SSMTh2: Basic Calculus

Engr. Aaron John A. Moriones

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus
 OBJECTIVES
• convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa
• illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles
• illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and
angular measures of a central angle in a unit circle

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Angle Measures

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Angle Measures

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Angle Measures

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Angles of a Circle
Positive Angle Negative Angles
• Starts from the positive x-axis • Starts from the positive x-axis
moving counter-clockwise moving clockwise direction.
direction.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 ANGLE CONVERSION

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Angle Conversion
Degrees to Radians Radians to Degrees
𝜋 180°
° × = Radians Radians × =𝜋
180° 𝜋

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
Convert the following angles to degrees/radians
1. 235°
2. 585°
15𝜋
3. 6
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠
25𝜋
4. 8
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Determining the Angle Quadrant
Quadrant 2 Quadrant 1
𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆: 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆:
𝟗𝟎° − 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟎° − 𝟗𝟎°
𝝅 𝝅
𝒓𝒂𝒅 − 𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅 𝟎 𝒓𝒂𝒅 − 𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝟐 𝟐
Quadrant 3 Quadrant 4
𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆: 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆:
𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° − 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝟑𝝅 𝟑𝝅
𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅 − 𝒓𝒂𝒅 𝒓𝒂𝒅 − 𝟐𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝟐 𝟐

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 How to determine the Quadrant if the given
is in RADIAN?
If there is a “pi (𝝅)” in the given angle, take it aside and use the
concept of “Comparison of Fraction” to determine which is greater.

Or

Get the decimal value of the fraction, to compare it to the value

range of each quadrant.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
Determine which Quadrant the following angle below lies.
Write in the CHATBOX, 1, 2, 3 or 4 for the quadrant.
1. 244°
2. 85°
3. 179°
4. 334°

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Types of Angles

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Standard Angles
Standard Angles are angles that belongs on the first positive revolution.

They have values from

Degrees: 0° − 360°
Radian: 0 𝑟𝑎𝑑 − 2𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 QUADRANTAL ANGLES
• Quadrantal angles are angles in standard position whose terminal
side lies on the x - or y – axis.
• Quadrantal Angles can be
determined by simply dividing
the given angle by 90 degrees
𝝅
or rad, if the quotient is an
𝟐
integer then it is a Quadrantal
Angle
La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus
 Examples
Write Y if the given angle is a quadrantal angle, write N if the given
angle is NOT a quadrantal angle.
1. 660°
2. 1530°
27𝜋
3. 2
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
43𝜋
4. 4
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 COTERMINAL ANGLES
• Co-terminal Angles are angles that are both in standard position and
have the same terminal sides.
• For these angles they have
difference of 360𝑛 𝑜𝑟 2𝜋𝑛,
where 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 How to find Coterminal Angles
• Coterminal Angles are angles which satisfies the condition
𝐶𝑇 = 𝜃 ± 360𝑛
𝐶𝑇 = 𝜃 ± 2𝜋𝑛

where 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Examples:
Find the coterminal angle of the following and at the same time a
standard angle.
1. 552°
2. 1245°
55𝜋
3. 9
𝑟𝑎𝑑
68𝜋
4. 5
𝑟𝑎𝑑

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 REFERENCE
ANGLES
• The reference angle for a
given angle is the positive
acute angle formed between
the terminal side of the given
angle and the x-axis.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 How to compute for the reference angle
• First, find the standard – coterminal angle if its not yet a standard.
• Then, determine which quadrant the terminal side of the given angle
lies.
• Next, Use the formula below to find the reference angle:
• 1st Quadrant: 𝜃𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 𝜃

• 2nd Quadrant: 𝜃𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 180°/𝜋 − 𝜃

• 3rd Quadrant: 𝜃𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 𝜃 − 180°/𝜋

• 4th Quadrant: 𝜃𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 360°/2𝜋 − 𝜃

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus
 Examples
Compute for the reference angle of the following:
1. 348°
2. 684°
17𝜋
3. 9
𝑟𝑎𝑑
36𝜋
4. 7
𝑟𝑎𝑑

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 OBJECTIVES
✓convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa
✓illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles
• illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and
angular measures of a central angle in a unit circle

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 QUESTIONS?

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 LINEAR and ANGULAR
MEASUREMENTS

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 ARC LENGTH
• In a circle of radius r, the length s of an arc intercepted by a central
angle with measure 𝜽 radians is given by,

𝒔 = 𝒓𝜽𝒓𝒂𝒅

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
• Find the length of an arc of a circle with radius 10 m that subtends a
central angle of 30 degrees

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
• A central angle 𝜃 in a circle of radius 4 m is subtended by an arc of
length 6 m. Find the measure of 𝜃 in radians.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 AREA of a SECTOR
• In a circle of radius r, the area A of a sector with a central angle
measuring 𝜃 radians is

𝟏 𝟐
𝑨 = 𝒓 𝜽𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝟐

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
• Find the area of a sector of a circle with central angle 60 degrees if
the radius of the circle is 3 m.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Example
• A sprinkler on a golf course fairway is set to spray water over a
distance of 70 feet and rotates through an angle of 120 degrees. Find
the area of the fairway watered by the sprinkler.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 OBJECTIVES
✓convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa
✓illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles
✓illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and
angular measures of a central angle in a unit circle

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 QUESTIONS???

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus

 Rich-Context Based Learning
• In our LMS Page, under Forums and Discussions, answer the “ARC
LENGTH and AREA OF A SECTOR” forum and discuss the problem in it.

La Salle College Antipolo Senior High School Department Basic Calculus