wellbore collapse; to
prevent formation fracture
Perform a calculation of hydrostatic pressure: e.g.
given height and weight of a fluid; given height and
pressure gradient of a fluid; loss of hydrostatic due to
Technique to calculate hydrostatic pressure and
fluid level drop.
gradient.
Perform a calculation of hydrostatic pressure gradient:
e.g. given weight of a fluid or given pressure and
height of a fluid column.
State reason why the 'constant' in a hydrostatic
Importance of using the correct Constant when
formula is important. e.g. different constants for
calculating Hydrostatic Pressure.
different units of measurement.
Principle of a U-‐tube. Select the definition of a u-‐tube
State what would happen if a certain weight of fluid
was pumped into the u-‐tube and how this might affect
hydrostatic pressure and pump pressure: e.g. effect on
How a u-‐tube works in a well.
mud level in the two legs of the u-‐tube; effect of
surface pressures if end of u-‐tube is sealed by BOP or
Principle of U-‐Tube I Valve.
Describe how pumping a heavy weight slug affects
mud level, mud returns and bottom hole pressure.
The effect on the u-‐tube when pumping a heavy Calculate mud returns following displacement of a
weight slug before tripping. heavy weight slug into the drill string prior to tripping:
e.g. how much mud should return back at surface from
a given weight and volume of slug.
Page 6 of 45


Describe how the circulation and displacement of
cement can affect pumping pressure: e.g. will
How cement circulation affects pumping pressure.
pumping pressure increase, decrease or stay the same
during the various stages of cementing the casing.
Friction and Pump pressure. Select the definition of “pump pressure”
Describe how frictional losses around the circulating
How friction in the different sections of the well
system result in pump pressure: e.g. sum of losses in
contributes to final pump pressure.
surface lines, drill string, bit and annulus
Recognize how mud properties, hole geometry and
Pump Pressure I How mud weight, viscosity, flow rate and hole
flow rate affect the pump pressure, effect of pumping
geometry affect pump pressure.
a different weight fluid around the well (u-‐tube effect).
Formulae used to calculate variation in pump
Using industry standard formula calculate effect of
pressure due to pump speed and mud weight
mud weight and flow rate changes on pump pressure
changes.
Select the definition of “Equivalent Mud Weight”: e.g.
The term Equivalent Mud Weight. required mud weight, includes fluid density increases
Pressure and
required to balance formation pressure
Equivalent Mud I
Standard formula and conversion factor/s used to
Weights Calculate pressure gradient and equivalent mud
convert a pressure to a pressure gradient and an
weight using data related to a well.
equivalent mud weight and back to a pressure.
Surge and swab pressure. Select the definition for Surge and Swab pressures
List factors that affect the development and
Surge and Swab
I magnitude of surge and swab pressures: e.g. trip
Pressures Factors that affect surge and swab pressures.
speed, pipe/hole clearance, bit shape, BHA Design,
fluid characteristics, hole conditions.
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Predict the effects of excessive surge and swab
pressures on the wellbore and the potential impact on
Potential problems associated with excessive surge
well control/integrity: e.g. swabbing formation fluid
and swab.
into the wellbore, surging wellbore fluid into the
formation, bottom hole pressure changes.
Choose actions to take to minimize surge and swab
Actions to take to minimize swab and surge as pressures: e.g. reduce tripping speed as provided by
directed by supervisor. swab-‐surge calculations, pumping out of the hole,
maintain good fluid properties, BHA design.
The term bottom hole pressure. Select the definition of “bottom hole pressure”
Distinguish between hydrostatic pressure and bottom
hole pressure: e.g. Static versus circulating bottom
How it can be different from hydrostatic pressure.
hole pressure, cuttings loading, shut-‐in pressure, pipe
movement.
Describe why bottom hole pressure is so important to
The importance of bottom hole pressure. well control/integrity: e.g. too low can cause a kick,
Equivalent Circulating too high can cause losses.
Density (ECD) & Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD). Select the definition of ECD
I
Bottom Hole Pressure State how ECD is derived ((formula not required): e.g.
(BHP) How ECD is derived
from calculated annular friction losses.
Describe how different operations can impact ECD and
the resulting effect on bottom hole pressure: e.g.
reduction when pumps are stopped at connections or
Operations that affect ECD. flow checks, circulation across flowline versus
circulating through choke or kill line, pumping out of
the hole, circulating cement, high viscosity pills,
pumping lost circulation material
Page 8 of 45


How to calculate the capacities and volumes of fluid
Using well data calculate the capacities and volumes of
inside the drill string and the annulus (using
fluid inside the drill string and the annulus.
common formulas and kill sheets).
Describe why the calculation of volumes is important
to kick prevention, detection and well control: e.g.
Capacities,
The importance of knowing hole volumes. bottoms-‐up time, connection and trip gas, spotting
Displacements, and I
fluids around well, displacing hole with lighter or
Strokes
heavier fluid, trip monitoring.
How to calculate the displacement of common Using well data calculate the displacement of common
tubulars. tubulars.
How to convert a Volume into pump strokes and
Convert volumes into pump strokes and time
time.
The term formation strength. Select the correct definition of formation strength
Select reason why we need to know formation
Fracture Pressure & Why we need to determine Formation Strength. strength: e.g. to determine maximum pressure than
Gradient & Mud can be safely applied to the open hole shoe formation
I
Weight Testing (FIT & How formation strength can be determined on the Select techniques used to determine formation
LOT) rig (FIT/LOT). strength
The key checks to make to ensure an accurate
Select causes of inaccurate FIT/LOT measurements
FIT/LOT.
Define the term Maximum Anticipated Surface
Select the definition of MASP
Pressure (MASP).
MASP (Maximum Describe why MASP is important to Well
Anticipated Surface A Control/Integrity: e.g. consequences of exceeding
Pressure) How MASP is used in well design maximum pressure limitations, BOP selection, casing
burst selection, wellhead rating, surface manifolds
pressure rating.
Page 9 of 45


The terms MAASP and maximum allowable (leak-‐off) Select the definition of MAASP and maximum
Maximum Allowable mud weight allowable (leak off) mud weight.
Annular Surface Describe the consequences of exceeding MAASP or
Why MAASP and Maximum Allowable (Leak-‐Off)
Pressure (MAASP) & leak-‐off mud weight on well control/integrity: e.g. lost
I Mud Weight are important to the Driller.
Maximum Allowable circulation, mud level drop, potential kick, downtime.
(Leak-‐OFF) Mud Using Formation Strength data calculate MAASP using
How to calculate MAASP
Weight formula or kill sheet.
When MAASP must be recalculated State when MAASP needs to be re-‐calculated.
The term wellbore ballooning. Select the definition of “ballooning”
State action/s to take if ballooning is suspected: e.g.
The first action/s to take if well is Ballooning.
treat first indication as a kick
Recognize drilling trends that assist the Driller to
How to recognize Ballooning. suspect ballooning: e.g. losses while circulating, gains
Ballooning I
when pumps off
Define term Fingerprinting Select the definition of “Fingerprinting”
List data that can be fingerprinted: e.g. loss rates vs.
Data that can be fingerprinted to help identify
SPM, establish flow back profile (flow rate and flow
ballooning versus a kick.
back volumes and times) at connection.
Select the effects of gas on wellbore mud hydrostatic
How the low density of gas affects the hydrostatic and bottom hole pressure: e.g. reduces pressure as gas
pressure. expands, may cause underbalance, gas-‐cut mud at
surface effect, re-‐circulating gas-‐cut mud.
Gas Behavior A
Describe the correct relationship between gas
The relationship between pressure and volume of a pressure and gas volume: e.g. Boyles Law concept to
gas in the wellbore. explain pressure/volume relationship, most expansion
close to surface.
Page 10 of 45


State why the pressure of gas in the mud must be
reduced as it is circulated uphole: e.g. if not allowed to
Why a gas kick must expand as it is circulated up the expand gas will increase wellbore pressures, danger of
wellbore. allowing it to expand uncontrolled, (reduced
hydrostatic, well kick, Riser unloading), circulating
through choke to maintain bottom hole pressure.
The term Gas migration Select the definition of gas migration
Predict the consequences of gas migration in the
wellbore and on associated pressure gauges. e.g. In a
Consequences of gas migration. shut-‐in well, in an open well (pit gain, reduced
hydrostatic, well kick, Riser unloading), migration
rates, effect of hole angle
Select statements on how gas behaves in water based
How gas normally behaves in a water-‐based mud.
muds.
How gas normally behaves in an oil-‐based mud Select statements on how gas behaves in oil based
(solubility). muds.
Select reasons why it can be difficult to detect kicks
when gas is in solution in the mud: e.g. gas in solution,
The difficulty of detecting kicks with soluble gases
smaller volume increase seen on surface, flow rate and
while drilling and/or tripping.
PVT accuracy for small influxes, effect of rapid
expansion at bubble point.
Select correct statements on gas behavior as it is
What happens to a gas as it is circulated through the circulated across the choke. e.g. rapid expansion
choke from a high-‐pressure environment to a low-‐ overloading mud-‐gas separator, cooling effect on
pressure environment. equipment, increase velocity and potential erosion,
possible hydrate formation causing plugging.

Page 11 of 45


3.3. Barriers
Module Name: Barriers

Learning Topics AIM Learning Objectives Assessments and Learning Outcomes
Select the definition of a Barrier
Barriers and barrier systems.
Select the definition of a Barrier System
For typical drilling operations state how barriers
Philosophy and maintain well integrity: e.g. role of mud, cement,
Operation of Barrier I casing, BOP, String Valves, Packers.
How barriers are used to maintain well integrity in
Systems For typical casing & cementing operations state how
drilling and casing operations
barriers maintain well integrity: e.g. role of mud,
cement, previous casing, BOP, inside casing non return
valves
Number of Barriers The minimum number of barriers required for safe Select the correct number of barriers for normal
I
for Safe Operation operations and why. operations
How common mechanical barriers are tested to Select the definition of a positive test
ensure well integrity. Select the definition of a negative test
Describe how a failed barrier can be detected: e.g.
Testing Barriers I flow from the well, monitor for BOP leaks using trip
How to recognize a failed barrier. tank, losses to the well, increase in surface pressure
when shut-‐in, pressure between casing strings, failed
BOP pressure test

Page 12 of 45


3.4. Wellbore Fluids
Module Name: Wellbore Fluids
Select main types and additives related to well control:
The main types and additives of fluids used for e.g. Water-‐based, Non-‐aqueous, completion fluids,
drilling and completing wells. compressible fluids (air, foams, mist), weighting
Functions and Types
A material, viscosifiers.
of Wellbore Fluid
Select key mud functions related to well control: e.g.
Key functions of these fluids. hydrostatic pressure, carry cuttings, hold barite in
suspension.
Describe how mud density is measured using
Two different methods to measure fluid density and
atmospheric or pressurized mud-‐balances: e.g. reason
the reason for the difference.
for difference, importance of calibration
Fluid Density
Select reasons why key mud properties are checked at
Measuring M
the suction pit and shakers at regular time intervals:
Techniques Importance of regular mud property measurements
e.g. close monitoring of mud weight in and out, early
in kick prevention.
recognition of problems, time between
measurements, who should be told.
Select fluid and solids contaminants that can affect
The main mud contaminants and how they affect
well control: e.g. formation fluids, cuttings, surface
hydrostatic pressure.
water/base oil.
Potential
Describe the effect of temperature on mud weight and
Contaminants and
hydrostatic pressure: e.g. reduced hydrostatic, gas
their Effects A How mud temperature can affect mud properties.
solubility, effect of the subsea environment on density
(including
and solubility.
Temperature)
Select action/s to take if mud is contaminated: e.g.
Actions to take if contaminated mud is present in
inform Supervisor and Mud Engineer, stop drilling and
the circulating system
condition mud, know volume effect when mixing.
Page 13 of 45


Module Name: Wellbore Fluids
Carry out a calculation of mud pit volume for a given
Calculate the mud volume per unit of depth of fluid
depth of pit. e.g. calculate bbls/ft, calculate volume in
in the mud pit.
pit based on level.
Give examples of rig operations and environmental
Situations that can affect accurate measurement of conditions that can affect accuracy of mud pit volume
pit levels. measurements. e.g. crane operations, ballasting,
movement, seawater suction.
Demonstrate how to set up acceptable high and low
Acceptable pit level alarm values.
alarm pit level values.
Demonstrate how to line up pits and pumps in
Demonstrate how to line up pits and pumps.
preparation for normal circulation.
State well-‐control problems that can occur when
The dangers of adding/transferring fluids to a pit
Pit Management M adding/transferring mud: e.g. unable to measure gains
system during active drilling/circulating operation.
or losses.
Actions to take in the event of a pit volume Select action to take in event of a pit level discrepancy:
discrepancy. e.g. stop drilling, flow check, analyze pit level records
Give reasons why drilling and completion fluids are
Reasons for agitation of muds and brines. 'agitated' in the pits e.g. prevent settling,
crystallization.
Give instructions to crew on mud pit monitoring when
Role and responsibilities of drill crew personnel who
drilling and during a well kill: e.g. pit measuring
are working with the pit system.
devices, communication with rig floor.
Give instructions to crew on roles and responsibilities
How drill crew should be organized when circulating during a well kill. e.g. weighting up mud, monitoring
out and killing a kick. pit levels, switching suction when required, monitoring
shakers.

Page 14 of 45


3.5. Pre-‐Recorded Data
Module Name: Pre-‐Recorded Data
Give reasons for taking an SCR: e.g. calculate ICP/FCP,
The reason for taking slow circulating rates (SCRs).
detect potential leaks in system.
Select times that an SCR can be taken: e.g. at selected
depth interval, mud property changes, hole geometry
Time/s an SCR should be taken and when not to take changes, every shift.
an SCR Select times when taking a SCR may give an inaccurate
Slow Circulating Rates M
result e.g. immediately after a trip or extended non-‐
circulating time, different mud weights in hole.
Typical flow rate/SPM for an SCR State typical flow rates for a SCR.
How to take an SCR. Describe how to take a SCR.
Which gauges are commonly used to read the SCR
State which gauges are used to record a SCR.
value.
Give reasons for taking a CLF: e.g. assist start up
Reason for taking choke line frictions (CLFs).
process, expected pressure increase at end of kill.
Select times that a CLF can be taken: e.g. mud
property changes.
Time/s a CLF should be taken and when not to take a
Select times when taking a CLF may give an inaccurate
Choke and Kill Line CLF.
M result e.g. immediately after extended non-‐circulating
Friction
time, cold mud, gelled mud.
Typical flow rate/SPM for a CLF. State typical flow rates for a CLF: e.g. same as SCRs.
Two common ways to take a CLF. Describe how to take a CLF.
Which gauges are commonly used to read the CLF
State which gauges are used to record a CLF.
value.
Page 15 of 45


Module Name: Pre-‐Recorded Data
Recognize the effect on bottom hole pressure when
The effect of taking the CLF on bottom hole using different methods for taking CLF: e.g. how
pressure. different technique can impose CLF pressure on the
wellbore.
How to complete the volumes and stroke data on a Complete Volume and stroke calculations on a kill
Volumes & Strokes M
kick sheet. sheet
The effect choke and kill line fluid density, that is Recognize the effect of different kill and choke line
Choke & Kill Line Fluid
I different from the fluid density in the wellbore, on fluids on shut-‐in values: e.g. how different fluid
Densities
preparations to kill a well. weights can affect SICP.
Complete pre-‐kick data on kill sheet: e.g. Volumes,
How to maintain relevant pre-‐kick data on the kill
Kill Sheet I strokes, SCR/CLF, MAASP/MAMW, depths, diameters,
sheet.
daily recorded values

3.6. Causes of Kicks

Module Name: Causes of Kicks
Select the definition for Abnormal pressure
Abnormal Pore Abnormal pressure and how it affects primary Describe the effect of Abnormally pressured
I
Pressure control. formations on primary well control. e.g. reduction in
overbalance/safety margin, reduced trip margin.
How hydrostatic pressure can be reduced due to Describe how formation fluids (gas, oil, water) affect
Mud Weight and contamination by formation fluids. mud hydrostatic.
Contamination by M Describe how mud weight contamination can be
Formation Fluids How to recognize mud weight contamination. recognized: e.g. mud weight, viscosity, returns at
shakers, gas levels.
Page 16 of 45

For key rig floor crewmembers state how they monitor
Role and responsibility of rig floor crewmembers in for mud contamination: e.g. Shakerhand and
monitoring for contamination. Derrickhand for return weight, viscosity, mud
condition.
State potential well control problem when displacing
lighter fluids downhole: e.g. reduced hydrostatic
The effects of displacing mud in hole to a lightweight
pressure, mud contamination/barite settling, reduced
fluid
safety margin/trip margin, lightweight pills to release
differentially stuck pipe.
Give examples of mud weight reduction due to actions
How hydrostatic pressure can be reduced due to
at surface: e.g. dilution, barite settling, excessive
improper mud weight control at surface.
centrifuging.
State how mud weight reduction can be recognized:
Improper Mud Weight How to recognize mud weight reduction on surface. e.g. regular weight and viscosity checks at suction pit,
M
Control at Surface effect on pump pressure when pumping a lighter mud.
For key rig floor crewmembers state how they monitor
Role and responsibility of rig floor crewmembers in for mud weight reduction: e.g. importance of regular
monitoring for mud weight reduction. weight and viscosity checks at suction pit, informing
Driller.
Select common causes of lost circulation: e.g. Seepage
Common causes of lost circulation. losses through to total losses, during tripping and
drilling
How loss of circulation can affect the mud level and Describe effect of losses on mud pit levels, flow rate
Loss of Circulation M hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore. and downhole pressure.
Select actions for the Driller when lost circulation
occurs: e.g. keep hole full and monitor volume over
Typical Driller's actions to a loss of circulation
time, inform supervisor, type of fluid to use to fill hole,
possible shut-‐in.
Page 17 of 45


For key rig floor crew members state how they
monitor for mud losses: e.g. electronic monitoring,
Role and responsibility of rig floor crewmembers in manual monitoring, fluid returns at shakers,
monitoring for losses. awareness and communication of potential loss zones
in the well, slower tripping speeds, ECD effects on
losses, awareness of possible ballooning.
Describe the effect of tripping in and out of the hole
on mud level in the hole: e.g. level reduces when
What happens to mud level when tripping in and out
tripping out, well overflows on way in.
of hole. Explain how the effect on mud level impacts bottom
hole pressure: e.g. mud level drop will reduce
hydrostatic pressure.
Swabbing
Select the definition for Swabbing
Surging
Select the definition for Surging
Give examples of actions the Driller can take to
Tripping & Improper
M minimize swabbing and surging: e.g. trip speed,
Hole Fill
Actions to take to minimize swabbing and surging. optimize mud weights and viscosity, bit balling, BHA
design, monitor the trip, communicate between
Drillers of tight zones or where cuttings may
accumulate
Explain why we monitor Trips in and out of the hole:
e.g. detect swabbing or surging.
Role of Trip Monitoring when tripping in and out of Describe how to monitor a trip: e.g. use of trip sheet
the hole. and trip tank, alternative methods without a trip tank.
Describe how pipe displacements in and out of hole
help detect swabbing or surging: e.g. mud to replace
pipe on trip out, dry trip and wet trip calculation
Page 18 of 45

Analyze a trip sheet to determine if hole fill is normal
How to determine if hole fill on a trip sheet is or abnormal for the operation: e.g. analyze a trip sheet
normal or abnormal. for swabbing or surging, effect of swabbing on trip
margin
Select correct actions to take if hole fill is abnormal:
Action/s to take if hole fill readings are abnormal. e.g. flow check, run back to bottom and circulate
bottoms up.
State how trip monitoring is different between pulling
How to monitor the trip when pumping out of the
and pumping out of the hole: e.g. how to monitor for
hole
swabbing when pumping out of the hole.
Effect of running/pulling casing on bottom hole Describe the effect that running/pulling casing has on
pressure. BHP: e.g. swabbing and surging
Select reason why casing should be kept full when
Why casing should be regularly filled when running
running in the hole: e.g. maintain hydrostatic balance
in hole.
Poor Practices When on u-‐tube, prevent casing collapse.
Running/Pulling M Describe the type of precautions that must be taken
What precautions must be taken when running self-‐
Liners & Casing when running casing with a self-‐fill float assembly: e.g.
fill/automatic casing shoe floats.
check it is filling, ensure it is 'converted' if applicable.
How a kick can occur when running/pulling casing Select reason/s why kicks can occur when running
due to running/pulling speed (swab/surge) and casing: e.g. surging causes losses, which reduces
failure to fill casing. hydrostatic, failure of auto -‐fill float.
State how a kick can be caused by failure of a
mechanical barrier: e.g. a barrier that is retaining
pressure can fail and allow formation fluids to flow up
Barrier Failure I How barrier failure can cause a kick.
hole, when displacing well to a lighter weight fluid a
barrier can fail, what is expected differential across a
barrier.
Page 19 of 45


State how riser disconnect and riser gas can affect
BHP: e.g. reduction due to loss of mud column at
disconnect, principle of riser margin, gas expansion in
Riser Disconnect and How riser-‐disconnect and riser gas can reduce BHP.
M riser from drilling operation, gas coming out of
Riser Gas
solution in non-‐aqueous muds, risk to people and
equipment, action to take.
3.7. Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling

Module Name: Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling
Top-‐Hole drilling. Select the definition of Top Hole Drilling
Select the definition for Shallow gas flow
The terms Shallow Gas flow and Shallow Water flow.
Select the definition for Shallow water flow
State causes of abnormal pressure in top-‐hole
Cause of abnormal pressure in top-‐hole formations. sediments: e.g. trapped fluids, weight of overburden,
Definitions and charged formation.
Causes of Pressure in A State how shallow flows can be detected and
Top Hole Formations associated problems with detection: e.g. normal flow
route if connected to rig floor, ROV if Riserless, visual
How Shallow Gas and Water flows are detected and
indication at surface near rig or vessel, pump pressure
why there is limited reaction time.
decrease with increased strokes.
State why reaction time can be a problem with shallow
flows: e.g. reduced time due to being close to surface
Page 20 of 45


Module Name: Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling
Select common causes of going underbalance in top
hole: e.g. mud weight too low, gas cutting, swabbing,
Main causes of underbalance in top-‐hole drilling. overloaded annulus, lost circulation, abnormal
Causes of
pressure, artesian flow, reduced hydrostatic while
Underbalance in Top-‐ I
waiting on cement to set.
Hole
Explain why margin for error can be much smaller in
Why it is relatively easy to become underbalanced at
top hole: e.g. small difference between formation fluid
shallow depths.
pressure and fracture pressure, margin for error is less.
Demonstrate generic diverting procedure (Diverter
Diverting procedure.
connected)
Demonstrate common checks to make to ensure
Diverting Procedure M
control panel will function: e.g. confirm correct valve
Relevant checks on the Diverter control panel.
line-‐up and sequence, ensure valves returned to
normal if over-‐ride function used.
Select common good drilling and tripping practice in
Top Hole
Top-‐hole drilling/tripping practices that can reduce top hole to prevent kicks: e.g. control of mud weight,
Drilling/Tripping M
risk of a well flow. logging tool data, regular hole sweeps, drill pilot hole,
Practices
controlled ROP, pump out of hole.

3.8. Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs

Module Name: Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs
Recognize the common abnormal pressure warning
Common warning signs of an increasing formation
Abnormal Pressure I signs: e.g. Shaker evidence, changes to mud data,
fluid pressure (or a reduction in Overbalance).
changes to drilling data
Page 21 of 45


Module Name: Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs
Select action/s the Driller and crew must take if
Actions the Driller must take when warning signs are
warning signs are seen: e.g. inform supervisor, stop
recognized.
drilling, flow check.
State which crewmembers can monitor the various
Role and responsibilities of various rig floor
warning signs: e.g. Derrickhand, Shakerhand, Mud
crewmembers in monitoring for warning signs.
Logger.
Interpret observations and trends at Shakers that may
help crew members identify potential well control
How the returns at the shale shaker can identify
Shaker Evidence M problems: e.g. visual condition of mud, cuttings load,
potential kick conditions.
cuttings shape, sloughing shale (caving’s), gas-‐cut mud,
mud weight and viscosity.
Interpret observations and trends in mud data that
may help crew members identify potential well control
How mud properties can be affected by potential
Changes to Mud Data M problems: e.g. weight, viscosity, gas cutting,
kick conditions,
background gas increases, trip gas, connection gas,
mud chlorides, mud temperature
Interpret observations and trends in drilling
How drilling parameters are affected by potential parameters that may help you identify potential well
kick conditions control problems: e.g. ROP changes (drilling break),
Changes to Drilling
M torque, drag, pump pressure decrease
Data
Drilling Breaks. Recognize a positive and negative drilling break
Demonstrate correct action to take in event of a
Action to take in event of a drilling break
drilling break

Page 22 of 45


3.9. Well Control Drills
Module Name: Well Control Drills
Objective of Pit Drills Select objective for carrying out Pit Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for a Pit Drill e.g. what crew
Pit Drills M for a Pit Drill. members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for a Pit drill: e.g. generic
Drill procedures.
procedure
Objective of Trip Drills Select objective for carrying out Trip Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for a Trip Drill e.g. what
Trip Drills M for a Trip Drill. crew members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for a trip drill: e.g. generic
Drill procedures.
procedure
Objective of Stripping Drills. Select objective for carrying out Stripping Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for a Stripping Drill: e.g.
Stripping Drills M for a Stripping Drill. what crew members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for a Stripping drill: e.g.
Drill procedures.
generic procedure
Objective of Choke Drills. Select objective for carrying out Choke Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for a Choke Drill: e.g. what
Choke Drills M for a Choke Drill. crew members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for a Choke drill: e.g.
Drill procedures.
generic procedure
Objective of regular Abandonment Drills. Select objective for carrying out Abandonment Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for an Abandonment Drill:
Abandonment Drills M for an Abandonment Drill. e.g. what crew members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for an Abandonment drill:
Drill procedures.
e.g. generic procedure
Diverter Drill M Objective of Diverter Drills. Select objective for carrying out Diverter Drills
Page 23 of 45


Module Name: Well Control Drills
The roles and responsibilities of rig crew personnel Select common crew roles for a Diverter Drill: e.g.
for a Diverter Drill. what crew members normally do during this drill
Select standard procedure for a Diverter drill: e.g.
Drill procedures.
generic procedure
Hang-‐Off Drill M Objective of Hang-‐Off Drill Select objective for carrying out Hang-‐Off Drill
Explain why early detection of a kick is important: e.g.
minimize kick size and surface annular pressure,
The importance of early detection and the
minimize chance of formation fracture, blowout,
consequences of not shutting in on a kick in a timely
personnel safety, broaching around casing, gas
manner.
releases, fire, pollution, loss, Driller has authority to
Importance of Early shut-‐in without waiting on permission.
Response and M Give reasons why all crewmembers must inform their
Empowerment to Act supervisor if they see any potential well control issues:
Why each crewmember has the authority to stop e.g. minimizing chance of a kick and associated
work and communicate any possible early consequences, increased communication, the more
indications of well control problems. eyes on the problem the better, consequence of
stopping work is insignificant compared to a kick or
blowout.

3.10. Indications of a Kick

Module Name: Indications of a Kick
Flow Checks. Select definition of a Flow Check
Well Flow with Pumps Recognize the need to carry out a flow check and take
M
Off How to carry out a flow check. required action: e.g. difference between tripping and
drilling flow check
Page 24 of 45

Carry out follow up action if flow check is positive: e.g.
The action to take if flow check is positive.
difference between tripping and drilling operation.
Demonstrate how to carry out a flow check using the
How the trip tank can be used for a flow check.
Trip Tank: e.g. line up on trip tank and monitor flow
Select surface conditions that may make it difficult to
identify if the well is flowing: e.g. inoperable flow
meter, rig movement, dumping trip tank.
Conditions on surface that can make it difficult to
Select subsurface conditions that may make it difficult
decide if well is flowing
to identify if the well is flowing: e.g. low permeability
formation, small underbalance, ECD effects, gas
solubility.
Select correct reaction to well flow that may be due to
How to react to flow if ballooning is suspected. ballooning: e.g. initially assume an influx and shut-‐in,
make assessment for ballooning criteria.
Select reasons why it is important to monitor pit levels
at all times the rig is connected to the well: e.g. open
Why pit levels are closely monitored at all times.
hole always has a potential to flow, tested barriers
may fail.
How to monitor the well to detect pit level Demonstrate set up of PVT monitoring system: e.g.
increases. correct line-‐up, active pits monitored on PVT.
Pit Gain M Demonstrate set up of PVT alarm system: e.g.,
The acceptable alarm limits for pit levels. acceptable values for high and low level alarms set on
PVT.
Select surface operations that can give false pit level
What operations can increase or decrease pit level indications of a kick or losses: e.g. surface additions of
that are not related to flow or losses in the well. fluid, fluid transfers, ballooning, gas solubility, losses
through mud cleaning equipment, leaks
Page 25 of 45


accurately measure pit level: e.g. inoperable pit level
Conditions on surface that can make it difficult to sensors, rig movement, incorrect line up of circulation
get accurate pit level readings. system, mixing mud, dumping or transferring fluid/by-‐
pass shakers, tides, riser not connected, use of riser
boost line
Select correct action to take for a pit level
Action to take in event of abnormal pit level increase/decrease: e.g. flow check, shut-‐in, investigate
other options such as pit line-‐up only after shut-‐in.
Abnormal Trip Tank returns when tripping pipe or Identify abnormal trip tank readings from a trip sheet:
wirelining. e.g. identify abnormal readings on a trip sheet.
Select reasons why it is important to monitor flow
rates at all times the rig is connected to the well: e.g.
Why flow rates are closely monitored at all times.
open hole always has a potential to flow, tested
barriers may fail.
How to monitor the well to detect flow rate Demonstrate set up of Flow Rate monitoring system:
increases. e.g. correct line-‐up.
Demonstrate set up of Flow Rate alarm system: e.g.
Flow Return Rate The acceptable alarm limits for flow rates. acceptable values for high and low level alarms set on
M
Increase Flow Rate Indicator.
What operations can increase or decrease flow rate Select surface operations that can give false flow rate
that are not related to increased flow or losses in indications of a kick or losses: e.g. increased SPM,
the well. dumping trip tank, leaks in surface system.
Conditions on surface that can make it difficult to accurately measure flow rate: e.g. inoperable flow
get accurate flow rate readings. sensor, rig movement, tides, leaking Slip Joint, use of
riser boost line
Page 26 of 45


Select correct action to take for a flow rate
What action to take in event of an abnormal flow
increase/decrease: e.g. flow checks, shut-‐in,
reading
investigate other options only after shut-‐in.

3.11. Shut-‐In Procedures

Module Name: Shut-‐In Procedures
Demonstrate how to shut-‐in the well: e.g. surface or
Shut-‐in method (upon observing positive flow
subsea (including hang-‐off), demonstrate correct line-‐
indicators).
up for drilling
State reason for shutting in early: e.g. minimize influx
Why an immediate shut-‐in is essential.
size, minimize SICP, lower pressures on wellbore.
Drilling M
Steps to take to verify the well is secure and Carry out checks following shut-‐in to ensure well is
potential problem/s if not secure. secure: e.g. no leaks at BOP, string, pumps, manifolds.
Reasons for use of Blind/Shear Rams. Choose reasons for using blind and blind/shear rams
Action to take if non-‐shearable tubular is across Select actions that can be taken if well kicks with non-‐
BOP. shearable tubulars across the BOP
Describe how to shut-‐in the well while tripping e.g.
How to shut-‐in the well while tripping.
surface or subsea (including hang-‐off)
Tripping M Why an immediate shut-‐in is essential.
Out of Hole M Shut-‐in with all tubulars out of the hole. Select correct shut-‐in procedure
Page 27 of 45


Module Name: Shut-‐In Procedures
State reason for of shutting in early: e.g. minimize
Why an immediate shut-‐in is essential.
influx size, minimize SICP, lower pressures on wellbore.
Select correct shut-‐in procedure, including isolating
Procedure for shut-‐in while running Casing.
flow through casing
Select correct shut-‐in procedure, including isolating
Procedure for shut-‐in while cementing Casing.
flow through casing.
Select actions that can be taken if well kicks with non-‐
Action to take if non-‐shearables are across BOPs.
Running Casing and shearable tubulars across the BOP.
M
Cementing State reason for of shutting in early: e.g. minimize
Why an immediate shut-‐in is essential. influx size, minimize SICP, lower pressures on wellbore,
prevent casing collapse.
Carry out checks following shut-‐in to ensure well is
Steps to take to verify the well is secure and
secure: e.g. no leaks at BOP, casing IBOP/cement head,
potential problem/s if not secure.
pumps, manifolds.
Select correct shut-‐in procedure: e.g. including
Procedure for shut-‐in with wireline in the hole.
consideration for cutting/closure around wire
Wireline M Why an immediate shut-‐in is essential.
Steps to take to verify the well is secure and
Select correct steps to verify shut-‐in
potential problem/s if not secure.
Select correct procedure for Diverting, including
Diverting procedure.
correct line-‐up for diverting
Diverting M
Demonstrate common checks to make to ensure
Relevant checks on the Diverter control panel.
control panel will function

Page 28 of 45


3.12. Post Shut-‐In
Module Name: Post Shut-‐In
Select reason/s for recording shut-‐in data; e.g. show
Reason for recording data following a kick.
buildup of pressures over time, calculating kill data.
Record data following shut-‐in e.g. pressures, volumes,
Main data to record following a kick.
Kick Log I time.
Record data on correct gauges: e.g. Choke panel
Which gauges should be used to record Drillpipe and
gauges, compare with other gauges for
Casing pressures.
accuracy/calibration.
The procedure for identifying gas migration based State how gas migration is recognized: e.g. increasing
on shut-‐in pressures. shut-‐in pressures after initial stabilization
Select correct action to take for gas migration: e.g.
Gas Migration I
monitor pressure build up and time, inform supervisor,
Action the Driller must take if gas is migrating.
prepare line up options for bleed back/volumetric
option.
State possible cause of trapped pressure: e.g. mud still
Cause of trapped pressure.
flowing at shut-‐in, temperature effects.
State the effect that trapped pressure has on wellbore
The effects of trapped pressure on wellbore
Trapped Pressure I pressures: e.g. increase pressure in all parts of
pressures.
wellbore.
Select procedure to reduce trapped pressure: e.g.
Procedure to reduce trapped pressure.
prepare line-‐up options for bleed back.
Describe potential dangers when bleeding back drilling
fluid from a ballooning formation, e.g. too much
Dangers associated with bleeding fluid back from
Handling Ballooning I volume, bleed back formation fluid, formation fluids in
the well.
Riser when circulating out, rapid gas expansion in non-‐
aqueous fluids when circulated to surface.
Opening (Bumping) Procedure to open the float to obtain shut-‐in drill
I Carry out procedure to open float to read SIDPP
the Float Valve pipe pressure.
Page 29 of 45

Module Name: Post Shut-‐In
Line up Pits, pumps and manifolds in preparation for a
Line-‐up in preparation for kill
kill
Line-‐Up I
Line-‐up to monitor Riser and potential Annular/Ram Line up trip tank, valves and manifolds to allow
leak. detection of leaking BOP.

3.13. Kill Methods

Module Name: Kill Methods
Bottom Hole Pressure. Select the definition of BHP
Principles of Constant
State reason/s why BHP is important in kill operations:
Bottom Hole Pressure A The importance of bottom hole pressure in kill
e.g. prevent well flows, prevent losses, remove kick,
Methods operations.
replace with kill mud.
State key roles and responsibilities for Driller and crew
during well control operations: e.g. pit management,
pit monitoring, mixing Barite, expected pit gain,
Pre-‐kill Planning Key roles and responsibilities of the Driller and his or
I handling formation fluids, hydrates, pump control,
Meeting her crew in kill planning and during kill operation.
observing for leaks, correct line-‐ups, communication
with rig floor and mud engineer, review kill sheet data
and calculations.
The importance of the start-‐up procedure in Select reason for correct start up procedure: e.g.
maintaining constant bottom hole pressure. maintain correct bottom hole pressure.
Pump Start-‐Up
I Demonstrate Driller's role in start up: e.g. operate
Procedure
The Start-‐Up procedure for Surface Stacks. pumps, monitor and record pressures, determine
correct ICP.
Page 30 of 45


Demonstrate Driller's role in start up: e.g. operate
The Start-‐Up procedure for Subsea Stacks. pumps, monitor and record pressures, determine
correct ICP.
Select basic principles of method: e.g. bit at bottom,
two circulations, remove gas then kill, surface pressure
Drillers Method I The basic principles of the Driller's method. changes, pit level changes, importance of maintaining
correct SPM and mud weight, good communication, if
in doubt shut-‐in.
Select basic principles of method: e.g. bit at bottom,
one circulation, remove gas and kill, surface pressure
Wait & Weight
I The basic principles of the Wait & Weight method. changes, pit level changes, importance of maintaining
Method
correct SPM and mud weight, good communication, if
in doubt shut-‐in.
Select first action a Driller must take for common
problems: e.g. inform supervisor immediately, act on
The common problems that can occur during a kill instruction, pump problems, abnormal increase or
Kill Problems I
operation. decrease in pump pressure, drillstring failure, BOP
equipment failures/leaks, mud gas separator overload,
mud mixing problems, pit management.
Select correct reasons for stripping: e.g. technique to
The reason for Stripping.
get back to bottom prior to killing well.
Describe main steps in stripping: e.g. pressures,
The key steps in Stripping. displacements, bleed off, BOP operating pressures, trip
Stripping I tank/strip tank usage, filling pipe.
Select key actions to take to ensure well integrity
Key considerations to ensure well integrity during during stripping: e.g. pressure limitations on
stripping operations. equipment and wellbore, drill string integrity, stripping
BOP integrity.
Page 31 of 45


Volumetric & Lube State the purpose of a volumetric procedure and a
A Non-‐circulating procedure to get gas to surface
and Bleed lube and bleed procedures.
Trapped gas. Select correct definition of trapped gas.
Explain why having trapped gas below BOP is a
problem: e.g. potential for rapid expansion when BOP
The problem of trapped gas at the subsea BOP.
Trapped Gas at is opened; in deeper water the severity increases
I
Subsea BOP greatly.
Select correct generic procedure for removing trapped
The correct procedure for safely removing trapped
gas safely: e.g. flushing stack and choke/kill lines, u-‐
gas.
tube from Riser up choke line, monitor for Riser gas.
Select reason why Riser must be displaced to kill mud:
Reason for displacing Riser to kill mud following a
e.g. to match kill mud in hole, prevent drop in BHP
Displacing Riser Post kill.
I when BOP is opened.
Kill
The correct procedure for displacing the Riser and
Select correct generic procedure for displacement
associated lines.

3.14. Casing and Cementing Considerations

Module Name: Casing and Cementing Considerations
Implement Correct Reason for controlled running speed. Select reason why casing-‐running speed is controlled.
Procedures when I How rotating and working pipe can generate Select statements that correctly give the effects of
Running or Pulling swab/surge pressures. rotating and working casing on downhole pressures.
Page 32 of 45


Module Name: Casing and Cementing Considerations
Casing Select reason for filling casing when running in hole:
e.g. maintain integrity of float valve due to differential
Reason for filling casing when running in the hole. pressure, minimize risk of casing collapse, quicker
recognition of kick inside the casing, prevent
underbalance if float fails.
Select statements regarding problems of a self-‐filling
Potential well control problems if a self-‐filling float float that does not convert: e.g. allows formation
does not convert. fluids to flow directly up inside the casing, allow
cement to backflow up inside casing.
The importance of following recommendations
Select reason/s why cement waiting time is critical to
based on cement pilot testing before starting follow-‐
well control
up operations.
Cement Waiting Time A
State effect of cement hardening on cement
The effect of cement hardening on cement
hydrostatic and how that affects well control: e.g.
hydrostatic pressure and resulting BHP
reduction in hydrostatic, potential for kick
The importance of maintaining pump-‐rate and Select reason/s for monitoring flow changes during
Monitor the Well
monitoring pit levels during the cementing and cementing and displacement operations: e.g. monitor
During and After
A displacement. for well flow or lost circulation.
Cementing
How a well is monitored during cement waiting Select procedure for monitoring well during cement
Operations
time. waiting time: e.g. flow returns in the trip tank.
Select reason/s for the importance of testing after a
The importance of proper testing after the cement cement job: e.g. to measure integrity of cement in
job. place, difference between testing cement behind
Cement Testing casing strings and testing cement plugs.
Procedure -‐ Positive I Select correct purpose of a positive pressure test: e.g.
The purpose of a positive test.
and Negative to ensure cement integrity from above.
Select correct purpose of a negative pressure test: e.g.
The purpose of a negative test. to test integrity of barrier in the direction of formation
pressure.
Page 33 of 45

3.15. Risk Management

Module Name: Risk Management
State action/s to take in the event of integrity
problems during a well kill: e.g. plugging, washouts,
Corrective actions to any problems that could occur
equipment failure, mud pit management issues and
during the well kill,
shutdown of kill operations during the kill, dynamic
positioning problems, choke line plugging/leaking.
Select good/bad examples of handover between
Managing Change Drillers and how handovers between crew members
I
during a Well Kill The handover to opposite Driller during a well kill must be managed during meal breaks and shift
and changes to personnel due to shift change/meal change: e.g. clear communication, written
breaks. instructions, ask questions, supervisors involved in
handovers and pre-‐tour meeting, managing extended
operations and tiredness.
The kill log as a tool for troubleshooting unplanned Monitor trends on a kill log: e.g. pressures, volumes,
events. mud weights, choke position, shut downs/start ups.

3.16. Equipment
Module Name: Equipment
State the purpose of the Diverter in well control
Purpose of Diverter
operations: e.g. for surface, for subsea.
Diverters I
Describe how the Diverter functions: e.g. valve/s open
Functionality
when Diverter is closed.
Page 34 of 45


Select general operating parameters e.g. pressure to
General operating parameters
operate, maximum wellbore pressures.
State areas where failure may occur during a well
Potential failure and remedial actions during
control operation: e.g. packer element, flowline seals,
diverting and on-‐going operation.
valves, action if packer fails.
Well Control
Demonstrate how to line-‐up BOP stack and manifolds
Equipment Alignment
I How to line up BOP equipment for chosen operation for certain operations e.g. drilling ahead for chosen
and Stack
shut-‐in procedure and well kill operations
Configuration
State the purpose of key items of equipment on the
BOP Stack: e.g. Annular, Pipe Rams, VBR's Blind/Shear
Rams, Casing Rams, Test Rams, Rubber goods, Locking
Purpose of key equipment
devices, Failsafe or HCR valves, drilling spool, Choke
and kill line connections, wellhead connector/casing
head.
State the purpose of key items of equipment: e.g.
LMRP, Riser Connector, Slip Joint, Ball Joint, Flex Joint,
Riser Equipment
BOP Stack, Stack Choke & Kill lines, Riser Dump valve, Booster Line,
Valves, and Wellhead I Bleed line
Components Describe how each of the key items of equipment
How each item functions
function.
Select general operating parameters e.g. pressures to
General operating parameters operate, temperature rating, maximum wellbore
pressures, flow measurement devices, lights.
Potential failure and remedial actions during shut-‐in control operation and how to recognize them: e.g.
and on-‐going kill operation. stuck in open position, primary packers and seals,
secondary seals, locking devices, flange seal rings
Page 35 of 45


Describe the function of this equipment in the well
Function of this equipment
control process.
State how pressure rating can impact line ups during
Manifolds, Piping, and the well kill process: e.g. standpipe manifold, choke
I
Valves manifold, cement manifold, various pressure ratings,
Typical operating pressure
temperature rating, valves upstream and downstream
of Chokes, flexible hoses, mud pump valves and
pressure-‐relief valve, targeted ‘tees’.
State the purpose of key items of this equipment: e.g.
Inside BOPs, full opening safety valves (including Top-‐
Drive/Kelly valves), non-‐return valves, 'dart' valves,
float valves in drill string and casing, crossovers.
Describe how each of the key items of equipment
How each item functions
function.
Drillstring Valves I
Select general operating parameters e.g. maximum
wellbore pressures, temperature rating,
Potential failure and remedial actions during shut-‐in control operation and how to recognize them: e.g.
and on-‐going kill operation. stuck in the open position, seals and sealing faces,
operator seals, leak paths to surface.
Explain purpose and location of key well control
instrumentation equipment: e.g. Pit Level indicators,
Well Control Related
flowline indicators, pressure measuring devices, mud
Instrumentation and
I Purpose of key equipment pump stroke counter, pressure gauges, ROP
Auxiliary Well Control
indicator/recorder, maintain calibration, daily
Equipment
maintenance, check pressure gauges give valid
readings.
Page 36 of 45


Explain purpose and location of gas detection
Gas Detection
A Purpose of this equipment equipment in the circulating system. e.g. measure gas
Equipment
levels in mud and air, flowline, pits, cellar, shakers.
Explain the purpose of this equipment in the well
control process: e.g. to operate the BOP, give feedback
on whether BOP closed, feedback on operating
Purpose of this equipment
pressure on BOP, secondary stations to operate the
BOP. Control valves in correct position, pump start-‐up
facility set correctly.
Describe how key equipment in this system functions:
e.g. Surface v Subsea, fluid storage and accumulators,
importance of pre-‐charge, pressure systems, valves
How the unit and control panel function
BOP Closing Unit & and piping to the BOP, regulators, feedback
I
Control Panels instrumentation such as gauges, flow meter and lights,
Block position, bypass valve.
Interpret (at the level of a Driller) operation of gauges,
flow meter and lights to check status of BOP during
Potential failure and remedial actions during shut-‐in and after closing and opening operations: e.g. did BOP
and on-‐going kill operation. close, demonstrate understanding panel lights, gauges
and flow count to decide if BOP has functioned
correctly.
Describe the difference between a function test and a
Difference between Function and Pressure tests
pressure test.
Function Tests and
I Describe the difference between a high-‐pressure test
Pressure Tests
Difference between high and low pressure tests and a low-‐pressure test: e.g. typical test values,
holding time, period between tests, test fluid type.
Page 37 of 45


State how often these test are to be carried out, what
How often tests are to be carried out
equipment is tested and direction to test equipment
Monitoring Recognize an error in gauge readings based on
Equipment Common failures and how they can impact well discrepancy between gauges: e.g. drill pipe and casing
I
Failures/Erroneous control operations. gauges on standpipe, choke manifold and choke panel,
Sensor Reading analog versus digital.
State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
process and its basic functionality: e.g. basic difference
Deadman, Autoshear Purpose of this equipment
between the systems, reasons why, basic sequence of
and Emergency I
events.
Disconnect System
State what action the Driller should take if an
Action to take in case of emergency disconnect
emergency-‐disconnect is required.
Explain purpose and location of the mud gas separator
in the circulating system.
Select general operating parameters e.g. pressure to
Mud-‐Gas Separator I
operate, maximum operating pressure, vent line
diameter, u-‐tube height, potential dangers if
overloaded.
Explain purpose and location of the control choke/s in
Control Chokes the well control system: e.g. manual, hydraulic, fixed.
(Manual and/or I Select general operating parameters e.g. how they
Hydraulic) General operating parameters operate, maximum operating pressure, positive seal or
leak potential, control of operating speed.
ROV Hot Stab State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
A Purpose of this equipment
Capability process.
Riser Gas Handling State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
I Purpose of this equipment
Equipment process.
Page 38 of 45


Stripping and Tripping State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
Tanks process: e.g. monitoring for leaks, for stripping process
Role of Rules and State major regulating bodies for the student’s area of
A Common industry regulation bodies for well control
Regulations operation.

3.17. Extract of Subsea Elements

Module Name: Extract of Subsea Elements
Technical Principles
Describe how different operations can impact ECD and
the resulting effect on bottom hole pressure: e.g.
Equivalent Circulating
reduction when pumps are stopped at connections or
Density (ECD) &
I Operations that affect ECD. flow checks, circulation across flowline versus
Bottom Hole Pressure
circulating through choke or kill line, pumping out of
(BHP)
the hole, circulating cement, high viscosity pills,
pumping lost circulation material
State what will happen to gas as it is circulated or
migrates up the annulus: e.g. gas expansion as it gets
closer to surface, potential bubble point for non-‐
Gas Behavior A Gas Expansion in Riser aqueous fluid inside Riser, danger of uncontrolled
expansion (reduced hydrostatic, well kick, Riser
unloading), circulating through choke to maintain
bottom hole pressure.
Barriers
Page 39 of 45


State location of barriers at sea-‐floor and effect if
Philosophy and breached: e.g. gas in Riser with only Diverter as a
Operation of Barrier I Effect of subsea BOP on barrier location barrier, effect of formation breakdown around
Systems wellhead, impact of blowout at sea bed, option to
unlatch or ESD
Wellbore Fluids
Potential
Describe the effect of the subsea environment on
Contaminants and
density and solubility e.g. increased density due to low
their Effects A How mud temperature can affect mud properties.
temperatures, potential for hydrate formation,
(including
increased viscosity and gel strength.
Temperature)
Give examples of rig operations and environmental
Situations that can affect accurate measurement of conditions that can affect accuracy of mud pit volume
Pit Management M
pit levels. measurements. e.g. crane operations, ballasting,
movement, seawater suction.
Pre-‐Recorded Information
Give reasons for taking a CLF: e.g. assist start up
Reason for taking choke line frictions (CLFs).
process, expected pressure increase at end of kill.
Select times that a CLF can be taken: e.g. mud
property changes, after circulating clean to remove
Choke and Kill Line
M settling and reduce effects of temperature on the
Friction Time/s a CLF should be taken and when not to take a
mud.
CLF.
Select times when taking a CLF may give an inaccurate
result e.g. immediately after extended non-‐circulating
time, cold mud, gelled mud.
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Typical flow rate/SPM for a CLF. State typical flow rates for a CLF: e.g. same as SCRs
Two common ways to take a CLF. Describe how to take a CLF
Which gauges are commonly used to read the CLF
State which gauges are used to record a CLF
value.
Recognize the effect on bottom hole pressure when
The effect of taking the CLF on bottom hole using different methods for taking CLF: e.g. how
pressure. different technique can impose CLF pressure on the
wellbore.
Complete the volumes and stroke data on a kick sheet
Volumes & Strokes
for Choke and kill lines and Riser Annulus.
The effect choke and kill line fluid density, that is
Choke & Kill Line Fluid Densities different from the fluid density in the wellbore, on
preparations to kill a well.
Causes of Kicks
State how riser disconnect and riser gas can affect
BHP: e.g. reduction due to loss of mud column at
Riser Disconnect and disconnect, principle of riser margin, gas expansion in
M How riser-‐disconnect and riser gas can reduce BHP.
Riser Gas riser from drilling operation, gas coming out of
solution in non-‐aqueous muds, risk to people and
equipment, action to take.
Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling
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State how shallow flows can be detected and
associated problems with detection: e.g. normal flow
How Shallow Gas and Water flows are detected and
Shallow Flows A route if connected to rig floor, ROV if Riserless, visual
why there is limited reaction time.
indication at surface near rig or vessel, pump pressure
decrease with increased strokes.
Well Control Drills
Hang-‐Off Drill M Objective of Hang-‐Off Drill Select objective for carrying out Hang-‐Off Drill
Indications of a Kick
Conditions on surface that can make it difficult to accurately measure pit level: e.g. rig movement, tides,
Indications of a Kick M
get accurate pit level or flow rate readings. leaking Slip-‐Joint, use of riser boost line, ballasting,
crane operations.
Shut-‐In Procedure
Demonstrate how to shut-‐in the well: e.g. subsea
Shut-‐in method (upon observing positive flow
Shut-‐In Procedure M (including hang-‐off), demonstrate correct line-‐up for
indicators).
drilling, tripping and Diverting
Post Shut-‐In
Describe potential dangers when bleeding back drilling
fluid from a ballooning formation, e.g. too much
volume, bleed back formation fluid, formation fluids in
Dangers associated with bleeding fluid back from
Handling Ballooning I Riser when circulating out, rapid gas expansion in non-‐
the well.
aqueous fluids when circulated to surface, procedure
to shut-‐in and circulate part of bottoms-‐up via choke
line and choke.
Kill Methods
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Demonstrate Driller's role in start up: e.g. operate
Pump Start-‐Up
I The Start-‐Up procedure for Subsea Stacks. pumps, monitor and record pressures, determine
Procedure
correct ICP.
Trapped gas. Select correct definition of trapped gas.
Explain why having trapped gas below BOP is a
problem: e.g. potential for rapid expansion when BOP
The problem of trapped gas at the subsea BOP.
Trapped Gas at is opened; in deeper water the severity increases
I
Subsea BOP greatly.
Select correct generic procedure for removing trapped
The correct procedure for safely removing trapped
gas safely: e.g. flushing stack and choke/kill lines, u-‐
gas.
tube from Riser up choke line, monitor for Riser gas.
Select reason why Riser must be displaced to kill mud:
Reason for displacing Riser to kill mud following a
e.g. to match kill mud in hole, prevent drop in BHP
Displacing Riser Post kill.
I when BOP is opened.
Kill
The correct procedure for displacing the Riser and
Select correct generic procedure for displacement
associated lines.
Risk Management
State action/s to take in the event of integrity
Managing Change Corrective actions to any problems that could occur problems during a well kill: e.g. choke line
I
During a Well Kill during the well kill, plugging/leaking, dynamic positioning problems,
weather issues.
BOP Equipment
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State the purpose of the Diverter in well control
Diverter I Purpose of Diverter
operations: e.g. for protection against gas in the Riser
State the purpose of key items of equipment: e.g.
LMRP, Riser Connector, Slip Joint, Ball Joint, Flex Joint,
Riser Equipment
Choke & Kill lines, Riser Dump valve, Booster Line,
BOP Stack, Stack
Bleed line
Valves, and Wellhead I
State the purpose of key items of equipment on the
Components
subsea BOP Stack: e.g. Annular, Pipe Rams, VBR's
Blind/Shear Rams, Casing Rams, Test Rams, Locking
devices, Failsafe valves, wellhead connector
Explain the purpose of this equipment in the well
control process: e.g. to operate the BOP, give feedback
on whether BOP closed, feedback on operating
pressure on BOP, secondary stations to operate the
BOP. Control valves in correct position, pump start-‐up
facility set correctly.
BOP Closing Unit & Describe how key equipment in this system functions:
I
Control Panels e.g. Pods, fluid storage and accumulators, importance
of pre-‐charge, pressure systems (main/pilot), valves
How the unit and control panel function
and piping/signals to the BOP, regulators, feedback
instrumentation such as gauges, flow meter and lights,
Block position.
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Interpret (at the level of a Driller) operation of gauges,
flow meter and lights to check status of BOP during
Potential failure and remedial actions during shut-‐in and after closing and opening operations: e.g. did BOP
and on-‐going kill operation. close, demonstrate understanding panel lights, gauges
and flow count to decide if BOP has functioned
correctly.
State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
process and its basic functionality: e.g. basic difference
Deadman, Autoshear Purpose of this equipment
between the systems, reasons why, basic sequence of
and Emergency I
events.
Disconnect System
State what action the Driller should take if an
Action to take in case of emergency disconnect
emergency-‐disconnect is required.
ROV Hot stab State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
A Purpose of this equipment
Capability process.
Riser Gas Handling State the purpose of this equipment in the well control
Equipment process.

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• Blue Text = Subsea

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3.2. Technical Principles

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Module Name: Barriers

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3.6. Causes of Kicks

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3.7. Shallow Gas, Water Flows, and Top Hole Drilling

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3.8. Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs

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3.10. Indications of a Kick

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3.11. Shut-­‐In Procedures

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3.13. Kill Methods

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3.14. Casing and Cementing Considerations

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3.15. Risk Management

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3.17. Extract of Subsea Elements

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3.11. Shut-‐In Procedures